A Comparison of Argentine Tango and Igor Stravinsky
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Transcript of A Comparison of Argentine Tango and Igor Stravinsky
A Comparison of Argentine A Comparison of Argentine Tango and Igor StravinskyTango and Igor Stravinsky
Michelle KoMichelle Ko
Capital: Buenos Aires
Size: 2,780,400 sq km
Population: 41,769,726 (2011)
Ethnicity: white (mostly Spanish and Italian) 97%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry), Amerindian, or other non-white groups 3%
Religion: Roman Catholic 92%, Protestant 2%, Jewish 2%, other 4%
Argentina Demographic
History of Tango Earliest evidence of Tango dates back to
the mid nineteenth century in Buenos Aires
Around the turn of the century, many European immigrants arrived at Buenos Aires
They brought with them a more lyrical style of violin playing, and the melodic influence of Neapolitan song, a key factor in the melodic beauty characteristic of Tango
Around the year 1910, it is claimed that Bandoneóns were brought to Argentina by German immigrants
The dance that was associated with the Tango music became a driving force in introducing the music to the world
Bandoneón
In the late 1940s, the music and the dance started to separate Musicians were more interested in
playing for a concert audience In 1955, nationalistic government that
encouraged Tango was replaced by a new regime that discouraged Tango Many artists were blacklisted or
imprisoned “New Tango” was formed by Astor
Piazzolla who took elements of Tango but diverted from the tradition Renewed the interest in dance
History of Tango cont.-Nuevo Tango
g
Primary Instruments
Bandaneón
Essential instrument in the tango orchestra
In Germany, it was originally intended to play religious music
Buttons instead of piano keys More compatible with chromatic
tuning structure
Bombo Luguero
Made of a hollowed tree trunk and covered with cured skins of animals
Serves as a combination of bass and percussion, not just maintaining the meter, but evoking an elemental, visceral response
Erkencho
Transverse horn Used for ritual
purposes No reed in its
mouthpiece Produces the notes
available in the natural harmonic series
El Choclo(1898)-Angel Villoldo
Usually played with a Bandaneón or piano for tango dances
2/4 time Key: b minor
(Measures 1-8) Begins with a
diminished seventh Measure 2: Tonic Structure: A-B-C-A-
B-C (including the introduction
Habanera bass Dynamics
throughout the piece
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xE7gKEG8O9Y
With Intro:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8YSUUeQhHA&feature=player_embedded#!
Key change: d minor (Measures 9-32) Starts with a pickup: three sixteenth notes B flat in the melody but does not belong in the
d minor chord (D-F-A) Creates dissonance with bass line and tension
Scattered Rhythm (“Call” and “response”)
Chromatic scale present in the piece Scattered rhythm pattern (Call and Response) Key change back to the beginning (b minor)
TThe tango he tango eventually extended toeventually extended to Europe at the beginning of the 20th Europe at the beginning of the 20th century. Its popularity soon spread as century. Its popularity soon spread as musicians and dancers from South musicians and dancers from South America performed it in the America performed it in the European metropolises in the 1910s European metropolises in the 1910s and 1920s. and 1920s. Gradually,Gradually, composers in composers in Europe began writing tangosEurope began writing tangos……
Russian-born American composerRussian-born American composer BBorn orn in June 17, 1882in June 17, 1882 in in Oranienbaum, Russia Oranienbaum, Russia
Igor StravinskyIgor Stravinsky
Igor Stravinsky grew up in a music atmosphere His father was a leader bass
Mariinsky Theatre in St Petersburg Acquired a love for musical theatre at
a young age Never entered a music school or a
consèrvatory, and never earned an academic degree in music. Stravinsky studied with Rimsky-
Korsakov, who was an influence on his early music
Stravinsky’s early works impressed Diaghilev (sponsor of entertainment) and invited him to arrange large scale ballet Diaghilev remained a
supporter/sponsor throughout Stravinsky’s life
Biography
Prominent Works Fireworks [Ballet]
Petrushka
The Rite of Spring
The Firebird
Histoire du Soldat (A Soldier’s Tale)
Symphony in Eb Major
Oedipus Rex, opera-oratorio
Tango-Igor Stravinsky Originally for piano in 1940 Composed for chamber
orchestra in 1953
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WCz-w8-ipG8
4/4 time
Key: d minor
Minimal dynamics
Chromatic scale present in the piece
Bass leads in
Scattered rhythm
Comparisons
El Choclo: 2/4 time Written for variety
of native instruments
Structure: A-B-C-A-B-C
Wide range of dynamics
Key changes throughout
Tango: 4/4 time Written for
piano Structure:
Bass lead in Minimal
dynamics
Similarities: Key of d minor
Both chromatic scales
leads into repetition of
the pattern Similar melodic
rhythm Beat is sharp allowing
it to be a dance music Scattered rhythms
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ar.htmlar.html
http://www.carnegiehall.org/BlogPost.aspx?id=4294982543http://www.carnegiehall.org/BlogPost.aspx?id=4294982543 http://www.totaltango.com/acatalog/tango_brief_intro_91.htmlhttp://www.totaltango.com/acatalog/tango_brief_intro_91.html http://www.notablebiographies.com/St-Tr/Stravinsky-Igor.htmlhttp://www.notablebiographies.com/St-Tr/Stravinsky-Igor.html http://latinmusic.about.com/od/playlists/tp/TangoDanceSongs.htmhttp://latinmusic.about.com/od/playlists/tp/TangoDanceSongs.htm
Work CitedWork Cited