A Course on Medical Informatics and Research Analysis

7/30/2019 A Course on Medical Informatics and Research Analysis

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Medical Informatics andResearch Analysis

Orientation

Imagination is more important than knowledge"

Albert Einstein

By

Muhammad Ali Bohyo

DirectorInstitute of Biomedical Technology LUMHS


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Medical Informatics

"the theory and practice of using informationresponsibly in the context of healthcare.

The study of how Medical information is collected,organized, manipulated, classified, stored, retrieved,and visualized

Medical informatics is seen to be rooted in medicine andcomputer science the social, organizational, and policy aspects of information

technology are not usually taken into consideration


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Informatics

Bioinformatics

Really bio-molecular informatics

Medical informatics Really clinical informatics

Biomedical informatics

Covers both and more


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Paper Charts of Patient Medical Records are the

norm worldwide for recording patient information.

All relevant patient information is documented in

one file for reference - including Lab. results, testresults and progress notes.

These charts are easy to use.

The same file is used on subsequent admission to thesame institution.

And as source of reference for medico-legal cases.

Existing Hospital Records .......


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The Medical (Patient) Record

A historical record of patient care

A communication tool among care providers

A research and knowledge-gaining tool

A teaching tool

An operational tool (e.g., order entry)

A business tool (e.g. to support billing) An administration record (e.g., to manage resources)

A legal record with considerable longevity


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Electronic Medical Record (EMR)

AKA: Computer-Based Patient Record (CPR) Provides multiple advantages vs. manual records:

Record can be used by multiple personnel at the same time

Record is accessible from anywhere (even from home)

Clear, well-organized, legible documentation

Data can be reused for other purposes

Data can be integrated from multiple sources transparently

Data can be validated automatically

Enables multiple automated research and decision-supportfunctions (analysis, machine learning and data mining,automated diagnosis, reminders, guideline-based care)

Decision support can be integrated with use of the patientrecord


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Order Entry

CPRS (Clinical patient Record system) includesthe ability to place orders by CPOE, includingmedications, special procedures, x-rays, patient

care nursing orders, diets, and laboratory tests A major function of an EMR system, allowing care

providers to enter clear, legible orders for patient careanytime, anywhere

Supports validation of order, issuing of alerts,suggestion of relevant information and knowledge,and even actions

Quick effect on physician ordering behavior


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The Electronic Medical Record (EMR) is the future of

patient record documentation.

There is very wide scope for applications andadditions around a centralized record.

The EMR can be accessed conveniently by

appropriate health professionals to ensure ultimate

maximum and optimal patient care.

The Electronic Medical Record.


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E- Health Standards

Data interchange Standards (OSI)

Electronic Medical Record Standards (HL7)

Terminology / Vocabulary standards

Medical Imaging standards


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E-Health Standards

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)

7-layer communication model of the International

Standards Organization (OSI)

Allow a sender to transmit data (a transaction set)

to a receiver in unambiguous fashion

HL7

Name refers to OSI application layer 7

A standard for exchange of data among different

hospital computer applications


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ICD (International Classification of Deseases)

Intended mostly for talking about dead people

(reporting mortality statistics to the WHO)

Strict hierarchy with core 3-digit codes, possibly

4th digit

ICD-9-CM (Clinical Modifications) adds extra levels

of details by 4th

and 5th

digits, popular in USA


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Codes in The International Classification of

Diseases (ICD-9 CM)

724 Unspecified disorders of the back

724.0 Spinal stenosis, other than cervical

724.00 Spinal stenosis, unspecified region

724.01 Spinal stenosis, thoracic region

724.02 Spinal stenosis, lumbar region

724.09 Spinal stenosis, other724.1 Pain in thoracic spine

724.2 Lumbago

724.3 Sciatica

724.4 Thoracic or lumbosacral neuritis

724.5 Backache, unspecified

724.6 Disorders of sacrum

724.7 Disorders of coccyx724.70 Unspecified disorder of coccyx

724.71 Hypermobility of coccyx

724.71 Coccygodynia

724.8 Other symptoms referable to back

724.9 Other unspecified back disorders


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Current procedural terminology (CPT Encodes diagnostic and therapeutic procedures

CPT-4: The main code used for reporting physicianservices to government and private insurancereimbursement

Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) Provides nomenclature as well as definitions

(diagnostic criteria) of psychiatric disorders

Systemized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED) Systematically organized computer accessible

collection of medical terminology

cover most areassuch as Diseases, findings, procedures,microorganisms, pharmaceuticals, etc


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Functions of a Health-Care Information

System (HCIS) (I)

Patient management

Admission, Discharge, Transfer (ADT)

Patient tracking Departmental management

Ancillary departmental systems support clinical

departments; laboratory, radiology, pharmacy, blood

bank and medical records are most commonlyautomated

Care delivery and Clinical documentation

Mostly order entry and results reporting


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Functions of a Health-Care Information

System (HCIS) (II)

Clinical decision support

Built upon other HCIS components and need to beintegrated with them (e.g. during order entry)

Financial and resource management

Typically the first functions to be centralized


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44,000 to 98,000 patients die from medicalerrors every year in US hospitals.

More people die from medical errors inhospitalization than from motor vehicleaccidents, breast cancer, or AIDS.

Institute of Medicine (Dec. 1999)


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A 6 weeks course on Medical

Informatics and Research Analysis

To introduce application of statistical tools inMedicine

To introduce understanding and application of E-health systems with practical approach

To familiarize the concept of Medical Imagingwith emphasis on DICOM

To introduce different Medical Informatics relatedstandards

To introduce coding systems and controlledmedical vocabulary


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CONTENTS

Electronic Clinical Information Systems withpracticals

E-health standards (CDA, HL7, etc)

Controlled vocabulary standards (SNOMED, etc) Medical imaging & Communication standard

(DICOM)

Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Ebrary, End note, Medical related resources on

web, personal management software


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Who should attend?

Specially designed course to give benefit to:

Undergraduate Students

Post Graduates Medical Professionals

Faculty Members

Biomedical Technicians


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48 hrs ( 8 hrs a week )

four days a week

2 hrs a day

Registration is open

Registration form is available from Institute of

Biomedical Technology

www.lumhs.edu.pk/ibt

[email protected] 022 9213338
http://www.lumhs.edu.pk/ibtmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.lumhs.edu.pk/ibt

A Course on Medical Informatics and Research Analysis

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