Slide 1

A Case Study of the Wings Over Pittsburgh Air Show Benjamin Shelton - MGIS Candidate Advised by Dr. Alexander Klippel Slide 2 Motivation Photo Courtesy of http://www.pittsburgh.afrc.af.mil/ Wings Over Pittsburgh Air Show Slide 3 Motivation Photo Courtesy of http://www.pittsburgh.afrc.af.mil/ Wings Over Pittsburgh Air Show Slide 4 Improve the placement of static displays, tents, and vendors. Improve accessibility for general public. Identify major thoroughfares to ease flow of pedestrians. Improve egress routes for disaster/emergency preparedness. Motivation Slide 5 Research Question How can geospatial modeling and analytical methods to represent pedestrian movement be incorporated to improve the flow of pedestrians and accessibility of a large public event? -Flow measured through use of Agent Based Modeling scenarios. -Accessibility measured in terms of Space Syntax parameters. Slide 6 Methodology 1. Determine best methods for visualizing and analyzing pedestrian movement through a space. 2. Determine how to best incorporate into GIS. 3. Assessment in real world scenario using past Air Show data. Slide 7 1. Methods for visualizing & analyzing pedestrian flow Space Syntax Science-based approach to urban planning, design, and architecture. Characterizes spaces to analyze movement, interactions, land uses, and many other aspects. Axial Lines: Used to represent flow of movement along lines of visibility from point to point through a space. Used to measure spatial connectivity and integration. Slide 8 1. Methods for visualizing & analyzing pedestrian flow Space Syntax Example [2011 Air Show Layout] Slide 9 1. Methods for visualizing & analyzing pedestrian flow Space Syntax Example [2011 Integration] Slide 10 1. Methods for visualizing & analyzing pedestrian flow Space Syntax Example [2009 Integration] Slide 11 1. Methods for visualizing & analyzing pedestrian flow Space Syntax Example [2009 Connectivity] Slide 12 1. Methods for visualizing & analyzing pedestrian flow Space Syntax Example [2011 Alternate Layout Integration] ADJUSTEDORIGINAL Slide 13 1. Methods for visualizing & analyzing pedestrian flow Agent-Based Model (ABM) Agent: Autonomous, goal-directed data points that are interactive, both with the environment and with other agents. Pros: More realistic than previous density or group-level approaches for pedestrian behavior. Modeling at the individual level provides insight into complex local interactions that influence the overall movement pattern. Flexible to fit many scenarios and environments. Cons: Requires high computer processing to handle a large number of agents. Difficult to encompass all the complexities of human behavior into an agent. Slide 14 2. Incorporating into GIS Agent Based Models: Hurdles to implementing ABM completely within GIS: Difficulty of GIS in handling temporal data. Inability of GIS to handle the execution of a model of agent behaviors for individual data points. GIS-centric vs. ABM-centric GIS-centric: External tools and scripts used within GIS software to develop an Agent-Based Model. ABM-centric: GIS data used within external Agent-Based Modeling software. **PedestriansV1 ABM example downloaded from NetLogo User Community Models Website. Originally created and submitted by Singhathip Mickael in 2008. Slide 15 Swarm Open source Objective C or Python Repast (Recursive Porous Agent Simulation Toolkit) Open source Java or Python Agent Analyst toolbox for ArcGIS Latest release is for 9.2 (GIS-centric example) MASON (Multi-agent Simulator of Neighborhoods) Open Source Java NetLogo Open Source Has GIS extension that provides support for vector and raster data integration. Possible ABM Software Solutions: Slide 16 UCL Depthmap Standalone product. Able to import geometry of environment and export space syntax results into MapInfo or.DXF file format. Confeego Integrated with MapInfo. Axwoman Works as an extension within ArcGIS (Originally for ArcView 3, but latest release works within ArcGIS10). Others include Syntax2D, Place Syntax Tool, Segmen Currently, External software provide more robust analysis and documentation than any GIS-based Space Syntax solutions. Possible Space Syntax Software Solutions: Slide 17 UCL Depthmap NetLogo Export Layout ABM Simulation Visibility Graph Analysis Pedestrian Flow Simulated gate counts Integration Values Connectivity 2011 Air Show GIS Layout ArcGIS Process: Agent-Based Model: Used to model scenarios of pedestrian movement through the air show space Space Syntax: Used to characterize the layout of the air show space and explain the movement shown in the Agent-Based Model. Slide 18 Perform Space Syntax Analysis Perform ABM Simulation Perform Space Syntax Analysis Perform ABM Simulation Perform Space Syntax Analysis Perform ABM Simulation Perform Space Syntax Analysis Perform ABM Simulation -Integration Values -Connectivity -Pedestrian Flow Model -Integration Values -Connectivity -Pedestrian Flow Model -Integration Values -Connectivity -Pedestrian Flow Model -Integration Values -Connectivity -Pedestrian Flow Model Change in Integration/Connectivity & Model Change in Integration/Connectivity & Model Change in Integration/Connectivity & Model Find Correlations 201120092008ALT Process: Slide 19 Conference Presentation / Project Timeline 7 th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2012) September 18-21, 2012 Deadline for Extended Abstract Submittal : May 4, 2012 Slide 20 Questions? Slide 21 References Batty, M., Desyllas, J., & Duxbury, E. (2003). Safety in Numbers? Modeling Crowds and Designing Control for the Notting Hill Carnival. Urban Studies, 40: 1573. DOI:10.1080/0042098032000094432. Berryman, Matthew (2008). Review of Software Platforms for Agent Based Models. Land Operations Division, Defense Science and Technology Organization, Edinburgh, Australia. Available at http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA485784. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA485784 Castle, Christian and Crooks, Andrew (2006). Principles and Concepts of Agent-Based Modeling for Developing Geospatial Simulations. Center for Advanced Spatial Analysis (University College London): Working Paper 110. London. Available at http://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/casa/pdf/paper110.pdf. http://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/casa/pdf/paper110.pdf Crooks, A., Castle, C, & Batty, M. (2007). Key Challenges in Agent-Based Modeling for Geo-Spatial Simulation. Center for Advanced Spatial Analysis (University College London): Working Paper 121. London. Available at http://bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/casa/pdf/paper121.pdf.http://bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/casa/pdf/paper121.pdf Gimblett, H. Randy (Ed.) (2002). Integrating Geographic Information Systems and Agent-Based Modeling Techniques for Stimulating Social and Ecological Processes. Cary, NC: Ocford University Press. Jiang, Bin & Claramunt, Christophe (2002). Integration of Space Syntax into GIS: New Perspectives for Urban Morphology. Transactions in GIS, 6: 3, 295-309. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9671.00112. OSullivan, David (2008). Geographical Information Science: agent-based models. Progress in Human Geography 32: 4, 541-440. DOI: 10.1177/0309132507086879. Tang, Wenwu (2008). Simulating Complex Adaptive Geographic Systems: A Geographically Aware Intelligent Agent Approach. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 35: 4, 239-263. DOI: 10.1559/152304008786140551. Torrens, Paul (2012). Moving Agent Pedestrians Through Space and Time. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 102:1, 35-66. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2011.595658.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2011.595658 Turner, Alasdair (Ed.) (2007). Proceedings of Workshop on New Developments in Space Syntax software. 6 th International Space Syntax Symposium. Istanbul Technical University: Istanbul, Turkey. Available at http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/4109/1/4109.pdf.http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/4109/1/4109.pdf