A guide to indigenous landscaping in Durban - eMdloti / … · A GUIDE TO INDIGENOUS LANDSCAPING IN...

A guide to indigenous landscaping in Durban

Local Action

for Biodiversity

Vegetated landscapes provide many ecosystem goods and services that are es-sential for everyday life. They:

• Absorb carbon dioxide which is released from the burning of fossil fuels, thus reducing the negative effects of climate change.

• Release oxygen.• Help to cool the air through the transpiration of water vapor and thus reduce

the effect of the urban heat island. • Provide habitat to wildlife.• Reduce noise pollution. • Improve aesthetic value.

It is for these reasons that the Environmental Management Department (EMD) aims to conserve the city’s indigenous flora, promotes the rehabilitation of dis-turbed areas and requires indigenous landscaping within certain developments.

It is hoped that this practical guide will assist developers and homeowners in designing suitable landscaping plans as required by the City.

Included in this guide is a map adapted from the South African National Biodi-versity Institute (SANBI) vegetation map showing the main planting zones in the eThekwini Municipal Area (EMA), as well as a detailed list of indigenous plants suitable for use within different zones. Care has been taken to include species that are locally available; those plants that have potential to be grown locally have also been included to raise the demand for these species. Finally, a list of nurseries that provide indigenous plants together with their contact details is provided. We trust that you find this guide useful.

INTRODUCTIONA GUIDE TO INDIGENOUS LANDSCAPING IN DURBAN

1

Grasshopper on Helichrysum sp.

Leonotis Leonotis leonurus

Blue Waterlily Nymphae nouchali

• Indigenous plants are resilient because they have adapted to the local growing conditions.

• Once established, indigenous plants need less pesticides, fertilizers and water-ing. This is not only good for the environment; it also saves time and money.

• Indigenous landscapes do not need to be mowed like the usual lawns and thus have lower maintenance requirements.

• Indigenous landscapes contribute to and support healthy and functional eco-systems.

• Indigenous plants attract a diverse variety of birds, insects and other animals, enhancing the biodiversity of the area.

• Indigenous landscaping promotes a conservation culture among urban resi-dents thus connecting them to the natural world.

• Indigenous landscapes contribute towards sustainable urban development by reintroducing the natural heritage of an area.

WHY INDIGENOUS LANDSCAPING?

2

Beetle on Berkheya sp.

Spotted-backed Weaver

Paradise Flycatcher

1. Plant material and seed for indigenous landscaping must be sourced from local growers and nurseries. This is to avoid introducing plants that have a dif-ferent genetic composition because they have adapted to growing conditions elsewhere.

2. Indigenous landscapes must be ecologically functional. This is best achieved by using combinations of all plant types. A combination of trees, creepers, shrubs and groundcovers provides for feeding, breeding, nesting and resting, the four essential life needs for any living organism.

3. It is critical to balance diversity with density. For this to be achieved, indig-enous landscapes should aim for approximately 10 species per 100m2.

4. The selection of plants must take into consideration the growing conditions of each plant. This increases their chances of survival.

5. The size of the tree upon maturity as well as their growth rate must be consid-ered. It is important to know how big your seedling will be in five or even ten years time. This knowledge helps to select the right plants for the space you have. You should not plant fast growing, large trees very close to buildings and services such as electricity lines and pipelines as the branches and root systems could cause damage to these.

6. Species that normally grow well under the canopy of trees may not fare well in built up areas, especially in industrial developments, where they are exposed to traffic and human use. Use of such species should be restricted to sheltered, residential landscapes.

POINTS TO CONSIDER WHEN DESIGNING INDIGENOUS LANDSCAPES

3

Silver Sugarbush Protea roupelliae

Graceful Poker Kniphofia gracilis

7. The density of the foliage must also be considered. No or very little light is able to filter through to the understorey in densely foliaged trees so very little will grow under trees like the Forest Mahogany – Trichilia dregeana and Natal Guarri – Euclea natalensis. 8. A combination of species that flower at the same time provides colour to the landscape while providing food for wildlife. An example is a combination of Tecoma capensis, Peristrophe cernua, Barleria obtusa, Tetradenia riparia, Senecio tamoides, Deinbollia oblongifolia, Leonotis leonorus, Leonotis dubia, Chrysan-themoides monilifera and Aloe thraskii that all flower in winter.

A map showing planting zones in Durban and a table indicating growth form and specific growing needs is attached to assist.

TO BE INCLUDED IN A LANDSCAPING PLAN

Using the above information, landscaping plans must include a layout plan of the development area showing the following:

• All areas to be developed• Areas to be landscaped• The species to be used including density and numbers• A spatial representation of each species in the landscape

4

5

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

6

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

7▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

8▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

9▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

10▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

11▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

12▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

13▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

14▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

15▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

16▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

�

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

17▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

18▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

19▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

� ��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

20▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

21▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

REFERENCES

The zone that extends from the high water mark along the coastal shore line and tidal estuaries where conditions are dictated by exposure to coastal wind and salt spray drift.

The broad, gently undulating band of land that rises inland from the dune zone. This zone is characterised by warm, humid condi-tions in summer and mild winter weather, allowing year round growth of species that are adapted to these conditions. Within the coastal belt, some steeper areas may assume the characteristics of scarp and kloof vegetation.

The steeply rising zone that defines the limit of the coastal belt. This zone includes the incisions through the scarp where condi-tions vary from hot, dry, stony slopes to more moist areas with densely wooded slopes and ravines. Generally the area is charac-terised by cooler conditions year round and some mist when cloud cover descends.

This zone includes the characteristic moist grasslands and forest patches that are typical of the cooler inland area found directly above the rocky, steep kloof and scarp edges. With increasing altitude and distance from the coast conditions that are dictated by lower rainfall and soil type favours the transi-tion from moist grasslands to bushveld. This vegetation type is variable and can include savanna type woodland, dry grasslands, succulent thicket and valley bushveld.

KEYS

These are plants that need to grow in permanent water or very, very moist conditionsThis category includes plants with true bulbs, corms, rhi-zomes or tubers that are generally referred to by garden-ers as bulbs These are plants that naturally rank onto other plants or scramble over rocks and banksIncludes true ferns and fern-like plants such as Asparagus speciesUsually bold foliaged upright and stark plants such as cycads, aloes and dracaenas Plants that are either true grasses or that give the visual effect of grasses (e.g. sedges)Low-growing plants that clump or spread and can pre-vent soil erosion and loss of moistureHerb-like shrublets (forbs) that make useful low fillers planted in the foreground of mixed beds and rockeriesSoft-tissued (non-woody) annual or perennial shrubs that can be used for low screening and foreground plantings in shrubberiesPlants that are characterised by their adaptation to dry conditions by thick, succulent leaves and stems that serve as water storage organsTrue shrubs that have woody stems and branches and can form screens, thickets and hedges in sun or shade e.g. as forest understorey growthTrees are defined by their size, generally exceeding 2 m, and can grow up to in excess of 30 m

KEY TO FORMS

Aq Aquatic

B Bulbous

CL Climber

F Fern / Fern-like

FP Form Plant

G Grass / Grass-like

GC Ground Cover

H Herbaceous

HS Herbaceous Shrub

S Succulent

SH Shrub

T Tree

Dune

Coastal

Scarp

Above Scarp

Dry Valley

KEY TO ZONES

22

D

C

S

AS

DV

23

KZN INDIGENOUS NURSERIES

KZN INDIGENOUS PLANT NURSERIES - RETAIL

Afro Flora Nursery, Giba Gorge Wilbur Mahlamvu 082 702 3722Butterflies For Africa, Pietermaritzburg Gill Cooper 033 387 1356Claremont Farm, Umhlali Brian or Jane 032 525 8787 / 073 244 1703Fig Tree Indigenous Nursery, Westville Geoff Nichols / Joyce 031 267 2412Froggy Pond Nursery, Uvongo Les Howell & Marlene 039 312 1242Geoff’s Jungle, Pinetown Geoff Caruth 031 702 0836Grasslands Indigenous Nursery, Sarnia Brin 083 639 1029 / Bobby 082 802 5695 Green Acres Nursery, Umhlanga Munro Papanicolau 031 561 3003Green With Envy, Berea, Durban Lou Kelly 031 202 0348High Birnam Protea Nursery, Hilton Isla Arnott 033 330 2354Indigro, Waterfall Ann van Eijk 031 763 3045 / 082 659 4747Jenny Dean Wildflowers, Assagay Jenny Dean 031 768 1209 / 082 469 4686Karibu Farms, Umhlali Abel & Rozanne 032 947 1194Kloof SPCA Nursery, Kloof Elaine Cairns 031 764 4763 / 031 7675989Kwambo Indigenous Plants, Tony & Alice 083 397 6664 / 083 784 3232 Kwambonambi Robyndale Nature Centre, Kloof Rob Sandy 031 764 6328 / 082 576 0176Silverglen Nursery, Chatsworth Brian Abrahams 031 404 5628The Indigenous Nursery, Pietermaritzburg Andrew James 033 344 1044Simply Indigenous, Ramsgate Ryder Nash 039 313 5621 / 082 468 9652 Skye Seedlings, Crestholme Greg Clarke 031 776 3260Tonic Nursery, Giba Gorge Nic van Heeswijk 082 448 3130Tropical Nursery, Sherwood Frank Edwards / Susan 031 208 4925Twinstreams Nursery, Mtunzini Jonathan/Pearl 035 340 2530 / 083 630 6466Val-lea Vista Nursery, Pietermaritzburg Val Law 033 390 3527/ 082 6800 387Yellowwood Indigenous Nursery, Joyce/Gaylene 039 975 3326 / 082 774 0832 Pennington

KZN INDIGENOUS PLANT NURSERIES – WHOLESALE

Amazulu Nursery, Eston Doug & Nola 031 781 1960 / 082 808 8801 Avante Nursery, Ramsgate Mark 039 315 0821 / 082 818 4552Broadview Nursery (trees), Hammarsdale Denise 031 736 2008 / 082 877 6117CJM Growers, Ballito Carol 032 945 3472 / 082 924 6092Claremont Farm, Umhlali Brian or Jane 032 525 8787 / 073 244 1703Cycad Centre (and succulents) Avis / Daan 033 251 0478 / 082 925 4540 Umlaas Road Dorpamric Nursery, Ballito Berrick 032 525 8801 / 082 588 4950Fields Nursery, Eston Linda Wicks 031 781 1726 / 084 550 6177Gait’s Way Nursery, Umlaas Road Rob Gaits 031 785 1606 / 082 800 2809Gwahumbe Nursery, Mid-Illovo Keith Bales 031 781 1919 / 082 678 1329Indigiflora, Munster Simon/Audrey 039 319 1627/083 254 3441Indigo Earth, Umhlali Kerry Jordan 032 947 9224 / 083 229 3290Karibu Farms, Umhlali Abel & Rozanne 032 947 1194Leckhampton Farm, Assagay Colette 072 356 7903Nkosi Nursery, Howick Alex March 082 499 4082Nurseriwilde (Bulbs), Mooi River Robyn Mackenzie 082 497 0071Overdale Nursery, Gillitts Howard Cook 031 767 2019 / 082 0810501Ridgemont Nursery Growers, Crestholme Chris Roussell 082 706 2627RJ Enterprises, Westville Rob Jamieson 083 777 0872/ 031 267 0872Shaka Nursery, Maidstone Michael Knight 083 651 0934Shalwyn Nursery, Tala Valley Jayne McNally 031 781 1945/ 083 229 3290Simon’s Pride, Eston Simon 083 628 1118 / 031 781 1726Simply Indigenous, Ramsgate Ryder Nash 039 313 5621 / 082 468 9652Skye Seedlings, Crestholme Greg Clarke 031 776 3260Top Crop (grasses), Cramond David Hulley 033 569 1333 / 082 415 4600 Twinstreams Nursery, Mtunzini Jonathan/Pearl 035 340 2530/083 630 6466

Remember to always source plant material from as close to home as possible.

KZN INDIGENOUS LANDSCAPERS AND CONSULTANTS

LANDSCAPERS

Acacia Landscapes, Durban North Dee Voigts 083 504 0109AcaciaVeld Landscaping, Forest Hills, Kloof Brad May 083 301 0825 Emerald Landscapes, Gillitts & North Coast Brendan Fox 082 554 0140 /031 768 2552Elsa Pooley Landscaping, South Coast Elsa Pooley 082 487 5384 / 039 973 0486 Enviropools, Hillcrest Phil Page 031 767 3156 / 083 270 0195 Exclusive Gardens, Kloof Mary-Anne Paxton 084 5142653/031 7643692Garden Craft, Umlaas Road Rob Gaits 082 800 2809 / 031 785 1017Greenland Scapes, Stanger Clair Latham 083 502 3825 / 032 552 8105Indiflora, Westville, Durban Johan Bodenstein 082 577 0898/ 031 266 1106Indigo Earth, Nyathi Sugar Ridge Kerry Jordan 083 655 9470 / 032 947 9224Janet Gates Landscaping, Pinetown Janet Gates 084 549 3343Jenny Dean Wildflowers, Assagay Jenny Dean 082 469 4686 / 031 768 1209Jo-anne Hilliar Landscape Design Consultants, 082 447 4824 / 031 262 4654 Westville Landscape Inspirations, Redhill Shenaaz Asmal 083 659 1449Linden Edwards, Sherwood Linden Edwards 083 427 8065Ladybird Landscapes Highway, Hillcrest Kevin Dolloway 082 828 0909Robyndale Landscapes, Kloof Rob Sandy 082 576 0176 / 031 764 6328Rockscapes, Westville Jenni Bell 082 487 4939 / 031 266 8835 Simply Indigenous, Ramsgate Ryder Nash 039 313 5621 / 082 468 9652Simply Indigenous 2, Kloof Helen Terblanche 072 218 2857Susan Petsch, Hillcrest Susan Petsch 083 654 5227 / 031 767 1296Tree House Landscaping, North Coast Bruce Millican 083 6388 918 / 032 552 8023Twinstreams Landscaping, Mtunzini Jonathan Cromhout 083 630 6466 / 035 340 2530Umongo Landscapes, Umhlali Anna Jordan 083 609 7499

GARDENING CONSULTANTS

Johan Bodenstein, Westville, Durban 082 577 0898 / 031 266 1106Jonathan Cromhout, Mtunzini 083 630 6466 / 035 340 2530Jenny Dean, Assagay 082 469 4686 / 031 768 1209Lindsay Gray, Design & Training, Hillcrest 082 449 9237 / 031 765 3434Ground Level Landscapes, Glenmore Jonathan Foley 083 320 4335Wally Menne, Hillcrest 082 444 2083Geoff Nichols, Morningside 031 312 3578 Lyn Page, Hillcrest 083 287 8391 / 031 767 3156 Elsa Pooley, Clansthal, South Coast 082 487 5384 / 039 973 0486 Jean Senogles, Westville 031 266 5240 Helen Terblanche, Kloof 072 218 2857Gill Theunissen, Umhlali 082 560 7794

ALIEN INVADER PLANT CONSULTANTS AND CONTRACTORS

Idube Landscapes, Waterfall 031 766 3996Rob Jamieson, Westville 083 777 0872 / 031 267 0872Elsa Pooley, Clansthal, South Coast 082 487 5384 / 039 973 0486 Simply Indigenous 2, Kloof Helen Terblanche 072 218 2857Ted Vickers, Glenashley 083 776 1671 / 031 568 1671

24

Local Action for Biodiversity

Development Planning, Management and Environment UnitEnvironmental Management Department

166 Old Fort RoadP.O. Box 680

Durban4000

Tel: 031 311 7875Fax: 031 311 7134

Phoenix reclinata Wild Date Palm

Barleria obtusaBush Violet

Formal landscaped area with mix of winter and summer flowering plants

A guide to indigenous landscaping in Durban - eMdloti / … · A GUIDE TO INDIGENOUS LANDSCAPING IN...

Documents

Transcript of A guide to indigenous landscaping in Durban - eMdloti / … · A GUIDE TO INDIGENOUS LANDSCAPING IN...