A Graphical Development and Simulation Environment for TinyOS-based Wireless Sensor Networks

A Graphical Development and Simulation Environment for TinyOS-based Wireless Sensor NetworksElaine Cheong

February 13, 2007Seventh Biennial Ptolemy MiniconferenceBerkeley, California

February 13, 2007 Elaine Cheong, UC Berkeley, Ptolemy Miniconference

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Wireless Sensor Networks


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TinyOS and nesCconfiguration SenseToLeds {} implementation { components Main, SenseToInt, IntToLeds, TimerC, DemoSensorC as Sensor;

Main.StdControl -> SenseToInt; Main.StdControl -> IntToLeds;

SenseToInt.Timer -> TimerC.Timer[unique("Timer")];

SenseToInt.TimerControl -> TimerC;

SenseToInt.ADC -> Sensor;

SenseToInt.ADCControl -> Sensor;

SenseToInt.IntOutput -> IntToLeds;}

module SenseToInt { provides { interface StdControl; } uses { interface Timer; interface StdControl as TimerControl; interface ADC; interface StdControl as ADCControl; interface IntOutput; }} implementation { ...}

configuration TimerC { provides interface Timer[uint8_t id]; provides interface StdControl;} implementation { components TimerM, ClockC, NoLeds, HPLPowerManagementM; TimerM.Leds -> NoLeds; TimerM.Clock -> ClockC; TimerM.PowerManagement -> HPLPowerManagementM; StdControl = TimerM; Timer = TimerM;}


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SenseToLeds in Viptos


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Converting between nesC and MoML nc2moml

nesC component code MoML class (Ptolemy actor)

ncapp2moml nesC application code MoML entity (Ptolemy model)


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Generating MoML for TimerC.nc – nc2moml

<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE plot PUBLIC "-//UC Berkeley//DTD MoML 1//EN" "http://ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu/xml/dtd/MoML_1.dtd">

<class name="TimerC" extends="ptolemy.domains.ptinyos.lib.NCComponent"> <property name="source" value="$CLASSPATH/tos/system/TimerC.nc" /> <port name="StdControl" class="ptolemy.actor.IOPort"> <property name="input" /> <property name="_showName" class="ptolemy.kernel.util.SingletonAttribute" /> </port> <port name="Timer" class="ptolemy.actor.IOPort"> <property name="input" /> <property name="multiport" /> <property name="_showName" class="ptolemy.kernel.util.SingletonAttribute" /> </port></class>


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Generating MoML for SenseToLeds.nc – ncapp2moml...<entity name="MicaCompositeActor" class="ptolemy.domains.ptinyos.lib.MicaCompositeActor"> <entity name="Main" class="tos.system.Main" /> <entity name="TimerC" class="tos.system.TimerC" /> <entity name="SenseToInt" class="tos.lib.Counters.SenseToInt" /> <entity name="IntToLeds" class="tos.lib.Counters.IntToLeds" /> <entity name="DemoSensorC" class="tos.sensorboards.micasb.DemoSensorC" /> ... <link relation="relation1" port="Main.StdControl" /> <link port="IntToLeds.StdControl" relation="relation2" /> <link relation1="relation2" relation2="relation1" /> <link port="SenseToInt.StdControl" relation="relation3" /> <link relation1="relation3" relation2="relation1" /> <link relation="relation4" port="SenseToInt.Timer" /> <link port="TimerC.Timer" relation="relation5" /> <link relation1="relation5" relation2="relation4" /> ...</entity>...


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SenseToLeds – Physical Environment


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SenseToLeds – Hardware


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SenseToLeds – Software


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PtinyOSDirector


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SenseToLeds – PhotoSource


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SenseToLeds – PhotoChannel


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SenseToLeds – WirelessDirector


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SenseToLeds – Simulation


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How it worksJava (PtinyOSDirector) Java (PtinyOSLoader) C (TOSSIM)

PtinyOSDirector.preinitialize() Generate nesC code, makefile, and PtinyOSLoader Java file. Run ‘make’.Compile nesC code to a TOSSIM shared object, and PtinyOSLoader Java file to a Java class file.

PtinyOSDirector.initialize() Load PtinyOSLoader Java class into memory.Create instance of PtinyOSLoader class (_loader).Call Java _loader.load().

_loader.load() Load the TOSSIM shared object into memory.


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How it works (cont.)Java (PtinyOSDirector) Java (PtinyOSLoader) C (TOSSIM)

PtinyOSDirector.initialize(), continued Call Java _loader.main().

_loader.main() Call JNI main_unique_name() native method.

JNI main_unique_name() Call TOSSIM main(), which contains an initialization routine:

Call TOSSIM initializeSockets()Call TOSSIM ptII_startThreads()

Call JNI _loader.startThreads().

_loader.startThreads()Create Java threads.Call Java Thread.start() on each thread.


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How it works (cont.)

Java (PtinyOSDirector) Java (PtinyOSLoader) C (TOSSIM)

TOSSIM main() initialization routine, continued Create bootup event.Call TOSSIM ptII_queue_insert_event().

Call JNI _loader.enqueueEvent().

_loader.enqueueEvent()Call Java PtinyOSDirector.enqueueEvent().

PtinyOSDirector.enqueueEvent() Call Java Ptolemy II fireAt() on the executive director.


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SendAndReceiveCnt


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SendAndReceiveCnt


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SendAndReceiveCnt


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SendAndReceiveCnt – Simulation


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Multihop Routing – Surge


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Performance Evaluation – SenseToLeds


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Performance Evaluation – SendAndReceiveCnt


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Related Work

ns-2 OPNET Modeler, OPNET Wireless Module OMNeT++, NesCT J-Sim Prowler Em*, EmTOS TOSSIM, TinyViz


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Conclusion

http://ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu/viptos

Elaine Cheong, Edward A. Lee and Yang Zhao. “Joint Modeling and Design of Wireless Networks and Sensor Node Software”, EECS Department, University of California, Berkeley, Technical Report No. UCB/EECS-2006-150, November 17, 2006.

A Graphical Development and Simulation Environment for TinyOS-based Wireless Sensor Networks

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