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Transcript of 9/26 Focus:
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• 9/26 Focus:9/26 Focus:– The Phoenicians spread ideas
throughout the Mediterranean and they are credited with starting the modern alphabet.
– The Persians formed one of the largest and best governed empires in the ancient world and made great cultural achievements.
• Do Now:Do Now:– Explain how the geographic location of a
group of people might influence their culture.
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ReviewReview
• Where did the Hittites originally Where did the Hittites originally come from?come from?
• What technological development What technological development made them a powerful military force?made them a powerful military force?
• Why were the Assyrians hated by the Why were the Assyrians hated by the people they conquered?people they conquered?
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The Chaldeans The Phoenicians
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Nebuchadnezzar IINebuchadnezzar II
• Chaldean king who rebuilt the Babylonian empire– Took over the
southern and western Assyrian empire after that empire collapsed
– Neo-Babylonian Empire
– Captured Jerusalem and sent many Jews back to Babylon as slaves
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Nebuchadnezzar II
• Made Babylon one of greatest cities of that time
• Ancient writers claim that he constructed the Hanging Gardens of Babylon– One of the seven
wonders of the ancient world
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Artists rendition of what the Hanging Gardens may have looked like
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PhoeniciansPhoenicians
• Lived in along the coast of modern day Lebanon • Mountainous terrain
made it difficult to farm• They became expert
sailors • Established trade
routes and trading colonies throughout the Mediterranean – Carthage in North
Africa was one the largest colonies
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Phoenicians Phoenicians
• “The Carriers of Civilization”– Spread ideas,
technology, customs from the Middle East through the Mediterranean as they traded
• Created the Alphabet
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How far did the Phoenicians sail?
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The Greek historian, Herodotus claimed that the Phoenicians had circumnavigated Africa
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Some theorize that the Phoenicians may have even made it to the Americas. This is theory is generally
not accepted.
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Persians
• Cyrus the Great– 559-529 BCE– Established the
Persian Empire • Extended from N.
Africa to India• Allowed people to
keep their customs
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Persians• Darius the Great– 522-486 BCE– Established large
network of roads• The Royal Road
– Created postal system – Used a single currency – Appointed governors
to run sections of the empire• Called Satraps
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Persians
• Zoroastrianism – Based on the
teachings of Zoroaster• Monotheistic Religion
– Belief in one god – God was named Ahura
Mazada
• Good actions and thoughts lead to immortality
• Tolerant of other religions
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Closure
• What legendary achievement did Nebuchadnezzar construct in Babylon?
• Why did the Phoenicians focus on trade by sea for their livelihood?
• Why were the Phoenicians known as carriers of civilization?