A Guide to MySQL

68

MySQL Special Topics

A Guide to MySQL 2

Objectives

• Import data into a MySQL table

• Export data from a MySQL table

• Understand issues that affect data performance

• Analyze tables

A Guide to MySQL 3

Objectives (continued)

• Optimize queries• Understand and use the MySQL Query Browser• Understand and use the MySQL Administrator

A Guide to MySQL 4

Importing and Exporting Data

• Importing: converting data to a MySQL database• Exporting: converting the data in a MySQL database

to a file format for use in another program

A Guide to MySQL 5

Importing Data into a Database

• Text file:– Contains unformatted data

– Comma-delimited

– Tab-delimited

• LOAD DATA INFILE:– Name of file to import

– INTO TABLE (table)

A Guide to MySQL 6

Importing Data into a Database (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 7

Importing Data into a Database (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 8

Importing Data into a Database (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 9

Exporting Data from a Table

• SELECT INTO OUTFILE:– SELECT (name of columns to export)

– INTO OUTFILE (name of text file)

– FROM (table)

• Text file: can open in any word-processing program or text editor

A Guide to MySQL 10

Exporting Data from a Table (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 11

Database Performance Issues

• Database performance: speed or rate with which the DBMS supplies information

• Optimizer: built-in program or routine

A Guide to MySQL 12

Optimizing the Tables in a Database

• Efficient table designs:– Smallest possible size for columns

– Eliminate unnecessary columns

– Eliminate unnecessary tables

• ANALYZE TABLE command: creates statistics for optimizer

A Guide to MySQL 13

Optimizing the Tables in a Database (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 14

Optimizing the Tables in a Database (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 15

Optimizing the Tables in a Database (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 16

Optimizing the Queries in a Database

• EXPLAIN command:– Evaluates performance before query is executed

– Precedes normal SELECT statement

– Use output to determine if indexes needed

A Guide to MySQL 17

Optimizing the Queries in a Database (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 18

Optimizing the Queries in a Database (continued)

• PROCEDURE ANALYSE():– Analyzes query results

– Suggests optimal data type

– Place at the end of SELECT statement

A Guide to MySQL 19

Optimizing the Queries in a Database (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 20

Using the MySQL Query Browser

• Separate program:– Create and execute queries using graphical user

interface

– Download from http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/

A Guide to MySQL 21

Starting and Using the Query Browser

• Depends on operating environment• Must enter:

– Server host information

– Username and password

– Default database (schema)

A Guide to MySQL 22

Starting and Using the Query Browser (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 23

Query Browser Window

• Query Area• Result Area• Object Browser: Schemata, Bookmarks, History• Information Browser: Syntax, Functions, Params,

Trx

A Guide to MySQL 24

Starting and Using the Query Browser (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 25

Getting Help in the Query Browser

• Help command on Help menu• Displays window with list of topics• Click topics to learn more

A Guide to MySQL 26

Using the Database Browser

• Can set default database• Select tables and columns for query• Edit tables

A Guide to MySQL 27

Using the Database Browser (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 28

Using the Syntax Browser

• Easy way to learn syntax• Four categories of commands:

– Data Manipulation

– Data Definition

– MySQL Utility

– Transactional and Locking

A Guide to MySQL 29

Using the Syntax Browser (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 30

Creating and Executing Queries

• Type query in Query Area• Do not need semi-colon• Execute by:

– Using Execute command on Query menu

– Pressing Ctrl + Enter

– Clicking Execute button on Query toolbar

• Commands are identical to those in Command Line Client window

A Guide to MySQL 31

Creating and Executing Queries (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 32

Exporting a Resultset

• Four file formats:– CSV (comma-separated values)

– HTML

– XML

– Microsoft Excel

• Create and execute SELECT query• Use Export Resultset command on File menu

A Guide to MySQL 33

Using the Script Editor

• Can create and edit scripts• Use Open Script command on File menu to open a

script• Can debug and execute script• Use New Script Tab command on File menu to create

a new script

A Guide to MySQL 34

Using the MySQL Table Editor

• Can change the structure of tables• Can add foreign keys• Change name, data type, default value, or comment

for a column

A Guide to MySQL 35

Using the MySQL Table Editor (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 36

Analyzing Query Performance

A Guide to MySQL 37

Using the MySQL Administrator

• Tool for performing administrative operations• Separate program• Download from http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/

A Guide to MySQL 38

Starting the Administrator

• Similar to Query Browser• Can also start from Tools menu in Query Browser• Dialog box requests:

– Server host

– Username and password

A Guide to MySQL 39

Viewing the Administrator Window

• Sidebar has 11 sections• Configure and manage MySQL Server• Manage user privileges• Change startup options

A Guide to MySQL 40

• Monitor database performance• Backup and restore databases• Replicate databases• View catalogs, databases, and tables

Viewing the Administrator Window (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 41

Viewing the Administrator Window (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 42

Getting Help in the Administrator

• Help command on Help menu• Displays window with list of topics• Click topics to learn more

A Guide to MySQL 43

Backing Up a Database

• Database can be damaged or destroyed• Recovery: returns the database to its correct state• Backup copy: periodically making a copy of the

database

A Guide to MySQL 44

Backing Up a Database (continued)

A Guide to MySQL 45

Restoring a Database

A Guide to MySQL 46

Maintaining a Database

• Use Catalogs section• Create, edit, and maintain tables and indexes• Optimize tables, check tables, and repair tables

A Guide to MySQL 47

Summary

• Use LOAD DATA INFILE to import data• Use SELECT INTO OUTFILE to export data• Use ANALYZE TABLE, CHECK TABLE,

OPTIMIZE TABLE to evaluate table performance• Use REPAIR TABLE to repair a damaged or

corrupted table

A Guide to MySQL 48

Summary (continued)

• Use EXPLAIN and PROCEDURE ANALYSE() to evaluate queries

• MySQL Query Browser:– Graphical user interface

– Create and execute queries

• MySQL Administrator:– Graphical user interface

– Perform administrative operations