A Lawn Deterioration Model Constructed from Image Data

A Lawn Deterioration Model Constructed from Image Data

Yurie Enomoto, Chisato Ishikawa, Masami Takata, Kazuki Joe

Department of Advanced Information & Computer Sciences,

Nara Women’s University, Nara, Japan

2

Contents

BackgroundImage Analysis for Lawns Sprayed with Paint

Analysis by RGB and Model ConstructionAnalysis by HSV and Model Construction

Image Analysis for Lawns Sprinkled with WaterAnalysis by RGB and Model ConstructionAnalysis by HSV and Model Construction

Conclusions and Future works

3

BackgroundPeriodical mowing

→Affect the quality of lawns

Necessity of a model to understand the relationbetween the durability of lawns color and the paint density

Keep the quality of lawns

Improve just color of lawns →Green paint spraying on the lawn with degraded leaf color

~Advantage~ A low cost technique Simple operations

Before After

4

Lawn Images

For deterioration models of lawns sprayed with paint

1) Before spraying paint 2) Just after spraying paint 3) 40 minutes later

4) 8 days later 5) 11 days later ① 6) 11 days later ②

5

Lawn Images

For deterioration model of water-sprinkled lawns

1) Right after water-sprinkled (3 pieces)

2) 8 days later (3 pieces) 3) 16 days later (3 pieces)

4) 21 days later (3 pieces) 5) 28 days later (3 pieces)

6

Image Analysis for Lawns Sprayed with Paint

Pixel value in the top of graph （ Central value ） →The maximum number of pixelsThe width from the central value (Dispersion width)

→The dispersion of density value

0200400600800

10001200140016001800

0 50 100 150 200 250

Pixel value

The n

um

ber

of

pix

el valu

e

RGB

RGB values Gaussian distribution

7

Analysis by dispersion widths of RGB

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

(ⅰ )Beforespraying

paint

(ⅱ )J ustafter

sprayingpaint

(ⅲ )40minutes

later

(ⅳ)8 dayslater

ⅴ )11（days later

①

(ⅵ)11days later

②

Dis

pers

ion w

idth

Ｒ

Ｇ

Ｂ


8

＜ After 8 days ＞R ・ B ： Expansion of dispersion

　 → Degradation of the lawns


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


paint

(ⅱ )J ustafter

sprayingpaint

(ⅲ )40minutes

later

(ⅳ)8 dayslater


①

(ⅵ)11days later

②

Dis

pers

ion w

idth

Ｒ

Ｇ

Ｂ


9

＜ After 8 days ＞R ・ B ： Expansion of dispersion　 → Degradation of the lawnsG ： Smaller dispersion than R,B　 → Controlled deterioration of lawns color


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


paint

(ⅱ )J ustafter

sprayingpaint

(ⅲ )40minutes

later

(ⅳ)8 dayslater


①

(ⅵ)11days later

②

Dis

pers

ion w

idth

Ｒ

Ｇ

Ｂ


10

Model Construction ＜Ｒ・Ｂ＞（ 1 ）

（ 2 ）

axe1

1f(x)

1x

axf(x)

2

2

Increase to a certain value to converge

Sigmoid function

A fractional function

a: 1.5a: 1.0a: 0.5

a: 0.5a: 1.0a: 1.5

11

Model Construction ＜Ｒ・Ｂ＞

R ： x5.2e1

1f(x)

B ：1x

x30f(x)

2

2

30

28

24

26

20

22

18

16

26

24

22

20

18

16

14

28

Analysis result by RModel expression for R

Analysis result by BModel expression for B

12

Model Construction ＜Ｇ＞

2x

alogxf(x))3(

2x2eaxf(x))4(

2bxaxef(x))5(

A function with a peak of enlarged dispersion

Change by coefficient a Change by coefficient b

Expression(3):Logarithm based functionExpression(4)(5):Exponential based function

a: 5a: 10a: 15

a: 0.5a: 1.0a: 1.5

a: 0.5, b: 1.0a: 1.0, b: 1.0a: 1.5, b: 1.0

a: 1.0, b: 0.5a: 1.0, b: 1.0a: 1.0, b: 1.5

13

Model Construction ＜Ｇ＞

2x

alogxf(x))3(

2x2eaxf(x))4(

2bxaxef(x))5(

A function with a peak of enlarged dispersion


Expression(3):Logarithm based functionExpression(4)(5):Exponential based function

G ：2x1.0xe20f(x)

a: 5a: 10a: 15

a: 0.5a: 1.0a: 1.5

a: 0.5, b: 1.0a: 1.0, b: 1.0a: 1.5, b: 1.0

a: 1.0, b: 0.5a: 1.0, b: 1.0a: 1.0, b: 1.5

28

26

24

22

20

18

16Analysis result by GModel expression for G

14

Image Analysis for Lawns Sprayed with PaintAnalysis by dispersion widths of HSV

01020304050607080

(i)Beforespraying

paint

(ii)J ustafter

sprayingpaint

(iii)40minutes

later

(iv)8dayslater

(v)11days

later①

(vi)11days

later②

Dis

pers

ion w

idth

HSV

15

Analysis by dispersion widths of HSV

01020304050607080

(i)Beforespraying

paint

(ii)J ustafter

sprayingpaint

(iii)40minutes

later

(iv)8dayslater

(v)11days

later①

(vi)11days

later②

Dis

pers

ion w

idth

HSV

H : Expansion of dispersion

→Expansion of the range of green in the hue circle

　→ Increase of the number of color hue


16


01020304050607080

(i)Beforespraying

paint

(ii)J ustafter

sprayingpaint

(iii)40minutes

later

(iv)8dayslater

(v)11days

later①

(vi)11days

later②

Dis

pers

ion w

idth

HSV

H : Expansion of dispersion

→Expansion of the range of green in the hue circle

→Increase of the number of color hue

S ・ V : Expansion of dispersion 8 days later

→Dark lawns color


17

Model Construction ＜ H ・ S ・ V ＞axe1

1f(x)

1x

axf(x)

2

2

（1）

（2）

01020304050607080

(i)Beforespraying

paint

(ii)J ustafter

sprayingpaint

(iii)40minutes

later

(iv)8dayslater

(v)11days

later①

(vi)11days

later②

Dis

pers

ion

wid

th

HSV

※p.9

a: 1.5a: 1.0a: 0.5

a: 0.5a: 1.0a: 1.5

18

Model Construction ＜ H ・ S ・ V ＞

S ： x5.1e1

1f(x)

H ：1x

x65f(x)

2

2

V ： x7.0e1

1f(x)

60

55

50

45

40

35

30

25

56

54

52

50

48

46

44

42

48

4644

42

4038

36

3432

Analysis result by HModel expression for H

Analysis result by SModel expression for S

Analysis result by VModel expression for V

19

Fresh (green) part

RGB values

0

20004000

60008000

1000012000

1400016000

18000

1

17

33

49

65

81

97

113

129

145

161

177

193

209

225

241

Pixel value

The n

um

ber

of

pixe

l va

lue

Dried-up (white) part

Analysis

Image Analysis for Lawns Sprinkled with Water

Binomial distribution

20

RGB： Expansion of dispersion from 8 days later to 16 days later

→Quick deterioration of green part

→Gentle gradient of Gaussian distributionR ： The most deterioration


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

(i)Rightafter water-

sprinkled

(ii)8 dayslater

(iii)16 dayslater

(iv)21 dayslater

(v)28 dayslater

Dis

pers

ion w

idth

RGB


21

Model Construction ＜ R ・ G ・ B ＞axe1

1f(x)

1x

axf(x)

2

2

（1）

（2）

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

(i)Rightafter water-

sprinkled

(ii)8 dayslater

(iii)16 dayslater

(iv)21 dayslater

(v)28 dayslater

Dis

pers

ion w

idth

RGB

※p.9

a: 0.5a: 1.0a: 1.5

a: 1.5a: 1.0a: 0.5

22

Model Construction ＜ R ・ G ・ B ＞

G ： x2e1

1f(x)

R ： B ： x5.2e1

1f(x)

x3e1

1f(x)

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

28

26

24

22

20

18

16

14

60

55

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

Analysis result by RModel expression for R

Analysis result by GModel expression for G

Analysis result by BModel expression for B

23


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

(i)Right afterwater-

sprinkled

(ii)8 dayslater

(iii)16 dayslater

(iv)21 dayslater

(v)28 dayslater

Dis

pers

ion w

idth

HSV


24

H ・ S ： Reduction of dispersion 8 days later

→Dispersion on green and yellow part


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

(i)Rightafter

water-sprinkled

(ii)8 dayslater

(iii)16 dayslater

(iv)21 dayslater

(v)28 dayslater

Dis

pers

ion w

idth

HSV


25

H ・ S ： Reduction of dispersion 8 days later

→Dispersion on green and yellow partV： Expansion of dispersion

→Deterioration of green part

→Gentle gradient of Gaussian distribution


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

(i)Rightafter

water-sprinkled

(ii)8 dayslater

(iii)16 dayslater

(iv)21 dayslater

(v)28 dayslater

Dis

pers

ion w

idth

HSV


26

Model Construction ＜ V ＞axe1

1f(x)

1x

axf(x)

2

2

（1）

（2）

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

(i)Rightafter

water-sprinkled

(ii)8 dayslater

(iii)16 dayslater

(iv)21 dayslater

(v)28 dayslater

Disp

ersi

on w

idth

HSV

※p.9

a: 0.5a: 1.0a: 1.5

a: 1.5a: 1.0a: 0.5

27

Model Construction ＜ V ＞

V：

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

(i)Right afterwater-

sprinkled

(ii)8 dayslater

(iii)16 dayslater

(iv)21 dayslater

(v)28 dayslater

Disp

ersio

n wi

dth

HSV

1x

x49f(x)

2

2

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

Analysis result by VModel expression for V

28

Model Construction ＜ H ・ S ＞

b

x

axf(x))6(

0,0axf(x))7( b ba



Decrease by a certain valueto converge

Expression(6):

Exponential based function

Expression(7):

A decreasing function

a: 0.5, b: -0.5a: 1.0, b: -0.5a: 1.5, b: -0.5

a: 1.5, b: -0.5a: 1.5, b: -1.0a: 1.5, b: -1.5

a: 5, b: 5a: 10, b: 5a: 15, b: 5

a: 0.5, b: 5a: 0.5, b: 10a: 0.5, b: 15

29

Model Construction ＜ H ・ S ＞

H ： S ：2.0x93f(x) 5.4x160f(x)x

95

90

85

80

75

70

65

130

120

110

100

90

80

70

50

60

40

30

Analysis result by HModel expression for H

Analysis result by SModel expression for S

30

Conclusions and Future WorksConstruct lawn deterioration models by image data

Future work

More exact model construction by aggregate of a botanical model

<Model for G>

Sprinkled with waterSprayed with paint

60

50

40

30

20

10

Difference 35

31

Thank you for your attention.

A Lawn Deterioration Model Constructed from Image Data

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