A. Kanareykin Euclid Techlabs LLC in collaboration with AWA,ANL
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Transcript of A. Kanareykin Euclid Techlabs LLC in collaboration with AWA,ANL
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
DIELECTRIC BASED HG STRUCTURES: POWER EXTRACTION, TUNABILITY AND
ENERGY TRANSFER EFFICIENCY
A. KanareykinEuclid Techlabs LLC in collaboration with AWA,ANL
ICFA Workshop on Novel Concepts for Linear Accelerators and
Colliders. SLAC, July 7-10 2009
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
ANL/Euclid Techlabs Collaboration on Dielectric Wakefield Acceleration
Euclid Techlabs: C.Jing, P.Schoessow, S.Antipov, F.Gao and A.Kanareykin
Argonne National Lab: M.Conde, J.G.Power, R.Conecny, Z.Yusof and W.Gai.
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Motivation/Outline
High Gradient DLA
26 GHz Wakefield Power Extractor
Tunable Dielectric Based Accelerator : Idea and Experiment
Ferroelectric Based Fast High Power Switching
Transformer Ratio X-Band Experiment, R>2 Demonstration
Energy Modulation
MW DLA issues: high gradient – drive beam, power extraction, tuning, efficiency, BBU, multipacting, …
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Drive Gun
Linac & Steering Coils Quads
Wakefield Structure
ExperimentalChambers 4.5 m
GVGV
YAG1 YAG2
Spectrometer
YAG5Dump/Faraday Cup
Slits
YAG4YAG3ICT1
ICT2 BPM
Single bunch operation– Q=1-150 nC– Energy=15 MeV– High Current = 10 kAmp
Bunch train operation64 bunches x 50 nC 50 ns long
Dielectric Based Accelerator
b a
Q
Cu
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Ne
~ 100 GeV Module
Ne
~ 1 GeV drive beam
~ 100 GeV Module
Major features: Short pulses (<20 ns), high gradient (200 ~ 300 MV/m)Drive beam structure directly
Many of the ~ 100 GeV Modules
~ 1 GeV drive beamPhotonsPhotons
Dielectric Based Linear Collider
Concepts
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
26GHz Dielectric-Based Power Extractor*
• A 26GHz power detector has been built and bench tested.
• A load has been built and bench tested.
• Beam test has been performed at AWA facility.
Parameters of 26GHz Dielectric Based RF Power Extractor
Geometric and accelerating parameters value
ID / OD of dielectric tube 7 mm /9.068 mm
Dielectric constant 6.64
Length of dielectric tubes 300 mm
R/Q 9788 /m
Drain time Td 3 ns
Steady power from AWA bunch train (20nC/bunch)
148 MW
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Beam Test of the 26GHz Power Extractor @ AWA Facility (May~June, 2009)
Load
Rf probe
LO=14.576GHz
11.424GHz BPF (228MHz
BW)
16GHz scope
Performed 3 experiments to date:
• Single beam--- to check the frequency
• 16-Bunch train--- to check the rf pulse formation
• 4-bunch train--- to achieve the high rf power
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Down-converted rf Trace of the 26GHz Power Extractor (4bunches)
11.44+14.576=26.016 GHz
Background noise direct to the scope
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Down-converted rf Trace of the 26GHz Power Extractor (16 bunches with 769ps separation)
11.44+14.576=26.016 GHz
4 bunches to reach the steady state
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Number is the percentage of charge transmission out of the structure.
Charge Sweeping
•Theoretically, 9nC29.6MW, 24.8MV/m if σz=1.5mm.
•Calibration will be taken after the experiment.
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Summary for 26GHz Dielectric Based Power Extractor
Successfully demonstrated the high frequency, high power rf source using dielectric-based scheme.
Experiment will be continued in the upgraded AWA facility next year.
Design of a fully featured power extractor( with transverse modes damping) is needed to prevent BBU in the high charge transportation.
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Tuning/Nonlinear Effects in Dielectric-Based
Accelerator
forsterite BST(M)
ε(E) for ferroelectric dielectric composite
Pulse steepening
high intensity wakefields in nonlinear structure
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Temperature tuning of 14 MHz/0K
Tunable DLATemperature Tuning*
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Tunable DLAFast DC Voltage Tuning
6 MHz at 20 kV/cm
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
E, V/um
K
95_1_1
95_1_2
95_3_1
95_3_2
95_5_1
95_5_2
95_8_1
95_8_2
95_2_1
95_2_2
95_4_1
95_4_2
95_6_1
95_6_2
95_7_1
95_7_2
epsilon(0)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1_1 1_2 3_1 3_2 5_1 5_2 8_1 8_2 2_1 2_2 4_1 4_2 6_1 6_2 7_1 7_2
серия 95
Е=5В/мкм
1
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
1.25
1.3
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.5
1 3 5 8 2 4 6 7
серия 95
K
KdcKpulse
New Ferroelectric
Lower dielectric constant, higher tuning range
ε< 300, k> 10% in air
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
BST(M) Ferroelectric Based L-band High Power Tuner
30 ns switching speed
Collaboration with Omega-P and FNAL
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Transformer Ratio
R < 2 under very general conditions: linear media; a relativistic, longitudinally symmetric drive bunch; and identical paths through the system of both drive and witness beams.
Transformer Ratio R = (Max. energy gain behind the bunch) / (Max. energy loss inside the bunch).
Distance behind the bunch, cm2520151050
Wakefield
, M
V/m 30
20
10
0
-10
-20
-30
W+
W- R= W+ /W-
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
(z)
z W -
W+
zd d
W -
W+
d
(z)
Reference: Bane et. al., IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-32, 3524 (1985)
Reference: Schutt et. al., Nor Ambred, Armenia, (1989)
Some of the methods that can be employed to obtain R>2 include: a triangular drive bunch longitudinal profile; a train of Gaussian drive bunches of progressively increasing charge (ramped bunch train, RBT); the ring type driver, use of a proton drive beam so that the particles within the bunch can change positions during deceleration; and nonlinear plasma dynamics.
A single drive bunch was replaced by two bunches with charge ratio of 1:2:5 and a separation of 10.5 wavelengths of the fundamental mode
Ramped Bunch Train
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
LO (8.3GHz)
Signal from the field probe (13.6GHz) Signal to
the digital scope (5.3GHz)
LO (8.3GHz)
data (13.6GHz)
softwareDLA
6GHz digital scope
two-bunch wakefield experiment setup
Wakefields measurements
The field probe signal from the RBT in the 13.625 GHz DLA
Transformer Ratio Experiment
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Leading and Tailing 8 nC and 20 nC
bunches
satisfying the requirement of an equal decelerating field inside each bunch
the transformer ratio increases correspondingly, from R~ 1.8 to
R~ 3.
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Enhancement Factor of 1.31
Transformer Ratio R~2.3
An average measured transformer ratio enhancement by a factor of 1.31 over the single drive bunch case was obtained, R>2 has been demonstrated.
C.Jing, A.Kanareykin, J.G.Power et al. PRL 98, 144801, 2007
R>2 Experimentally Demonstrated.
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
4 bunch Transformer Ratio Experiments
time (ps)
Inte
nsi
ty (
arb
. uni
t.)
40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40
time (ps)
Inte
nsi
ty (
arb
. uni
t.)
40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40
time (ps)
Inte
nsi
ty (
arb
. uni
t.)
40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40
time (ps)
Inte
nsi
ty (
arb
. uni
t.)
40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40
zd d
W -
W+
d
(z)
laser pulse stacking method to stretch the AWA laser pulse from FWHM = 8 ps to 26.5 ps.
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Energy Modulated Bunch Train
Sequence of four bunches
z, cm1101009080706050403020100
Wak
efie
ld, M
V/m
550
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
-50
-100
-150
Sequence of four bunches
z, cm1101009080706050403020100
Wakefie
ld, M
V/m
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
Ramped – 220 nC;Flat – 80 nCFor the same gradient:
A.Kanareykin et al, in preparation
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Sequence of four bunches
z, cm1101009080706050403020100
Wak
efie
ld, M
V/m
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
Energy
Charge distribution is 20-20-20-20 nC, 1.5 mm length AWA bunch generated at the diamond based DLA structure with the inner radios of 1.5 mm, outer radius of 2.62 mm, ID=3 mm, OD= 5.24. Spacing between the bunches corresponds to 1.3 GHz or ~ 23 cm. Maximal accelerating gradient behind the train is 150 MV/m.
Energy Modulated Bunch Train.Energy Distribution
(10-30-50-70) MeV Train
A.Kanareykin et al, in preparation
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
Cons:- lower accelerating gradient- high charge for the last bunches- transverse fields increase- focusing for ramped bunch charges
Ramped Bunch Train
Pros:- laser beam manipulation for the train profile generation
Energy Modulated Bunch Train
Pros:- higher accelerating gradient- flat and low charge bunch train- last bunches have higher energy - transverse stability
Cons: - energy modulated driver bunch train generation - focusing of the energy profiled bunch train
Energy Modulation: pros and cons
A.Kanareykin et al, in preparation
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ICFA Workshop on Novel
Concepts for Linear Accelerators and Colliders.
SLAC, July 7-10 2009
Euclid Techlabs LLC
SUMMARY
1. Successfully demonstrated the 26GHz, high power rf source using dielectric-based scheme.
2. Design of a fully featured power extractor ( with transverse modes damping) is needed to prevent BBU in the high charge transportation.
3. Tunable dielectric based accelerator concepts is presented
4. Transformer ratio experiment demonstrated R>2 for DWA
5. Energy modulated beam is considered, pros and cons are discussed.