A few important concepts about punctuation
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A few important concepts about punctuation
Most information from Rude, Carolyn. Technical Editing, 4th ed.
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Key Terms
• Clause
• Independent clause
• Dependent clause
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Key Terms
• Clause: a group of words containing the subject and the predicate
• Independent clause
• Dependent clause
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Key Terms
• Clause: a group of words containing the subject and the predicate
• Independent clause: includes subject and predicate and can stand aloneThe teacher wanted to have class outside.
• Dependent clause
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Key Terms
• Clause: a group of words containing the subject and the predicate
• Independent clause: includes subject and predicate and can stand alone
• Dependent clause: contains subject and predicate, but cannot stand aloneAlthough the teacher wanted to have class outside, …
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Key Terms
• Conjunction
• Coordinating conjunction
• Subordinating conjunction
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Key Terms
• Conjunction: joins clauses.
• Coordinating conjunction
• Subordinating conjunction
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Key Terms
• Conjunction: joins clauses.
• Coordinating conjunction: joins clauses or sentence elements of equal grammatical valueFANBOYS
• Subordinating conjunction
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Key Terms
• Conjunction: joins clauses.
• Coordinating conjunction: joins independent clauses or sentence elements of equal grammatical value
• Subordinating conjunction: joins a dependent clause to an independent clause. Establishes that one is less important.After, although, as, because, once, since, that, though, till, unless, when, whenever, etc.
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Key Terms
• Relative pronouns:
• Restrictive clause
• Nonrestrictive clause
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Key Terms
• Relative pronouns: relate to a noun already named in the sentence. They introduce dependent clauses.
• Restrictive clause
• Nonrestrictive clause
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Key Terms
• Relative pronouns: relate to a noun already named in the sentence. They introduce dependent clauses.
• Restrictive clause: essential to the definitionRock music is different than classical music
• Nonrestrictive clause
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Key Terms
• Relative pronouns: relate to a noun already named in the sentence. They introduce dependent clauses.
• Restrictive clause: essential to the definition
• Nonrestrictive clause: meaningful, but not essentialDifferent music types, such as rock and classical, appeal to different people.
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Key Terms
• Parallelism
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Key Terms
• Parallelism: Items share grammatical structure
BadWhile preparing this PowerPoint I drank coffee, music was playing on my radio, and some hefty guy joggled by my office window while I watched.
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Key Terms
• Parallelism: Items share grammatical structure
GoodWhile preparing this PowerPoint I drank coffee, played music on my radio, and watched some hefty guy joggle by my office window.
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Key Terms: Sentence Types
• Simple
• Compound
• Complex
• Compound-Complex
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Key Terms: Sentence Types• Simple: one independent clause
Bobby ran.
• Compound: two independent clausesBobby ran, and he tried not to fall down.
• Complex: one independent clause and one dependent clauseBecause he was being chased by a bear, Bobby ran quickly.
• Compound-Complex: two independent clauses plus a dependent clauseThe bear had been hibernating all winter and was hungry; therefore, when Bobby walked by with his bag of Fritos, the bear gave chase.
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Basic Punctuation
,‘-“()
—:;.!
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