A comparison of structural and tensile performance of kinesiology...
Transcript of A comparison of structural and tensile performance of kinesiology...
A Comparison of Structural and Tensile Performance of Kinesiology Tapes
Ho-yi Fung1#, Kit-lun Yick1*, Sun-pui Ng2
(*Corresponding author #Presenting author)1Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong2Hong Kong Community College, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
Kinesiology (KT) Tape
Therapeutic benefits: impose tensile force onto
joints and muscles
Clinical practiceSports settings
Tension
Light tape tension (0% - 15%):
Tendon and lymphatic correction
Moderate tape tension (25%):
For treating fascia,increasing circulation and stimulating, andinhibiting muscle activity
High tape tension (75%-100%):
Tendon or ligament treatment
Source: KT Tape
Theory
Lift the skin from the underlying fascia
Interstitial space Blood and lymph flows
Strain Inflammation of the body tissues; repaired
About the Study
KnesioTex Classic ATEX 3M FUTURO
Aim: Compare the 1) structural properties and 2) mechanical tensile behaviour
of different types of KT tapes
Background: Different brands of KT tapes may have different mechanical properties
Clinician should have a good understanding of the material properties so as to prescribe the most suitable tension for treatment effectiveness.
Structural Properties
Fabric and Adhesive Layer Structures KinesioTex Classic 3M FUTUROATEX
Fabric
Adhesive
Design and pattern of adhesive layer
Fabric Test: Thickness, Weight and Density
*Density = Warp-ends/inch x Weft-ends/inch
Kinesio Tex Classic ATEX 3M FUTURO
FibreContent 100%co'on 97%co'on -
Thickness(mm)Stress:4gf/cm2 0.58 0.6 0.58
Weight(g/100cm2) 2.011 2.190 2.257
Density*(ends/inch) 35x58 34x63 32x32
YarnCount(Warp) 0.64 1.70 1.47
Fabric Test: Thickness, Weight and Density
*Density = Warp-ends/inch x Weft-ends/inch
Kinesio Tex Classic ATEX 3M FUTURO
FibreContent 100%co'on 97%co'on -
Thickness(mm)Stress:4gf/cm2 0.58 0.6 0.58
Weight(g/100cm2) 2.011 2.190 2.257
Density*(ends/inch) 35x58 34x63 32x32
YarnCount(Warp) 0.64 1.70 1.47
THINNEST, LIGHTEST,
LOWEST yarn count thus HIGH yarn density
Overall: the BEST
Mechanical Tensile Behaviour
Instron 4411 Tensile Tester
ISO standard: 13934-1
Gauge length: 100mmRate of elongation: 100%/minRate of extension: 100mm/min
Sample size: 50mm x 200mmTesting area: 50mm x 100mm
Test specimen
50mm
50mm100mm
Testing Conditions
1) Tensile behaviour before stretching
2) Changes in tensile behaviour at stress of 30% with 1, 4, 8 and 24 hours
*loads (N) at the strains of 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100%*
Tensile Behaviour BEOFRE STRETCHING
Stress (MPa)10-3 under tensile strains of 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100% (PRIOR to elongation)
(MPa)10-3 Kinesio Tex Classic ATEX 3M Futuro10% 0.134 0.152 0.13630% 0.392 0.366 0.36650% 0.784 0.678 0.84270% 1.928 1.386 2.400100% 21.456 13.574 30.716
Stress (MPa)10-3 under tensile strains of 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100% (PRIOR to elongation)
(MPa)10-3 Kinesio Tex Classic ATEX 3M FUTURO10% 0.134 0.152 0.13630% 0.392 0.366 0.36650% 0.784 0.678 0.84270% 1.928 1.386 2.400100% 21.456 13.574 30.716
Strain >70%: stress significantlySimilar trend: Boonkerd and Limroongreungrat (2016)
- Application: beware of the force differences amoung brands
Stress (MPa)10-3 under tensile strains of 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100% (PRIOR to elongation)
(MPa)10-3 Kinesio Tex Classic ATEX 3M FUTURO10% 0.134 0.152 0.13630% 0.392 0.366 0.36650% 0.784 0.678 0.84270% 1.928 1.386 2.400100% 21.456 13.574 30.716
3M Futuro
High stress-strain performance
LOWER complianceHIGHER stiffness
Strain >70%: stress significantlySimilar trend: Boonkerd and Limroongreungrat (2016)
Lack of comfortLimitation of body and joint movement
- Application: use lower strain instead of
following the KT tape standard
- Application: beware of the force differences amoung brands
Changes in Tensile Behaviour at STRESS of 30%
with 1, 4, 8 and 24 HOURS
Changes in tensile behaviour (MPa)10-3of KinesioTex prior to elongation and at elongation of 30% with time
(MPa)10-3 10% 30% 50% 70% 100%Priortoelonga?on 0.134 0.392 0.784 1.928 21.556
1hour 0.13 0.324 0.684 1.76 18.587
4hours 0.134 0.322 0.726 2.318 22.609
8hours 0.08 0.256 0.526 1.572 13.678
24hours 0.106 0.294 0.62 1.868 22.191
Changes in tensile behaviour (MPa)10-3of KinesioTex prior to elongation and at elongation of 30% with time
(MPa)10-3 10% 30% 50% 70% 100%Priortoelonga?on 0.134 0.392 0.784 1.928 21.556
1hour 0.13 0.324 0.684 1.76 18.587
4hours 0.134 0.322 0.726 2.318 22.609
8hours 0.08 0.256 0.526 1.572 13.678
24hours 0.106 0.294 0.62 1.868 22.191
Tensile behaviour
Constant without much stiffening in terms of compliance
8 hours: slightly lower slope
Implication
Finer and denser fabric structure(lower yarn count, higher warp density) provide a sturdier hold that withstand strain
Changes in tensile behaviour (MPa)10-3of ATEX prior to elongation and at elongation of 30% with time
(MPa)10-3 10% 30% 50% 70% 100%
Priortoelonga?on 0.152 0.366 0.678 1.386 13.574
1hour 0.12 0.282 0.534 1.314 15.208
4hours 0.12 0.282 0.566 1.824 23.566
8hours 0.11 0.256 0.52 0.992 11.948
24hours 0.106 0.268 0.55 2.066 28.106
Changes in tensile behaviour (MPa)10-3of ATEX prior to elongation and at elongation of 30% with time
(MPa)10-3 10% 30% 50% 70% 100%
Priortoelonga?on 0.152 0.366 0.678 1.386 13.574
1hour 0.12 0.282 0.534 1.314 15.208
4hours 0.12 0.282 0.566 1.824 23.566
8hours 0.11 0.256 0.52 0.992 11.948
24hours 0.106 0.268 0.55 2.066 28.106
Tensile behaviour
Lower compliance after prolonged extension at 30%
1, 8 hour(s): resemble the tensile behaviour prior to elongation
4, 24 hours: in stress at a strain > 70%
reduced compliance with time
Application
Avoid long hour use
Changes in tensile behaviour (MPa)10-3of 3M Futuro prior to elongation and at elongation of 30% with time
(MPa)10-3 10% 30% 50% 70% Maximum LoadPriortoelonga?on
0.136 0.366 0.842 2.4 100.71% 31.408
1hour 0.122 0.44 1.288 6.708 99.64% 34.898
4hours 0.128 0.468 2.1 16.032 78.14% 29.592
8hours 0.126 0.388 2.006 14.434 79.80% 22.934
24hours 0.114 0.376 1.546 10.758 85.80% 28.187
Changes in tensile behaviour (MPa)10-3of 3M Futuro prior to elongation and at elongation of 30% with time
(MPa)10-3 10% 30% 50% 70% Maximum LoadPriortoelonga?on
0.136 0.366 0.842 2.4 100.71% 31.408
1hour 0.122 0.44 1.288 6.708 99.64% 34.898
4hours 0.128 0.468 2.1 16.032 78.14% 29.592
8hours 0.126 0.388 2.006 14.434 79.80% 22.934
24hours 0.114 0.376 1.546 10.758 85.80% 28.187
Tensile behaviour
Tensile strain with prolonged use
50% or above: sharply in stress
At around 75%: rupture
Application
Avoid long hour use
Use lower strain instead of following the KT tape standard
strain stress
Conclusion
High strain of 70% or greater:
Stress significantly increases and varies amoung brands and with
time.
Lack of comfortLimitation of body and joint movement
Kinesio Tex Classic:
Stable tensile behaviour
ATEX, 3M Futuro:
compliance with timePhysical therapists need to bear in mind the force with respect to the different
brands, as well as the practical need of their patients for optimal treatment
efficacy.
Future Studies
number of brands and test specimens per
trial
provide a more complete picture of the properties of the different types of KT tapes in the
market
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Departmental General Research Grant of the Institute of Textiles and Clothing of the Hong Kong
Polytechnic University (PolyU G-UA5W).
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