A Breakthrough in Strategic Planning

7/30/2019 A Breakthrough in Strategic Planning

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H

K[MHJUL[A]CL

fgYU[HUMCFI

^DHGGFGC

[ag UhkhilgfijUlm Sa{dey Oa{mbayuYu{humcfi Ohifdfuhua{


3/171

Ia~v{fclu ;>> ' F o a} h{m fgum{myumefg ia{~a{hum!yu{h umcfi ~dhggfgc a} ihg {mhe o{ab ulmbfeedm ao ~hcm 5> ua ulm mge'

[ag UhkhilgfijYu{h umcfi Ohi f d f uh ua{


6/171

OA[MSA[E 8

Baem{g dfom lhy kmiabm oh{ uaa iab~dm|' Sm gmme lmd~ ua bhghcmhge moomiufvmd {me}im ulm iab~dm|fu sm iagufg}a}yd ohim' Ulfy kaaj~{avfemy a} sful ulm ymi{mu hge ulm uaady gmmeme ua ia~m sful ulmehfd iab~dm|fu fg k}yfgmyy hge fg a}{ ~m{yaghd dfom' Fu uhdjy ao hk{mhjul{a}cl fg yu{humcfi ~dhggfgc$ h {hulm{ kade hyym{ufag' Ulmk{mhjul{a}cl lhy ua ea sful las ua h~~d ulm emiab~dm|fofgc uaad

emyi{fkme lm{mfg$ ua a}{ a{chgfphufag hy smdd hy ua a}{ ~m{yaghd dfom'Ulm cahd fy ua mghkdm a} ua y}kyuhgufhdd$ hge moomiufvmd {me}im ulmiab~dm|fu fg a}{ dfom'

Ulm lfyua{ hge em{fvhufag ao ulm sa{e yu{humc {mdhum ua bfdfuh{~dhggfgc$ slm{m yu{humcfi ~dhggfgc shy ka{g' Ua {me}im ulmiab~dm|fu fg a}{ k}yfgmyy hge ~m{yaghd dfvmy embhgey ulm h~~dfihufagao ~dhggfgc yu{humcfihdd' Slhu umilgfx}my h~~d1 Aulm{ ulhg [agy F

jgas ao ga umilgfx}m ulhu ihg km moomiufvmd }yme ua emiab~dm|fokaul ia{~a{hum hge ~m{yaghd ~dhggfgc' M|hb~dmy hka}ge fg ulm ~hcmyulhu oaddas'

Ulm{m h{m usa smdd"jgasg ~l{hymy fg ulm ymdo"lmd~ bavmbmgu0

8& Va} hdagm ihg ea fu k}u$ a} ihgu ea fu hdagm ,a} gmme hiahil&$ hge

;& Lmd~fgc a} lmd~y bm ,ulm iahil cmuy yabmulfgc a}u ao fuuaa&'

[agy kaaj ~{avfemy a} sful ulm {mx}fyfum iahilfgc uaady ulhu ihglmd~ a} lmd~ a}{ymdvmy hy smdd hy aulm{y kaul ~{aomyyfaghdd hge~m{yaghdd'


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U{ fu( Fgvmyufchum oa{ a}{ymdvmy ulhu a} ihg gas lmd~ aulm{y ua{me}im ulm iab~dm|fu fg ulmf{ ~m{yaghd hge k}yfgmyy dfvm hge ^h FuOa{sh{e'

S{fum [ag hge umdd lfb ao a}{ m|~m{fmgimy'

[mhe ag$ mg`a ~dhggfgc yu{humcfihdd hge ea gau jmm~ ulm ymi{mu hymi{mu' ^hyy fu ag ua ulaym a} jgas$ hge ua ulaym a} davm'

Mg`a a}{ yfb~dm{ dfom(

Ehvfe H' Uhdkau$ ^' Mgc'


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OA[MSH[E ;

Bhjfgc Ulm Fb~ayyfkdm Lh~~mg

F kmdfmvm ulhu ulfy ghufag yla}de iabbfu fuymdo ua hilfmvfgc ulmcahd$ kmoa{m ulfy emihem fy a}u$ ao dhgefgc h bhg ag ulm baaghge {mu}{gfgc lfb yhomd ua ulm Mh{ul'

^{myfemgu @alg O' Jmggme$ Bh ;= 86?8

I{mhufgc h vfyfag ulhu camy kmage a}{ dfom iaggmiuy a}{ ~{mymguhiufagy gau agd sful i}{{mgu k}u hdya o}u}{m cmgm{hufagy' Va}{ vfyfagihg km h ya}{im ao ia}{hcm ulhu mgm{cfpmy hge baufvhumy a} uaiagufg}m ua bavm oa{sh{e' I{mhufgc h vfyfag ao h iab~mddfgc kfccm{o}u}{m ulmg daajfgc khijsh{e sfdd ~{avfem a} sful ulm mgm{c$ oai}yhge idh{fu ua bhjm emifyfagy' Ulm{m fy ga y}il ulfgc hy ohfd}{m: ulm{mh{m agd hiufagy hge {my}duy'

Ulm {my}duy ao a}{ H}ulmgufi Dmhem{ylf~ fg emvmda~fgc ~dhggfgcyu{humcfmy sfdd km }gem{yuaae hge lhvm fuy c{mhumyu fb~hiu agcmgm{hufagy mu ua km ka{g' C{mhu dmhem{y y}il hy Hk{hlhb Dfgiadg$@alg O' Jmggme$ Ufcm{ Saaey$ Shdu Efygm$ Ulabhy Mefyag$ Bh{ufgD}ulm{ Jfgc$ A~{hl Sfgo{m hge Kh{hij Akhbhlhvm hdshy jgasgulfy u{}ul'

[ag Uhkhilgfijy kaaj$ H K{mhjul{a}cl Fg Yu{humcfi ^dhggfgc$ fy h{mhd k{mhjul{a}cl oai}yme ag hiufagy hge {my}duy' Lfy idfmguy h{mkmuum{ hkdm ua iaggmiu sful ulmf{ vfyfag hge ulm {ahe }~ag slfil ulmh{m u{hvmddfgc' Ulm kaul }gem{yuhge hge ommd h c{mhum{ ymgym ao}{cmgi ua uhjm hiufag hge hilfmvm ulmf{ emyf{me {my}duy' Ulfy idh{fu{m"mgoa{imy ulmf{ sh ao kmfgc h}ulmgufi slfil huu{hiuy aulm{y ua hylh{me o}u}{m ulhu fy ga dagcm{ fb~ayyfkdm'


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[ag lhy lmd~me b Bhyum{ ao K}yfgmyy Dmhem{ylf~ iahilfgc idfmguyi{mhum ulmf{ vfyfag hge ulm yu{humcfi ~dhg ua kmuum{ {my}duy' A}{iabkfgme ym{vfim lhy ~{avmg ua km vm{ iab~dmbmguh{ dmhefgc uaygm{cfyufi {my}duy' [ag fy kaul h k}yfgmyy ~h{ugm{ hge b o{fmge'

Uacmulm{ sm h{m lmd~fgc a}{ idfmguy bhjm ulm fb~ayyfkdm lh~~mg'

^lfd @algyag$ BKD Iahil$ H}ula{$ Y~mhjm{

^l'E' H}ulmgufi Dmhem{ylf~

BKDIahilNBhyum{aoK}yfgmyyDmhem{ylf~'iab

sss'Bhyum{aoK}yfgmyyDmhem{ylf~'iab


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IAGUMGUY

FGU[AE]IUFAG UA0H K[MHJUL[A]CLFG YU[HUMCFI DHGGFGC ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 8

ILHÛM[ 8

SLV ^DHG1 ^DHGGFGC ULM ^DHG ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?ILHÛM[ ;ULM OF[YU YUM^ SLM[M UA KMCFG1 ''''''''''''''''''''''' 98

ILHÛM[ 9HIUFAG( '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ==

ILHÛM[ 5

]YFGC H OHIFDFUHUA[ '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?6

ILHÛM[ =DFCLUY$ HIUFAG$ IADDHKA[HUFAG '''''''''''''''''''''''' 8>=

ILHÛM[ ?DMUUFGC FU LH^^MG '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 89>

HIJGASDMECMBMGUY''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 85>

^[HFYM OA[ ULM DHG '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 855

[MYMH[IL [MYA][IMY ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 856

GAUMY / FGEM\ ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 8=8

HKA]U ULM H]ULA[ ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 8=3


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FGU[AE]IUFAG UA0

H K[MHJUL[A]CL

FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

agc{hu}dhufagy( Va} lhvm ilaymg ua }ym HK[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC ua ~dhghge a{chgfpm mvm{ulfgc o{ab {myu{}iu}{fgc a}{iab~hg ua emyfcgfgc h k{ail}{m$ o{ab ~dhggfgc hg

fb~a{uhgu mvmgu ua {ma{chgfpfgc a}{ idaymu' Va} jgas ulhua~~a{u}gfufmy hka}ge$ fo a} ia}de `}yu ofge ulm ufbm hgeulm sh$ hge ulhu yabm ilhddmgcmy lhvm ua km uhijdme lmheag'

Ulm u{a}kdm fy ulhu ~{a`miuy kfc hge ybhdd ihg ymmbavm{slmdbfgc a{ cmu dayu fg ulm id}uum{ ao ehfd dfom' Yu}efmyylas ulhu ua~ ia{~a{hum m|mi}ufvmy y~mge avm{ yf|u ~m{imguao ulmf{ ufbm ~}uufgc a}u of{my'8 Slhu ulfy bmhgy fy ulhuulm ohk}da}y gms ~{ae}iu ulhu shy y}~~ayme ua km dh}gilmeyf| baguly hca lhy bavme ua ulm khij ao ulm dfgm kmlfgekhe smhulm{$ ilhgcmy fg ~ma~dm a{ y}~~dfm{y hge `}yu hka}uhgulfgc mdym ulhu ehfd dfom ihg ulfgj ao ua em{hfd fu' Ulhu fysl a} gmme ua ~dhg x}fijd$ bhjfgc yum~y ag h idmh{ ~huluash{ey h vfyfkdm$ emyf{hkdm cahd'

I


13/171

; H K[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

Sm hdd lhvm ua ~dhg hdd ulm ufbm hge bayu ~ma~dmofge shy ua ia~m ulhu sa{j oa{ ulmb' Lasmvm{$ mvmg fo a}h{m h c{mhu ~dhggm{ sla fy bhghcfgc {mhdd smdd ag h ehfd

khyfy$ ulhu m|u{h ~{a`miu ulhu y}eemgd ~{mymguy fuymdo ihg kmfgia{~a{hume fgua a}{ dfom ba{m mhyfd hge moofifmgud sful hu{fme"hge"u{}m bmulae ao ~dhggfgc' Fgyumhe ao kmfgc ~}ylmefgua avm{dahe k ulm smeefgc ulhu lhy ua km ~dhggme hum|hb ufbm$ sful h oms la}{y ao ulm [U ~dhggfgc bmulaedmuy ihdd fu Ulm ^dhga} ihg iabm }~ sful ulm ~m{omiuyu{humc ua bhjm fu hdd sa{j'

Ulm ^dhg ulhu Bhem ulm Fb~ayyfkdm ^ayyfkdmfg Dmyy Ulhg h Eh

Ulm ^dhg sa{jme h bf{hidm oa{ bm ~m{yaghdd agmeh houm{ hka}u ofvm mh{y ao sfugmyyfgc fuy moomiufvmgmyyof{yu"lhge' Yfgim ulmg fu lhy kmiabm b ~hyyfag' F shysa{jfgc kmlfge ulm yimgmy sful Ulm ^dhgy i{mhua{$ EhvfeUhdkau$ slmg b of{yu ia}yfg [ayyf efme y}eemgd fgIhdfoa{gfh' F shy lmh{u"k{ajmg' Sm lhe c{asg }~ uacmulm{

hge lhe {mbhfgme idaym houm{ ylm bh{{fme hge bavme hsh'Oa{ ulaym ao }y fg Ua{agua sla sm{m }ghkdm ua huumge ulmo}gm{hd ulm oaddasfgc eh$ F shgume ua lade h yfb}duhgma}ybmba{fhd ym{vfim' F ihgu ea ulhu$ F yhfe ua bymdo' Slm{msa}de F mvmg kmcfg1

Sful Ehvfey ~dhggfgc bmulaey fg bfge$ F smgu uab iab~}um{ hge daheme ulm a}udfgfgc yaoush{m lm }yme fgohifdfuhufgc bmmufgcy' Fgyfem F shy ommdfgc avm{slmdbme k

ulm bfddfagy ao emuhfdy idhba{fgc oa{ b huumgufag hgeidfbkfgc ag ua~ ao mhil aulm{' Sla efe F lhvm ua iaguhiu1Las bhg ~ma~dm sa}de km iabfgc1 Slm{m ulm ym{vfimsa}de km lmde1 Slhu yla}de F yh1 Sla sfdd y~mhj1 Slhu foF oa{cmu yabmagm1 F ihgu ea ulfy' Fvm gmvm{ eagm hgulfgcdfjm fu kmoa{m' K}u F davme b ia}yfg' F shgu ua ea ulfy oa{lm{' Fdd km uaa }~ymu' Ulm{my gau mga}cl ufbm'

Ajh$ ydas easg lm{m$ [ag' Las eamy Ehvfe cmu h

{aab o}dd ao m|mi}ufvmy ua uhjm ulm of{yu yum~ ao ulmf{yu{humcfi ~dhg1 F kmchg sful ulm ~}{~aym' H' Ulm ~}{~aym fy ualade h bmba{fhd ym{vfim oa{ b ia}yfg smgu }~ ag ulm yi{mmg' F


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Fgu{ae}iufag 9

yuh{ume ua ihdb easg k}u ulm ofclu hbagc ulm ula}yhgey aoemuhfdy {hcme ag' Fe kmuum{ ul{as ulmb a}u ao b lmhe hgeagua yi{mmg slm{m F ihg jmm~ hg mm ag ulmb' Slmg F

yuh{ume dfyufgc ulmb ulm odms a}u ohyu hge o}{fa}yd$ k}ub}il ua b y}{~{fym ulm{m sm{m gau bfddfagy a{ ula}yhgeyk}u agd usmgu a{ ulf{u$ hge ulm efegu daaj hdd ulhu yih{'

Slhu h {mdfmo( Houm{ a{chgfpfgc ulmym akyuhidmy fguac{a}~y hge {hgjfgc ulmb$ F ia}de gas mgvfyfag ulmbmba{fhd ym{vfim ulhu sa}de kmgmofu a}{ ohbfd hge o{fmgey'Fgyumhe ao sa{{fgc hka}u ulm idaij ufijfgc$ F fbhcfgmebymdo ommdfgc sagem{o}d hy F dmou ulm ym{vfim ulhu lhe kmmg h

l}cm y}iimyy' Sa{jfgc khij o{ab ulm o}u}{m hy fo fu lhehd{mhe uhjmg ~dhim$ F dfyume mvm{ulfgc ulhu lhe bhem fu hlmhdfgc$ bmba{hkdm aiihyfag' Ulm daihufag hge ulm ufbm aoeh sm{m ~m{omiu' Ulm bhyum{ ao im{mbagfmy shy mgchcfgc' F{mimfvme h dau ao lmd~' Ulm y~mmilmy hge aulm{ iagu{fk}ufagysm{m fgy~f{fgc' Mvm{agm omdu uhjmg ih{m ao' F fbhcfgme ulhub ia}yfg sa}de lhvm kmmg ~{a}e ao bm'

Gas fu shy ufbm oa{ hiufag' Ula}cl F lhe ymmg

aulm{y cmu easg ua yum~"k"yum~ ~dhggfgc$ F shy ~m{yaghddhbhpme hu las mhyfd hge ghu}{hdd ulm hiufagy ~{mymgumeulmbymdvmy' Ihdd b ia}yfg Hdkm{u hu 60>> fg ulm ba{gfgchge hyj lfb ua lhgedm ulm ym{vfim' Bhjm h dfyu ao mvm{agm uafgvfum' Hyj b k{aulm{ ua cmu fg ua}il sful ulmb' ^}u bgm~lms fg ilh{cm ao cmuufgc h ih{e hge lhvfgc mvm{agm yfcgfu' Yilme}dm ulm ym{vfim ya ulhu fu uhjmy hg la}{ hge mvm{agmsla shguy ua iagu{fk}um fy lmh{e'

Gmmedmyy ua yh$ ulm bmba{fhd ym{vfim shy h y}iimyyhge ulm{m shy vm{ dfuudm yu{myy fg bhjfgc fu lh~~mg' Ulmgaumy F lhe bhem sa{jme hge sm yu}ij ua ulm yilme}dm' Bk{aulm{ {mhe h ~amb lm lhe s{fuumg$ b ia}yfgygil{agfpme {mhefgc h dmuum{ ua lm{ dhum yfyum{ hu ulm yhbmufbm ulhu fu shy kmfgc {mhe hu ulm o}gm{hd fg Ihdfoa{gfh'Houm{sh{ey$ mvm{agm m|~{myyme ulmf{ c{hufu}em slfil bhembm vm{ lh~~' Ulm ~dhggfgc ~{aimyy bhem fu sa{j hge F

lhvm kmmg h u{}m kmdfmvm{ fg fu mvm{ yfgim'


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5 H K[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

Las ulm ^dhggfgc ^{aimyy Shy Mgcfgmm{me

Uhjm h ~{akdmb dfjm iago}yfag a{ h cahd ulhu ymmby

}ghuuhfghkdm' Cfvm fu ua hg mgcfgmm{ hge lm fy ka}ge ua }ymulm {fclu uaady ua iabm }~ sful hg moofifmgu$ yum~"k"yum~yad}ufag' Fg ulm 86y$ Yyumby Mgcfgmm{ Ehvfe Uhdkauemvmda~me Ulm K}yfgmyy L}eedmua oai}y ia{~a{hum m|mi}ufvmyag ~{ae}ifgc yu{humcfi ~dhgy x}fijd' Lfy uaady sm{m hiab~}um{$ hg avm{lmhe ~{a`miua{$ h yi{mmg$ a}udfgfgcyaoush{m oa{ dfyufgc hge bavfgc um|u h{a}ge mhyfd hge lfyymi{muh{y dfclugfgc"y~mme u~fgc' Ehvfey K}yfgmyy L}eedm

shy }yme ua ~dhg ia{~a{hum yu{humcfmy hge bh`a{ bm{cm{y$hge ua bh~ hiufag ~dhgy ulhu lhvm dme iab~hgfmy dh{cm hgeybhdd ua emofgm ulmf{ cahdy hge avm{iabm l}{edmy ua {mhilulmb'

Slhu Ehvfe efyiavm{me$ hge fgemme ulm y}iimyy aoulm ~{aimyy ua ulfy eh$ fy ulm ~asm{ ao ymmfgc a}{ sa{eyag ulm yi{mmg' F ymm slhu a} bmhg dfum{hdd' Va}{ula}cluy o{hbme hy sa{ey ulhu ihg km {mhe$ sfugmyyme hge

a{chgfpme fy ulm jm ua iabfgc }~ sful hg m|mi}uhkdm ~dhg'Va}{ femhy$ gas ymmg hy sa{ey ag ulm yi{mmg ihg kmbhghcme' Ulm ihg km bavme h{a}ge$ ~}u fgua ihumca{fmy$emdmume$ yla{umgme$ mdhka{hume hge bayu fb~a{uhgud$ hiume}~ag'

Ulm ^dhggfgc bmulae fuymdo lhy kmmg emvmda~me hgeheh~ume oa{ efoom{mgu yimgh{fay ul{a}cl mh{y ao m|~m{fmgim'Ulm ~dhggfgc umilgfx}my {mx}f{me k ulm ia{~a{hufag

daajfgc ua m|~hge avm{ ulm gm|u ofvm mh{y h{m efoom{mguo{ab ulaym ao ulm a}gc mgu{m~{mgm}{ dh}gilfgc lm{ ~}kdfi{mdhufagy k}yfgmyy' K}u {mch{edmyy ao ulm ~{aime}{m$ ulm khyfy{mbhfgy ulm yhbm0 hee{myy hdd ulm ilhddmgcmy a{ idmh{ ulmiago}yfag: mgvfyfag hge idmh{d yuhum ulm cahdy: hge ~dhga}{ ia}{ym ao hiufag agm"yum~ hu h ufbm'

H Gms Ih{mm{ Kmcfgy

[U ^dhggfgc Yu{humcfmy uaaj {aau hy b dfomy sa{jyla{ud houm{ ~dhggfgc b ia}yfgy bmba{fhd ym{vfim' F lhvmhdshy davme uhdjfgc sful ~ma~dm$ hge gas b sa{j kmlfgeulm yimgmy sful Ulm K}yfgmyy L}eedm shy hka}u ua dh}gil


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Fgu{ae}iufag =

bm fgua lmd~fgc ~ma~dm ~dhg' Y}{m mga}cl$ agm eh Ehvfeshy uaa yfij ua ohifdfuhum h ia{~a{hum ~dhggfgc bmmufgc' Hy fushy uaa dhum ua ihgimd$ F yum~~me fg hy ulm }gem{yu}e hge

lhvm gmvm{ daajme khij' Ul{a}cl ulm mh{y ao ohifdfuhufgcia{~a{hum bmmufgcy dh{cm hge ybhdd$ cavm{gbmgu ~adfibhjfgc$ sa{jfgc sful mgu{m~{mgm}{y ua yuh{u hge {}g ulmf{k}yfgmyymy hge lmd~fgc fgefvfe}hdy cmu bh{{fme$ {muf{m$ daajoa{ sa{j mui'$ F lhvm mg`ame mvm{ bfg}um ao fu'O}{ulm{ba{m$ F dmh{g yabmulfgc gms fg mhil hge mvm{~dhggfgc ymyyfag'

Fu fy sful ~dmhy}{m ulhu F ~hyy ag b jgas"las ua

a}' Oaddas b bmulae hge a} ihg ~dhg hge ~}dd aoohgulfgc a} ihg fbhcfgm'

[ag Uhkhilgfij

Yu{humcfi Ohifdfuhua{$ [U ^dhggfgc Yu{humcfmy Fgi'

]gufd agm fy iabbfuume$ ulm{m fy lmyfuhgi$ulm ilhgim ua e{hs khij' Hdshy fgmoomiufvmgmyy'

Iagim{gfgc hdd hiuy ao fgfufhufvm ,hge i{mhufag&ulm{m fy agm mdmbmguh{ u{}ul$ulm fcga{hgim ao slfil jfddy ia}gudmyy femhy hge y~dmgefe ~dhgy0ulhu ulm babmgu agm emofgfumd iabbfuy agmymdo$ulmg ~{avfemgim bavmy uaa'

Hdd ya{uy ao ulfgcy aii}{ ulhu sa}de gmvm{ aulm{sfym lhvm aii}{{me'

H sladm yu{mhb ao mvmguy fyy}my o{ab ulm emifyfag${hfyfgc fg agmy ohva{ hdd bhggm{ ao }goa{mymmg fgifemguy hgebmmufgcyhge bhum{fhd hyyfyuhgim slfil ga bhg ia}de lhvm e{mhbusa}de iabm lfy sh'

F lhvm dmh{gme h emm~ {my~miu oa{ agm ao Camulmy ia}~dmuy Slhumvm{ a} ihg ea a{ e{mhb a} ihg$ kmcfg fu'Kadegmyy lhy cmgf}y ~asm{ hge bhcfi fg fu'

S'L' B}{{h$ Ulm Yua{ ao Mvm{myu


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ILH^UM[ 8

SLV ^DHG1 ^DHGGFGC ULM ^DHG

as ulhu a} lhvm dmh{gme Ulm ^dhg khyfiy$ slhumdym ea a} gmme ua jgas fg a{em{ ua {mhil a}{cahdy hge bhgfomyu a}{ e{mhby1 Va} mgvfyfagslhu a} shgu ua hilfmvm$ dfyu hdd a}{ ilhddmgcmy

hge ~dhg a}{ hiufagy yum~ k yum~' Yfb~dm' Ulhgjy$ [ag'K}u lhgc ag h bfg}um' Va} jgas ulhu sm l}bhgy h{m ba{miab~dfihume ulhg ulhu' Ua x}aum K{fhg Jdmbbm{$ Fo Las"Uay Sm{m Mga}cl$ Sm Sa}de Hdd km Yjfgg$ [fil /

Lh~~'5 Fo ~dhggfgc sm{m yfb~dm$ hdialadfiy sa}de yua~e{fgjfgc$ ga agm sa}de ybajm hge ulm ia}{uy sa}de~{akhkd km mb~u' Ulm{m sa}de km ga ifu ~dhggm{y$smeefgc ~dhggm{y a{ iagy}duhguy ao hg jfge' Ulma{mufihdd$~dhggfgc fy mhy k}u cmuufgc easg ua fu uhjmy yabm jgas"las'

Iagyifa}y Ilhddmgcmy ua Ulm ^dhg

Yfgim F hb hevaihufgc Ulm ^dhg$ dmuy yuh{u ~}uufgc fuua }ym' Va} hd{mhe jgas ulhu femgufofgc ilhddmgcmy fy ulmof{yu iab~agmgu$ ya dmuy kmcfg sful ilhddmgcfgc Ulm ^dhgfuymdo' Aoodahefgc ilhddmgcmy idmh{y ulm sh oa{ ymuufgc cahdyhge uhjfgc hiufag'

Ya sl }ym Ulm ^dhg1 Dmuy ilhddmgcm fu lmhe ag'Yabm ~ma~dm umdd bm ulm ihg ~dhg ulmf{ sh oa{sh{e

ulmbymdvmy' Fo a} h{m hbagc ulmb$ ba{m ~asm{ ua a}'Va} lhvm h idmh{ bmguhd ~fiu}{m ao a}{ cahd hge a} jgaslas ua avm{iabm fyy}my fg a{em{ ua {mhil fu' Lasmvm{$ mvmgoa{ caae ~dhggm{y$ a~~a{u}gfufmy lfem kmlfge ulm id}uum{ ulhu

G


18/171

Slv ^dhg1 ^dhggfgc Ulm ^dhg 3

idhfby ulmf{ huumgufag mvm{ eh' ^dhgy oa{ bhghcfgc h gmsidfmgu sla }gm|~miumed yfcgme ag$ a{ oa{ a{chgfpfgc ulhuhggfvm{yh{ ~h{u$ umge ua cmu h dfuudm lhp hbfeyu a}{

hd{mhe k}y dfom'Fg b m|~m{fmgim$ h dau ao ~ma~dm ofge fu lh{e ua

bavm o{ab ~afgu H ua ~afgu K' Uaa bhg fyy}my hge}gm|~miume mvmguy i{a~ }~' Ulm{m fy uaa b}il {myfyuhgim'Sm ommd yu}ij fg h {}u' Slhu fy fu hka}u ulm l}b~y hgek}b~y fg dfom ulhu iab~dfihum ulfgcy1 Ulm ^dhg lmd~y a}i{mhum a}{ ~m{yaghd {ahe bh~' Fu i}uy ulm id}uum{: dmuy a}dh a}{ iagim{gy ag ulm uhkdm hge lmd~y a} y}bbag mvm{

fb~a{uhgu ohiu hu a}{ efy~ayhd' Idfmguy lhvm }yme Ulm ^dhgua lmd~ a{chgfpm h yfgcdm hy~miu ao ulmf{ dfvmy$ a{ ua ~dhg ulmf{sh ul{a}cl h l}cm ilhddmgcm$ dagc"um{b ~dhg a{ mvmgu'

Gmvm{ulmdmyy$ lm{m fy h dfyu ao ulm bayu iabbagilhddmgcmy ua Ulm ^dhg ulhu F lmh{'

Dfyuy Ulm Sa{j @}yu Ofgm

^dhggfgc fy mhy' F bhjm dfyuy' F bhjm h dfyu k}uulmg F eagu mvmg gmme ua uhjm fu sful bm' @}yu bhjfgc ulmdfyu a{chgfpmy bm' Dfyuy " Fb hdd oa{ ulmb' Ulhuy slhu smea fg Ulm ^dhg' Sm bhjm dfyuy'

Ulm dfyu ulhu a} s{fum easg ag h ~fmim ao ~h~m{ fy hcaae kmcfggfgc' Oa{ ~dhggfgc Ulhgjycfvfgc efggm{$ a} ihgbhjm h c{aim{ dfyu$ h sfgm dfyu$ h c}myu dfyu hge h ua"ea dfyu'Oa{ lf{fgc h gms mb~damm$ a} ihg bhjm dfyuy ao ~{ay~miuy$ulmf{ e}ufmy$ hvhfdhkdm h~~afgubmgu ufbmy$ yjfddy {mx}f{me$mx}f~bmgu hge y~him ulm sfdd gmme' Fy ulhu mvm{ulfgc1Slm{m ea a} jmm~ ulmym dfyuy1 Las mhy h{m ulm uailhgcm1 Ea a} gmme lmd~1 Ea a} bhjm ulmym dfyuy slmga} h{m {mdh|me hge oai}yme a{ slfdm ulm ~lagm fy {fgcfgchge a} h{m ommdfgc avm{slmdbme1

Oa{ {mdhufvmd yfb~dm ~dhgy y}il hy ulmym$ c{asfgchge ilhgcfgc dfyuy h{m bhghcmhkdm' Lasmvm{$ Ulm ^dhg uhjmyfuy dfyuy ua ulm gm|u dmvmd$ kmage ulm c{aim{ dfyu hge ulm odf~ilh{u' Va}{ dfyuy cmu ihumca{fpme hge ~{fa{fufpme' K ymmfgculmb ag h yi{mmg hge oai}yfgc ag ulmb$ a} ih~u}{m hdd ulmemuhfdy hge fg bayu ihymy iabm }~ sful yabm c{mhu gms


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20/171


~dhim$ slfil o{}fuy hge vmcmuhkdmy h{m fg ymhyag hge slm{mua ofge ulm y~miuhi}dh{ shum{ohddy' Ba{mavm{$ fg ulmf{~lauac{h~ly ulm daaj dfjm ~dho}d ilfde{mg sfula}u h ih{m fg

ulm sa{de' Fg agm ~fiu}{m$ ulm h{m bm{{fd smhvfgc ul{a}clu{hoofi ag h ba~me fg Ihbkaefh' Ulm K{hpfd hdk}b omhu}{myulmb lhgcfgc a}u sful ulm daihdy$ mfulm{ fg iho a{ ~dhfgcb}yfi' Fg Ilfgh$ sm ymm ulmb hu ulm ua~ ao h ba}guhfg ulmlhvm idfbkme a{ iaajfgc ulm ofyl ulm lhvm ih}clu avm{ hga~mg of{m' Ulm idhfb ulhu ulmf{ hiimyy ua ulm sa{de fy hef{miu {my}du ao ih{mo}d ~dhggfgc'

Gas$ fo a} h{m ulm y~aguhgma}y u~m$ a} bh

ulfgj ~dhggfgc ya}gey jfge ao ka{fgc' Sl gau `}yu ~fij }~hge ca1 Fygu ulm o}g ao hevmgu}{m fg ulm }gm|~miume1 Ehvfeybfdmy hu ulfy y}ccmyufag' Lm m|~dhfgy ulhu ulm {mhdfu aou{hvmd fy h dau ao sa{j' Fo a} ohfd ua ~dhg hlmhe$ a} `}yu bhofge a}{ ~{mifa}y vhihufag ufbm mvh~a{hufgc slfdm a} daajoa{ hiiabbaehufag hge hiim~uhkdm ~dhimy ua mhu' U{fgcemy~m{humd ua iabb}gfihum$ ofgefgc ~dhimy idayme a{i{aseme$ cmuufgc yfij$ hge emhdfgc sful ulm }gm|~miume bh

gau km ulm fg ulm babmgu m|~m{fmgimy a} lhe fg bfge'

Fb uaa k}y'F eagu lhvm mga}cl ufbm ua ea Ulm ^dhg'

Ulfy fy ~{mifymd slmg a} yla}de}ym Ulm ^dhg' Lhvma} mvm{ kmmg fg ulhu yuhum ao avm{slmdb hge oa}gea}{ymdo uhjfgc h dagc i}u kmih}ym a} omdu a} efegu lhvmufbm ua yua~ dagc mga}cl ua ~}u h yla{u i}u fg ~dhim1 Smvmhdd eagm fu' Oa{ m|hb~dm$ slmg a} h{m }yfgc h gms yaoush{m~{ac{hb ua ~}b~ a}u h dmuum{ a{ y~{mheylmmu$ ea a} yua~ uaymh{il ulm lmd~ yi{mmg oa{ h yla{ui}u a{ ea a} iagufg}meafgc ulfgcy ulm dagc sh h{a}ge1 Slmg layufgc hg mvmgu$fo a} ilfddme oa{ h babmgu ua aoodahe yabm ao ulm emuhfdy uah sfddfgc lmd~m{ a} sa}de km oh{ulm{ hlmhe' Va} jgas ulhu'Vmu a}{ yu{myy bhjmy a} ~{myy ag eafgc fu hdd a}{ymdo'

Agm yhe m|hb~dm fy ulm ~{mymgum{ fg h bmmufgcs{fufgc o{hgufihdd ag odf~ ilh{uy$ jgasfgc ulhu ulm ihggauilhgcm ulmb sfula}u bhjfgc h bmyy hge ulhu aulm{y bhgau km hkdm ua {mhe ulmf{ lhges{fufgc' Vmu ulm iagufg}m ag$


21/171

8> H K[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

gau uhjfgc ufbm ua fb~dmbmgu ybh{um{ ilhgcmy' Sm }yma}udfgfgc yaoush{m ulhu hddasy }y ua bhjm ilhgcmy$ yhvm a}{sa{j ag ulm iab~}um{$ ilhgcm fu hchfg hge ~{a`miu fu agua h

yi{mmg oa{ mvm{agm ua {mhe' Mhy' K}u slmg sm h{m fg lfclcmh{$ sm e{fvm ag sfula}u yua~~fgc'

B ehfd hge smmjd ~dhgy sa{j smdd oa{ bm'Bfi{a~dhgy _m{y}y Bhi{a~dhgy'

Bfi{a~dhgy h{m slhu sm }ym ag h ehfd hge smmjdkhyfy' Sm k} c{aim{fmy$ ~fij }~ ulm e{ idmhgfgc$ cmuuacmulm{ sful o{fmgey$ ca ua sa{j$ ymm idfmguy$ ~h{mgu a}{

jfey$ ca ua ulm cb hge ya oa{ul' Ulmym h{m a}{ {a}ufgmy'Bhi{a~dhgy h{m a}{ kfccm{ ~dhgy a}uyfem ao ulm mvm{ehvhihufagy$ me}ihufag$ `ak ilhgcmy$ {muf{mbmgu ~dhgy$imdmk{hufagy mui' Bhi{a~dhgy {mx}f{m h efoom{mgu yu{humc$~h{ufi}dh{d fo ulm h{m cafgc ua cmu hdagc smdd sfulbfi{a~dhgy'

H yaifhd sa{jm{ o{fmge m|~dhfgy ulhu h ilhddmgcm oa{~ma~dm dfvfgc fg ~avm{u fy bhfguhfgfgc ulm hkfdfu ua ~dhg'

Slmg la~m camy a}u ulm eaa{$ ufbm odfmy a}u ulm sfgeas$ylm yhy'

Usa ao b idfmguy ao dfuudm bmhgy fdd}yu{hum lm{ ~afgu'Yfe fy h labmdmyy _fmu Ghb vmum{hg slaym aoofim fy ag ulmyu{mmu ia{gm{ fg o{agu ao b aoofim k}fdefgc' @hyag fy hiab~}um{ yifmgim yu}emgu o{ab h ybhdd ga{ulm{g uasg slahdya dfvmy ag vm{ dfuudm fgiabm' Yfe fy h bfi{a~dhggm{$ @hyagh bhi{a~dhggm{' Oa{ Yfe$ mhil eh fy ofddme sful ulm {mhiufvm

uhyjy ao ofgefgc oaae hge ylmdum{ oa{ lfbymdo hge lfy eacslfdm iagyuhgud emhdfgc sful lfy efyhkfdfu' H dagc"um{bvfyfag fy gau yabmulfgc Yfe ihg hooa{e' Ag ulm aulm{ mge aoulm yihdm$ @hyagy vfyfag ao ulm o}u}{m ih{mm{ hge dfomyudm ulhuhshfuy lfb fy slhu y}yuhfgy lfb' Fu bhjmy lfy khymbmguh~h{ubmgu$ ymiage"lhge idaulfgc hge bmhcm{ k}ecmu gauagd kmh{hkdm$ k}u hg hevmgu}{m$ slfil lm mbk{himy sfuli{mhufvfu hge mgul}yfhyb'


22/171


Bfi{a~dhgy aoumg lf`hij Bhi{a~dhgy hge vfim vm{yh'Ulm smeefgc ~dhgy lhvm ua km fgia{~a{hume fgua a}{ ehfddfom ga bhuum{ las o}dd fu fy$ hge mvmg ulm fgy~f{me h{ufyu

i{mhufgc h bhyum{~fmim lhy ua lhvm d}gil hge yh caaegfcluua ulm ilfde{mg' Fu fy h efoofi}du khdhgim oa{ hdd ao }y' Fg bvfms$ dfom fy 6> ~m{imgu bhfgumghgim$ dh{cmd {mhiufvm hge}g~{mefiuhkdm' M|mi}ufvmy {m~a{u ulhu ulm y~mge ?> ~m{imguao ulmf{ ufbm emhdfgc sful ulm }gm|~miume ulhu h{fymy mhileh' Ulfy fy dfom' Hy @alg Dmggag yhgc$ Dfom fy slhulh~~mgy ua a} slmg a}{m k}y bhjfgc aulm{ ~dhgy';Sful moomiufvm ~dhggfgc$ a}{ bfi{a hge bhi{a ~dhgy ihg

{}g ~h{hddmd fg lh{bag' Sfula}u fu$ ulm iaddfem$ `aijm oa{~ayfufag hge c{hk a}{ huumgufag dfjm hg }g{}d ~hij ao eacy'

[AG#Y ^DHG OA[ ILH^UM[ 8"AIUAKM[ 9

H' ILHDDMGCMY

8' [mhem{y eagu ymm sl ulm yla}de ~dhg'

;' [mhem{y eagu ymm ulm vhd}m fg Ulm ^dhg'

K' _FYFAGFu fy gas H~{fd$ yf| baguly dhum{'

8' F hb lh~~ ulhu [mhem{y ymm vhd}m fg ^dhggfgc'

;' F hb lh~~ ulhu [mhem{y h{m kmcfggfgc ua ymm lasmoomiufvm Ulm ^dhg ihg km'

I' HIUFAG ^DHG"9> EHVY

8' Dfyu iagyifa}y {mhyagy oa{ gau }yfgc Ulm ^dhg'h' Dfyuy sa{j ofgm'k' ^dhggfgc vm{y}y y~aguhgmfu'

e' I}{{mgu ehfd ~dhggfgc sa{jy ofgm'm' Fo fu#y ya efoofi}du ua yuh ag u{hij$ sl kaulm{1

,8& Bhjm h {mhdd c{mhu ihym }yfgc Bh{ylhijyefyiavm{ ao of{yu ihdmgeh{'

,;& Caae ~dhggfgc fgia{~a{humy iagyuhguhe`}yubmgu' m'c' baag dhgefgc'

;' Dfyu }giagyifa}y kh{{fm{y ua ~dhggfgc'h' Slmg ulm }giagyifa}y kmiabmy ilhaufi$ fu

{myfyuy bhjfgc a{em{ oa{ mbaufaghd {mhyagy'k' Ulm }giagyifa}y {mhiuy {hulm{ ulhg {mhyagy'

9' A}udfgm Hgghy ^m{yaghd ^dhggfgc Ymyyfag'


23/171

8; H K[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

Fo fu fy ya efoofi}du ua jmm~ h ~dhgag u{hij$ sl kaulm{1

^dhggfgc uhjmy yabm sa{j$ fuy u{}m' Bfi{a~dhgy ea

iab~dfihum bhi{a~dhgy' K}u agim a} lhvm dmh{gme las ua}ym Ulm ^dhg$ a} ihg hilfmvm hg cahd ulhu a} ihgfbhcfgm$ bhjfgc he`}yubmguy sful mhym hy a} ca' Fu fy bkmdfmo ulhu sm sa}de gau km mg`afgc ifvfdfphufag hy sm jgasfu uaeh sfula}u vfyfag hge ~dhggfgc' [filh{e Uh{ghy$ h}ula{aoIaybay hge ^yilmyhy ulhu ~dhggfgc fy slhu efoom{mgufhumybhg o{ab hdd aulm{ y~mifmy'9 Slfdm yabm kmmy hge yx}f{{mdybfclu efyhc{mm$ sm ihg iagimem ulhu sm lhvm iabm h dagc

sh ul{a}cl ~dhggfgc' Dmuy ca sh$ sh khij'

^dhggfgc hge ulm BaagH K{fmo Lfyua{

Fg 86?9 Hdm|hgem{ Bh{ylhij$ h}ula{ aoUlm [aauy aoIfvfdfphufag$ shy iabbfyyfagme k GHYH ua ~{ae}im hghiia}gu ao ulm umilgadacfihd hilfmvmbmguy ulhu lhe k{a}clul}bhg kmfgcy ua ulm ul{mylade ao dhgefgc h y~himi{hou agulm baag' Ula}cl lm hge lfy {mymh{ilm{y lhe efyiavm{mehgifmgu ihdmgeh{y$ h{ufohiuy hge uaady$ Bh{ylhij lhe h~{akdmb sful slhu lm ihddme ulm y}eemgdfmy' Y}eemgdulm{m sm{m ihvm ~hfgufgcy fg agm {mcfag$ y~mh{y o{abhgaulm{ m{h' Ihdmgeh{y$ s{fufgc hge ~da}cly m|fyume sfula}ubhg id}my hy ua slhu lhe dme ua ulmf{ i{mhufag' Yabmulfgcshy bfyyfgc'

Cafgc o}{ulm{ hge o}{ulm{ khij$ Bh{ylhjy x}myuofghdd dme lfb ua h ~fmim ao kagm sful mfclu gauilmy ih{vmeag fu' Ulfy shy fu0 h 9>$>>> mh{"ade {mia{e ao ulm ~lhymy aoulm baag shy ulm ya}{im ao bhulmbhufiy$ hyu{agab hgehc{fi}du}{m' O{ab ulm ul{mm"eh eh{j ao ulm baag$ lfy{mymh{il uade lfb$ ihbm hkyu{hiu ula}clu slm{m ~dhgy hgefemhy cmyuhume' Slm{m shy ulm baag1 Slmg sa}de ulm dfclu{mu}{g1 Ladefgc ulm fbhcm ao ulm o}dd baag slmg fu shy gauvfyfkdm dme ua oa{mula}clu' U{hijfgc ulm ~lhymy ao ulm baag~{abaume ia}gufgc$ femgufofgc ~huum{gy hge ~dhggfgchiufvfufmy slfil ia}de km ih{{fme a}u ag ulaym gfcluy slmgulm gfclu yj shy k{fclu'


24/171


Ulfy ~fmim ao kagm shy ~ayyfkd ulm a{fcfghd~dhggfgc efh{ oa{ oh{bm{y sla gaufime c{asul hgekmlhvfa{ ~huum{gy ao ~dhguy hge hgfbhdy iaggmiume ua ulm

~lhymy ao ulm baag' Sadvmy lasdme ag ulm o}dd baag$ymmey yasg ag ulm eh{j baag c{ms fgua kfccm{ ~dhguy'Ulm{m shy h l}gufgc ymhyag hge h ufbm ua ~{m~h{m oa{ fu: hufbm ua ~dhgu hge h ufbm ua lh{vmyu' Fu lhy kmmg mfclu"ofvmcmgm{hufagy kmusmmg Ehe cafgc ua sa{j sful h y~mh{ hgebhjfgc h jfddfgc fg ulm yuaij bh{jmu' Bhg ilhddmgcmy$vfyfagy hge hiufag ~dhgy lhvm cagm fgua bhjfgc a}{ sa{deslhu fu fy uaeh'

H _fyfag ao ulm Baag DhgefgcDmhey ua hg Hiufag ^dhg

Ag Bh ;=$ 86?8$ ]gfume Yuhumy ^{myfemgu @alg O'Jmggme chvm h y~mmil {my~agefgc ua ulm of{yu a{kfuhd odfcluk h l}bhg$ [}yyfhg iaybagh}u V}{f Chch{fg' Lm ~dmecmeua Iagc{myy ulhu ulm ]gfume Yuhumy sa}de ihuil }~' Lmiabbfuume ua dhgefgc h bhg ag ulm baag k 863> hge lm

hyjme oa{ hg m|u{h %8'3 kfddfag ua bhjm fu lh~~mg' Sful hvfyfag hge ulm kmcfggfgcy ao hg hiufag ~dhg$ Jmggmey cahdshy hilfmvme' Ag @}d ;6$ 86?6 Gmfd H{byu{agc$ hgHbm{fihg$ shdjme ag ulm baag'

^dhggfgc [mx}f{my Iagyuhgu He`}yubmgu

Ulm dmyyag ua km dmh{gme o{ab ulm hiu}hd of{yu baagvahcm fy ulhu ~dhggfgc {mx}f{my odm|fkfdfu' Sful h idmh{$

k{fclu uh{cmu hge ga u{hoofi ua sa{{ hka}u$ a} sa}de ulfgjulhu ulm odfclu ~hul o{ab mh{ul ua baag sa}de km h yu{hfcludfgm' Lasmvm{$ slhu yifmgufyuy oa}ge shy ulhu ulm y~himi{houH~adda shy aoo ia}{ym gfgmu"ymvmg ~m{imgu ao ulm ufbm' Fulhe ua uhij dfjm h yhfdkahu ihuilfgc ulm sfge$ iagyuhgudvmm{fgc aoo hge he`}yufgc khij ua fuy ia}{ym' O}{ulm{ba{m$sful fuy uh{cmu hdya bavfgc x}fijd$ slmg ulm H~adda cauidaym ua ulm baag fu lhe ua if{idm fu h oms ufbmy hge

{m~ayfufag fuymdo kmoa{m dhgefgc' Ulfy fy slhu sm ea hdd ulmufbm slmg sm ~dhg' Sm iagyuhgud lhvm ua he`}yu hge


25/171


@ALG O' JMGGMEVY BAAG DHGEFGC ^DHG8BHV?8

H' ULM _FYFAGFu fy 863>' F hb vm{ lh~~ kmih}ym

8' Ulm ]Y dhgeme h bhg ag ulm baag';' Ulm y~himi{hou hge ulm hyu{agh}uy {mu}{gme yhomdua Mh{ul'

9' Ulm ]Y cau ulm{m of{yu'

K' ILHDDMGCMY8' Bagm;' Umilgadac9' Ulm [}yyfhgy h{m sfggfgc ulm y~him {him'

I' HIUFAG ^DHG

8' Bhjm h y~mmil ua Iagc{myy'";=BHV?8h' Hyj oa{ hg m|u{h %8'3 kfddfag";=BHV?8;' Yuh{u u{hfgfgc hyu{agh}uy'";?BHV?89' Y~ ag ulm [}yyfhgy"AGCAFGC

{mhe`}yu hy ulfgcy ilhgcm' K}u fo sm yuh ag ia}{ym$ cahdy h{mhuuhfghkdm hge sm ea {mhil ulmb'

Slmulm{ a{ gau a} lhvm ~dhggme a}{ {ahe u{f~

o{ab agm iahyu ua ulm aulm{ a{ `}yu `}b~me fg ulm ih{ hgeyuh{ume e{fvfgc$ a} ihg agd ymm hka}u usa bfdmy fg o{agu aoa} hu hg cfvmg ufbm' ^dhggme a{ gau$ ulm emm{ `}b~fgc fgo{agu ao a}{ ih{$ ulm }gm|~miume ygas yua{b fg Ym~umbkm{a{ ulm dhgeydfem fg ulm [aijfmy fy cafgc ua oa{im a} ua bhjmhe`}yubmguy' Lasmvm{$ sfula}u h uf{m `hij$ smhulm{ {m~a{uy$bh~y a{ {mym{vhufagy$ a} {}g ulm {fyj ao emhdfgc sful fyy}myiagyuhgud' Ulfy fy }ggmimyyh{fd yu{myyo}d$ hge ulm aeey ao

{mhilfgc a}{ emyufghufag ag ufbm h{m ~{akhkd gau fg a}{ohva{' Ag ulm aulm{ lhge$ h ~dhg ulhu lhy h yu{}iu}{m ihgfgia{~a{hum ulmym y}{~{fymy sful mhym hge odm|fkfdfu'

]giagyifa}y Ilhddmgcmy ua Ulm ^dhg

Bhkm a}{ dfyuy hge odf~ilh{uy h{m sa{jfgc oa{ a}'C{mhu( F lhvm dfyumgme ua bhg ihymy avm{ ulm mh{y hchfgyu~dhggfgc fg cmgm{hd$ Ulm ^dhg y~mifofihdd a{ oa{ }yfgc h

efoom{mgu$ ~{mom{{me ~dhggfgc bmulae' I}{fa}yd$ ga agmsla lhy hiu}hdd }yme Ulm ^dhg fy hbagc fuy a~~agmguy'Ulfy lhy dme bm ua akym{vm ulhu {myfyuhgim ua ~dhggfgc fy


26/171

Slv ^dhg1 ^dhggfgc Ulm ^dhg 8=

aoumg }giagyifa}y hge ulhu kmiabfgc hsh{m ao ulm kdaijyia}de a~mg ulm eaa{ ua y}iimyyo}d ~dhggfgc'

Slmg F of{yu bmu Bfjm lm shy sa{jfgc hu h àk

slfil lm efe gau dfjm' Ilhgcmy fg iab~hg asgm{ylf~ lhefgi{mhyme ulm ~{myy}{m ua ~m{oa{b hge$ lm omdu$ ~afyagme ulmhubay~lm{m' Vmu Bfjm sa}de gau daaj oa{ h gms àk$ ga{sa}de lm oaddas }~ ag àk dmhey slmg ulm ~{mymgumeulmbymdvmy' Lfy {mhyagy$ slfil lm kmdfmvme sladmlmh{umed$sm{m vm{ iagvfgifgc' Ulm emvfd a} jgas fy kmuum{ ulhgulm emvfd a} eagu jgas' Sful a}gc jfey$ F ihgu {}g ulm{fyj ao h gms àk gau sa{jfgc a}u' Fuy gau ya khe'

^dhggfgc fy h shyum ao b ~{mifa}y ufbm'Hdh{bfgcd$ lm hdya efybfyyme hy cayyf~ hdd mvfemgim

ulhu ulm iab~hg shy cafgc ua km {myade hge {mdaihume$slfil sa}de dmhvm lfb a}u fg ulm iade' Fg ohiu$ fu shy gau}gufd ulfy lh~~mgme ulhu lm }yme Ulm ^dhg hge oa}ge hb}il kmuum{ àk'

Fo a} emidfgm yabmagmy àk aoom{ a{ k}yfgmyya~~a{u}gfu$ a} a}{ymdo bh kmdfmvm a}{ {mhyagy: ulhu fu fy

uaa {fyj$ ulhu a}{ i}{{mgu yfu}hufag fy gau ya khe a{ ulhua}{ ohbfd eamygu shgu ua bavm' K}u slhu fy {mhdd cafgcag1 Va} bh km avm{slmdbme k ulm }gjgasg$ k}u fo a}ul{ms yabm dfclu ag ulm eh{jgmyy a} ia}de bavm oa{sh{e'Va} bh gau lhvm hiimyy ua a}{ {myfyuhgim a}{ymdokmih}ym fu fy }giagyifa}y' Bhg ~yiladacfyuy idhfb ulhua}{ }giagyifa}y cmuy ulm ofghd yh fg a}{ emifyfag"bhjfgc:o{ab slfil uaaul~hyum a} k} ua emifefgc ag gm|u mh{y

k}yfgmyy ~dhg' Slfdm sm bh }ym hdd a}{ ~asm{y ao{mhyagfgc$ {mymh{il umddy }y ulhu }gkmjgasgyu ua }y$ a}{ofghd emifyfagy h{m mbaufaghd'

A{em{$ Ilhay hge [myfyuhgim

[myfyuhgim ua ~dhggfgc fy l}cm$ ~h{ufi}dh{d slmga} h{m ommdfgc avm{slmdbme " slfil fy slmg ~dhggfgc fybayu fb~a{uhgu' Ulm }giagyifa}y fy h byum{fa}y yuhum ao

bfge' Sm cmu cdfb~ymy ao fu' Sm jgas yabm ao fuyilh{hium{fyufiy' ^yilfhu{fyuy$ ^yiladacfyuy$ Ylhbhgy hge{mdfcfa}y ~{aomyyfaghdy y~mifhdfpm fg chfgfgc hiimyy ua fu'


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8? H K[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

^h{hea|fihdd$ ulm yua{bfm{ ulm shum{y ao ulm}giagyifa}y kmiabm$ ulm dmyy sm }gem{yuhge slhu fy cafgcag hge ulm ba{m c}h{eme sm kmiabm' Bhg buly {modmiu

ulfy iagefufag' Ulm{m fy u{a}kdm fg ulm dhge$ ulm lm{a ydhyulm e{hcag hge ~mhim {mfcgy agim hchfg' Hy ulm ~lfdaya~lm{O{fme{fil Gfmupyilm agim yhfe$ a}u ao a{em{ iabmy ilhayhge a}u ao ilhay iabmy a{em{' Ya sl ulm {myfyuhgim uabhjfgc a{em{ a}u ulm ilhay1 Bhkm kmih}ym sm omh{ilhgcm1 Fu fy hgkaey c}myy {mhdd' Ulm }giagyifa}y$ dfjmulm e{hcag$ {ah{y slmg fu fy efyu}{kme$ fu fy bhcfihd slmg fufy lh~~ hge fu eamygu cfvm }y h dau ao id}my hy ua slhu

bhjmy fu ufij'Ulm yua{ ao Ymegh kmiabfgc ulm ymh caeemyy$

imgu{hd ua ulm Fg}fu {mdfcfag hge i}du}{m$ fy hg hddmca{ aobhjfgc a{em{ a}u ao ilhay' Ulm{m h{m bhg vm{yfagy ao ulfyyua{ slfil fy uade ag dagc$ dagc sfgum{ gfcluy ul{a}cla}uulm H{iufi' Fg hdd vm{yfagy$ Ymegh fy h kmh}ufo}d a}gc bhfemgsla kmiabmy ulm baulm{ ao hdd ulm ymh i{mhu}{my hgeiagu{ady ulm hvhfdhkfdfu ua Fg}fu l}gum{y ao ymhdy$ shd{}ymy$

ofyl hge slhdmy'Hy ulm yua{ camy$ Ymegh dfvme lh~~fd hu labm sful

lm{ ~h{mguy slab ylm davme vm{ b}il' Lm{ ohulm{ shy hy}iimyyo}d l}gum{ hge ylm lhe hdd ulm o}{y hge oaae h cf{dia}de shgu' Fg ohiu$ ylm lhe fu ya caae ulhu ylm {mo}yme uabh{{ hg ao ulm y}fua{y sla ihbm ihddfgc' Ofghdd hlhgeyabm$ smdd"e{myyme l}gum{ ihbm hdagc hge lm{ ohulm{~m{y}heme lm{ ua bh{{ lfb' Aoo ulm smgu ua lfy labm'

Y}eemgd ulfgcy cau }cddfum{hdd' Fu u}{gme a}u lm{l}ykhge shy {mhdd h {hvmg ulhu dfvme fg h gmyu ag h kh{{mgfydhge hge efgme ag efyc}yufgc dfuudm ofyl' Ymegh shy gaulh~~ hge efe slhu hg cf{d sa}de ea' Ylm ul{ms h uhgu{}bhge yi{mhbme oa{ lm{ Ehee ua iabm hge uhjm lm{ labm'Lm{ ohulm{ lmh{e lm{ hge ihbm ~heedfgc ua lm{ hy ohyu lmia}de$ ommdfgc c}fdu ulhu lm lhe mgia}{hcme ulm bh{{fhcm'

Hy ulm sm{m myih~fgc fg lm{ ohulm{y jhhj$ ulm

{hvmg l}ykhge ih}clu ulmb$ ilh{cme ulm jhhj hge i{mhumeh l}cm h{iufi yua{b' Lm{m fu cmuy h dfuudm yjmuilfu hddlh~~mgme ya ohyu' Fu ymmby ulhu slfdm ulm ohulm{ shy ofclufgc


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sful lfy {hvmg yag"fg"dhs$ Ymegh omdd avm{kah{e' Ylm id}gcua ulm yfem ao ulm jhhj k}u lm{ ohulm{ shy fg y}il h ~hgfiulhu lm lfu lm{ ofgcm{y sful lfy ~heedm hge i}u ulmb aoo'

Ymegh ulmg yhgj ua ulm kauuab slm{m ylm kmihbm h~asm{o}d y~f{fu hge lm{ k{ajmg ofgcm{y kmihbm hdd ulm ymhi{mhu}{my'

H caeemyy sful ulm lmhe hge ua{ya ao h sabhg hgeulm uhfd ao h ofyl$ Ymeghy iab~hgfagy h{m ulm ymhdy$ slhdmyhge hdd ulm aulm{ ymh bhbbhdy' L}gum{y b}yu u{mhu lm{ sful{my~miu' Fo ulm eagu hge fo ~ma~dm kmlhvm khed$ ylm e{}by}~ vfadmgu yua{by$ lm{ lhf{ kmiabmy uhgcdme hge ylm

sfulladey hdd lm{ ymh i{mhu}{my' Fg a{em{ ua {mdmhym ulmb$ hYlhbhg b}yu ysfb easg hge iabk a}u lm{ lhf{' Ulmg ulmymhy ihdb hge ulm l}gum{y ihg ihuil oaae hchfg' Ua ulfy eh$ulm ulhgj Ymegh oa{ ulmf{ ihuil$ hge fg ;>>? hg hyum{afeshy ghbme fg lm{ laga{'

Ua b ;8yu imgu}{ Smyum{g bfge$ hu of{yu ulm{m sm{myabm efyiaggmiuy ua ulfy yua{' Lhvm a} mvm{ uade yabmagmhka}u h e{mhb a} lhe agd ua ofge ulhu fu shy gau dacfihd1

Ulmg$ yabmlas F shy yhvfgc b eh}clum{ k}u ulmg hyua{b hge h kf{e Slmg a} sajm }~$ ulm e{mhb ymmbme~m{omiud idmh{ k}u fg ulm umddfgc$ gaulfgc bhem ymgym'

Buly dfjm e{mhby iabm o{ab ulm }giagyifa}y ulhueamygu ymmb ua helm{m ua a}{ sa{ded iagyifa}y dacfi' FoYmeghy ohulm{ davme lm{ ya b}il$ sl efe lm ila~ aoo lm{ofgcm{y sful lfy ~heedm hge ymge lm{ ua lm{ shum{ c{hvm1Lhegu lm ymu a}u ua {myi}m lm{1 Ulm m|~dhghufag shy ulhu

lm shy ho{hfe$ ulm{m shy h yua{b$ ulm {hvmg shy lhyydfgclfb$ ilhay shy hbaj hge lm shy {mhiufgc fg ulm babmgu bfi{a~dhggfgc khed'

Ulm }giagyifa}y fy ulm ~h{u ao }y ulhu emofmy dacfik}u lhy h dau ao ~asm{' Fu jmm~y }y ybajfgc$ e{fgjfgc hgebhjfgc ~aa{ ilafimy hy smdd hy i{mhufgc bhyum{~fmimy$ uhjfgcdmh~y ao ohful hge eafgc ulm {fclu ulfgc hu ~{mifymd ulm {fcluufbm' Sfula}u yua~~fgc a}{ o{mgp ua hyj oa{ lmd~$ sm yuh{m

~hgfi"yu{fijmg fgua y~him hu ulm ula}clu ao ilhgcfgc `aky${hulm{ ulhg uhjfgc yum~y ua bhjm fu lh~~mg' Slmg ulmYlhbhg camy easg fgua ulm }giagyifa}y hge iabky


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8


30/171


H Gms K}yfgmyy Mbm{cmyo{ab ulm Hylmy ao Emy~hf{

Hggh ihbm oa{ h ~dhggfgc ymyyfag hu ulm }{cfgc aolm{ gfmim Y}yhg$ h o{fmge ao bfgm$ sla fgyfyume ulhu F sa}dekm hkdm ua lmd~ lm{ h}gu a}u ao lm{ emy~hf{' Fu shy h~~h{mguslmg Hggh shdjme fg ulhu ylm shy gau fg ulm dmhyuiagvfgime' B gfmim shy vm{ jfge ua ymge bm lm{m k}uo{hgjd$ F eagu ymm las a} ia}de lmd~' Ulm{m fy gaulfgculhu ihg km eagm hka}u b yfu}hufag'

Ulfy shy h ua}cl agm' Smdd$ ajh' K}u fuy hbfym{hkdm eh a}u ya sl eagu yuh oa{ h i}~ ao umh hge smihg uhdj' Ylm hc{mme'

Hy sm ilhuume hka}u lm{ gfmimy sa{j avm{ymhy hgeulm fgiagvmgfmgim ao hdd ulm iagyu{}iufag fg ulm ifu$ fu shyh~~h{mgu ulhu ulfy sabhg shy vm{ }glh~~' Ylm daajmem|lh}yume$ lm{ vafim shy h bagauagm hge ylm ymmbme ua kmih{{fgc ulm smfclu ao ulm sa{de ag lm{ yla}dem{y' B lmh{usmgu a}u ua lm{' Yfgim a}{m hd{mhe lm{m$ F y}ccmyume$sa}de a} dfjm ua ymm las Ulm ^dhg sa{jy1

[mhdd$ ulm{m fy gau b}il ulhu ihg km eagm$ ylm{m~mhume' Sm ~h}yme' F shygu cafgc ua ~}yl' K}u ajh'Y}yhg shy jfge mga}cl ua ymu ulfy }~' Fdd ea fu oa{ lm{'

]gdahefgc ulm Ilhddmgcmy hge Fyy}my

Sful ulm iab~}um{$ yi{mmg hge ~{a`miua{ ymu }~ hgeb umilgac{h~lm{ {mhe ua {mia{e$ sm kmchg' Hgghy fyy}mymbm{cme ydasd hu of{yu$ ~}giu}hume k bhg yfcly' F {muf{meyf| baguly hca' ^h}ym' Ulm{m fygu b}il ua umdd'

F hyjme lm{ hka}u lm{ ih{mm{' Ylm lhe kmmg h g}{ymsla lhe sa{jme lm{ sh }~ fgua bhghcmbmgu hgehebfgfyu{hufag slfdm yufdd hiufvmd g}{yfgc ~hufmguy' Ylm lhekmmg y~mifhdfpme$ davme lm{ sa{j hge omdu ulhu lm{ ih{mm{ lhekmmg h y}iimyy' Hge hu ulm babmgu$ slhu sa}de a} yh fya}{ bhfg ilhddmgcm ua kmfgc {muf{me1 F hyjme'

F eagu dfjm fu' F hb ka{me hge F ommd }ymdmyy' Agimsm lhe ih~u}{me agm fyy}m$ aulm{y kmchg ua odas ba{mo{mmd'


31/171

;> H K[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

HGGH#Y ^DHGGFGC YU[HUMCV

H' ILHDDMGCMY

8' F {muf{me yf| baguly hca hge F eagu dfjm fu';' F hb ka{me'9' F ommd }ymdmyy'5' F y~mge bayu ao b ehy uhjfgc ih{m ao b l}ykhge'=' B yum~ilfde{mg {h{md vfyfu ulmf{ ohulm{'?' B yum~ilfde{mg ea gau lmd~ bm sful b l}ykhge mvmg

slmg F hyj ulmb ua'3' Ulm yuhoo hu ulm g}{yfgc labm fy fgiab~mumgu'' Gau agd ea F lhvm ua shuil a}u oa{ b l}ykhge$ kmih}ym F

shy h g}{ym F lhvm ua daaj a}u oa{ ulm aulm{ ~hufmguy'88' F lhvm ua {}g fgum{om{mgim kmusmmg ulm aulm{ ~hufmguy#

ohbfdfmy hge ulm yuhoo hge eaiua{y'h' F fgum{~{mu oa{ h ^adfyl ia}~dm'k' F jmm~ hg mm ag h ~hufmgu slaym ohbfd dfvmy a}u ao

uasg hge ihgu vfyfu gas slmg ylm fy yfij'

8;' B ilfde{mg dfvm oh{ hsh hge F bfyy ulmb'h' Kmih}ym F hb dfvfgc ag h ~mgyfag$ F ihg#u vfyfu b

eh}clum{ hy aoumg hy F sa}de dfjm'k' B akdfchufagy ua b l}ykhge bhjm fu efoofi}du oa{ bm

ua cmu hsh'89' Kmih}ym b c{hgeilfde{mg h{m vm{ a}gc$ fu fy efoofi}du oa{

b eh}clum{ ua u{hvmd ua ymm bm'85' F lhvm ga o{fmgey lm{m'8=' B o{fmgey sm{m ulm ~ma~dm F }yme ua sa{j sful'

h' B o{fmgey h{m uaa k}y sful sa{j ua yaifhdfpm'

k' Kmih}ym sm eag#u ymm mhil aulm{ hu sa{j mvm{ eh$a}{ o{fmgeylf~y lhvm oheme'i' F hb x}fum hgc{ sful b o{fmgey oa{ gau bhjfgc hg

mooa{u ua yuh fg ua}il sful bm'8?' F yfcgme }~ ua vad}gumm{ hu hg hdum{ghufvm lmhdul iaddmiufvm

k}u ulm gmvm{ iaguhiume bm'83' F davm cafgc ua ulm yb~lag k}u F lhvm ga agm ua ca sful'8


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Slv ^dhg1 ^dhggfgc Ulm ^dhg ;8

Hggh lhe aulm{ kfc iagim{gy' Lm{ l}ykhge$ lm{ymiage slab ylm lhe bh{{fme slmg ulmf{ ilfde{mg sm{mc{asg$ shy bhg mh{y lm{ ymgfa{ hge lhe emvmda~me

Hdplmfbm{y efymhym' Hdula}cl lm lhe kmmg bavme ua hg}{yfgc labm$ lm yufdd {mx}f{me h dau ao ih{m o{ab Hggh hgeylm y~mgu bayu ao lm{ ehy daajfgc houm{ lfb' Gas ulmfyy}my sm{m mbm{cfgc ohyu hge o}{fa}yd' Lm{ l}ykhgeyilfde{mg {h{md vfyfume lfb$ ga{ efe ulm lmd~ lm{ a}u fg hgsh mvmg slmg ylm hyjme' Ylm omdu ulhu ulm yuhoo hu ulm labmsm{m fgiab~mumgu hge ulhu ylm lhe ua bagfua{ lm{l}ykhgey ih{m iagyuhgud'

Hggh lhe kmiabm h vhd}hkdm {mya}{im ua ulm aulm{~hufmguy hge ulmf{ ohbfdfmy' Hy h oa{bm{ g}{ym$ ylm aoumg {hgfgum{om{mgim oa{ ulmb sful ulm yuhoo hge eaiua{y' Oa{m|hb~dm$ slmg h efyu{myyme sfom shy lhvfgc ga d}ij hdm{ufgculm yuhoo ua lm{ l}ykhgey iagyuhgu e{asyfgmyy$ ylm h~~mhdmeua Hggh$ sla emum{bfgme ulhu ulm ~hufmgu shy avm{bmefihume hge k{a}clu fu ua h eaiua{y huumgufag' H ohbfdsla dfvme fg hgaulm{ ifu hyjme Hggh fo ylm ia}de jmm~ hg

mm ag ulmf{ baulm{ sla lhe uhjmg h u}{g oa{ ulm sa{ym' HyHggh y~ajm bhg dhgc}hcmy$ mu hgaulm{ ia}~dm sla y~ajmagd ^adfyl lhe iabm ua em~mge ag lm{ ua fgum{~{mu oa{ulmb' Hggh m|~dhfgme ulmym yimgh{fay fg c{mhu emuhfd sful hbf|u}{m ao a}u{hcm hge iab~hyyfag'

Hgghy dfyu smgu ag' Ylm omdu dagmd' Ylm dfvmy fgIhgheh' Lm{ ilfde{mg hge a}gc c{hgeilfde{mg dfvme fg ulm]gfume Yuhumy' Ula}cl ylm bfyyme ulmb um{{fkd$ lm{

akdfchufagy bhem fu fb~ayyfkdm ua vfyfu ulmb hy aoumg hy ylmsfylme' Hy oa{ o{fmgey$ lm{ yaifhd dfom lhe {mvadvme h{a}gelm{ `ak hge gas ulhu ylm shy {muf{me$ lm{ o{fmgeylf~y lheesfgedme' Ylm davme ulm ulmhu{m hge ulm yb~lag k}u lhega agm ua ca sful' Mvm{agm fy uaa k}y sful sa{j' Ylmhdya iab~dhfgme ulhu ylm lhe yfcgme }~ ua vad}gumm{ hu hghdum{ghufvm lmhdul iaddmiufvm k}u hy ulm a{chgfphufag lhegmvm{ iaguhiume lm{$ ylm lhe cfvmg }~'

Hgulfgc mdym1 F hyjme' Ylm ~h}yme$ yfclme hgedaajme easg oa{ h bfg}um' Ulmg ylm smgu ag' Hggh lhe


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;; H K[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

HGGHY ILHDDMGCMY CMU IHUMCA[FPME

H' ILHDDMGCMY

8' [MUF[MBMGU

h' F {muf{me yf| baguly hca hge F eagu dfjm fu'k' F hb ka{me'i' F ommd }ymdmyy'e' F yfcgme }~ ua vad}gumm{ hu hg hdum{ghufvm lmhdul

iaddmiufvm k}u ulm gmvm{ ihddme bm'

;' BV L]YKHGEY IH[M

h' F y~mge bayu ao b ehy uhjfgc ih{m ao b l}ykhge'k' B yum~ ilfde{mg {h{md vfyfu ulmf{ ohulm{'i' B yum~ ilfde{mg ea gau lmd~ bm sful b l}ykhge

mvmg slmg F hyj ulmb ua'e' Ulm yuhoo hu ulm g}{yfgc labm fy fgiab~mumgu'm' F lhvm ua shuil mvm{ dfuudm ulfgc ulm ih{mcfvm{y ea

hge bhjm y}{m ulm h{mg#u bhjfgc bfyuhjmy'o' Fo F bfyy h eh hu ulm labm$ slmg F {mu}{g F ofge ulhu

b l}ykhge lhy gau kmmg ih{me oa{ ~{a~m{d'c' Gau agd ea F lhvm ua shuil a}u oa{ b l}ykhge$

kmih}ym F shy h g}{ym F lhvm ua daaj a}u oa{ ulmaulm{ ~hufmguy'

l' F lhvm ua {}g fgum{om{mgim kmusmmg ulm aulm{~hufmguy# ohbfdfmy hge ulm yuhoo hge eaiua{y'

9' BV ILFDE[MG

h' B ilfde{mg dfvm oh{ hsh hge F bfyy ulmb'k' Kmih}ym b c{hgeilfde{mg h{m vm{ a}gc$ fu fy

efoofi}du oa{ b eh}clum{ ua u{hvmd ua ymm bm'

5' YAIFHD DFOM

h' F sa}de dfjm ua vfyfu ohbfd hge o{fmgey fg M}{a~m ba{m

aoumg k}u bagm hge akdfchufagy ua b l}ykhge~{mvmgu fu'

k' F davm cafgc ua ulm yb~lag k}u F lhvm ga agm ua casful'

i' F lhvm ga o{fmgey lm{m'e' B o{fmgey sm{m ulm ~ma~dm F }yme ua sa{j sful'

=' ^M[YAGHD DFOM

h' H usa"mh{ dagc"efyuhgim {mdhufagylf~ sful h bhg Fc{ms }~ sful fg M}{a~m mgeme usa smmjy hca'


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c{asg }~ fg M}{a~m hge yufdd lhe bhg idaym ufmy sfulohbfd hge o{fmgey fg lm{ labm uasg' Ylm yhfe ulhu ylmsa}de dfjm ua vfyfu ba{m aoumg k}u bagm hge

{my~agyfkfdfufmy bhem fu efoofi}du'F hyjme slmg ylm lhe dhyu kmmg ulm{m' Hka}u ul{mm

baguly hca fg ulm y}bbm{' K}u' Ba{m yfcly' Ofghdd ylmihbm a}u sful fu' Ylm lhe `}yu kmmg e}b~me k lm{ of{yu"davm ysmmulmh{u$ sful slab ylm lhe {miaggmiume usa mh{ykmoa{m' Ulfy bhem lm{ vm{ yhe' Ylm m|~dhfgme ulhu lfy sfom$sla lhe gau kmmg smdd oa{ bhg mh{y$ lhe oa}ge a}u hka}uulmf{ {mdhufagylf~ hge ulm cmgudmbhg lhe eagm ulm

laga{hkdm ulfgc'Ulfy lhe hdya bhem lm{ {md}iuhgu ua ca labm ua

M}{a~m$ ula}cl lm{ idaym o{fmgey }{cme lm{ ua vfyfu ulmb'Hggh shy vm{ mbkh{{hyyme fg efyidayfgc ulfy' Ulm{my gaoaad dfjm hg ade oaad ulm yh' Ulmg ylm hiu}hdd ybfdme' Ylmuhdjme hka}u las c{mhu fu lhe kmmg cmuufgc uacmulm{ sful ulmka ylm lhe davme fg lfcl yilaad houm{ hdd ulmym mh{y' Ulmlhe ya b}il fg iabbag hge ulm mg`ame ya bhg ao ulm

yhbm fgum{myuy hge o{fmgey' Hchfg ylm yfclme$ k}u ulfy ufbmsful {mdfmo'

Gas ulm ilhddmgcmy dfyu shy iab~dmum' Fy ulhumvm{ulfgc1 F hyjme'

Vmy' Ylm {mhe ulm dfyu hda}e$ {myaghufgc sful lm{sa{ey' Sm ulmg ihumca{fpme mhil agm$ o}{ulm{ a{em{fgc slhulhe ymmbme ya ilhaufi' Ulm ofghd yum~ shy ua ~{fa{fufpmulmb' Sful ulm ihumca{ lmhefgcy k ulmbymdvmy ag ulm

yi{mmg$ ylm emifeme slfil sm{m bayu hge dmhyu fb~a{uhgu'Ya{ume hge ~hijhcme$ lm{ fyy}my sm{m gas bhghcmhkdm'

H efoom{mgu sabhg o{ab ulm samo}d k}{emgme ya}d$sla lhe ~daeeme ul{a}cl b eaa{ ulhu ba{gfgc$ y~{hgca}u ao lm{ ilhf{ ua uhjm h k{mhj' Lm{ mmy y~h{jdme$ ylmybfdme hge F ysmh{ ulm{m shy h yjf~ fg lm{ yum~' Lm{ ~lyfihdh~~mh{hgim lhe ilhgcme hge ulm emgym hubay~lm{m fg ulm{aab lhe dfoume'


35/171

;5 H K[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

Ymuufgc Cahdy hge I{mhufgc h _fyfag

Ulm gms Hggh sla lhe ylfoume lm{ k}{emg o{ablm{ bfge ua ulm yi{mmg shy {mhe ua mgvfyfag ulm dfom ylmshgume hge ymu yabm cahdy oa{ lm{ymdo' F fgvfume lm{ ua yum~yf| baguly fgua ulm o}u}{m hge emyi{fkm lm{ dfom' Fu fy hkmh}ufo}d y~{fgc eh hge a} hge F bmmu' F hyj a} sl a}daaj ya lh~~'

Fb lh~~ kmih}ym F hb k}y' B dfom fy o}dd$ ylmyhfe$ sful h daaj ao yhufyohiufag'

Hge las h{m a} ommdfgc ulmym ehy1F ommd c{mhu$ ylm {m~dfme' O}dofddme'Fg ga ~h{ufi}dh{ a{em{ hge sful vm{ dfuudm ~{ab~ufgc$

Hggh kmchg mgul}yfhyufihdd emyi{fkfgc lm{ gms dfom' Bl}ykhge fy {mimfvfgc kmuum{ ih{m' Lfy ilfde{mg h{m vfyfufgclfb ba{m$ slfil cfvmy bm ba{m ufbm ua bymdo' F lhvm lheusa smmjdagc vfyfuy sful b eh}clum{' F lhvm bmu yabm gmso{fmgey hge {miaggmiume sful yabm ao b ade o{fmgey' F

lhvm ymhyagy ufijmuy ua ulm yb~lag hge F hb ~dhggfgc uaca ua M}{a~m fg ulm y}bbm{'

Hggh ulmg ~h}yme hge ula}cluo}dd daajme easg huulm ~hcmy dfyufgc lm{ ilhddmgcmy' Hy F lhvm oa}ge ulhu oai}yfy ulm jm ua ulm bayu moomiufvm cahd ymuufgc$ F uaa m|hbfgmeulm dfyu ao lm{ ilhddmgcmy' Ua~~fgc fu shy lm{ {muf{mbmgu'Hge las h{m a} ommdfgc a}{ ehy1 F hyjme'

F hb sa{jfgc' F hb lmd~fgc ~ma~dm' B sa{j fy

fgum{myufgc$ efvm{ym hge moomiufvm' Fb gau `}yu ~}uufgc ag hybaij hge c}fefgc vfyfua{y ua lay~fuhd mdmvhua{y'

H' ILHDDMGCMY8' [MUF[MBMGU;' BV L]YKHGEY IH[M;' ^M[YAGHD DFOM9' BV ILFDE[MG5' YAIFHD DFOM

HGGHY ILHDDMGCMY CMU ^[FA[FUFPME


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Slv ^dhg1 ^dhggfgc Ulm ^dhg ;=

Cdhgifgc easg ulm dfyu ao ilhddmgcmy$ ulm sa{j ulhu

HGGHY _FYFAG

Fu fy gas yf| baguly dhum{' F ommd c{mhu hgeo}dofddme'

8' Fu ommdy caae ua km k}y';' B l}ykhge fy {mimfvfgc caae ih{m'9' B l}ykhge#y ilfde{mg h{m vfyfufgc lfb ba{m aoumg'5' B yum~ilfde{mg h{m lmd~fgc bm sful ulmf{ ohulm{y ih{m'=' F lhvm lhe usa smmjdagc vfyfuy sful b eh}clum{'

h' B eh}clum{ hge F mg`ame mhil aulm{y iab~hg'k' F shy hkdm ua lmd~ a}u sful b c{hgeilfde{mg'

?' F lhvm ymhyag#y ufijmuy ua ulm yb~lag'3' F lhvm bmu gms o{fmgey ul{a}cl sa{j'' F hb m|ifume hka}u cafgc ua M}{a~m oa{ h vfyfu ulfy y}bbm{'88' Fu ommdy c{mhu ua km sa{jfgc'8;' B sa{j fy efvm{ym hge {msh{efgc'89' F hb lmd~fgc ~ma~dm'

h' B sa{j fy fb~a{uhgu' F hb gau `}yu h gfim dhe fg hybaij c}fefgc vfyfua{y ua ulm lay~fuhd mdmvhua{y'

85' F hb vm{ moomiufvmd {}ggfgc fgum{om{mgim kmusmmg yuhoo$~hufmguy hge ulmf{ ohbfdfmy hu ulm g}{yfgc labm'h' Ulfy {adm lhy h yu{}iu}{m ua fu'k' B vafim fy lmh{e'

8=' F hb vm{ fgvadvme fg fgum{~{mufgc'h' F lhvm oa}ge aulm{y sla ihg fgum{~{mu fo F ihgu'

8?' F ea +bmefihd fgum{~{muhufag+ oa{ ~hufmguy hge ohbfdfmy'83' F y~mge ufbm sful ~hufmguy ofgefgc a}u slhu ulm gmme'8' F {}g fgoa{bhufag ymyyfagy oa{ ohbfdfmy hge ~hufmguy';8' F hb cmuufgc ~hfe oa{ b sa{j';;' F hb h dfhfyag kmusmmg bmefihd yuhoo hge ~hufmguy'

h' fg lay~fuhdyk' fg dagc"um{b ih{m ohifdfufmyi' fg {mlhkfdfuhufag imgum{y

;9' F hb lmhefgc }~ h gmusa{j ao ~hufmgu hevaihumy'h' vad}gumm{yk' gau oa{ ~{aofu a{chgfphufag

;5' F hb fgvmyufchufgc a}u{mhil ~{ac{hby oa{ ohbfdfmy ao~hufmguy sla dfvm a}u ao uasg'

h' ofgefgc hooa{ehkdm ~dhimy oa{ ulmb ua yuhk' ~{avfefgc khij}~ vfyfufgc oa{ ~hufmguy


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;? H K[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

Hggh mgvfyfagme yuh{ume ua uhjm ylh~m' H{m a} yufddy~mgefgc a}{ ehy hu ulm g}{yfgc labm1 F hyjme'

Vmy$ k}u gau `}yu vfyfufgc'

Slhu hka}u ulm fgiab~mumgu yuhoo1 Hg ~{ac{myyulm{m1

Ylm {m~dfme sful h of{b Vmy'Yufdd {}ggfgc fgum{om{mgim sful eaiua{y hge ~hufmguy

ohbfdfmy1 U{hgydhufgc1 Shuilfgc avm{ ~hufmguy slaymohbfdfmy h{m a}u ao uasg1

Vmy'Hge ya fu smgu }gufd ulhu Hlh babmgu slfil lfu

}y kaul hu hka}u ulm yhbm ghgaymiage' Fb h ~hufmguhevaihum( Ulhuy slhu Fb eafgc' F hb h dfhfyag kmusmmg hddyuhoo$ ~hufmguy hge ohbfdfmy' F ~fij }~ mvm{ulfgc ulhu ydf~yul{a}cl ulm i{hijy'

Sm yuh{ume {mia{efgc ulm cahdy hu sh{~ y~mme hyHgghy gms k}yfgmyy c{ms kmoa{m a}{ mmy' F fgum{ohim sfulhdd ao ulm lmhdulih{m umhb ulm ~lyfaulm{h~fyuy$aii}~hufaghd ulm{h~fyuy hge efmufifhgy' F ofge fgum{~{mum{y oa{

~ma~dm' Ylm heeme h oms ba{m femhy' Ulm vfyfag shy o}ddfg oai}y' Khij fg ulm ~{mymgu$ Hggh iabbmgume$ Fb eafgchdd ulmym ulfgcy hgsh' F kmu F ia}de cmu ~hfe oa{ fu a{ ofgevad}gumm{y' F ia}de a{chgfpm fgoa{bhufag ymyyfagy'

Ulfy vfyfag shy ya {fclu oa{ Hggh ulhu hchfg ylmu{hgyoa{bme fgua ulm ihdb$ iab~mumgu$ iab~hyyfaghumsabhg ylm lhe ~{akhkd kmmg oa{ bayu ao lm{ dfom' Ulmefyiagumgume slfgm{ shy gaslm{m ua km oa}ge' Fgyumhe$ F

yhs lm{ hy vfk{hgu$ iabb}gfihufvm hge iagyfem{hum'Sful ulm _fyfag hge Cahdy ihumca{fpme$ ~{fa{fufpme

hge ~{fgume$ fu shy ufbm ua bavm ag ua ulm hiufag ~dhg' Ulmk{mhj shy x}fij ulfy ufbm kmih}ym sm sm{m mhcm{ ua cmueasg ua fu'

Hiufag(

Va} sa}de ulfgj ulhu ulm hiufag ~dhg sa}de km ulm

efoofi}du ~h{u$ ulm c{}gu sa{j' Lasmvm{ sful ulmilhddmgcmy a}u ao ulm sh$ ulm vfyfag kmiabmy idmh{: ymmfgc


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HGGHY _FYFAG CMUY IHUMCA[FPME

Fu fy gas yf| baguly dhum{' F ommd c{mhu hgeo}dofddme'

8' SA[Jh' Fu ommdy c{mhu ua km sa{jfgc'k' B sa{j fy efvm{ym hge {msh{efgc'i' F hb vm{ moomiufvmd {}ggfgc fgum{om{mgim kmusmmg

yuhoo$ ~hufmguy hge ulmf{ ohbfdfmy hu ulm g}{yfgc labm'e' F hb vm{ fgvadvme fg fgum{~{mufgc'm' F ea +bmefihd fgum{~{muhufag+ oa{ ~hufmguy hge ohbfdfmy'

o' F y~mge ufbm sful ~hufmguy ofgefgc a}u slhu ulm gmme'c' Ulm yuhoo {my~miuy bm'l' F hb h ~hufmgu hevaihum'f' F {}g fgoa{bhufag ymyyfagy oa{ ohbfdfmy hge ~hufmguy'`' F hb h dfhfyag kmusmmg bmefihd yuhoo hge ~hufmguy'j' F hb lmhefgc }~ h gmusa{j ao ~hufmgu hevaihumy'd' F hb fgvmyufchufgc a}u{mhil ~{ac{hby oa{ ohbfdfmy ao

~hufmguy sla dfvm a}u ao uasg';' BV L]YKHGEY IH[M

h' B l}ykhge fy {mimfvfgc caae ih{m'k' B l}ykhge#y ilfde{mg h{m vfyfufgc lfb ba{m aoumg'

i' B yum~ ilfde{mg h{m lmd~fgc bm sful ulmf{ ohulm{yih{m'

9' BV ILFDE[MGh' F lhvm lhe usa smmj"dagc vfyfuy sful b eh}clum{'

5' YAIFHD DFOMh' F lhvm ymhyag#y ufijmuy ua ulm yb~lag'k' F lhvm bmu gms o{fmgey ul{a}cl sa{j'i' F lhvm oa}ge h odas oa{ iagufg}fgc b ade o{fmgeylf~y'e' F ga dagcm{ ommd +ydfclume+ k o{fmgey sla h{m k}y'm' F hb m|ifume hka}u cafgc ua M}{a~m oa{ h vfyfu ulfy

y}bbm{'=' [MUF[MBMGUh' Fu ommdy caae ua km k}y'k' F hb lmd~fgc ~ma~dm'i' F hb cmuufgc ~hfe oa{ b sa{j'


39/171

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40/171


h~~{ahilme' Yum~ ul{mm0 Eagu efyi}yy b femh sful hgagm}gufd ulm of{yu usa hiufagy lhvm kmmg ih{{fme a}u'

Yufdd fg ulm sa{jy$ Hgghy ~dhg lhy }goademe vm{

smdd' Ylm fy vad}gumm{fgc sful h smddgmyy imgu{m c{a}~ hgeylm lhy a{chgfpme h gmusa{jfgc c{a}~ oa{ ulm ohbfdfmy hu lm{l}ykhgey g}{yfgc labm slfdm fgvmyufchufgc {mdhume k}yfgmyyhge mb~dabmgu a~~a{u}gfufmy' Lm{ hiufag ~dhg }gem{camy{mhe`}yubmgu k}u lm{ yf|"bagul cahd ao kmfgc k}y$ }ymo}dhge iaggmiume sful ohbfd hge o{fmgey lhy kmmg hilfmvme'

Ea Hdd ^dhgy Sa{j Hdd ulm Ufbm1

Slhu F lhvm m|~m{fmgime fy ulhu fo Ulm ^dhg eamygusa{j$ fu shy ~{akhkd ulm s{agc ~dhg' Ymeghy ohulm{y ~dhgao bh{{fgc lfy eh}clum{ aoo ua ulm gm|u l}gum{ ulhu ihbmhdagc shy odhsme' Ulm gm|u fy gmfulm{ ulm kmyu ga{ ulmbayu iab~hufkdm$ ~h{ufi}dh{d oa{ h ~{fbh eaggh dfjm Ymegh'Hy oa{ ulm {myi}m$ fu lhe ga yu{humcfi ~dhg' Ofghdd$ ulm {fclu~dhg shy u{mhufgc Ymegh sful {my~miu hge bhjfgc h ~adfi uaihdd ag ulm Ylhbhg slmg ilhay ymuy fg'

Ilhgcm ihg km yih{' Slmg ulm sadvmy h{m hu ulmeaa{$ a}{ }giagyifa}y ~}ylmy }y fgua ofclu a{ odfclu baem'I{hgjme }~ hge {mhe ua {mhiu$ sm ihggau ydas easg hge~dhg' Mvm{ulfgc iabmy hu }y hu agim' Fo ulm sadvmy h{m}giagyifa}y$ ulm bh oaad }y fgua ulfgjfgc ulhu sm h{m fgiagu{ad$ ulhu fo sm bhjm dfyuy hge odf~ilh{uy$ fu sfdd hdd sa{ja}u' K}u fo sm uhjm ufbm a}u ua oaddas Ulm ^dhg$ sm sfddh{{fvm yhomd hu a}{ emyufghufag ao ilafim'


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E}m ua ulm g}bkm{ ao vh{fhkdmy ao y~him u{hvmd$ yifmgufyuy lhe uaiagyuhgud he`}yu hge ia{{miu ulmf{ bmulaey' Houm{ bhg ohfd}{my$

H~adda 88 y}iimyyo}dd dhgeme ag ulm baag hge {mu}{gme khij uaMh{ul yhomd' Slmg huumb~ufgc ua ~dhg oa{ ulm o}u}{m$ a} b}yu hdshy

km ~{m~h{me oa{ ymdo"ia{{miufag$ fg a{em{ ua iagufg}m ag ua a}{ cahdy'


42/171

ILH^UM[ ;

ULM OF[YU YUM^

SLM[M UA KMCFG1

as ulhu a} lhvm ymmg moomiufvm ~dhggfgc fg hiufagoa{ hg fgefvfe}hd$ dmuy daaj hu las fu sa{jy oa{ hiaddhka{hufvm ~{a`miu' Ulm yu{}iu}{m ao Ulm ^dhg fyulm yhbm oa{ kaul' K}u slmg ba{m ulhg agm

~m{yag fy fgvadvme$ sm }ym ulm ~{aimyy fg h bmmufgcmgvf{agbmgu slm{m fu lhy h sh ao bh|fbfpfgc ulm ~aumgufhdao fgefvfe}hdy hge ulm c{a}~ hdfjm' Fg ulfy ilh~um{ smfgu{ae}im a} ua ulm lasy hge sly$ ulm ~{hiufihdfufmy hgeulm ~{fgif~dmy ulhu bhjm Ulm ^dhg ya moomiufvm$ ofgfylfgc }~sful h ia{~a{hum ~dhggfgc bmmufgc'

Yuhum Va}{ ^}{~aym

Slhu ea a} shgu ua hilfmvm1 Kmoa{m a} mvmgyilme}dm ulm bmmufgc$ a} gmme ua yuhum a}{ ~}{~aym fg hoai}yme ymgumgim ulhu yhy fu hdd' Ulm ~}{~aym ao ulfy~dhggfgc bmmufgc fy ua bhjm b smeefgc eh ulm lh~~fmyuao b dfom' A{ Ulm ~}{~aym ao a}{ hgg}hd {mu{mhu fy ua

yu{mgculmg a}{ umhb hge emvmda~ yu{humcfmy ua fgi{mhym a}{yhdmy'E{' Yum~lmg Iavmy Ymvmg Lhkfuy ao Lfcld Moomiufvm

^ma~dm {hgjy yuh{ufgc sful ulm mge fg bfge hy Lhkfu );

G


43/171


,ymiage agd ua kmfgc ~{ahiufvm&' 5 K emvmda~fgc ulm lhkfuao iagimgu{hufgc ag {mdmvhgu hiufvfufmy a} sfdd k}fde h~dhuoa{b ua hvafe efyu{hiufagy hge kmiabm ba{m ~{ae}iufvm

hge y}iimyyo}d' F ia}degu hc{mm ba{m' Ygil{agfyufihdd$ulfy lhy kmmg jm ua Ulm ^dhg o{ab eh agm hy mvm{ulfgcoaddasy o{ab ulm myuhkdfylme ~}{~aym'

Slfdm yabm ~ma~dm ilaaym ua o{hbm ulm ~}{~aym huulm kmcfggfgc ao ulm bmmufgc$ F ofge ulhu fu fy ba{m~{ae}iufvm oa{ mvm{agm fo fu fy fg ~dhim kmoa{mlhge' Sful hidmh{ ~}{~aym$ a} ihg mhyfd cmu ag sful ulm k}yfgmyy hulhge hge hvafe ulm emuhfdy u{h~ hge yabm ao ulm mgm{c"

e{hfgfgc ~asm{ yu{}ccdmy ulhu cfvm bmmufgcy y}il h khe {h~'Iagyfem{ }yfgc ulm ~}{~aym fg ulm ufudm ao ulm

bmmufgc hge yuhum fu idmh{d fg a}{ of{yu fgvfuhufag ua~h{ufif~hguy' Ula}cl ulm ~}{~aym bh km akvfa}y uaslamvm{ fy y~mh{lmhefgc ulm bmmufgc$ aulm{ ~h{ufif~hguy bhlhvm h efoom{mgu ak`miufvmy a{ m|~miuhufagy' Ulm _^ ao Yhdmybh km daajfgc ua c{as ulm k}yfgmyy k umg ~m{imgu slfdmulm IOA fy iagyfem{fgc ulm a~ufag ao ymddfgc ulm iab~hg'

Kaul h{m vhdfe cahdy k}u bh gau kmdagc fg ulm yhbmbmmufgc' Hvafe y}{~{fymy(

Hyymbkdm Va}{ Uaady

Slfdm fu bh ymmb h dfuudm ~{mbhu}{m ua km cmuufgca}u ulm ~{a`miua{ hu ulfy mh{d yuhcm$ ulm uaady sm }ym h{m hgfgumc{hd ~h{u ao Ulm ^dhg$ savmg fgua ulm ohk{fi ao fu hdagcsful ulm bmmufgc ~}{~aym' Sm }ym0

h iab~}um{ hg a}udfgfgc yaoush{m

h ~{fgum{

h ~{a`miua{ hge yi{mmg

h umilgac{h~lm{ ,yabmagm ua u~m gaumy&

h idmh{ }gem{yuhgefgc ao Ulm ^dhg


44/171

Ulm Of{yu Yum~ Slm{m Ua Kmcfg1 99

Emifem Ag Slfil Sh ua ^{aimme

Yla}de a} yuh{u sful ilhddmgcmy!fyy}my!iagim{gy a{cahdy!vfyfag!slhu a} shgu1

Yla}de a} sa{j sful h ohifdfuhua{!iahil hge fo ya$slab1

Eagu sa{{$ sm sfdd cmu ua mhil hge mvm{ agm aoulm fumby ag ulfy dfyu'

Ilhddmgcmy a{ Cahdy1 Slfil Iabmy Of{yu1

Mvmg fo a}{ cahd fy idmh{$ yuh{u sful ulm ilhddmgcmy'

Ulm dhum ^{myfemgu Jmggmey cahd ua ~}u h bhg ag ulmbaag sfulfg gfgm mh{y shy idmh{' Sla$ las a{ las b}ilshy ymiageh{' Hggh$ ag ulm aulm{ lhge$ shy }ghkdm uakmdfmvm fg ulm ~ayyfkfdfu ao h vfyfag }gufd fdd}bfghufgc lm{ilhddmgcmy lhe dfoume ulm eh{jgmyy' @hyag ulm iab~}um{yifmgim yu}emgu jgms m|hiud slm{m lm shy lmheme fg ofvmmh{y hge ilaym ua emhd sful eh ua eh ilhddmgcmy hy ulmh{aym: Yfe ulm labmdmyy ~m{yagy ilhddmgcmy sm{m uaa hdd"

mgiab~hyyfgc ua km hkdm ua ymm h cahd o}{ulm{ ulhg h omsla}{y hlmhe'

Va} bh km yabmslm{m fg kmusmmg sful h emofgfumcahd ydfclud yl{a}eme fg oac' Oa{ m|hb~dm$ slmg Igulfhhge @alg ihbm ua bm ua lmd~ ~dhg ulmf{ smeefgc$ ulm lheulm ehum ymu hge yabm femh ao slhu ulm shgume$ k}u ufbmhge bagm iagyu{hfguy sm{m ida}efgc ulmf{ vfyfag hge~}ylfgc ulmb fgua avm{dahe' Cfvmg ulm ilafim$ ulm kmchg

sful ulmf{ ilhddmgcmy' O{ab ulm{m ulm sm{m hkdm ua chfg hidmh{$ oai}yme ~fiu}{m ao ulmf{ ~m{omiu smeefgc'

F ihg ymm idmh{d gas$ ulm {hfg lhy cagmF ihg ymm hdd akyuhidmy fg b shCagm h{m ulm eh{j ida}ey ulhu lhe bm kdfgeFuy caggh km h k{fclu$ k{fclu y}g ylfg eh

" @alggv Ghyl


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@alggy Ghyly yagc F ihg ymm idmh{d gas= ia}desmdd lhvm kmmg Hgghy ulmbm yagc' Slhu F lhvm oa}ge$ sfuloms m|im~ufagy$ fy ulhu aoodahefgc ilhddmgcmy bhjmy oa{ h

idmh{m{ vfyfag' Mvmg fg ia{~a{hum bmmufgcy slm{m ulm{m fy hof{b cahd a{ emhedfgm$ emhdfgc lmhe"ag sful ilhddmgcmyk{fgcy ulm cahd fgua oai}y'

_fyfag$ Cahd$ Slhu F ShguSlhuy ulmEfoom{mgim1

Oa{ ulm ~}{~aymy ao Ulm ^dhg$ fu fy }~ ua a} uaemifem slfil sa{e sa{jy kmyu oa{ a}' Slm{m h{m a}

lmheme1 Las oh{"{mhilfgc fy a}{ emyufghufag1 Fy fu uhgcfkdma{ idaym{ ua ulm e{mhb yuhum1 Fy fu0 F shgu ua km h bavfm yuh{slmg F c{as }~: F lhvm ua ~dhg b smeefgc fg usa baguly:a{$ F {mhdd shgu ua ofge h kmuum{ `ak1 Slhu um{b ea a} ommdfy h ofu1 Yfgim F kmdfmvm ulhu a} ihg hilfmvm hgulfgc ulhua} ihg fbhcfgm$ oa{ gas$ dmuy ca sful vfyfag' @}yu hyilhddmgcmy bh iabm o{ab ulm ilhay ao ulm }giagyifa}y$vfyfagy mbm{cm o{ab ulm ihdbm{ em~uly hge lmfcluy ao a}{

kmfgc$ ulhu ~dhim ulhu bhjmy fuymdo jgasg ua }y fg e{mhby$~{hm{ hge bmefuhufag' Ulm fbhcfghufag fy ulm{m$ ilmm{fgc }yag o{ab kmlfge ulm yimgmy hge fgvfufgc }y ua e{hs ag fu'

Bayu ao }y hu agm ufbm a{ hgaulm{ lhy m|~m{fmgimee` v}$ ulm ommdfgc ulhu sm e{mhbme a}{ ~{mymgu babmgu ao{mhdfu kmoa{m fu lh~~mgme' Yabm ~ma~dm ihg mvmg ~fg~afguulm e{mhb' Dhyu y}bbm{ slmg sm sm{m hu ulm iauuhcm Fe{mhbu ulhu fu shy sfgum{ hge F lhe h gms `ak' Ulm {mihdd

ulhu ulm e{mhb oa{mihyume ~m{omiud y}il emuhfdy hy ulm iada{yao {aaby hge ulm ~ma~dm fgvadvme' Ulm{m h{m h oms ulma{fmyoa{ e` v}k}u ga hkyad}um yifmgufofi m|~dhghufag' Iagyfem{oa{ h babmgu ulhu e` v}fy h oa{b ao ~dhggfgc' Fy fu ~ayyfkdmulhu baguly dhum{ a} bhgfomyume slhu a} lhe e{mhbu huulm iauuhcm dhyu y}bbm{$ ulhu a}{ }giagyifa}y shy hkdm uaa{chgfpm hdd ulm iab~agmguy ao a}{ e{mhb fgua h ~dhg1Va}{ }giagyifa}y fy vm{ ~asm{o}d' E{hs ag fu$ mgvfyfag

a}{ e{mhb hy fo fu fy h ohfu hiiab~dfhge ilhgimy h{m a} ihgbhjm fu lh~~mg'


46/171

Ulm Of{yu Yum~ Slm{m Ua Kmcfg1 9=

Gm}{a~dhyufifuUlm K{hfg Yifmgimao Bhjfgc E{mhby Iabm U{}m

Oa{ hgagm sla fy yjm~ufihd ulhu sm ihg hilfmvm

slhumvm{ sm mgvfyfag$ Gm}{a~dhyufifu$ agm ao ulm bayum|u{ha{efgh{ efyiavm{fmy ao ulm usmgufmul imgu}{$embagyu{humy ulhu ulfgjfgc$ dmh{gfgc hge hiufgc ihg hiu}hddilhgcm ulm k{hfgy o}giufaghd hghuab' H oms emihemy hcaulm iagymgy}y shy ulhu bhg h{mhy ao ulm k{hfg sm{mlh{esf{me houm{ bhu}{fu' K}u gas sm ofge ulhu fu fy~dhyufi a{ b}uhkdm$ ulhu h lmhdul ~h{u ao ulm k{hfg ihguhjm ag ulm `ak ao hg h{mh ulhu fy ehbhcme'

Fg lfy bavfgc hge fgy~f{fgc kaaj Ulm K{hfg ulhuIlhgcmy Fuymdo$ ^yilfhu{fyu hge ^yilahghdyu E{' Ga{bhgEafecm fgu{ae}imy }y ua ~ma~dm sful dfbfuhufagy slaym dfvmylhvm kmmg u{hgyoa{bme k k{hfg {msf{fgc h sabhg ka{gsful lhdo h k{hfg ulhu {msf{me fuymdo ua o}giufag hy h sladm$hcfgc k{hfgy {m`}vmghume$ FXy {hfyme$ em~{myyfag hge hg|fmuavm{iabm hge ya oa{ul' Ulfy fy vm{ m|ifufgc oa{ ulaym ao }ysla lhvm kmdfmvme hdd hdagc ulhu a} ihg hilfmvm hgulfgc fo

a} ~}u a}{ bfge ua fu'

Shuil Va}{ Dhgc}hcm

Va}{ iagyifa}y bfge fy hdya vm{ caae hubhgfomyufgc$ hge fu ihg sa{j vm{ smdd sful a}{}giagyifa}y' Ulm dhsy ao huu{hiufag yh ulhu a} huu{hiuslhu a} ulfgj hka}u$ caae a{ khe' Oa{ m|hb~dm$ F eagushgu ua km ~aa{ fy dfjmd ua huu{hiu ~avm{u slfdm F shgu ua

mg`a ulm ofgm{ ulfgcy fg dfom fy h chumsh ua k{fgcfgc yabmgfim ulfgcy a}{ sh'

Efe a} yh~aa{1 ulm }gfvm{ym hyjy$ hge ulmgemdfvm{y slhu a} h{m oai}yfgc ag' ^fiu}{m a}{ e{mhb la}ymhge bavm fgua fu' Ulhu ulm sa{ey sm ilaaym ~dh h {adm fgslhu sm huu{hiu fy h kmdfmo ao bhg {mdfcfagy slfil emmbyabm i}{ym sa{ey hge aulm{y yhi{me'

Ula}cluy h{m ulfgcy' F ymm slhu a} bmhg$ sm yhslmg yabmagm mdymy ula}cluy kmiabm idmh{ ua }y' ^h{u aoUlm ^dhgy moomiufvmgmyy$ fg ohiu$ fy ulhu sm ymm a}{ ula}cluyag ulm yi{mmg' Ulm kmiabm uhgcfkdm' Sm ihg daaj hu ulmb$


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bavm ulmb h{a}ge$ a{chgfpm ulmb hge he`}yu ulmb' Smbhjm a}{ ula}cluy {mhd sful sa{ey hge cfvm a}{ymdvmy hilafim fg ilhgcfgc hge bhghcfgc ulhu {mhdfu' K ghbfgc a}{

ilhddmgcmy of{yu hge cmuufgc ulmb a}u ao ulm sh$ sm ihg }ymsa{ey ua k}fde a}{ e{mhby'

Ilhddmgcm Sa{ey hge _fyfag Sa{ey

H {}dm ao ul}bk fy ulhu ilhddmgcm sa{ey m|~{myya}{ u{}m ula}cluy hge ommdfgcy kaul ~ayfufvmd hgegmchufvmd$ slfdm vfyfag sa{ey h{m ilaymg ua huu{hiu ulm~ayfufvm' Fo a} lhvm gmchufvm ula}cluy hge ommdfgcy$

ilhddmgcmy sa}de km ulm ~dhim ua e}b~ ulmb' Ulm{m fy b}iliagu{avm{y uaeh avm{ slmulm{ a{ gau sa{ey ilhgcm~m{im~ufagy' Ea ulm um{by bhem {me}gehgu hgeum{bfghume bhjm cmuufgc yhijme a{ of{me h ba{m~dmhyhgu m|~m{fmgim1

Oa{ ulm ~}{~aymy ao Ulm ^dhg$ dmuy bhjm yabmefyufgiufagy' Of{yu ao hdd$ fu fy fb~a{uhgu ulhu a} m|~{myya}{ymdo fg a}{ asg sa{ey' Fb bhe hy lmdd ulhu F dayu b

`ak$ m|~{myymy las a} ommd: F }gem{yuhge ulhu easgyfpfgcshy gmimyyh{ hge F hb ilhddmgcme k ulfy emifyfag$ eamygau$ hge fg ohiu emgfmy a} hge aulm{y hiimyy ua a}{ u{}mommdfgcy'

Fg Hgghy ~dhg$ ulm sa{ey ih{m hge akdfchufag{mch{efgc lm{ l}ykhge m|~{myyme vm{ efoom{mgu ymgufbmguy'Fu fy fb~a{uhgu ulhu a} cfvm h vafim ua a}{ ula}cluy hgeommdfgcy hge ulhu a} ~h huumgufag ua ulm sa{ey sful slfil

a} o{hbm ulmb' Fu fy mx}hdd fb~a{uhgu ulhu a} k}fde a}{o}u}{m sful yu{agc$ ~ayfufvm m|~{myyfag hge h vfms ua slhua} shgu ua huu{hiu' Fo a} y~mhj ba{m ulhg agm dhgc}hcm$a} jgas ulhu b}il fy dayu a{ ilhgcme fg u{hgydhufag' Fo a}yh slhu a} bmhg hge bmhg slhu a} yh$ a} ihg bmmua}{ ilhddmgcmy lmhe"ag'

Ulm _fiua{ _fyfag

Ghufvm ~ma~dm huu{fk}um I}yum{y dhyu yuhge ,ulmbhyyhi{m ao ulm ]Y H{b k ulm Of{yu Ghufagy ^ma~dm& ualfy mgmby vfyfag' Ilfmo Yfuufgc K}ddy vfyfag x}myu shy ga


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bhuil oa{ I}yum{y h{b hge ulm Yfa}| hge Dhjauh ghufagysag ulm Khuudm ao ulm Dfuudm Kfcla{g hchfgyu hdd aeey' Ulmyua{$ uade ua bm k h Ghufvm o{fmge$ kmcfgy khij fg ulm

8y e}{fgc ulm cade {}yl fg slhu fy gas Ya}ul Ehjauh'Ulm Ghufvm ~ma~dm$ efy~dhime o{ab ulmf{ dhge k ymuudm{y$ lhekmmg ofclufgc khij oa{ ba{m ulhg h emihem' Fg @}gm 8


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9


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Bavfmy hdya h{m bhem ao kfc e{mhby' Mvmg sfulih{mo}d ~dhggfgc lasmvm{$ fg a{em{ ua k{fgc ulmb ua ulmyi{mmg$ b}il ba{m oaauhcm fy ylau ulhg fy hiu}hdd }yme'

Bfdmy ao ofdb h{m mefume hge savmg fgua ulm bavfmy sm ymmsful iagyfyumgu ~dauy$ ilh{hium{y hge iagufg}fu' Yfbfdh{d$}yfgc Ulm ^dhg sm mgvfyfag a}{ cahd h mh{ fg ulm o}u}{m hgea}{ yum~"k"yum~ oai}ymy ag ulm yf|u ehy hlmhe'

Va}{ ak`miufvm sful ulm vfyfag fy ua }ym a}{fbhcfghufag hge i{mhufvfu ua ulm o}ddmyu k}u hdya ua jmm~ fu{mhd hge oai}yme' Oa{ m|hb~dm$ slhu fy h {mhdfyufi ofghgifhduh{cmu1 Las b}il ufbm ea a} gmme ua dh}gil a}{

k}yfgmyy ~{a~m{d1 Dfjm ulm ofdb mefufgc ~{aimyy$ hgm|~hgyfvm$ iab~dmum ~fiu}{m fdd}bfghumy ulm of{yu hge bayui{}ifhd yum~y ua uhjm$ hge o{ab ulm{m ulm aulm{y oaddasdacfihdd'

Fg sa{jfgc sful idfmguy ag ulmf{ iab~hgy k{hgefgchge bh{jmufgc$ ulm cahd ao iabfgc }~ sful h bfyyfagyuhumbmgu {mx}f{my h vfyfag x}myu sa{ul ao Yfuufgc K}dd'[mom{{me ua hy ulm mdmvhua{ ~fuil$ bh{jmufgc ~{aomyyfaghdy

ymm ulfy umg"sa{e efyufddhufag ao sla a} h{m hge slhu a}ea hy myymgufhd ua hg y}iimyyo}d k}yfgmyy' Sl umg sa{ey1Kmih}ym ulhu fy las oai}yme a} lhvm ua km ag slhu a}{k}yfgmyy fy hka}u' Ulmym umg sa{ey h{m ulm chumsh ua ulm{fclu idfmguy$ ym{vfimy$ hiufvfufmy hge mb~dammy' Sfula}uoai}y$ a}{ {mya}{imy hge mgm{c kmiabm yihuum{me' F yuh{ fgh y}iimyyo}d lhdo"la}{ iabme U_ ylasfy h vm{ oai}yme vfyfag'

Ulm bfyyfag yuhumbmgu aoumg lhy h efoofi}du dhka{

hge emdfvm{ k}u Ulm ^dhg fy ulm femhd bfesfom' Ka{g o{ab hdfbfudmyy$ k{ahe vfyfag$ ulm ~h{fgc easg ~{aimyy ihg kmh{e}a}y' Lasmvm{$ sful mvm{agmy huumgufag ag ulm yi{mmg$k{hfgyua{bfgc odasy mhyfd' Mhil ~m{yag ihg cfvm hy b}ila}u{hcma}y fg~}u hy ulm dfjm kmih}ym mefufgc$ bavfgc hgeygulmyfpfgc um|u fy mhy hge od}fe' Bavm ulhu }~' ^}uulhu ulm{m' U{ fu ulfy sh' Oai}yme iaddhka{hufag fy h~asm{o}d ~dhggfgc uaad$ ~m{omiu oa{ efyufddfgc kfc vfyfagy'

Fg ulm ~{aimyy ao bhjfgc a}{ vfyfag fgua h oai}ymecahd$ fu fy fb~a{uhgu ulhu a} iagyfem{ sla hge slhu sfdd kmfgvadvme fg ~h{fgc fu easg' Oai}y c{a}~y h{m h vhd}hkdm uaadfg ulm kfddfag"eaddh{ fge}yu{ ao hevm{ufyfgc hge bh{jmufgc' H


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i{mhufvm"femhy umhb iabmy }~ sful h iagim~u slfil fy cfvmgoa{b k h{ufyuy hge s{fum{y' Smdd kmoa{m ulm ~}kdfi ymmy ulmhevm{ufymbmguy$ ulm h{m umyu bh{jmume ag ybhdd c{a}~y ao

~ma~dm sla h{m ~hfe oa{ ulmf{ ommekhij' K ulm ufbm a} a{ Fymm ulm he$ fu lhy kmmg sa{jme hge {msa{jme$ khyme ag ulm{mhiufagy ao oai}y c{a}~y'

Ula}cl a} bh gau gmme h oai}y c{a}~ ua hyymyya}{ smeefgc ~dhgy a{ `ak yu{humcfmy$ iagyfem{ ih{mo}ddslfil ~h{u ao a}{ vfyfag ua ylh{m hge sful slab' Smdd"bmhgfgc ~ma~dm bh gau km x}hdfofme ua i{fufx}m a}{ vfyfag$hge a}{ gmsd bfgume ~dhg bh gmme yabm ufbm ua cmu

{mhe oa{ m|~ay}{m' Fo a} kmdfmvm fg fu hge ihg ymm fu idmh{d$lade fu idaym hge emh{ }gufd fu uhjmy fuy of{yu yum~y' Hgghy^dhg shy hdd hka}u hee{myyfgc iagim{gy hge huuhfgfgc hvfyfag' Ulm {fclu hiufag oa{ ulm odmecdfgc vfyfag shy ua uhdjua usa ~ma~dm agd hka}u fu'

H Iaddhka{hufvm _fyfag

Gas ulhu a} h{m ohbfdfh{ sful ulm ~{aimyy ao agm

~m{yag }yfgc Ulm ^dhg$ dmuy uhjm h daaj hu ~dhggfgc oa{ hc{a}~' Ia{~a{hum a{ c{a}~ ~dhggfgc sa{jy b}il ulm yhbmsh$ sful bhg ~ma~dm femgufofgc h iabbag cahd' Ulmvfyfag kmiabmy h iaddhka{hufvm m|m{ifym hge hy h ohifdfuhua{$b `ak fy ua jmm~ fu ag u{hij' Ua chfg h kmuum{ }gem{yuhgefgcao las ulfy sa{jy$ F fgvfum a} ua akym{vm Ehuhyua{myhgg}hd {mu{mhu'

ULM EHUHYUA[M ^DHGUfbm oa{ h Ilhgcm$ [mhe a{ Gau

Ehuhyua{m lhy kmmg h idfmgu ao bfgm oa{ mh{y'Yuh{ufgc a}u fg ulm u~ms{fum{ m{h$ ulm y}iimyyo}ddu{hgyfufagme ua ulm fgoa{bhufag umilgadac hcm$ emvmda~fgc hgfim gfilm fg ehuh sh{mla}yfgc' Mhil mh{$ sm bmmu ua ~dhgulm mh{ hlmhe' Sm hee{myy gms fyy}my ulhu mbm{cm$k{hfgyua{b gms k}yfgmyy a~~a{u}gfufmy hge yu{mgculmg ulm

umhb' Ul{a}cla}u ulm mh{$ sm }ym ~dhggfgc ymyyfagy oa{bhghcmbmgu yu{humc$ gms ~{a`miu dh}gilmy hge$ ao ia}{ym$ua ~}u a}u ulm of{my ulhu fgmvfuhkd fcgfum'


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F iagomyy kmoa{m sm ca hg o}{ulm{ ulhu F ea gau~{mumge ua }gem{yuhge ulm sa{jfgcy ao b idfmguyk}yfgmyymy' Hy h ohifdfuhua{$ slhu fy fb~a{uhgu ua bm fy

lmd~fgc umhby ua iabb}gfihum hge ~dhg moomiufvmd uamgy}{m ulmf{ y}iimyy' Ulhu ulm femgufo hg fyy}m slfil cmuy{myadvme fy fb~a{uhgu ua bm$ gau ulm emuhfdy ao ulm fyy}mfuymdo' Fg ohiu$ F lhvm kmmg uade k bhg idfmguy ulhu gaujgasfgc ulm fgu{fihifmy ao ulmf{ k}yfgmyy fy hg hevhguhcmkmih}ym$ ulm {mhyag$ fu jmm~y ulmb ag u{hij fgyumhe aoemua}{fgc fgua emuhfdy' Emuhfdy ihg km hgaulm{ ~dhim ua lfemo{ab ulm kfccm{ ~fiu}{m$ h vm{ u{fij oa{b ao {myfyuhgim oa{

bm ua c}h{e hchfgyu'Ehuhyua{m mg`ame y}iimyy hge ~{ay~m{fu oa{ mh{y'

Sful fuy lmhe aoofim fg Gmk{hyjh$ Ehuhyua{m fy ulm Ihghefhgk{hgil slaym kfccmyu idfmguy h{m h cdakhd {muhfd ilhfg hge hgfgum{ghufaghd fgy}{hgim iab~hg' Ulm lhvm hdya bhemfg{ahey sful Hyfhg iab~hgfmy ymuufgc }~ yla~ fg Ihgheh'Hka}u usa mh{y hca$ ulfgcy yuh{ume ua ilhgcm oa{ Ehuhyua{m'Ulmf{ k}yfgmyy lhe kmiabm ba{m iab~mufufvm cdakhdd$

umilgadac shy ilhgcfgc {h~fed hge ehuh ymi}{fu lhekmiabm h kfc iagim{g' Sful femgufu ulmou hge i{mefu ih{eo{h}e ag ulm fgi{mhym$ fu shy myymgufhd ulhu ulmf{ ofghgifhdym{vfimy idfmguy lhvm ulm kmyu hvhfdhkdm ymi}{fu yyumby fg~dhim' Ulm {mhdfu$ lasmvm{$ shy ulhu ulmf{ bh`a{ idfmguy sm{mm|~{myyfgc efyyhufyohiufag sful ulmf{ emidfgfgc ym{vfim hgeEhuhyua{m shy lhvfgc efoofi}du k{fgcfgc fg gms k}yfgmyy'

H mh{ hca$ ulm iab~hg shy {myu{}iu}{me hge Yumvm

shy k{a}clu }~ o{ab lmhe aoofim ua km ulm gms _^ fgilh{cm ao k}yfgmyy emvmda~bmgu' Lfy bhgehum shy ua}~c{hem ulmf{ umilgadac$ {m`}vmghum ulm yhdmy oa{im$yu{mhbdfgm yyumby sful lmhe aoofim hge fb~dmbmgu yabmfggavhufvm gms k}yfgmyy yu{humcfmy' Fgyumhe ao iab~mufgcsful aooyla{m iab~hgfmy$ ulm sa}de ~h{ugm{ sful ulmb'Ulm sa}de uh~ fgua ulm c{asfgc bh{jmu ao ehuh ymi}{fu'Ulmf{ k{hgefgc hge bh{jmufgc yu{humcfmy sa}de }gem{ca h

bhjmavm{' K}u ulmf{ bayu i{mhufvm hge ilhddmgcfgc cahd shyua emvmda~ ulm iagy}dufgc yfem ao ulm k}yfgmyy hge fgumc{humfu sful yhdmy' Fg heefufag ua ymddfgc iab~}um{ yyumby hgeym{vfimy$ ulm sa}de hevfym ag iab~dmum k}yfgmyy yyumby'


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H vm{ ~m{yaghkdm c} sful h dau ao m|~m{fmgim fg{}ggfgc iab~hgfmy$ Yumvm mbk{hime lfy gms ~ayfufag sfulmgul}yfhyb hge mvm{agm shy lh~~ hu of{yu' Fg b

~{m~h{hufag bmmufgcy sful Yumvm oa{ ulmf{ hgg}hd {mu{mhu Flhe ua hyj bymdo0 Lhy fu agd kmmg h mh{ yfgim ulmf{ hgg}hdbmmufgc shy yfb~d hka}u yabm ym{vfim fb~{avmbmguy hge m|immefgcyhdmy uh{cmuy1

Idmh{d$ ulm sm{m lhvfgc h dau ao efoofi}du sfulilhgcm hge ulmf{ k}yfgmyy shy gau eafgc smdd' Ulmf{ ua~idfmgu$ dmuy ihdd ulmb ulm X Fgum{ghufaghd Fgy}{hgim C{a}~shy gau lh~~' ^}uufgc a}u of{my iagy}bme 6> ~m{ imgu ao

Ehuhyua{my huumgufag' O}{ulm{ba{m$ ulm{m lhe kmmg h lfclu}{gavm{ fg yuhoo' Ulm{m shy h dau ao iab~dhfgfgc fg ulmiab~hg hka}u ulm fgmoofifmgi ao emhdfgc sful lmhe aoofimhge vhyu efoom{mgimy ao a~fgfag ag las ulfgcy yla}de kmeagm' ^ma~dm sm{m ommdfgc ul{mhumgme$ ulm umhb shyo{hcbmgume hge idfmguy sm{m kmfgc lfu sful ulm ohdda}u'

Ulm Ehuhyua{m Ilhddmgcm Kmcfgy

U{a}kdme a{ gau$ fu shy h kmh}ufo}d eh hge ulmbmmufgc shy aoo ua h caae yuh{u sful ilmm{o}d iagvm{yhufagavm{ h y}b~u}a}y k{mhjohyu fg hg huu{hiufvm laumd iagom{mgim{aab' F fgu{ae}ime b umhb hge bymdo hge sm smgu avm{ulm bmmufgc c}femdfgmy' Ulm dhyu ~m{yag ua h{{fvm shy Ilm{d$Ehuhyua{my ua~ yhdmy ~m{yag fg ilh{cm ao X Fgy}{hgim' Hyu{fjfgc$ a~}dmgud e{myyme sabhg$ sm shfume oa{ lm{ uaofgfyl lm{ imdd ~lagm iagvm{yhufag kmoa{m yuh{ufgc ulm

bmmufgc'Yumvm dme sful smdiabfgc mvm{agm hge cfvfgc hk{fmo uhdj ag ulm ~}{~aym ao chulm{fgc$ slfil shy ua iaggmiusful mhil aulm{$ hee{myy i}{{mgu fyy}my hge ea yabmk{hfgyua{bfgc' Ihdbd k}u of{bd lm iagvmme ulm bmyyhcmulhu fo ulm shgume ua yuh fg k}yfgmyy$ yhdmy hge ym{vfimsa}de lhvm ua fb~{avm' Hy Ilm{d ilmijme lm{ ~lagmbmyyhcmy$ {huudme ~h~m{y hge slfy~m{me ua lm{ gmfclka{$ fu

kmihbm h~~h{mgu ulhu ylm shy hg|fa}y hge ulhu ylm lhefyy}my sful Yumvm'Sful ulm ul{mhuy a}u ag ulm uhkdm$ ulfy shy h bmmufgc

slm{m ilhddmgcmy sa}de lhvm ua km emhdu sful kmoa{m hg


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vfyfag a{ yu{humc ia}de mbm{cm' Houm{ h ca"h{a}ge aofgu{ae}iufagy hge yabm fim k{mhjfgc$ sm cau easg uak}yfgmyy'

Yfgim F ymgyme h dau ao {myfyuhgim$ F emifeme ua ~h hvfyfu ua ulm }giagyifa}y k lhvfgc ulmb e{hs ~fiu}{my aolas ulm i}{{mgud vfmsme ulm iab~hg' H iaddhka{hufvmmooa{u$ ul{mm c{a}~y ao ul{mm smgu ua sa{j sful iada{mebhcfi bh{jm{y ag odf~ ilh{uy' Hgfbhume$ ulm dh}clme hgeuhdjme hy ulm ~fijme hg h{ufyu hge iaddhka{hume ag hg fbhcm'Fgum{myufgcd$ hdd ul{mm ~fiu}{my em~fiume h eyo}giufaghdvmlfidm0 h ih{ slfil shy ohddfgc h~h{u$ h k}y e{fvfgc aoo h idfoo

hge h ih~yfpfgc yhfdkahu slaym yjf~~m{ shy ufme ua ulm bhyu'[mhiufvm$ ilhaufi$ ofclu"a{"odfcluulmym sm{m u{a}kdmeshum{y kmccfgc oa{ h 6"8"8 ihdd ua ulm Ylhbhg'

Ulm Ilhddmgcmy Dfyu

Khij hu ulm uhkdm$ sm kmchg sful h ca"h{a}ge aomhil ~m{yag yuhufgc hg fyy}m slfil shy u~me k bumilgac{h~lm{ hge ~{a`miume agua ulm yi{mmg hu ulm o{agu ao

ulm {aab' Sful mhil ~m{yag y~mhjfgc fg u}{g$ ulm dfyu aofyy}my c{ms' ^aa{ yhdmy$ ofm{im iab~mufufag$ lm yhfe!ylm yhfe$bfyuhjmy hge a}uehume bh{jmufgc fyy}my odms }~ oa{ hdd uaymm'

Dmgg$ ulm x}fmu$ }ghyy}bfgc ^{a`miu Bhghcm{ shyulm eh{j la{ym sla ihbm a}u fg o{agu' Uhiuo}dd hge{my~miuo}dd$ lm chvm hgmieauhd mvfemgim ao Yhdmy ~{abfyfgcym{vfim ua idfmguy slaym emhedfgmy sm{m fb~ayyfkdm ua bmmu$

ym{vfim emdhy e}m ua yuhoo yla{uhcmy$ dauy ao bfyuhjmy fgslhu idfmguy sm{m kmfgc yade$ bfyiabb}gfihufag mui' Ulm_fim ^{myfemgu ao L}bhg [mya}{imy chvm lm{ yfem ao ulmyua{' Hiia}gufgc iab~dhfgme hka}u lmhe aoofim hge ag fusmgu' Fgfufhdd fu ymmbme ulhu ulm ilhddmgcmy sa}de gmvm{mge$ k}u mvmgu}hdd slmg F hyjme fo hgagm lhe hgulfgc uahee$ fu shy hc{mme ulhu ulm dfyu shy iab~dmum'

Slmg a} m|hbfgm ulm ~dhggfgc ymyyfag gaumy

fgid}eme lm{m$ kmh{ fg bfge ulhu slhu fy {mia{eme fy aoumg hefyufddhufag ao h efyi}yyfag' ^h{ufif~hguy vafim a~fgfagy$emyi{fkm efoom{mgu yimgh{fay$ m|ilhgcm vfmsy$ m|~{myyula}cluy hge umdd yua{fmy$ }gufd ulm ofge ulm sa{ey ulhu kmyu


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Sm lhvm gau bhem hg gms yhdmy ulfy mh{'8' Iab~mufufag o{ab aooyla{m ehuh yua{hcm fy jfddfgc }y';' Sm dayu h bh`a{ idfmgu khij fg Emimbkm{'9' Ulm P [muhfd ~{a`miu shy y}il h efyhyum{ ulhu sm ia}de

daym ulmb hy h idfmgu'5' Usa Yhdmy ~ma~dm x}fu'=' X Fgy}{hgim iab~dhfgy hka}u ym{vfim ag h ehfd khyfy'X Fgy}{hgim fy }g{mhyaghkd embhgefgc'?' Sm lhvm gau oa{b}dhume h ~dhg oa{ X Fgy}{hgimy b}il

gmmeme }~c{hem'3' Sm lhvm ua idmh{ uaa bhg emifyfagy sful lmhe aoofim'

' Lmhe aoofim emifyfagy uhjm uaa b}il ufbm'88' Lmhe aoofim uhjmy h dagc ufbm ua {mdmhym o}gey'

h' Ulfy ydasy }y easg'k' Ulfy hdfmghumy a}{ i{mefua{y'

8;' Lmhe aoofim eamy gau k}ecmu oa{ u{hfgfgc ~ma~dm'89' Yhdmy hge ~{a`miu bhghcmbmgu ea gau iabb}gfihum

smdd'85' A}{ idfmguy h{m cmuufgc yla{u ilhgcme fg iagy}dufgc'

8=' Yhdmy bhjmy ~{abfymy ulhu Ym{vfim ihgu jmm~'8?' Yhdmy ymddy ym{vfimy ulhu idfmguy ea gau gmme'83' A}{ bh{jmufgc fy a}u ao ehum'8' Embhgey ao m|fyufgc idfmguy h{m bhjfgc fu efoofi}du ua

fb~dmbmgu gms k}yfgmyy yu{humcfmy'H~~{mgufifgc {hulm{ ulhg u{hfgfgc lhy {my}dume fg iayud

bfyuhjmy'A}{ ~{aofuy efe gau bmmu a}{ ~{a`miufagy ulfy mh{'

;8' Aooyla{m ~h{ugm{fgc ~{a`miuy h{m kmlfge yilme}dm';;' Ehuh fgy}{hgim fy ufbmd k}u sm h{m gau emvaufgc

a}{ymdvmy ua dh}gilfgc ulfy k}yfgmyy baemd'h' Fo sm eagu hiu x}fijd$ sm sfdd km yiaa~me k ulmiab~mufufag'

Lmhe aoofim ~hy huumgufag ua ulm kauuab dfgm hge sfdd gaufgi{mhym a}{ k}ecmuy fo sm h{m gau bhjfgc bagm'

Ym{vfim fy gau emdfvm{fgc slhu Yhdmy fy ymddfgc'Ulm fggavhufagy ulhu h{m kmfgc ~{a~ayme h{m gau slhu a}{

idfmguy shgu'

Ehuh fgy}{hgim eamy gau lhvm h u{hij {mia{e hge sm eagujgas fo fu sfdd ymdd'

EHUHYUA[M ILHDDMGCMY DFYUME


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Ulm Of{yu Yum~ Slm{m Ua Kmcfg1 5=

mgih~y}dhum ulmf{ fyy}m' Fo ulm gmme ua lhvm h ~h{ufi}dh{fgefvfe}hd lmh{ ulmb$ ulm ihg hee{myy ulhu ~m{yag ef{miud'Fg ulm mge$ fu fy ulmf{ sa{ey ulhu h{m {mia{eme' Gau agd eamy

ulfy lmd~ ua oai}y ulfgjfgc$ k}u fu hdya ym{vmy ua ~{ae}im hy}iifgiu$ }ymo}d ymu ao bmmufgc gaumy'

Ulm gm|u yum~ shy ua {mhe ulm dfyu ao fyy}my hda}e hge{modmiu }~ag ulmb' ^{aimmefgc fg ymhufgc a{em{$ mhil ~afgushy {mhe hda}e k ulm umhb' H dau ao fyy}my avm{dh~~me hgeyabm ao ulm yhbm fyy}my sm{m m|~{myyme efoom{mgud' Hu ulfyyuhcm$ fu fy fb~a{uhgu ua sa{j ul{a}cl ulm dfyu hy fu fy$ u{}yufgculhu fu sfdd km yu{mhbdfgme slmg fu cmuy ihumca{fpme hge

~{fa{fufpme' O}yyfgc sful e}~dfihufagy hge sa{efgc ihg km hoa{b ao {myfyuhgim hge ida}e ulm fyy}my a}{ c{a}~ yu{}ccdmeya lh{e ua }gmh{ul'

Yabm ~ma~dmy iagim{gy sm{m ef{miud {mdhume uaulmf{ asg yfu}hufag slfdm oa{ aulm{y$ ulm iab~hg shy ua~ao bfge' Ulm{m sm{m hdya a~~ayfgc iagim{gy$ oa{ m|hb~dm$Bhghcmbmgu shguy ua of| slhu fygu k{ajmg$ hge Yhdmy~ma~dm `}yu shgu ua jmm~ i{}fyfgc hdagc' A}il( Las sa}de

sm emvmda~ h iabbag vfyfag a{ ~dhg ao hiufag a}u ao ulfydfyu1

F lhvm gaufime ulhu {mhefgc yabmagm mdymy fyy}mhda}e a{ lmh{fgc a}{ asg {mhe k hgaulm{ sla bh fg gash hc{mm sful a} lhy h ihdbfgc hge kagefgc hoomiu'Bhkm fu fy kmih}ym u{fgc ag hgaulm{y iagim{g ~{abaumy}gem{yuhgefgc' Ulm m|~{myyfag$ Ulhuy h dahe aoo b bfgeiavm{y fu' Hy sful Hgghy ~m{yaghd ymyyfag$ vafifgc ulm

m|lh}yufvm dfyu ao kmmoy idmh{me ulm hf{' Slmg sm lheofgfylme Ehuhyua{my dfyu$ Ilm{d shy ba{m oai}yme hge Yumvmshy daajfgc dmyy dfjm h emm{ ih}clu fg ulm lmhedfcluy'

Sm{m hdd ulm fyy}my lmh{e1 Bhkm$ bhkm gau' Yabmsm{m iagy~fi}a}y fg ulmf{ hkymgim' Fg ulm ~{aimyy aoiaddmiufgc mvm{agmy iagim{gy$ sfula}u hgfbayfu a{ ofgcm{~afgufgc$ fu kmihbm h~~h{mgu ulhu Ilm{d shy {my~agyfkdm oa{b}il ao ulm efyia{e$ kaul sfulfg ulm iab~hg hge kmusmmg

Ehuhyua{m hge X Fgy}{hgim' Ylm lhe yade ulmb ulm s{agcyu}oo' Ylm lhe gau k{a}clu fg h iagy}duhgu ga{ lhe ylmsa{jme sful ulm ~{a`miu bhghcmbmgu umhb ag yilme}dfgc


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EHUHYUA[M ILHDDMGCMY IHUMCA[FPME

8' OFGHGIFHDh' A}{ ~{aofuy efe gau bmmu a}{ ~{a`miufagy ulfy mh{'k' Lmhe aoofim ~hy huumgufag ua +ulm kauuab dfgm+ hge sfdd

gau fgi{mhym a}{ k}ecmuy fo sm h{m gau bhjfgc bagm'i' Aooyla{m ~h{ugm{fgc sfdd gau fgi{mhym a}{ {mvmg}m'

;' YHDMY

h' Sm lhvm gau bhem hg gms yhdmy ulfy mh{'k' Usa Yhdmy ~ma~dm x}fu'

9' ULM M\FYUFGC K]YFGMYYh' Iab~mufufag o{ab aooyla{m ehuh yua{hcm fy jfddfgc }y'k' Sm dayu h bh`a{ idfmgu khij fg Emimbkm{'i' Sm lhvm gau oa{b}dhume h ~dhg oa{ X Fgy}{hgimy b}il

gmmeme }~c{hem'

5' YM[_FIM HGE ^[A@MIU BHGHCMBMGU

h' X Fgy}{hgim iab~dhfgy hka}u ym{vfim ag h ehfd khyfy'k' X Fgy}{hgim fy }g{mhyaghkd embhgefgc'i' Yhdmy bhjmy ~{abfymy ulhu Ym{vfim ihg#u jmm~'

=' K]YFGMYY EM_MDA^BMGUh' Embhgey ao m|fyufgc idfmguy h{m bhjfgc fu efoofi}du ua

fb~dmbmgu gms k}yfgmyy yu{humcfmy'k' Aooyla{m ~h{ugm{fgc ~{a`miuy h{m kmlfge yilme}dm'i' Ulm +fggavhufagy+ ulhu h{m kmfgc ~{a~ayme h{m gau slhu

a}{ idfmguy shgu'

?' L]BHG [MYA][IMY

h' Umilgfifhgy h{m avm{sa{jme kmih}ym gms lf{my ea gaucmu }~ ua y~mme x}fijd'

k' Ulm{m fy ga iab~{mlmgyfvm u{hfgfgc oa{ Ym{vfim ~ma~dm'

3' YVYUMBY

h' Sm lhvm ua idmh{ uaa bhg emifyfagy sful lmhe aoofim'k' Lmhe aoofim emifyfagy uhjm uaa b}il ufbm'i' Lmhe aoofim uhjmy h dagc ufbm ua {mdmhym o}gey hge ~h

fgvafimy'e' Lmhe aoofim eamy gau k}ecmu oa{ u{hfgfgc ~ma~dm'm' Yhdmy hge ^{a`miu Bhghcmbmgu ea gau iabb}gfihum

smdd'

o' Ym{vfim fy gau emdfvm{fgc slhu Yhdmy fy ymddfgc'


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ulmf{ }~c{hem' Lm{ iagim{g ulhu ulm ~{a~ayme k}yfgmyyfggavhufagy h{m gau fg ygi sful slhu a}{ idfmguy shgu{modmiume lm{ {myfyuhgim ua ilhgcm hge lm{ efy{mch{e oa{ X

Fgy}{hgimy ilhgcfgc {mx}f{mbmguy' Ylm hdya ymmbmeakdfvfa}y ua ulm ohiu ulhu X Fgy}{hgim lhe kmmg vafifgcym{fa}y iab~dhfguy'

Ilm{dy {myfyuhgim shy }gem{yuhgehkdm' Oa{ h omsmh{y gas$ ylm lhe kmmg bhjfgc h vm{ gfim dfvfgc sful ulfyagm bh`a{ idfmgu k {mgmsfgc hgg}hd ym{vfim iagu{hiuy$bhfguhfgfgc h dagc"yuhgefgc {mdhufagylf~ sful ulmb hgeh{{hgcfgc oa{ c{asul hge }~c{hefgc ua h yyumb of{bd fg

~dhim' Lasmvm{$ slmulm{ ylm {mhdfpme fu a{ gau$ ulm s{fufgcshy ag ulm shdd' X Fgy}{hgimy yyumby sm{m fg gmme ao hiab~dmum avm{lh}d hge Ehuhyua{m shy iabfgc }~ hchfgyuiab~mufua{y sla lhe ba{m ua aoom{' Fg a{em{ oa{ ulmb uailaaym Ehuhyua{m$ Ilm{d sa}de lhvm ua cmu fgua ulmk}yfgmyy ao iagy}dufgc'

Gm|u$ fu shy ufbm ua ihumca{fpm ulm fyy}my' Hu ulfyyuhcm$ ihumca{fmy mbm{cm dacfihdd hge mvm{agm umgey ua

hc{mm ag ulmf{ ~dhimbmgu' Fyy}my ulhu h{m ymmg ua kme}~dfihumy h{m emdmume k iagymgy}y hge h }ymo}d ymu ao gaumymbm{cmy' Fg ulfy ihym$ fu shy h oai}yme$ iaddhka{hufvm mooa{ufg slfil ulm dfgmy ao iabb}gfihufag sm{m a~mg hgemvm{agm shy lmh{e' Slfdm sm uaaj h k{mhj$ ulm gaumy sm{m~{fgume hge efyu{fk}ume'

EHUHYUA[M ILHDDMGCMY CMU [FA[FUFPME

H' ILHDDMGCMY

8' YM[_FIM HGE ^[A@MIU BHGHCMBMGU

;' OFGHGIFHD

9' YHDMY

5' L]BHG [MYA][IMY

=' M\FYUFGC K]YFGMYY

?' K]YFGMYY EM_MDA^BMGU

3' YVYUMBY


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5


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im{uhfg ~h{uy ao ulm k}yfgmyy hu h o{hiufag ao ulm i}{{mgu iayu'Fu sa}de km h efoom{mgubaemd$ gau dmyy k}yfgmyy' Va}{m gaucmuufgc of{me$ a}{m cmuufgc lmd~' Lfy umhb dfyumgme$ hyjme

x}myufagy$ aoom{me a~fgfagy hge ofghdd ulm cahd smgu }~ agulm yi{mmg'

Yumvm ulmg }goademe lfy vfyfag ao ulm m|~hgeme {admao iagy}duhguy fg ulm iab~hg' Lm yhs ulmb hy h lk{fe aoYhdmy hge Ym{vfim hge hdya hy h dfhfyag kmusmmg ulm usa' Lmm|~dhfgme ulm d}i{hufvm a~~a{u}gfufmy fg iagy}dufgc hgefgvfume mvm{agm ua iagyfem{ yum~~fgc fgua ulm {adm' Ulfyvfyfag shy uhjfgc ag hg fgum{myufgc ylh~m$ bademe k hg

mgul}yfhyufi umhb'EHUHYUA[M CAHDY CMU DFYUME

Fu fy gas @}gm$ yf| baguly yfgim a}{ yu{humcbmmufgc' Sm h{m lh~~ sful a}{ k}yfgmyy'

8' Sm h{m bhghcfgc hdd a}{ ~{a`miuy ag ufbm'Hdd a}{ ~{a`miuy h{m ulm {fclu agmy' Sm lhvm ulm ~m{omiu

idfmguy kmgmofufgc o{ab slhu sm ea kmyu'6>- ao a}{ mb~dammy lhvm kmmg sful }y oa{ hu dmhyu yf|baguly'

Yhdmy h{m }~ 3- o{ab dhyu mh{'Ommekhij o{ab idfmguy fy ~ayfufvm'X Fgy}{hgim fy {}ggfgc ybaauld'X Fgy}{hgim fy sa{jfgc sful a}{ iagy}duhguy ag h gms

ymi}{fu yyumb'Iagy}dufgc$ Yhdmy hge Ym{vfim h{m iabb}gfihufgc smdd hge

h{m ao agm bfge'A}{ {mhd ufbm!lfyua{fihd ehuh yyumb lhy kmmg emvmda~me

hge fy gas ulm ohyumyu fg ulm k}yfgmyy'Bh{jmufgc lhy emvmda~me h cdakhd fbhcm omhu}{fgc

iagy}dufgc hge ymi}{fu yyumby'A}{ ehuh {mu{fmvhd fy ulm ohyumyu fg ulm k}yfgmyy'Ofghgifhd h{{hgcmbmguy sful lmhe aoofim lhvm kmmg

yu{mhbdfgme hge ofghgifhd u{hgyhiufagy lh~~mg x}fijd'Sm h{m ~h{ugm{me sful hg aooyla{m iab~hg oa{ ehuh

yua{hcm'Sm lhvm ; gms iagy}duhguy'Sm lhvm 9 gms iagy}dufgc idfmguy'

A}{ Kmuh ~{a`miu sful P [muhfd fy }gem{sh'Sm lhvm {muhfgme hdd a}{ bh`a{ idfmguy'


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=> H K[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

Yabm hgfbhume umilgfihd yla~ uhdj oaddasme o{abslfil mbm{cme h oms ba{m cahdy' Sm lhvm {muhfgme P[muhfd hge ulm h{m ul{fddme sful }y$ ,oaddasme k h oms

il}ijdmy&' Ulmg$ `}yu hy F shy ulfgjfgc hka}u k{mhjfgc oa{d}gil$ a}u ihbm ulm m~f~lhg' Ulm c{a}~ lhe kmmg eafgc hk{fmo$ fgoa{bhd ~ayu ba{umb ag ulm {mimgu efyhyu{a}y yyumbfgyuhddhufag oa{ P [muhfd o{ab mhil ao ulmf{ ~m{y~miufvmy'Ulm y~mi}dhume ag ehbhcm iagu{ad'

Las hka}u bhjfgc ulmb h kmuh yfum1 shy DmggyM}{mjh'

Ulm{m shy h babmgu ao yfdmgim oaddasme k

{}bkdfgcy ao Slhu h c{mhu femh' Fu ia}de sa{j' Ulfgjao ulm bagm sme yhvm$ mui'

H Kmuh yfum fy h~~h{mgud h sfddfgc vad}gumm{ ulhuhddasy a} ua umyu gms ~{ae}iuy hge ym{vfimy fg ulmf{ ofghdyuhcmy ao emvmda~bmgu fg m|ilhgcm oa{ das a{ ga iayu hge~{mom{mgufhd u{mhubmgu' Yhdmy dfjme ulm femh kmih}ym ulmo{mmkmm sa}de h~~mhym ulmf{ efyc{}gudme idfmgu' ^{a`miuBhghcmbmgu dfjme fu kmih}ym fu shy yla{u$ ysmmu hge

bhghcmhkdm' Iagy}dufgc dfjme fu kmih}ym ulm ia}de u{ a}uulmf{ yu}oo hge cmu ommekhij' Bh{jmufgc dfjme fu kmih}ym fushy h o{mm$ ya~lfyufihume oai}y c{a}~' Yumvm dfjme fu kmih}ymulfy cdakhd {muhfdm{ sa}de ~{avfem dmvm{hcm sful ~{ay~miufvmaooyla{m ~h{ugm{y' Mvm{agm dfjme fu kmih}ym fu sa}de km humhb mooa{u hge h c{mhu m|m{ifym fg jmm~fgc ulm dfgmy aoiabb}gfihufag a~mg'

Houm{ oa}{ la}{y$ ulm Ehuhyua{m umhb sm{m ade ~{ay

hu ihumca{fpfgc hge ~{fa{fufpfgc' Sful cahdy myuhkdfylme$ ulmsmdd"mh{gme d}gil k{mhj sa}de cfvm ulmb ulm y}yumghgimulm gmmeme ua iabm }~ sful hg hiufag ~dhg'

Ulm Sfggfgc Umhb

Ula}cl F lhvm sfugmyyme bhg iab~agmguy ao Ulm^dhg ulhu sa{j bf{hi}da}yd$ houm{ hdd ulmym mh{y F yufddihggau yh oa{ y}{m las a{ sl ulfy fy ya' Oa{ m|hb~dm$ F

jgas ulhu ymmfgc ula}cluy ~{a`miume agua h yi{mmg lhy hu{hgyoa{bhufvm moomiu k}u F hb gau y}{m m|hiud sl' Hu ulfy`}giu}{m fg ulm Ehuhyua{m bmmufgc$ hgaulm{ bhcfihd


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Ulm Of{yu Yum~ Slm{m Ua Kmcfg1 =8

u{hgyoa{bhufag lhe uhjmg ~dhim' Ulm yu{agc hge smhj dfgjyao ulm umhb lhe }gbfyuhjhkd mbm{cme hge ~aumgufhddiagumgufa}y fyy}my lhe {myadvme ulmbymdvmy' Dmgg$ slasa{jme ehfd kmlfge ulm yimgmy hy ulm umil ^{a`miu

8' YM[_FIM HGE ^[A@MIU BHGHCMBMGUh' Sm h{m bhghcfgc hdd a}{ ~{a`miuy ag ufbm'k' Hdd a}{ ~{a`miuy h{m ulm {fclu agmy' Sm lhvm ulm

~m{omiu idfmguy kmgmofufgc o{ab slhu sm ea kmyu'i' Ommekhij o{ab idfmguy fy ~ayfufvm'e' X Fgy}{hgim fy {}ggfgc ybaauld'm' A}{ ehuh {mu{fmvhd fy ulm ohyumyu fg ulm k}yfgmyy'

;' L]BHG [MYA][IMY

h' 6>- ao a}{ mb~dammy lhvm kmmg sful }y oa{ hu dmhyu

yf| baguly'9' YHDMY

h' Yhdmy h{m }~ 3- o{ab dhyu mh{'k' Sm lhvm {muhfgme hdd - ao a}{ idfmguy'

5' K]YFGMYY EM_MDA^BMGU

h' X Fgy}{hgim fy sa{jfgc sful h iagy}duhgu ag gmsymi}{fu yyumb'

k' A}{ {mhd ufbm!lfyua{fihd ehuh yyumb lhy kmmgemvmda~me hge fy gas ulm ohyumyu fg ulm k}yfgmyy'

i' Sm h{m ~h{ugm{me sful hg aooyla{m iab~hg'e' Sm lhvm 9 gms iagy}dufgc idfmguy'e' A}{ Kmuh ~{a`miu sful P [muhfd fy }gem{sh'

=' ULM UMHB

h' Iagy}dufgc$ Yhdmy hge Ym{vfim h{m iabb}gfihufgcsmdd hge h{m ao agm bfge'

k' Sm lhvm ; gms iagy}duhguy'

?' BH[JMUFGC

h' Bh{jmufgc lhy emvmda~me h cdakhd fbhcm omhu}{fgciagy}dufgc hge ymi}{fu yyumby'

3' YVYUMBY

h' Ofghgifhd h{{hgcmbmguy sful lmhe aoofim lhvm kmmgyu{mhbdfgme hge ofghgifhd u{hgyhiufagy lh~~mg

EHUHYUA[M CAHDY CMU IHUMCA[FPME


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=; H K[MHJUL[A]CL FG YU[HUMCFI ^DHGGFGC

Bhghcm{$ lhe iabm ua ulm oa{mo{agu hy h vhd}hkdm {mya}{imhge dmhem{'

Ilm{d$ ag ulm aulm{ lhge$ lhe oheme fgua ulm

khijc{a}ge hge y}kud fu lhe kmiabm h~~h{mgu ulhu ylm shygau h ofu ag ulm mbm{cfgc umhb' Yufdd$ ulm{m shy h o{fmgedhubay~lm{m fg slfil ylm shy bh{cfghdd ~h{ufif~hufgc fg ulmbmmufgc hge mgchcfgc sful ~ma~dm e}{fgc ulm k{mhjy' Bc}myy shy ulhu ylm sa}de yaag ilaaym ua bavm ag' Ulmumhb ulhu lhe oa{bme sfula}u lm{ lhe h iabbag vfyfag aoslm{m ulm sm{m cafgc' A}{ gm|u uhyj shy ua cmu ulmb ulm{m'

Hdfcgfgc Ilhddmgcmy hge Cahdy

Kmoa{m ihumca{fpfgc hge ~{fa{fufpfgc cahdy$ iagyfem{ulmf{ iaggmiufag ua ulm dfyu ao ilhddmgcmy' Ulm iagufg}}b fyulhu fg Yuhcm 8 sm aoodahe ilhddmgcmy hge k eafgc ya sm h{mhkdm ua ymu cahdy fg Yuhcm ;$ slfil sfdd km h~~dfme fg ulm

hiufag ~dhg fg Yuhcm 9' Oa{ ulfy ua lh~~mg dacfihdd sfulgaulfgc dmou a}u$ sm ilmij ua bhjm y}{m ulhu ulm{m fy yabmhdfcgbmgu kmusmmg ilhddmgcmy hge cahdy' Kmoa{m~{aga}gifgc ulm dfyu ao cahdy iab~dmum$

A Breakthrough in Strategic Planning

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