The BrainSection 9.3

Pgs. 427-434

We are learning to…Describe the anatomy of the nervous system.

Explain the mechanisms that enable the body to maintain homeostasis by understanding the physiology of the nervous system.

Activities1. Cocktail party – circulate with others

Talk about the weather, school, gossip, biology

2. Memory Challenge

3. Say the Word, not the Colour

BlueGREENORANGE

The Central Nervous System (CNS)CNS = Brain + Spinal Cord

The Cerebrum (pg. 429)

SC 41: Label the parts of the brain and describe the function of each

Motor Cortex

SC 41: Label the parts of the brain and describe the function of each

Summary (pg. 429)

SC 41: Label the parts of the brain and describe the function of each

Nervous/Endocrine ConnectionBelow the cerebrum is the thalamusBelow the thalamus is the hypothalamus

A direct connection between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland unites the nervous system with the endocrine system

MidbrainThe midbrain is less developed than the

forebrainActs as a relay centre for some eye and ear

reflexes

Brains

HindbrainCerebellum - controls limb movements, balance, and

muscle tone

Pons (bridge) - a relay station that passes information between the two regions of the cerebellum and between the cerebellum and the medulla

Medulla oblongata - acts as the connection between the peripheral and central nervous systems; also acts as coordinating centre for the autonomic nervous systemControls involuntary muscle movement… such as?Heart rate, breathing, vessel diameter,

Brain StructureThe Brain is covered by a three-layer

protective membrane known as the meningesOuter layer = dura materMiddle layer = arachnoid materInner layer = pia mater

These three layers form the blood-brain barrier, determining what chemicals will reach the brain

Meninges

MeningitisBacterial or viral infection of the meningesSymptoms include:

Intense headacheStiff neckFever, confusionVomiting

Medical emergency - can lead to death if untreated

SC 40: Discuss the relationship between the CNS and meningitis

Cerebro Spinal Fluid (CSF)Cerebrospinal fluid

circulates between the innermost and middle meninges of the brain and through the central canal of the spinal cordShock absorberTransport medium, carrying

nutrients to brain cells while relaying wastes from the cells to the blood

This One Goes to 11…Physicians can extract cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal cord to diagnose bacterial or viral infection. The technique, referred to as a lumbar puncture or spinal tap, is used to identify poliomyelitis and meningitis

The Spinal Cord

Success Criteria40. Discuss the relationship between the CNS

and meningitis.41. Label the parts of the brain and describe

the function of each.

DissectionSafety

Hair tied back, goggles and gloves worn

RespectThis is an educational opportunityMishandling of the specimens will not be

tolerated at all

GoalsTry to identify different regions of the brainTry to separate the different layers of the

meningesTry to find your goal structures