A BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CONECUH … BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CONECUH-ESCAMBIA RIVERS IN THE...

A BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CONECUH-ESCAMBIA RIVERS

IN THE VICINITY OF BREWTON, ALABAMA, 1982

Prepared byJ. M. Lawrence, Professor

David Bayne, Associate ProfessorCliff Webber, Research Associate

Department of Fisheries and All led AquaculturesAgricultural Experiment Station

Auburn University, Alabama 36849

December, 1982

A BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CONECUH-ESCAMBIA RIVERS

IN THE VICINITY OF BREWTON, ALABAMA, 1982

INTRODUCTION

The 1982 study is the twelfth yearly survey of biological productivity in

the Conecuh-Escambia Rivers conducted by personnel of the Department of Fish

eries and Allied Aquacultures of Auburn University. Prior to these studies on

the stretch of these two rivers between Brewton, Alabama and Escambia Bay in

Florida, the Institute of Paper Chemistry of Appleton, Wisconsin had conducted

15 surveys.

The primary objective of these yearly studies is to determine if major

changes in ,....ater quality can be detected from studies of the biota. Plankton,

macroinvertebrates, and fish populations are sampled at stations above and

below the Container Corporation of America discharge during periods of low

river flow.

The results of the 1982 study are summarized in this report. It is noted

that the Conecuh-Escambia River system was again subjected to major flooding

in the cooler months of 1982, but the water level during this year's sampling

period was lower than normal for the season. Sample stations were located in

the same general vicinity as those utilized in most previous surveys. The

location of all stations sampled in 1982 are shown in Figures 1 and 2 which

are maps of the Conecuh and Escambia Rivers. Table 1 provides a description

of each station including physical and hydrological features of each location.

The mileage index was calculated using the Brewton Lake outfall as mile 0.0.

Stations upstream of the outfall were assigned negative distances.

2

Brewton Lake(Point of Discharge)

N

, .

U.S. 29 & 31

",

~la.

Fla.

I " '. ~

J.... . . .•:'. '. ... -I

J t '. </..... lI I ,. 1

" 'rMurder Cree k

~EdwardsBridge

I I

1 mile

~Ia,

Fla.

Pine Barre

. ,t---~,

,

Little EscambiaCreek

I I

3 miles

Pensacola

,

Table 1

Description of Sampling Stations on the Conecuh-Escambia Rivers, 1982

Hileage Station Location Current Location of SampleIndex*

-9.9 1 Edward's Bridge Rapid 1/8 mile upstream onWest Bank

-9.7 lA Edward I 5 Bridge Rapid 1/8 mile downstream onboth sides of river

-6.9 2 Hauth of Murder Creek Rapid Immediately upstream(in creek) both sides of river

-0.5 3 1/2 mile upstream Rapid Both sides of riverBrewton Lake

0.3 4 1/4 mile downstream Rapid Both sides of riverBrewton Lake

1.0 5 1 mile downstream Rapid Both sides of riverBretvton Lake outfall

1.6 6 Pollard Landing Rapid East side of river

3. 1 6A Above mouth Little Rapid Both sides of riverEscambia Creek

5.2 7 Overhead pipeline crossing Rapid Upstream pipeline bothsides of river

8.6 7A Century Bridge, Florida Rapid Downstream of bridgeboth sides of river

20 .1 8 Pine Ba rren, Florida Rapid West side of river

38.6 9 totalino, Florida Rapid East side of river

10 Cottage Hill Landing Hoderate Both sides of river

* Mileage based on Brewton Lake outfall as 0.0.as negative.

3

Upstream distances expressed

PART I

PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES, CONECUl!-ESCAMBIA RIVERS, 1982

Phytoplankton samples were collected at two stations by preserving 500 ml

of river water with merthiolate.

Previous studies of this river system have established the fact that

phytoplankton densities are typically low. Results of the 1982 plankton

studies emphasize the contribution of runoff waters from lakes, ponds, and

swamps near the river habitat (Table 2). Typically, riverine habitats with

moderate to rapid flows and sudden fluctuations in water level do not support

dense plankton communities. Diatoms usually occur in higher numbers in

running waters as they are washed free from various substrates (logs, rocks,

debris) on which they grow. The fact that greater numbers of green and

blue-green algae were found in the samples is indicative of the runoff from

streamside ponds.

4

Table 2

Phytoplankters Collected at Selected Stationsin the Conecuh-Escambia Rivers, 17 June 1982

Algal Taxa

Diatoms (Chrysophyta)

Stations1

Phytoplankters/ml

6

PennateCentricOther

Green Algae (Chlorophyta)

FilamentousCoccoidFlagellates

Bluegreen Algae (Cyanophyta)

FilamentousCoccoid

Other Pigmented Flagellates

TOTAL

5

432287

267282

36

22

759

13412

8

8106

91

816

43

426

PART II

HACROINVERTEBRATE CONHUNITlES, CONECUH-ESCAl1BIA RIVERS, 1982

In 1982) macroinvertebrate communities were again sampled to evaluate

extended-term "ater quality above and below the discharge from the Brewton

Hill of Container Corporation of Nnerica (CCA). This "as the 27th biological

survey of this river system documenting long-term effects on the benthos by

paper- making effluents from CCA. Thus abundant background data are available

for comparison.

PROCEDURES

Artificial substrates (plate samplers) were used to sample the macro

invertebrate community. This is a standardized technique allowing better

quanti ta ti ve compar lsons be tween locations in a river sys tern like the Conecuh

Escambia. In this study, as in those conducted the last ten years, multiple

plate samplers of plexiglass were the substrate. Each sampler consisted of a

set of nine 3 x 3 inch plexiglass plates placed on an eye bolt and separated

by 1/8 inch-thick spacers. The upper and lower surfaces of each plate were

sanded providing a textured surface for organism attachment. The total sur

face area (exclusive of edges) was one square foot. The plate samplers were

suspended I to 2 feet below the surface of the water. Four samplers were

placed at each station with two on each side of the river if water depth

permitted.

During 1982 one set of samplers was placed in the river on 17 June and

another set on 8 September. Each set was retrIeved after four weeks. In

retrieving a sampler, the suspending line was slowly lifted until the sampler

was just under the \vater surface, a wide-mouthed container was then slipped

6

under the sampler and the plates were collected in the container of water.

The container with its contents was stored in an ice chest until it could be

returned to the laboratory. In the laboratory macroinvertebrates were scraped

from the plates and preserved in 70% alcohol until they could be counted and

identified.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Current aquatic studies relating biological productivity and water qual

ity still rely on benthic macronvertebrate diversity as a measure of stream

condi.tions. In addition, these macroinvertebrates are often categorized on

the basis of their tolerance to a range of environmental stresses, particu

larly organic enrichment. Organisms that can survive only a narrow range of

environmental stress are called intolerant forms. Organisms that can with

stand wide fluctuations in habitat disturbances are called tolerant. Organisms

that can tolerate occasional periods of stressed conditions are called par

tially tolerant. This system of classification has been based mainly on the

response of the organism to organic enrichment. After determining the

diversity of the macroinvertebrate community at each station, a biological

appraisal of water quality can be made as healthy, moderately polluted,

polluted, or grossly polluted. Since many organisms do not fit clearly into

just one of these categories, this assessment must be used cautiously.

The river bottom within the area included in this study was composed

mostly of shifting sands. During periods of high water the current is swift

and the capacity for transporting sand is great. Scouring of the substrate

caused by these conditions severly limits benthic populations. The multiple

plate samplers allowed a reasonable comparison between sample stations even

though these substrates were subjected to the scouring action of suspended

sediment.7

The river was three feet higher on 17 July than it was four weeks earlier

when the first set of plate samplers were placed in the river. As a result,

no plate samplers were recovered at Eour of the 13 stations sampled and only

one sampler at three stations (Table 3).

A second set of plate samplers were placed in the river on 8 September.

Four stations were chosen, two above the outfall (Station 2 and 3) and two

below the outfall (Station 5 and 7). During the four weeks these samples were

in the river) water levels remained relatively constant because there was

little rain during this period of time. All but two of the sixteen plate

samplers used were recovered (Table 4).

A comparison of data from Tables 3 and 4 show the impact of drastic water

level fluctuations on macroinvertebrates in this river system. Although

greater numbers of taKa were collected at each station from the October set of

plate samplers than the July set, the average number of taxa per sampler

differed little between the two dates. These results were probably due mostly

to the lack of significant fluctuations in water level in the river between

September and October which allowed retrieval of most plate samplers.

The macroinvertebrate Eauna at each station (Eor the July and October set

of plates) consisted mostly of aquatic insects in three orders:

ephemeropterans (mayflies), trichopterans (caddisflies), and dipterans (midges

and blackflies) (Table 5 and 6). A comparison of data Erom Tables 5 and 6

again shows the impact of drastic water level fluctuations. Greater standing

crops of macro invertebrates were collected from the October set oE plate

samplers than the July set.

The community structure of macroinvertebrates collected from all stations

consisted mostly of taKa adapted to erosional habitats. This was true Eor the

plate samplers picked up in July and in October. Examples oE these taxa

include mayflies (Stenonema spp., Heptagenia spp., Caenis spp., and Tricory-

8

Table 3

Number of taxa collected at each station in theConecuh-Escambia Rivers, 21 July 1982

Taxon Stations1 3 4 5 6 6A 7A 8 9

Hydracarina 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

Nematoda 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Oligochaeta 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0

Hi rudinea 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

Ephemeroptera 6 7 4 2 4 5 3 5 6

Trichoptera 6 7 4 2 5 7 4 5 6

Plecoptera 1 1 0 2 1 1 1 2 1

Coleoptera 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 2 0

Odonata 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0

Megaloptera 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

Diptera 10 15 4 7 10 9 3 6 10

Mollusca 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2

Total 30 35 15 16 22 26 14 21 27

No. Samplers Recovered 3 4 1 1 2 2 1 2 2

Taxa/sampler 10 9 15 16 11 13 14 11 14

9

Table 4

Number of taxa collected at each station in theConecuh-Escambia Rivers) 8 October 1982

Taxon Station2 3 5 7

Hyd raca rina 1 0 0 0

Nematoda 1 0 1 0

Oligochaeta 1 1 1 1

Hir-udinea 0 0 0 1

Ephemeroptera 8 6 7 6

Trichoptera 9 3 4 4

Plecoptera 3 2 5 4

Hegaloptera 1 0 1 0

Coleoptera 1 1 2 1

Odonata 2 0 1 1

Diptera 11 14 10 11

flollusca 2 0 2 0

Total 40 27 34 29

No. Samplers Recovered 4 4 3 3

Taxa/sampler 10 7 11 10

10

Table 5

Insect orders and average number of individuals per squarefoot collected at stations in the Conecuh-Escambia Rivers, 21 July 1982

Taxon Stations1 3 4 5 6 6A 7A 8 9

Ephemeroptera 50 42 15 10 30 101 17 33 31

Trichoptera 109 14 48 66 36 25 51 97 59

Plecoptera 1 1 0 6 3 2 1 3 2

Hegaloptera 4 1 2 2 0 3 1 0 1

Coleoptera 0 4 0 0 0 1 1 5 0

Odonata 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 0

Diptera 121 157 135 569 92 442 85 153 172

Total 286 219 200 653 164 574 156 292 265

11

Table 6

Insect orders and average number of individuals per square footcollected at stations in the Conecuh-Escambia Rivers, 8 October 1982.

Orders

Ephemeroptera

Trichoptera

Plecoptera

Negaloptera

Coleoptera

Odonata

Diptera

Total

12

Station2 3 5 7

32 132 194 82

81 1055 1729 323

1 3 2 2

1 0 0 0

1 0 7 1

1 0 1 3

201 716 973 436

318 1906 2906 847

thodes spp.), caddisflies (Hydropsyche spp., Cheumatopsyche spp., and Oecetis

spp.), beetles (Elmidae), stoneflies (Perlidae), and dipterans (Simulium spp.

and various midges). The morphological adaptations of these insects are

related primarily to problems of feeding and growth rather than concealment

from predators and competition (Cummins 1972).

The 1982 classification of macroinvertebrates as intolerant, partially

tolerant and tolerant was modified from previous reports based on addi tional

information regarding certain genera (Georgia Water Quality Control Board

1972; Weber 1973; Hilsenhoff 1977). Based on this classification of macroin-

vertebrate community structure, the river showed no evidence of excess organic

enrichment. (Tables 7 and 8).

In summary, the mul tiple pIa te sampler da ta collected during 1982 did not

reveal any deleterious effects of Container Corporation of hnerica effluents

on the benthic macroinvertebrates in the Conecuh-Escambia River system. The

appendix includes a listing of all benthic macroinvertebrates collected from

each station for the July and October sets of plate samples.

13

Table 7

Number of taxa classed as intolerant, partially tolerantand tolerant collected at stations in the Conecuh-Escambia

Rivers, 21 July 1982

Station Intolerant Partially Tolerant Tolerant

1 2 19 4

3 3 22 4

4 2 11 2

5 2 9 2

6 2 18 2

6A 3 16 4

7A 2 10 1

8 2 14 0

9 4 18 1

14

Table 8

Number of taxa classed as intolerant, partially tolerantand tolerant collected at stations in the Conecuh-Escambia

Rivers, 8 October 1982

Station

2

3

5

7

Intolerant

5

3

5

4

15

Partially Tolerant

23

19

19

16

Tolerant

3

2

4

2

PART III

FISH COHHUNITY STUDIES, CONECUH-ESCANB IA RIVERS, 1982

The same si tes, 1. e. above Ed\'l3rd' s Bridge and below Pollard Landing tha t

have been sampled since 1973 were electrofished on 9 September 1982. Data on

fishing success at each station for 1982 are presented in Tables 9 and 10.

Fish communities above and below CCA outfall were remarkably similar.

Twelve taxa (other than minnows and darters) were recovered at each site and a

total of 109 and 111 fish were collected at the Ed"ard' s Bridge and Pollard

Landing sites, respectively. Sport fish were abundant at both locations.

16

Table 9

ElectroIishing data collected during one hour of shockingin the vicinity of Edward's Bridge, 9 September 1982.

Species

Catostomidae (sucker family)Minytrema melanops (spotted sucker)

Carpiodes velifer (highfin carpsucker)

Moxostoma duquesnii (black redhorse)

Cyprinidae (minnow family)Notropis spp. (shiners)

Amiidae (bowfin family)Amia calva (bowfin)

Lepisosteidae (gar family)Lepisosteus osseus (longnose gar)

Lepisosteus oculatus (spotted gar)

Anguillidae (freshwater eel family)Anguilla rostrata (American eel)

Percidae (perch family)Darters

Centrarchidae (sunfish family)Ambloplites rupestris (rock bass)

Lepomis auritus (redbreast sunfish)

17

Numbers

2

2

1

4165

2

1

2

1

2

4

5

419

Length(mm)

353375

285291

312

50/ea80/ea

109/ea

510426

287

433

458

7444

172174151100

132160151147134109/ea60/ea

I,eight(grams)

500530

320330

300

1.3/ea3.3/ea9/ea

1,290700

34.8

271

197.8

41

110110

6920.2

3790.364.8614619.1/ea

4/ea

Table 9

Continued

Length HeightSpecies Numbers (mm) (grams)

Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill) 1 132 37

rticropterus salmoides (largemouth bass) 9 450 l,320417 1,000325 410280 280276 230260 210238 170210 100172 58.6

Soleidae (sole family)Trinectes maculatus (hogchoker) 2 77 8.3

79 9.0

18

Table 10

Electrofishing data collected during one hour of shockingin the vicini ty of Pollard landing, 9 September 1982.

Species

Catostomidae (sucker family)Moxostoma duquesnii (black redhorse)

Carpiodes velifer (high fin carpsucker)

Cyprinidae (minnow family)Notropis spp. (shiners)

l.episosteidae (gar family)Lepisosteus oculatus (spotted gar)

Amiidae (bowfin family)Amia calva (bowfin)

Percidae (perch family)Darters

Centrarchidae (sunfish family)Ambloplites rupestris (rock bass)

l.engthNumbers (mm)

2 381329

3 277260271

46 60-80/ea

3 379415495

3 377567440

1 70

9 162160148135III108103

9738

\,eight(grams)

636.9405.5

355.2300.8312.4

2.2/ea

150240410

517.81,780

940

3.1

82.78l.264.045.430.423.923.017.0

1

l.epomis auritus (redbreast sunfish)

Lepomis cyanellus (green sunfish)

19

155

2

60-80/ea135111103

8585

7560

4.71 ea51. 122.919.29.09.0

7.73.1

Table 10

Continued

Species NumbersLength

(mm)\~eight

(grams)

Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill)

Pomoxis nigromaculatus (black crappie)

Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass)

Ictaluridae (catfish family)Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish)

Soleidae (sole family)Tr.inetes maculatus (hogchoker)

20

5

3

1

11

1

1

122 27 .1[21 27.4107 20.0

95 12.937 0.594/ea 12.9/ea

240 182

370 711.1369 686.5365 606.7315 454.1310 413310 450.2225 160.0223 134.8

91 9.762 2.268 3.0

368 444.9

83 12

Literature Cited

Cummins, K. W. 1972. \,hat is a River?--Zoological Description. In: Oglesby,R. T., Carlson, C. A., and McCann, J. A. (Eds.), River Ecology and Man.465 pp., pp. 33-52. Academic Press, London and New York.

Georgia \,ater Quality Control Board. 1972. Chattahoochee River Basin Study.Ga. Wtr. Qual. Cont. Bd., Atlanta, Ga. 206 pp.

Hilsenhoff, W. L. 1977. Use of arthropods to evaluate water quality ofstreams. Technical Bulletin No. 100, Department of Natural Resources,Madison, Wisconsin.

Weber, C. I. (ed.). 1973. Biological field and laboratory methods formeasuring the quality of surface waters and effluents. U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency, Washington, D.C.

21

APPENDIX TABLES

22

Table 11

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamples at Edwards Bridge (Station 1), 21 July 1982.

Taxon

Hydracarina

Oligochaeta

Hirudinea

EphemeropteraBaetis spp.Caenis spp.Heptagenia spp.lsonychia spp.Stenonema spp.Tricorythodes spp.

TrichopteraCheumatopsyche spp.Chimarra spp.Hydropsyche spp.Hydroptila spp.Nacronema spp.Oecetis spp.Pupa

PlecopteraUnidentHied

MegalopteraCorydalus cornutusNigrona spp.

OdonataArgia spp.

Diptera

CeratopogonidaePalpomyia spp.

ChironomidaeCladotanytarsus spp.Cricotopus spp.Cryptochironomus spp.Polypedilum convictumRheotanytarsus spp.

Tolerance

T

T

PTPTPT1PTPT

TPTPTPT1PT

PT

PT

PTTPTPTPT

23

a Average No.!ft2

3

5

3

751

2412

1

12087

+b

+++

+

3+

+

1

338

4938

Table 11

Continued

Taxon

Tanytarsus spp.Thienemanniella spp.

Empididae

SimuliidaeSimulium spp.pupa

HolluscaGastropoda

Laevapex spp.

a Average of three plate samples.

Tolerance

PTPT

PT

a Average No./tt 2

64

+

71

4

b The + indicates less than one organism/tt 2 •

24

Table 12

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamples Above CCA Outfall (Station 3), 21 July 1982.

Taxon

Oligochaeta

EphemeropteraBaetis spp.Caenis spp.Heptagenia spp.Isonychia spp.Stenonema spp.Tricorythodes spp.Unidentified

TrichopteraCheumatopsyche spp.Chimarra spp.Hydropsyche spp.Hydroptila spp.Nectopsyche spp.Neureclipsis spp.Oecetis spp.

PlecopteraParagnetina spp.

HegalopteraCorydalus cornutus

ColeopteraDineutes spp.ElmidaeAdults

Tolerance

T

PTPTPT1PTPT

TPTPTPTPTIPT

I

PT

PT

a Average No./ft2

48

113+b

10151+

6122+1

+

+

+

+2+

DipteraChironomidae

Ablabesmyia spp.Cladotanytarsus spp.Cricotopus spp.Cryptochironomus spp.Nilothauma spp.Polypedilum convictumProcladius spp.Psectrocladius spp.Rheotanytarsus spp.Tanypus spp.Tanytarsus spp.Thienemanniella spp. - ~papa

T +PT 2T 69PT 2

+PT 18PT 13PT 3PT 19

+PT 20PT 3

2

Table 12

Continued

Taxon

Empididae

SimuliidaeSimulium spp.


HolluscaGastropoda

Laevapex spp.

Tolerance

PT

PT

a Average No./ft 2

+

+

1

3

a Average of four plate samplersb Indicate less than one organism/ft 2

26

Table 13

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamplers below the CCA Outfall (Station 4), 2l July 1982.

Taxon

Nematoda

Oligochaeta

EphemeropteraIsonychia spp.Heptagenia spp.Stenonema spp.Tricorythodes spp.

TrichopteraChimara spp.Hydropsyche spp.Macronema spp.Neureclipsis spp.

MegalopteraCorydalus cornutus

Diptera

Tolerance a Average No./ft2

PT 4

T 4

1 4PT 2PT 7PT 2

PT 10PT 34I 2T 2

PT 2

ChironomidaeCryptochironomus spp.Polypedilum convictum spp.Rheotanytarsus spp.Thienemanniella spp.

PTPTPTPT

53887

5

a Only one plate sampler recovered this data.

27

Table 14

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamplers one mile below the CCA Outfall (Station S), 21 July 1982.

Taxon

Hirudinea

EphemeropteraStenonema spp.Tricorythodes spp.

TrichopteraHydropsyche spp.Unidentified

PlecopteraAcroneuri.a spp.Paragnetina spp.


Diptera

ChironomidaeChironomus spp.Polypedilum convictumPsectrocladius spp.Rheotanytarsus spp.Thienemanniella spp.Pupa

Empididae

SimuliidaeSimulium s pp.

Tolerance

T

PTPT

PT

II

PT

TPTPTPTPT

PT

a Average No.Jft 2

1

82

624

42

2

23294

231814S26

2

1

a Only one plate sampler recovered this data.

28

Table 15

Benthic Hacroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamplers near Pollard landing (Station 6), 21 July 1982.

Taxon

EphemeropteraCaenis spp.lsonychia spp.Stenonema spp.Tricorythodes spp.

TrichopteraCheumatopsyche spp.Chimarra spp.Hydropsyche spp.Nectopsyche spp.Neureclipsis spp.

HydropsychidaePupa

PlecopteraAcroneuria spp.

OdonataArgia spp.Nacromia spp.

Diptera


ChironomidaeAblabesmyia spp.Cladotanytarsus spp.Cryptochironomus spp.Polypedilum convictumPsectrocladius spp.Rheotanytarsus spp.Tanypus spp.Tanytarsus spp.

PupaAdults


ToleJ:'ance

PTIPTPT

PTPTPTPTT

I

PTPT

PT

TPTPTPTPTPTPTPT

PT

29

a Average No./ft 2

16644

122+b

410

6+

3

2+

1

73

12221914

37 j

21

+

Table 15

Continued

Taxon

Nollusca

GastropodaLaevapex spp.

a Average of two plate samplers.

Toleranc.e a Average No./ft2

4

b Indicates less than the organism/ft 2•

30

Table 16

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamplers in the Little Escambia Creek Area (Station 6A), 21 July 1982.

Taxon

Hydracarina

Oligochaeta

EphemeropteraCaenis spp.lsonychia spp.Stenonema spp.Tricorythodes spp.Unidenti fiedBaetidae

TrichopteraCheumatopsyche spp.Chimarra spp.Hydropsyche spp.Hydroptila spp.Macronema spp.Neureclipsis spp.Oecetis spp.Pupa

PlecopteraAcroneuria spp.

ColeopteraElmidae


Diptera

ChironomidaeAblabesmyia spp.Labrundina spp.Nilothauma spp.Pentaneura spp.Polypedilum convictumPsectrocladius spp.Rheotanytarsus spp.Tanytarsus spp.Pupa

Tolerance

PT

T

PT1PTPT

PTPTPTPT1TPT

1

PT

TPTPTPTPTPTPTPT

31

a Average No./ft 2

2

3

1664484

122+b234

24+b

2

+

3

1077

10285

20731016

Table 16

Continued

Taxon

Empididae

Tolerance a Average No./ft2

4


b Indicates less than one organism/ft 2 •

32

Table 17

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamplers at Century Bridge in Florida (Station 7A), 21 July 1982.

Taxon

Oligochaeta

EphemeropteraHeptagenia spp.lsonychia spp.Stenonema spp.

TrichopteraChimarra spp.Hydropsyche spp.Oecetis spp.Unidentified


ColeopteraDineutes spp.

NegalopteraCorydalus cornutus

Diptera

ChironomidaePolypedilum convictumRheocri.cotopus spp.RheotanytarsusPupa

Tolerance

T

PTIPT

PTPTPT

I

PT

PT

PTPTPT

a Average No./ft 2

2

112

4

443

13

1

1

1

483

34I,

a Only one plate sampler recovered thi.s date.

33

Table 18

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamplers at Pine Barron, Florida (Station 8), 21 July 1982.

Taxon

CrustaceaIsopoda

EphemeropteraBaetis spp.Caenis spp.Stenonema spp.Tricorythodes spp.Unidentified

TrichopteraChimaera spp.Hydropsyche spp.Macronema spp.Nectopsyche spp.Oecetis spp.Pupa

Plecopte raAc roneuria spp.Unidentified

ColeopteraDineutes spp.Elmidae

OdonataZygoptera


Diptera

Tolerance

PTPTPT

PTPTIPTPT

I

PT

PT

a Average No./ft 2

+

317

84+b

978

5+3+

+2

+4

1

1


ChironomidaeAblabesmyia spp.Cryptochironomus spp.Polypedilum convictumPsectrocladius spp.Rheocricotopus spp.Tanytarsus spp.Thienemanniella spp.

PT 1

,

PT +PT +PT 95PT 6PT 30PT 11

PT 3

34

Table 18

Continued

Taxon

Pupa

Empididae

SimuliidaeSimulium spp.Pupa

HolluscaGastropoda

Laevapex spp.Pelecypoda


Tolerance

PT

a Average No./ft 2

3

+

183

5+

b Indicates less than one organism/ft 2•

35

Table 19

Benthic Hacroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamplers at Molino, Florida (Station 9), 21 July 1982.

Taxon

Oligochaeta

EphemeropteraBaetis spp.Caenis spp.Isonychia spp.Stenonema spp.Tricorythodes spp.Unidenti fled

TrichopteraBrachycentrus spp.Cheumatopsyche spp.Chimarra spp.Hydropsyche spp.HydroptUa spp.Oecetis spp.Pupa


Diptera

ChironomidaeEukiefferiella spp.Polypedilurn convictumRheocricotopus spp.Thienemanniella spp.Pupa

Empididae


Tolerance

T

PTPTIPT

IPTPTPTPTPI

I

PIPIPTPT

a Average No./ft 2

147

124++

+4

1140+++

2

24829

24+

b Indicate less than one organism/ft 2 •

36

Table 20

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamplers in Murder Creek (Station 2), 8 October 1982.

Taxon

Hydracarina

Nematoda

Oligochaeta

EphemeropteraBaetis spp.Caenis spp.Centroptilium spp.Ephemerella spp.Heptagenia spp.Isonychia spp.Stenonema spp.Unidentified

TrichopteraCheumatopsyche spp.Chimaera spp.Hydropsyche spp.Hydroptila spp.Macronema spp.Nectopsyche spp.Oecetis spp.Oxyethira spp.

Hydropsychidae

Hydroptilidae pupa

PlecopteraNeoperla spp.Paragnetina spp.

Perlidae


ColeopteraElmidae adult

OdonataArgia spp.Macromia spp.

Tolerance

PT

PT

T

PTPTIIPTIPT

TPTPTPTIPTPT

II

PT

PTPI'

37

a Average No./ft 2

2

13

78

31+b245

17+

195

3710

3+++

7

4

1+

1

1

1

+

Table 20

Continued

Taxon

DipteraChironomidae

Ablabesmyia spp.Cladotanytarsus spp.Cricotopus spp.Cryptochironomus spp.Polypodium convictumPsectrocladius spp.Rheocricotopus spp.Rheotanytarsus spp.Tanytarsus spp.Thienemanniella spp.PupaAdult

Empididae

HolluscaGastropoda

Laevapex spp.Pelecypoda

Tolerance

PTPTTPTPTPTPTPTPTPT

a Average No./ft 2

53

412129

13

57271413

1+

1+

a Average of four plate samplersb Indicates less than one organism/ft 2

38

Table 21

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamplers above the CCA Outfall (Station 3), 8 October 1982.

Taxon

Oligochaeta

EphemeropteraBaetis spp.Caenis spp.Heptagenia spp.Isonychia spp.Stenonema spp.Tricorythodes spp.

TrichopteraChimarra spp.Hydropsyche spp.Hydroptila spp.Pupa

PlecopteraAcronuria spp.Neoperla spp.

ColeopteraElmidae

DipteraChironomidae

Cladotanytarsus spp.Cricotopus spp.Crytochironomous spp.Eukiefferiella spp.Nilothauma spp.Polypedilum convictumPolypedilum illinoenseRheocricotopus spp.Rheotanytarsus spp.Tanytarsus spp.Thienemanniella spp.Pupa

Empididae


Tolerance

T

PTPTPTIPTPT

PTPTPT

II

PTTPTPTPTPTPTPTPTPTPT

PT

a Average No./ft2

89

265

113748

5

57983

157

+3

+

9259

121020

103103

5142

92650

~4

11

a Average of four plate samplersb Indicates less than one organism/ft2

39

Table 22

Benthic Hacroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamplers one mile below the CCA Outfall (Station 5), 8 October 1982.

Taxon

Nematoda

Oligochaeta

EphemeropteraBaetis spp.Caenis spp.Ephemerella spp.Heptagenia spp.Isollychia spp.Stenonema spp.Tricorythodes spp.

TrichopteraCheumatopsyche spp.Chimarra spp.Hydropsyche spp.Neureclipsis spp.Pupa

PlecopteraAc roneuriaNeoperlaParagnetina spp.PerlidaePetronarchidae


Coleoptera

Dineutes spp.Elmidae

larvaeadults

OdonataArgia spp.

Diptera

ChironomidaeCricotopus spp.Cryptochi ronomus spp.-

Tolerance

PT

T

PTPTIPTIPTPT

TPTPTI

III

PT

PT

PT

TPT

a Average No./ft 2

3

292

1342

475373

2

4920

16582

25

11+b

++

+

1

33

1

3415

Table 22

Continued

Taxon

Polypedilum spp.Psectrocladius spp.Procladius spp.Rheotanytarsus spp.Tanypus spp.Tanytarsus spp.Thienemanniella spp.

Empididae

HolluscaGastropoda

1aevapex spp.Pelecypoda

a Average of 3 Plate Samplers.

Tolerance

PTPTPTPTPTPTPT

a Average No./ft 2

3019715

25860

17815

+

111

b The + indicates less than one organism/ft 2 •

41

J

Table 23

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Collected from PlateSamplers at the Pipeline Crossing (Station 7), 8 October 1982.

Taxon

Oligochaeta

Hirudinea

EphemeropteraBaetis spp.Caenis spp.Heptagenia spp.Isonychia spp.Stenonema spp.Tricorythodes spp.

TrichopteraChimarra spp.Hydropsyche spp.Hydroptila spp.LeptoceridaePupa

PlecopteraAcroneuriaPhasganophoraNeope rIaPerlidae

ColeopteraElmidae

OdonataCoenagrionidae

DipteraChironomidae

Cladotanytarsus spp.Cricotopus spp.Eukiefferiella spp.Pentaneura spp.Polypedilum spp.Rheotanytarsus spp.Tanypus spp.Tanytarsus spp.UnidentifiedPupaAdults

Tolerance

T

T

PTPTPTIPTPT

PTPTPT

III

PTPTPIPIPTPTPIPI

a Average No./ft2

37

13

126

171726

4

23295

5+b

+

++11

1

3

1134

66

1968623521725+

Table 23

Continued

Taxon

Empididae

Simulidae

Tolerance a Average No./ft 2

1

4

a Average o£ 3 plate samplers.

b The + indicates less than 1 organism/£t 2 •

43

A BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CONECUH … BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CONECUH-ESCAMBIA RIVERS IN THE...

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