9400 AWY Help Full

Alcatel 9400 AWY software & Alarms solutions

Presented by Eng: Mohamed Tag EL DIN Fouad

Supervised by Eng : Mohamed Reda Menallah Moussa

Agenda

Alcatel 9400 AWY 1320 CT Setup

Alcatel 9400 AWY Software

Alarms Handling ware

3.AWY 2.0.4 Alarms Handling

2

1320 CT Set up 6

installation of 1320 CT package 20

configuration menu 26

Diagnosis 57

supervision 76

SW Download 88

Equipment 94

External point menu 103

line interface 106

performance 110

Radio 122

protection schemes 137

loopback 155

Alarms Handling 162

3

Appendix :-

1320 CT REQUIRMENT

This section describes the recommended minimum HW/SW requirements of the

ECT application for a recognized level of application performances

HW CONFIGURATION

.CPU : Pentium III 850 MHz

.RAM : 512 Mbytes mandatory

.HARD DISK SPACE : 4 Gbyte

.DISPLAY RESOLUTION : 1024 x 768 pixel

.CD-ROM DRIVE : 24x

.PRIMARY INTERFACE : serial port RS-232-c 9.6 to 57.6 Kbps

.OPTIONAL INTERFACE : Ethernet card 10/100 Mbps

4

Windows versions

.Windows 2000 till sp4 included

.Windows XP professional Edition (till sp2 included). It is mandatory to de-active the firewall

installed

Additional requirements

.Netscape communicator or Ms Internet Explorer 4.x or higher

.Java 2 Run time Environment versions from 1.4.2-12

NOTE: Each specific Java version could require minimal Windows sp installation

5

1320 CT Setup

Put REGAWY_204 INTO CD ROM

IT WILL START AUTO RUN

6

SELECT ADVANCED SETTING

7

INSTALL JAVA JRE PACKET

8

PRESS RUN

THEN INSTALL SERIAL-F-INTERFACE DRIVER

AT THE END FILL THE LOWER LAYER SETTING

BY 000000000000 IN SYSTEM IDENTIFIER , SEREIAL PORT IN SUB-

NETWORK TYPE ,

COM NOMBER IN SERIAL PORT AND DEFAULT IN PORT SPEED

NOTE: if pc haven't serial interface you must plug usb to serial converter during

installation

9

After lower layer you must add alcatel lower layer network card

From control panel add new hard ware then press next

11

Select add new hardware

12

Select network adapters

13

Select have a disk then browse

c:\windows\system32\driver\llmannic\oemsetup.inf

14

From network connection

Select alcatel lower layer network card

16

Put mark on internet protocol (tcp/ip) only

17

Put ip address and subnet mask

18

Disable firewall

19

Complete installation by install 1320 ct package installation

20

Alcatel 9400 AWY version 2.0.4 Software

Before access on the microwave you should have the 9 pin cable RS 232 as

shown to be plugged on the ECT in the microwave IDU

21


Open the software, right click to start the supervision on the microwave as shown

below

22


After you started supervision, the lct gives you the name of the microwave link,

then

You begin to show equipment as shown below

23


After you select show equipment , you will enter the application username and

password which are 1-user name : initial as shown below

2-password:initialing

24

Now, we are going to display main tabs which are essential to understand our equipment :-

1- configuration 2- Diagnosis 3-supervision 4-sw download


25


1)configuration: -

this tab includes the following:-

1.1-NE Time 1.2-Network configuration 1.3-Alarm Severities

1.4-system settings 1.5-Quick Configuration 1.6-Profile management

26


1.1)NE Time:-

The NE Time box displays the current NE time and OS time as shown below.

27

1.2)Network Configuration: this configuration allows to perform the following

operations as:- 1.2.1)local configuration 1.2.2)NTP configuration

1.2.3)Ethernet configuration 1.2.4) IP configuration

1.2.5)Quick Configuration


28


1.2.1)Local configuration:-

IT defines the local NE IP address as shown below

29


1.2.2)NTP Configuration:-

This Configuration allows to enable/disable the network time protocol as shown

below.

30


1.2.3)Ethernet Configuration:-

this configuration allows to define the parameters necessary for the Ethernet

interface as shown below.

31

1.2.4 )IP configuration:

This menu is divided in three submenus.

1.2.4.1) IP static routing configuration 1.2.4.2 )OSPF area configuration

1.2.4.3 )IP Point to Point configuration


32


1.2.4.1) IP static routing configuration:-

This menu defines the host destination address for IP static routing configuration

for the NMS Channels Used

33


1.2.4.2) OSPF Area Configuration: -

This menu defines the open shortest path first address which gives a synthetical

information that includes all the addresses specific to NE in an Area (NMS

,Ethernet) features

34


1.2.4.3) IP Point to Point Configuration :-

This menu allows to Enable or Disable the three NMS Channel which use the

ppp protocol .

35


36


1.3) Alarm Severities:-

the alarm severities is divided into four profiles:-

1-NO Alarms: within this profiles all alarms are disabled

2-Primary alarms : This profile enable the emission of the primary alarms

within the Major, Minor and warning alarm severity

3-NO Remote Alarms

4-All Alarms: This profile enables the emission of all the alarms on the

microwave

37


38


1.4) System Settings:-

This Menu allows the system configuration , providing the setting of all

parameters for the NE setup.

39


1.4 )System Settings:-

40


1.5) Quick Configuration:- This is a very important menu that contains all

configurations for this microwave link, this configuration will be saved on a flash

memory stored at the back of the IDU ,This menu is used in case of

commissioning the microwave with anew flash card (Data entry for the IDU),

we have 2 types of Quick Configuration 1- by interactive mode

2-by text file

1- by interactive mode:-This procedure allows a full system configuration through

a guided process. The related windows will be displayed by a wizard tool to

enter the link configuration (manual configuration)

2- by text mode:- This procedure allows the user to load a NE configuration from

a structured XML file , the text file will ask the user to choose a configuration

file through a file browser ,then the user select his own configuration

(Automatic configuration).

41


1.5.1) Quick Configuration by interactive mode steps:-

1st step :- let us make configuration of non protected 1+0 link

42


1st step in case of 1+1 HSB

43


2nd step :- this wizard allows to choose the tributary configuration and the signal

mode status should be selected to be unframed, in case you disabled

it ,you will find no transmission alarms for the free ports in the NE , but you

should select the unframed signal mode to use all ports

44


3rd step in case of 1+0 non protected link :-This menu allows you to define the

basic parameters for each configured channel as TX power(transmitted power),

TX , RX frequencies and the shifter

.

45


3rd step in case of 1+1 HSB protected link:-

46


4th step:- This menu allows to configure one or more 3 OSPF Areas (3 Areas

max)

47


5th step(protection schemes ):-

This step exists in configuring 1+1 HSB protected link.

1+1 HSB = 2 ODUS with the same frequency, 2 IDUS (for backup

MUX/DEMUX), and 2 IF cables

48


5th step(protection schemes ):-

Revertive & Non Revertive:-

Suppose that we have 1+1 link, and we have failure in the main unit, then the

extension unit is the active one and responsible for transmission and reception

from the other site.

If you take the corrective action for the main unit and it is now ready to carry

traffic and will be responsible for transmission and reception from the other site,

then if it is automatically carries the traffic then this operation type is Revertive

but if you activated the main unit to carry traffic manually, then the operation

type will be Non Revertive

49


6th step:- This menu allows to enter the local IP address, and to Enable or

Disable the Ethernet configuration in case there is Ethernet Interface (optional).

50


7th step:- This menu allows to configure the IP point to point interface (RF,

V11,G703 )interfaces.

51


8th step:- This menu allows to complete the IP configuration(static Routing

configuration),

52


9th step:- This menu allows to configure the Auxiliary interface and EOW through

the order wire configuration and the auxiliary interface configuration

53


10th step:- This menu allows to complete the external point configuration.

In case you connect the site external alarms to the microwave as

Power, door, ACS, high temp alarm instead of connecting this alarms to the bts

54


Last step:- This menu summarizes all the parameters configured during this

procedure and some relevant parameters with default values.

55


1.6)profile management:-

This menu allows to change the username and the password of the software used

and to control the users (restricted).

56


2) Diagnosis:-

In this menu we have six options which are available as shown

2.1-Alarms 2.2-Log Browsing 2.3-Remote Inventory

2.4-Abnormal condition list 2.5:-Summary Block Diagram View

2.6-Current Configuration View

57


2.1)Alarms:-

This menu allows the management of the NE alarms(their type severities).

We can open the NE alarms as shown below

58


WE have 3 categories of NE alarms (equipment, external and transmission

alarms)

The Equipment and Transmission alarms are classified as Communication alarm

1- equipment alarms : as Internal communication problem, Cable los, High BER

and PPP fail

2-external: In case you connect the site alarms within the microwave as door

,high temp and power alarm ( but not used in our network)

3- Transmission alarms : as loss of signal alarm for the free ports , AIS alarm

the next table will describe an example of NE alarms including their types,

severity and the time of the alarm , and if this alarm cleared or not.

59


60


2.2) Log Browsing:-

This menu is Divided into 2 submenus which are

2.2.1)Alarm Log Display 2.2.2)Event log Display

2-Alarm log Display: Display all the alarms stored in the NE including full alarm

data (type, severity ,time).

1- Event log display : The Event Log window analyze all the events stored in the

NE.

Note that

This menu is very important in case of the unstable links as you can open this

menu to determine All the alarms and events stored in the NE ,hence you

can take your corrective action to clear your alarms and the link will be stable

again.

61


How to open The Log Browsing menu?

62


2.2.1) Alarm log Display Menu

From this window we can display all the alarm data (time, type of alarm)

Also you can filter any type of alarms you want to display it , you can filter

the major, minor and critical alarms .

63


2.2.1) Alarm Log Display:-

After we select Filter , we will wait for downloading the alarm report as shown

below.

64


2.2.1 Alarm Log Display:-

Then we will see the alarm report , we can save this report as PDF file,

XML File.

65


2.2.2) Event Log Display:-

This menu analyze all the events stored in the NE. The Event report is shown

below.

66


2.3) Remote Inventory:-

This menu shows all the information on the equipment as part number

serial number

This menu helps you incase the link is down, and the site contains many

microwaves and you want to identify your microwave link from this many

Dishes, you can use the remote inventory to identify the serial Number of the

ODU , then you begin to take the corrective action.

Remote inventory is opened as shown below:

67


2.3) Remote Inventory:-

Remote inventory menu is shown below.

68


2.4) Abnormal condition list:-

This menu displays the abnormal conditions made manually as:-

1- TX muting 2-Loopback 3- switching commands (forced,lockout)

The abnormal condition list opened as shown below

69


2.4) Abnormal condition list:-

After you click on the abnormal condition list .

suppose that we Make a loopback, this will give an abnormal condition as shown

below.

70


2.5) Summary Block Diagram View:-

This menu displays the alarms and the status present on link from the 2 sites

as loopbacks, switching and alarms in the IDU and ODU.

The summary Block Diagram View depends on the configuration if it is

1) 1+0 2 )1+1 HST (2IDU, 2ODU,2 IF cable and same frequency)

The summary block Diagram is opened as follow.

71



For The 1+0 Configuration, The block diagram will be as follow:-

72



For The 1+1 HSB Configuration, The block diagram will be as follow:-

IDU loop of ch 1

IDU loop of ch 0

ODU loop of ch 1

RF loop of ch 1

RF loop of ch 0

tributary loop

of ch 1

tributary loop

of ch 0

73


2.6) Current Configuration View:-

This menu shows the current configuration of the NE ( read only file),

you can save this file on your laptop in case you make data collection for

microwaves on site , this will help you in case this link is down because you

saved the configuration file on your laptop before.

we can open current configuration view as shown below.

74


2.6) Current Configuration View:-

after you click on the current configuration view , you will receive the following

file.

75


3) Supervision:-

This tab is responsible for the supervision and management system within the NMS

interfaces ; this menu is divided into four submenus as:-

3.1)Access State 3.2)Restart NE 3.3)MIB Management

3.4)SW key

this menu can be opened as shown below.

76


3.1) Access state:-

This menu allows or inhibit NE craft access , this menu is divided into 2

submenus which are 1)OS 2)Requested

1)OS : access denied, this means that OS only manages the NE and can make changes in the link configuration ,as the craft terminal can read only the NE

configuration without modification in it

2)Request: This menu is to inform that the craft terminal can also manage the

NE operations and configuration with the OS

Note that:-

In case you go to the site and you want to change something in the configuration

as raising TX power for example, but you find that you cannot make this action ,

this means that access denied or the access state in the OS

then select the access state to be requested or call the NMS server to allow your

access,

Other solution:- You can remove the NMS Cabling , and then Reset the IDU, then

you can take your actions, then put the NMS cables again to be managed again

77


3.1)access state :-

In case the access state is OS as shown below.

78


3.1)Access state:

In case the access state is requested.

79


3.2)Restart NE:-

This menu allows a software reset for the NE ,also it can be executed without

affecting the traffic.

this menu can be opened as shown below.

80


3.2)Restart NE:-

from the previous slide , when you click on restart NE the following message appears as shown , then you select yes

81

3.3)MIB Management (Management Information Base):-

The MIB Management includes all the system configuration data, except the

routing configuration data as IP Configuration ,NTP Server Configuration

MIB Management includes 4 submenus :-

3.3.1)Back up 3.3.2)Restore 3.3.3)Remove file 3.3.4)Activate

The MIB Management menu can be opened as follow:-


82

3.3.1)Back up:-

This menu allows to save on the craft terminal the NE Configuration


Step 1

The file name will include

your back up file you want

to create as

1+1configuration 16 E1, then the confirm back up tab will be activeStep 2

Click on confirm back up to start the

operation

Step 3

Press the Refresh button and the new

back up file will appear

after step 3

The new file 1+1 configuration 16 E1

will appear here

83


3.3.2)Restore:-

This menu allows to download the previously created backup file to the NE

Here we should

have the new file

1+1 configuration,16E1

, and confirm Restore is active

After confirm Restore is active, press on it to start downloading

the previously created

backup file to the NE

84


3.3.3)Remove file:-

This menu allows to remove the file, You just downloaded in the previous step

confirm Remove is to remove the file

just downloaded

85


3.3.4) Activate :-

This menu allows to activate the configuration just down loaded in the restore file menu

(2nd step)

Click on yes to activate the

preloaded

backup file

86


3.4)SW key:-

This menu reads the information about the key plugged into the main IDU

The SW key menu can be opened as follow:-

87


4)SW Download:-

This menu contains the flash card software status and versions installed in this

flash cards.

This menu is divided into 3 submenus which are:-

1)Server Access Configuration 2)Init SW download

3)SW Status

88


4.1)Server access configuration:-

This server used to speed up the software downloaded to the NE.

Server access configuration can be opened as shown below.

89


4.1)Server access configuration:-

When press on server access configuration from the previous slide, then this

menu appears

90


4.3) Software status:-

This menu allows to display the information of the software installed in the

we can install 2 software versions in the NE as shown below.

2 software

version are

installed

Committed means

that this software

version is currently in

use

91


4.3) Software status:-

How to activate the other installed software ?Press on 2

Form software management action

press activation then

Press apply action

After you press apply the software

will be activated but you should

reconfigure the link again

92


4.3) Software status(compatibility between SW versions and ODUS versions):-

suppose that we have a faulty ODU and we need to replace it by new one,

after you replace this ODU with new one, alarm is not cleared and other new alarms

appeared as Replaceable unit type mismatch alarm or non understandable alarm as 1.11.111.121.112.11 or High BER , this indicates that the ODU Version is not compatible with the software version installed on the flash card

to solve this problem you have 3 choices:-

1)activate the other software version installed on the flash card , this version may be

compatible with the new ODU and reconfigure the NE again.

but incase the NE contains 1 software version or the other software version is also not

compatible with the new ODU version , then:-

2)replace the ODU with other one compatible with the installed software version

3) change the flash card with other one compatible with the ODU

93


After introducing the equipment configuration, supervision we are going to

describe the Equipment hardware itself through the equipment menu

Equipment:-

This menu describes the microwave hardware , alarms , configuration and remote

inventory

We can open this menu as shown below (Equipment of 1+0 link)

94


Equipment:-

Equipment menu in case of 1+1 HSB configuration (2 ODUS, 2 IDUS)

95


Equipment menu (alarms tabe):-

The alarm menu indicates the alarms exists on the microwave hardware (IDU and

ODU) , we have a coloured ball exists on the IDU and ODU known to indicate

the status of the IDU and the ODU

This colour differs indicates the severity of the alarms as follow:-

Green :No alarms

Cyan : Warning alarm active

Yellow : Minor alarm active

Brown: Major alarm active

Red: Critical alarm active

We can open the equipment alarm as shown in the next slide

96


Equipment menu:-

Alarms tabe can be opened as follow

97


Equipment(Alarm Tab):-

Equipment menu in case of 1+1 HSB configuration (2 ODUS, 2 IDUS)

98


Equipment menu (Configuration tabe):-

This tabe indicates the alarms profile for the selected node, also you can change

this alarm profile from this menu

99


Equipment (Configuration tab):-

IN case of 1+1 HSB .

100


Equipment menu (Remote Inventory tab):-

This menu includes all information about the equipment as part no, serial no

,company identifier, this menu can be opened as shown below

101


Equipment menu (Remote Inventory tab):-

In case of 1+1 HSB

102


External points menu:-

This menu is necessary in case you connected the site external alarms as

(power, high temperature alarm, rectifier alarm, Fire alarm, Door alarm and

AC alarm ) instead of connecting this alarms to the BTS or the BSC.

This menu is classified into :-

1)Input External Points 2)Output External points

We have 6 input external points and 7 output external points.

103


External points menu (Input tabe):-

This menu can be opened as shown below

104


External points menu (Output tabe):-


105


Line Interface:-

This menu allows the user to manage the PDH NMS Interfaces and the tributary

ports interface, This menu is divided into :-

1) NMS Interface 2) Tributaries Interface

Line interface menu can be opened as shown below

106


Line Interface (NMS Interface tab):-

This menu includes the supervision NMS Interfaces, Alarms of this interfaces

and the alarm profiles, you can change the severities of alarm profiles


107


Line Interface (Tributary Interface tab):-

This tab gives information related to the tributaries as:-

Interface type(E1,E3)

Port number

Channel number in case of 1+0 and 1+1 HSB configuration

Rate/Modulation : bit rate of the tributary

Signal Mode: indicates type of frame (unframed/framed/disable)

Line RAI insertion: refers to insertion of the RAI(remote alarm indication)signal in TX side.

Radio RAI Insertion : refers to insertion of the RAI signal in RX side.

Alarm profile : indicates the severity of the alarm( primary alarm)

108


Line Interface (Tributary Interface tab):-

The tributary Interface tab can be opened as shown below

109


performance:-

This menu allows the user to activate and monitor the performance monitoring

process which gives indication on the quality of service , the performance menu can be opened as shown below

110


Performance (threshold table):-

This tab shows how to see or change the threshold values assigned to

performance monitoring counters

we have four supported counters 1) errored seconds:ES

2)Severely Errored seconds : SES 3)Background block Error:

BBE

4)Unavailable seconds:UAS

note that we have 2 types of threshold tables

1)threshold table hop 2)threshold table link

also we have 2 types of performance monitoring 15 min & 24 hr for both types

of threshold tables (hop and link)

111


1)Performance (threshold table Hop ):-

from the threshold menu you can create the threshold value assigned to pm

counters (ES,SES,BBE) as shown below

Threshold

table

creationWrite the

low and

high

thresholds

for the

counters

112


1)Performance (threshold table Hop ):-

as we can see in the picture below you can change the threshold values

assigned to PM (performance monitoring) counters

Threshold table

configuration

113


1)performance (hop tab):-

we have 2 types of performance monitoring 1)15 min performance monitoring

2)24 h performance monitoring

also we have 2 types of reports for threshold hop 1)CD: current data report

2)HD: history data report

for each type of performance you will have the 2 types of reporting (CD & HD)

Two hoping coz

we have 1+1

HSB configureThe 2 types

of pm

includes the

2 types of

reports

114


performance (hop tab):-

In case of 15 min performance monitoring the current data (CD) will be opened

as shown below

Current data view

allows to start and

to read 15 min pm

report

115



In case of 15 min performance monitoring the History data (HD) will be opened

as shown below

History data

view collects

history data for

15 min pm

116



In case of 24hr pm, current data report will be shown as below

117



In case of 24hr pm, History log report will be shown as below

118


2) performance (threshold table link):-

This type of threshold table appears only in 1+1 HSB configuration, from the

threshold menu you can create the threshold value assigned to pm counters

(ES,SES,BBE) as shown below

, the threshold table link menu can be opened as shown below

You can create the

threshold low and high

values through this

menu

119



the 2 types of performance monitoring (15 min, 24hr ) , we have 2 types of reports

(CD & HD), CD: is the current data report taken for both pm( 15 min, 24 hr)

in the picture below , we can observe the current data report CD within 15 min pm

120



In case of 24hr pm, History log HD report will be shown as below

121


Radio:-

This menu allows the user to manage the resources of the radio transmission

channels (channel no, modulation type, TX and RX frequencies, TX power and

ATPC).

This menu contains 5 tab panels which are :-

1)alarms :shows active alarms

2) Configuration: configure some radio parameters

3)frequency: sets the TX/RX frequency.

4)RTPC and ATPC: sets the transmission operations.

5)power measurements: sets the TX and RX power measurements

122


Radio:-

For 1+0 configuration : we have channel 1 only

For 1+1 configuration : we have cannel 1 (main unit) and channel 0 (extension

unit)

Radio menu for 1+0 non protected link can be opened as follow

123


Radio:-

For 1+1 configuration : we have cannel 1 (main unit) and channel 0 (extension

unit)

Radio menu can be opened as follows

124


Radio (Alarms tab):-

This tab includes the fault management and the active alarms on the microwave,

same menu in 1+1 HSB Configuration , Its menu can be opened as shown

below.

125


Radio (Configuration tab):-

This menu includes information related to the transmitter status through the

TX Mute function , this menu can be opened as follows.

same menu will be opened in 1+1 HSB Configuration

126


Radio (frequency tab):-

This tab can be opened as shown below (explaining this tab at next slide)


127


Radio (frequency tab):-

This menu indicates the TX and RX frequency , also it describes the shifter

Shifter = TX frequency- RX frequency

Shifters are variable according to the operating frequency , the table below shows frequency and the related shifter.

TX Frequency range: is the range of frequency written on the ODU unit, in case

you have a faulty ODU unit and you need to change it, the new ODU should be

Within this range

128

Frequency Band Shifter

23 GHZ 1008 MHZ

25 GHZ 1008 MHZ

38 GHZ 1260 MHZ

8 GHZ 126 , 154, 162 MHZ


Radio (RTPC & ATPC tab):-

This menu allows to read and set the TX power parameters.

ATPC means automatic transmitted power control, RTPC means range transmitted power

control. same menu will be opened in 1+1 HSB Configure


129


Radio (Power Measurement tab):-

This menu allows to read the Power level (TX & RX) for the local and the Remote

stations , This menu can be opened as follows

130


Radio (Power Measurement tab)for 1+0 non protected link:-

After you press start , you will find a graphical representation for the TX & RX

levels for both local and remote site, then click on show details to have a table indicating

these levels with their maximum , minimum and current states

TX local end

:transmitted power at

your site

TX far end: transmitted

power from the

remote site

RX local end : received

power at your site

RX far end : received

power at remote site

131


Radio (Power Measurement tab)for 1+1 HSB protected link:-

for the 1+1 HSB protected link, we have 2 channels:-

channel 1 for main unit and channel 0 for extension unit, the two units are connected

together through b2b connection within the IDUS(MUX/DEMUX)protection and coupler

within the ODU

this coupler makes a difference of 10 db between the main and the extension units

Note that:-

IF the extension unit is acting as the active unit for site A in the HST TX protection, then

the main and extension unit at the other site(site B) will have received level decreased by

10 db rather than the main unit is the active unit transmission in site A .

RX level at channel0= RX level at channel 1-

10db

132


Radio (Power Measurement tab)for 1+1 HSB protected link:-

Form the 2

tables, we found

that RX at main

unit ch1=-47.9,-

48.5 for the

local and far

ends

respectively,

While for the

extension unit

ch0 we found

that RX at local &

far ends=-57.8,-

56.4

TX is stand by

in ch0 for both

local & far ends

TX is active in

ch1 for both

local & far

ends

133



How to read a power measurement file?

Suppose that you have an unstable link , and you want to determine the power

level variation ,then you should follow this steps:-

1- click on Read File , then press select file as shown

134



after you select file then the directory of the ct will open automatically as shown

step 2: 2- select the desired file and click open to open this file as shown.

135



step 3: A WordPad file of the TX & RX levels appears as shown below.

136


Protection schemes:-

This Menu displayed only in protected 1+1 HSB microwave links for managing

the switching between ch1 & ch0, the protection schemes menu can be opened

as

137


The protection schemes menu is divided into 3 main tabs which are:-

1)Mux/ Demux 2)HST TX protection 3) Radio Protection.

the block diagram shown below explain the 3 protection schemes.


Mux

protection

HST TX

PROTECTION

dDemux

protection Radio protection

138



1)Mux/ Demux protection: protection in TX/RX side towards the IDU

Mux protection in TX SIDE, Demux protection in RX side

2)HST TX protection: transmission protection towards the ODU side

3) Radio Protection: Hitless Receiver protection.

The three protection schemes operation type indicates if there is automatic

restoration criteria or not through Revertive and Non Revertive operation

If Revertive then we have automatic restoration and Non Revertive then we have manual restoration

Revertive & Non Revertive well explained in slide 49

139



for the 3 schemes , there is a list of commands you should know for modification the state

of switching between the main and extension units

1) Lockout : this commands equals to switching off the unit, suppose that you apply lock out command on the extension unit , then if the main unit became faulty , then the link will

be down no protection available due to locking out command of ch0 , Gives abnormal condition indication, lock out command is available for the standby unit

2)Forced :to force the protection on one unit only, suppose that the main unit suffers from

HIGH BER then you can force the protection to the extension unit , then if you take the

corrective action for the main unit and HIGH BER alarm cleared, the extension

unit still the active unit due to the forced command , Gives abnormal condition indication, forced command is available for the active unit,

active unit ch1+forced command= spare unit ch1

3)Automatic switch: normal switching operation condition

4)Manual : this command cannot be performed if forced or lock out commands is already

active, rarely used command

140


Protection schemes (Mux/Demux protection):-

Automatic

restoration will

takes place

Main unit is active and the

extension unit its backup

for protecting Mux/Demux

Automatic switching normal condition

141


In case of the lock out command


Select lock out and then press

apply

142



in case of forced command

Select forced

and then press

apply

143


Protection schemes (HST TX):-

Automatic

restoration

Main unit is the active

unit which means main

ODU only transmits to

the other site , but

the extension unit is

stand by

144



In case of lock out command : lock out command is available for the standby

channel only i.e ch0

145



In case of forced command: the forced command is available only for the active

unit i.e ch1

Forced command is available

for the active channel, to force

the transmission on stand by

ODU ch0

Select Forced and then press apply

146



In case of forced command: the forced command is available only for the active

unit then the main unit will be the spare unit as we can see that in the previous

slide, the main unit ch1 was active but when applying forced command it

became the spare unit as shown below

147



from the previous slide, we can observe that the main unit ch1 became the stand

by after applying the forced command on it, the table below shows

the power measurement for ch1 after applying the forced command

No TX power for the

local end due to forced

command indicating

abnormal condition

RX far end became -

63 because the

extension unit ch0 is

the active unit in

transmission and

there is -10 db

difference between

ch1 & ch0

RX local

end still

-53 coz

ch1 at

remote

site is

the

active

unit

148


Protection schemes (Radio protection):-

Radio protection means receiver protection ,it includes 3 main tabs

1)Alarms 2)protection scheme parameters 3)RX static delay

Automatic

restoration for the

receiver

protection

Automatic

normal

condition

:main unit is

active and

extension unit

is spare

149



1)Alarms:-

The most common alarm observed on the radio protection is Loss of alignment

this alarm takes place in case there is failure any unit (main unit or extension)unit

this means that there is no radio protection and there will be receiver delay because the

other unit is faulty, to solve this problem

take the corrective action towards the faulty unit so that the link became 1+1 protected link

and then activate the hitless switch radio protection by aligning the RX static delay

through the automatic operation

next slide shows how to clear the Loss of alignment through the RX static delay

150



3)RX static delay menu can be opened as shown below.

To clear the loss of alignment alarm click

on RX static delay tab

and press align to

activate the

automatic operation

for the hitless switch

151



the switching commands are available for the Radio protection:-

1)Lock out: lock out command is available for the standby unit, an abnormal condition

appears when lock out command is active.

2)forced command: forced command is available for the active unit to change it

to the standby, an abnormal condition appears when forced command is active

3)Automatic switching (None): is the normal switching condition

switching commands are well explained in slide 140.

152



IN case of lock out command, you will have this menu:-

153



IN case of automatic switching None command is used to remove the lock out

command in the previous slide , select None and then you will have this menu

154


Loopback:-

You can use this menu to do the following:-

1)IF you have communication alarm between the 2 sites as High BER, demodulator fail, modulator fail , RX fail you can use the RF loop back to

decide weather the fault is on your local site or from the remote site such that

IF you make RF loop and the alarms cleared and you have normal received

level then the problem will be on the other site

2)IF you have transmission alarm as AIS for a tributary carries a bts, and this

bts suffers from AIS, you can use tributary loopback to check the route

3)checking equipment (IDU, ODU , CONNECTORS AND IF CABLE)

155


Loopback:-

WE have 6 types of loopbacks in both 1+0 configuration and 1+1 HSB configuration:-

1)RF loopback: is to check the total path including( IDU, IDU CONNECTOR, IF

CABLE,ODU CONNECTOR, ODU)

2)ODU loopback: to check the path before ODU including (IDU,IDU CONNECTOR, IF

CABLE, ODU CONNECTOR)

3) IDU loopback: to check the IDU equipment

NOTE that :in case you activate any loop of the previous 3 loopbacks : the link will be

down and you will effect traffic.

4)tributary loopback (E1-TX port x NE): input loop back at the tributary

5) tributary loopback (E1-RX port x NE): loopback towards the remote station at a

tributary , but this loopback is not available.

6)tributary loopback (E1- RX port x FE): loopback at the tributary in the remote

station.

activation of any loopback of the previous loopbacks will indicate an abnormal condition

in the NE.

156


Loop Back in 1+0 non protected link:-

Tributary input

loopback at your

local station

Near END

IDU LOOP to check the

IDU

Equipment

ODU LOOP

To check the path

from the IDU to

the ODU Connector

RF LOOP

To check the whole

path and to indicate

if the problem is in

your site or in the

remote site

Tributary

loopback at

the Remote

station Far END

157


loop back:-

How to open the loopback menu ?

Trtributary loop

back at local site

IDU loopback

Tributary loop back

towards remote site

not available loop

ODU

LOOP

BACK

RF

Loop

back

Tributary loop back

at the remote

station

158


loop back:-

How to activate any loopback ?

assume that we will make RF loop so you will follow the following steps as shown below

any loop can be activated by the same method

Select

RF and

then

press

Active

Abnormal

condition

list

indicates

RF loop back and

AC became

Blue

colored

159


loop back in 1+1 HSB protection:-

we have additional 3 loops than 1+0 non protected ,these 3 loops performed

through ch0 (extension unit).

Note that :-

you cannot activate any loops of ch0 if it is not the active unit

therefore you can make (RF,IDU,ODU)loops of ch0 ,when ch0 is the active unit

ie active in (TX , Radio protection and Mux/ Demux protection)

160



For The 1+1 HSB Configuration, The block diagram shows loopback available at 1+1 HSB

IDU loop of ch 1

IDU loop of ch 0

ODU loop of ch 1

RF loop of ch 1

RF loop of ch 0

tributary loop

of ch 1

tributary loop

of ch 0

ODU loop of ch0

Tributary loop of

ch1 at remote site

Tributary loop of

ch0 at remote site

161

3)Alarms Handling:-

In this section we are going to describe the alarms and how to clear it,

the most common repeated alarms is :-

1)High BER

2)Modulator fail

3) Demodulator fail

4)RX fail

5) TX fail

6)modulator los

7)demodulator los

8)loss of frame

162

3)Alarms Handling:-

to solve any of this alarms you should follow the following steps:-

1)Make RF loop to decide if the problem is in your site or in the remote site

if the alarms cleared and you have acceptable RX level at your local station

then go to the other site and do the following, you will make another RF loop

and this alarms will not be cleared then the problem will be on your site

to solve this problem follow this steps

2) check the connectors and the IF cable carefully ,then

3) Replace ODU after you checked the connectors and the IF cable

4) if the problem still exists then try to change the IDU and alarm will be cleared

from the previous steps you can solve the mentioned alarms in the previous

slide

5)next slide will show you how to replace ODU?

163

3)Alarms Handling:-

How to replace ODU?

Suppose that we have a 1+1 HSB link and we need to replace the extension

ODU

1st step: switch off the extension IDU as shown below,

Extension

unit is

switched off

164

3)Alarms Handling:-

2nd step remove the connector of the extension ODU as shown below.

before removing the connector after the connector removed

Before

removing the

connector

from the

extension

unit

165

3)Alarms Handling:-

3rd step plugged out the faulty extension ODU and determine the polarization

towards the antenna for the new ODU as shown below and prepare the new

ODU .

Faulty ODU is

plugged out

and we have

vertical

polarization

Connector is

plugged here for

the new ODU

166

step 4: plug in the new ODU very well , and then put the IF connector as shown

below.

plugging in the New ODU IF connector is plugged in the ODU

step 5: switch on the extension IDU

3)Alarms Handling:-

167

How to change IDU?

1st step :switch off the IDU as shown below

3)Alarms Handling:-

IDU is

switched

off

168

2nd step: plug out all the cables (power, interfaces & IF) from their slots as shown

below.

3)Alarms Handling:-

interfaces

cables

removed

Upper slot

indicates

from 9 to

16

tributaries

And the

lower slot

indicates

from 1 to 8

tributaries

If cable

removed

from

IDU

169

3rd step : plug out the flash card located at the back of the IDU

last step: plug in the flash card into the new IDU carefully

last step: switch on the IDU after you plugged in all the cables(power, interfaces & IF)

3)Alarms Handling:-

Plug in the flash

card carefully to

the new IDU

170

other alarms:-

1)cable los: check the 2 IF Connectors and the IF cable carefully, if the problem still exists

,change IDU unit, then ODU if the problem still exists.

2)alarm replaceable unit type mismatch or 1.11.11.12.21 : ODU version is not compatible

with the software version installed on the flash card , to solve this problem you can do the

following a)change the new ODU with other one compatible with the flash card software

version b) activate the 2nd software version it may be compatible with the ODU

version and then reconfigure the link again

c)change the flash card with other one and its software version is compatible with the

new ODU

3)Internal communication problem: check the connectors, then IDU

4)los of alignment: a problem in the radio protection switching , this alarm appears in 1+1

HSB Configuration only, to solve this problem see slide 150

5)incompatible shifter: apply the right shifter value for the operating frequency see slide

127

3)Alarms Handling:-

171

some problems may cause HIGH BER alarms and loss of frame:-

1)alignment problem : the reason of this problem is bad weather conditions or the support

carrying the microwave is not well fixed , such that the RX level at both sites is not stable

this will cause High BER alarm

How can you identify that this BER alarm is due to alignment problem?

a)check the equipments at the two sites through RF loopback, then you will have

acceptable RX levels and alarms cleared this indicates that the equipments is good

b)open the power measurement table and monitor the RX levels for local and far ends

with their minimum, maximum and current values

c) the Rigger Must check that the line of sight is clear and there is no obstacles.

to solve this problem try to realign the link from the 2 sites using alignment tools to give

the best RX level at both sites, thus the BER alarm cleared and link is

3)Alarms Handling:-

172


2)Wave guide problem:-

the wave guide is rarely used in our network , this wave guide is used in nonintegrated

antenna, any cut in this wave guide will effect the RX levels at local and far end to be very

weak about -77 db which causes high BER

to solve this problem

Replace the wave guide with other one such that the RX level will be normal again and

the BER alarm will be clear

3)Interference problem:

This problem occurred when there is two microwave links have the same alignment and

same frequency, this will gives an interference problem leading to high BER alarm

3)Alarms Handling:-

173


3)Interference problem:

How can you identify the interference problem ?

1)switch off the transmission from your site and try to observe the RX level at the

remote site , you will have RX level (this RX level is not from your opposite site)

but this is due to interference problem with other link

2) switch off the transmission form the remote site and try to observe the RX

level at your local site, you will have RX level (this RX level is not from your

opposite site) but this is due to interference problem with other link.

from 1 & 2

you will observe that when you switch off transmission from any site, the other

site will receive signal , this means that there is interference problem

3)Alarms Handling:-

174


How to solve Interference problem?

a)avoid installation of links having the same alignment and frequency

b) using default frequencies : this frequencies can overcome the interference

problem the table below shows the default frequencies can be used for mobinil

bands.

3)Alarms Handling:-

175

Band Frequency high Frequency low

BAND 23 GHZ 23254000 22246000

Band 25 GHZ 25781000 24773000

Band 38 GHZ 38598000 37338000


4)Coupler problem:-

This problem occurs in 1+1 HSB configuration only , , if the coupler became

faulty it may effects the RX level at both sites it will make losses about -20 db

leading to high BER.

how can you identify that this is coupler problem?

a)check the equipments by RF loopback at the 2 sites.

b)remove the coupler form 1 site and observe the RX level at both local and far

ends, if the RX level became normal at both sites then the problem is in the

coupler

we can solve this problem by changing the coupler with new one and if you don't have spare available, you can remove the faulty coupler such that the link

became 1+0 from your side, and 1+1 from the other side.

3)Alarms Handling:-

176

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