9 Week 3 Intelligence. 2 Defining Intelligence Intelligence the capacity to understand the world,...
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9Week 3
Intelligence
2
Defining Intelligence Intelligence
the capacity to understand the world, think rationally, and use resources effectively when faced with challenges
Intelligence Tests tests devised to measure and identify
an individual’s level of intelligence
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Measuring Intelligence Mental age
the average age of children taking the Binet test who achieved the same score
Chronological age physical age
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Measuring Intelligence
IQ = MA x 100
CA
(Feldman, 1999)
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IQ Tests Stanford-Binet Test
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III (WISC-III)
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Achievement & Aptitude Tests Achievement Test
a test meant to ascertain a person’s level of knowledge in a given subject area
Aptitude Test a test designed to predict a person’s
ability in a particular area or line of work SAT, ACT
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Reliability & Validity
Reliability the concept that tests measure
consistently what they are trying to measure
Validity the concept that tests actually measure
what they are supposed to measure Norms
standards of test performance
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Alternative Formulations of Intelligence G or G-factor
an early theory that assumed there was a general factor for mental ability
Fluid Intelligence reflects reasoning, memory, and
information processing capabilities Crystallized Intelligence
information, skills, and strategies that people have learned through experience
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Alternative Formulations of Intelligence Gardner’s Seven Intelligences:
Musical intelligence Bodily kinesthetic intelligence Logical-math intelligence Linguistic intelligence Spatial intelligence Interpersonal intelligence Intrapersonal intelligence
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Contemporary Approaches
(Feldman, 1999)
(Feldman, 1999)
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Mental Retardation Significantly subaverage intellectual functioning that occurs with related limitations in two or more of the adaptive skill areas
mild retardation IQ = 55-69
moderate retardation IQ = 40-54
profound retardation IQ below 25
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Mental Retardation Causes
identifiable biological reason (e.g. Down’s Syndrome)
familial retardation Care and Treatment
least restrictive environment mainstreaming full inclusion
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Intellectually Gifted The two to four percent of the
population who have IQ scores greater than 130
social stereotypes of gifted people
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Questions regarding IQ tests Are traditional IQ tests culturally
biased? Are there racial differences in
intelligence? To what degree is intelligence
influenced by the environment and to what degree by heredity?
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Heredity & Environment Issues
Culture-fair IQ test a test that does not discriminate
against members of any minority group
Heritability a measure of the degree to which a
characteristic is related to genetic, inherited factors
18(Feldman, 1999)
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The Flynn Effect
(Feldman, 1999)
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E-mode online IQ test for fun…http://www.emode.com/tests/uiq/authorize/register.jsp?url=/tests/uiq/index.jsp
Online IQ tests… just for fun…
Ultimate IQ TestVerbal IQ TestLogic IQ TestCulture Fair IQ TestExceptional IQ Test are all free at: http://www.brain.com/
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References Feldman, M. (1999). McGraw Hill
Company. Retrieved May 2002 from World Wide Web at: http://www.mcgrawhill.com.
Kohn, A. J. & Kohn, W. (1998). The Integrator 2.0. CD-Rom. Brooks/Cole Thomson Learning.
Richardson, K. (1999). Retrieved May 2002 from the World Wide Web at:http://www.monmouth.edu.