A brief NREL overview
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Transcript of A brief NREL overview
NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
A brief NREL overview
for NRECA
by Robert A. (Bob) Hawsey Associate Laboratory Director for Renewable Electricity and End Use Systems
May 18, 2010
Innovation for Our Energy Future
Innovation for Our Energy Future
NREL is one of the U.S. Department of Energy’s 12 “large” national laboratories
Innovation for Our Energy Future
Alliance for Sustainable Energy—Partnering for Excellence
Innovation for Our Energy Future
Two Primary Lines of Innovation
Underpinned with ScienceSystems Biology Computational Science Photoconversion
From
Con
cept
to C
onsu
mer
• Renewable Fuels• Efficient and Flexible
Vehicles
Fuels
Biomass
Transportation
Hydrogen
• Renewable Electricity • Electric Systems Integration• Net-Zero Energy Buildings
Electricity
Solar
Wind
Geothermal
Buildings
Electricity
Ocean
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NREL FY2010 Program Funding Portfolio$390.8 million*
*EstimatedUpdated 5/13/10
Construction and Infrastructure = $65M
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Energy Efficiency in Buildings
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Building efficiency is a key towards reducing carbon emissions by 80%
Status U.S. Buildings:• 39% of primary energy• 71% of electricity• 38% of carbon emissions
DOE Goal:• Cost effective, marketable zero energy buildings
by 2025• Value of energy savings exceeds cost of energy
features on a cash flow basis
NREL Research Thrusts• Whole building systems integration of efficiency
and renewable features• Computerized building energy optimization tools• Advanced HVAC and envelope technologies• Building integrated PV• Solid-state (LED) lighting
Innovation for Our Energy Future
Energy Efficiency in Sustainable Transportation
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Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)
Status:• PHEV-only conversion
vehicles available• OEMS building prototypes• NREL PHEV Test Bed
Key Challenges• Energy storage – life and cost• Utility impacts• Vehicle cost• Recharging locations• Tailpipe emissions/cold starts• Cabin heating/cooling• ~33% put cars in garageNREL Research Thrusts
• Energy storage• Advanced power electronics• Vehicle ancillary loads reduction• Vehicle thermal management• Utility interconnection• Vehicle-to-grid
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Renewable Electricity Supply
Innovation for Our Energy Future
Wind is America’s most rapidly growing renewable electricity resource
Today’s Status in U.S.• >35,000 MW installed capacity• Cost 6-9¢/kWh at good wind sites*
DOE Cost Goals• 3.6¢/kWh, onshore at low wind sites by
2012• 7¢/kWh, offshore in shallow water by
2014
Long Term Potential20% of the nation’s electricity supply
See DOE’s “20% Wind Energy by 2030” report (May 2008)
* With no Production Tax CreditUpdated January 2010Sources: U.S. Department of Energy, American Wind Energy Association
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Multi-MW Turbines at the NWTC
Siemens 2.3 MW
DOE 1.5 MW DOE 1.5 MW GE Turbine:
• Model: GE 1.5SLE• Tower Height: 80 m• Rotor Diameter: 77 m• DOE owned; used for long-term research• Multi-year research plan in place• Turbine instrumentation in FY2010
Siemens 2.3 MW Turbine:
• Model: SWT-2.3-101• Tower Height: 80 m• Rotor Diameter: 101 m• Siemens owned and operated• Multi-year R&D CRADA; aerodynamics and rotor
performance
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• 2.5 MW Dynamometer– Commissioned 1999
– Steady use by industry
– Used in R&D activities
– Key facility for Gearbox
Reliability Collaborative
– Basic shaft load capability added
in FY2010
• Dynamometer Upgrade– $10M Recovery Act funding
– New 5 MW driveline
– Robust shaft loading system
– Commissioning in 2012
Drivetrain Testing
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• NWTC blade test facilities– Regular use by industry– Static and fatigue testing– Base for test technology
development
• Large Blade Test Facility– Supports 70+ m blades– Partnership between Mass CEC and
NREL– Key technical staff are NWTC
employees
• Resonant fatigue testing technology development
– Innovative new approaches– Reduce time for fatigue tests
Blade Testing
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• Modular blades and drivetrains• Advanced drivetrain configurations• Flexible downwind turbines• Active controls for load reduction• Superconducting direct drive
generators• Airborne wind power systems• Offshore wind cost reductions• Floating Offshore
Innovative New Technologies
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Solar – Photovoltaics and Concentrating Solar Thermal Power (CSP)
Status in U.S.
PV• ~1,100 MW installed capacity• Cost 16-32¢/kWh*
CSP• ~420 MW installed capacity• Cost 10-14¢/kWh*
Potential:
PV• 6-13 ¢/kWh by 2015• 6-15 ¢/kWh by 2030**
CSP8-11 ¢/kWh by 2015*7-11 ¢/kWh by 2030**
Sources: U.S. Department of Energy, IEAUpdated January 2010 * with 30% ITC ** with 10% ITC
Innovation for Our Energy Future
Solar Technology Research at NREL is broad-based
Technical Integration and Analysis Solar Resource Assessment Photovoltaics
– Predictive Solid StateTheory – Materials and High-Efficiency Devices– Advanced Manufacturing– Measurement and Characterization– Reliability
Concentrating Solar Power– Reflective Materials– Trough System Analysis
Market Transformation Support
Solar Energy Research Facility
Outdoor Test Facility
Solar Radiation Research Lab
Science & Technology Facility
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Geothermal
Today’s Status in U.S.• 2,800 MWe installed, 500 MWe new
contracts, 3000 MWe under development
• Cost 5-8¢/kWh with no PTC• Capacity factor typically > 90%, base
load power
DOE Cost Goals:• <5¢/kWh, for typical hydrothermal
sites • 5¢/kWh, for enhanced geothermal
systems with mature technology
Long Term Potential:• Recent MIT Analysis shows
potential for 100,000 MW installedEnhanced Geothermal Power systemsby 2050, cost-competitive with coal-powered generation
NREL Research Thrusts:• Analysis to define the technology path to
commercialization of Enhanced Geothermal Systems
• Low temperature conversion cycles• Better performing, lower cost components• Innovative materials
April 10, 2008
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Biofuels
Innovation for Our Energy Future
BiofuelsCurrent Biofuels Status in U.S.Biodiesel – 171 companies; 2.2 billion gallons/yr capacity1Corn ethanol
• 174 commercial plants2• 10.8 billion gal/yr. capacity2• Additional 2.4 billion gal/yr planned or under construction
Cellulosic ethanol (current technology)• Projected commercial cost ~$3.50/gge
Key DOE Goals• 2012 goal: cellulosic ethanol $1.33/ETOH gallon or ~$1.99/gge• 2022 goal: 36B gal Renewable Fuel; 21B gal “Advanced Renewable
Fuel”– 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act• 2030 goal: 60 billion gal ethanol (30% of 2004 gasoline)
NREL Research Thrusts• The biorefinery and cellulosic ethanol • Solutions to under-utilized waste residues• Energy crops• New biofuels
Updated February 2009Sources: 1- National Biodiesel Board2 - Renewable Fuels Association, all other information based on DOE and USDA sources
Innovation for Our Energy Future
NREL’s leading energy analysis competencies inform our electricity and renewables RD&D portfolio
Strategic Planning and Decision Support
• Policy and market expertise• Integrated, technology neutral, analysis• Portfolio of decision support tools
Geospatial Analytics and Visualization
• EE & RE data visualization• Geospatial analytics linked to efficiency and renewables project and policy decisions
EERE Modeling
• Unique EERE models and expertise• Ability to influence EERE characterization in other modeling efforts
Technology Assessment
• Lifecycle Assessment• Technology Characterization
National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future
New integration and transmission studies led by NREL and partners are the seeds for further renewable electricity integration research with the 3 interconnection regions
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National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future
NREL’s strategy for wind will be informed by the Renewable Electricity Futures Study
Purpose: Examine high penetration scenarios for renewable energy to more fully understand the limits (technical, economic, environmental, and policy constraints) in rapidly scaling up to address national energy and climate challenges.
Builds on Other NREL-Led Studieso Eastern and Western Interconnect Studieso 20% Wind Scenario Report and 30% Solar
Vision Study
Status: o 2nd review meeting held with Federal
sponsors, steering committee, and technical review panel
o March meeting held with utility executives/30 participants
o Draft Report: May 2010
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Electricity Delivery & Renewables Integration
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Smart Grid Activities at NREL
• Development of Interoperability Standards (IEEE P2030)
• R&D to Enable High Penetration of Renewables and Distributed Generation (Grid Integration)
• Advanced Distribution System Operations (Microgrids)
• Allow dispatchable load and storage (Vehicle-to-Grid Interconnection Testing)
• Development of Conformance Test Protocol for Smart Grid Technologies
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NREL is Engaged with Utilities Across the USA in Smart Grid / Vehicle-to-Grid RD&D
Innovation for Our Energy Future
NREL leads technology deployment programs
Integrated Deployment (states and municipalities)
“…the Department of Energy will help Hawaii lead America in utilizing clean, renewable energy technologies.” Governor Lingle
Weatherization
Federal Energy ManagementProgram
Innovation for Our Energy Future
NREL has ~2,000 talented staff, with a track record of accomplishment, who are passionate about delivering the President’s energy efficiency and renewable energy objectives.
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