9 Th Summit Final Report

8/6/2019 9 Th Summit Final Report

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IGAD/SUM-9/2002-PROC.

INTERGOVERNMENTALAUTHORITY ON DEVELOPMENT

IGAD Secretariat, P.O. Box 2653, Djibouti, Republic of DjiboutiTel: (253) 354050; Fax: (253) 356994/356284; E-mail: [email protected]

Website: http://www.igadregion.org

PROCEEDINGS OF

THE 9th SUMMIT OF THE ASSEMBLY OFHEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT OF THE

INTERGOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY ONDEVELOPMENT (IGAD)

10 - 11 January 2002, Khartoum, Republic of Sudan


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Proceedings of 9th IGAD Summit 1

THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 9th SUMMIT OF THE ASSEMBLY OF HEADS OFSTATE AND GOVERNMENT OF IGAD, Khartoum 10 11 January 2002

INTRODUCTION

1. The 9th Summit of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the IntergovernmentalAuthority on Development (IGAD) was held in Khartoum from 10 11 January 2002. The

Summit was chaired by the President of the Republic of Sudan, H.E. Omar el Bashir and was

attended by the Presidents of Djibouti, Eritrea, Kenya, Somalia Transitional National

Government (TNG) and Uganda, and the Prime Minister of Ethiopia. Others in attendance

included IGAD Executive Secretary, representatives of IGAD Partners Forum, regional and

international organisations, and bilateral and multi-lateral institutions. (List of delegates isattached in Annex ).

OPENING

2. In his opening address, the President of the Republic of Sudan, H.E. Omar el Bashir,welcomed all delegates and invited guests to the 9th Summit on behalf of the people and

Government of Sudan and on his own behalf for having responded to this important

Assembly. On the mandate given to the Chairman of IGAD by the 8th Summit, the President

outlined the Sudan efforts to bring lasting peace to Somalia and appreciated the efforts by

Djibouti and Government of Kenya. He appreciated various ministerial efforts and

consultations held by IGAD in various sectors aimed at promoting regional integration and

called upon them to continue until the region is self- reliant and integrated. He added that the

events of September 11 in the USA and their effects on international economic and political

landscape had great impacts on the sub-region. It was therefore important for the region to

prepare for these eventualities by creating a spirit of oneness in the region with facilities for

publicity, exchange of cultural, inter regional exchange of information by police and security.

3. The President observed that the region was plagued by inter and intra state conflicts that wereimpediments to both national and regional economic development. In conclusion the President

called upon IGAD to move further and design projects on energy and electricity between

countries and control of cross border human diseases. (Full text appears in Annex )

4. In his statement, the Executive Secretary of IGAD Dr Attalla Hamad Bashir informed themeeting of the achievements, challenges and constraints the Secretariat had under gone during

the year 2001. He re-stated that the role of IGAD as a developmental vehicle had been

confirmed by a group of independent consultants who had been commissioned to evaluate and

assess IGAD. In addition, and as was to be presented by the Chairman of the Council of

Ministers, the secretariat was now in a position to present concrete report on project

initiation, formulation and implementation. The Secretariat had also been involved in Somalia

and Sudan Peace processes.


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5. The Executive Secretary informed the Summit that resource mobilisation; relations with IPFand payment of assessed contributions from member states were particular issues that needed

their attention and guidance. The Secretariat had noted that Partners had been supporting

IGAD member states on bilateral basis but very few supported IGAD efforts on sub-regionalco-operation and development. The Executive Secretary indicated that the issue of assessed

contribution was very serious and the Secretariat remained in a very bad financial situation.

He was grateful for the countries that had paid part of their contribution during the Summit.

The Executive Secretary thanked those serious partners such as Italy, USAID, EC,

Netherlands, Canada and GTZ who have assisted IGAD to demonstrate the added value of

the sub-region programmes and called upon other partners to support sub-regional initiatives.

6. The Special Adviser of the United Nations (UN) Secretary General on the Horn of Africa H.E.Ambassador Mohamed Sahanoun, addressed the Summit on behalf of the UN Secretary

General. He observed that desertification, drought that escalated into famine caused greathuman suffering. It exacerbated poverty and increasing absence of peace and security which

impeded the linkage of the sub-region to the on going process of globalisation collaborate with

IGAD in protecting children in this conflict-prone region. He expressed United Nations

readiness to support IGAD in its search for peace in Somalia but indicated that only Somali

people themselves could bring a lasting peace to Somalia.

7. In his statement, the representative of OAU, H.E. Ambassador Said Djinnit, AssistantSecretary General reaffirmed the role of IGAD as a regional economic community for

promoting cooperation and integration in the Africa Economic community. This role remained

challenged as long as the insecurity remained in the region. He added that it was for this reason

that the OAU had created the conflict resolution mechanism as part of the Union. He

welcomed the launching and signing of the CEWARN protocol and hailed it as an added

initiative for national and sub-regional conflict resolution and management. The OAU

representative noted that at present there is apparent stoppage of hostility between IGAD

countries and hoped that comprehensive peace and reconciliation for affected countries would

prevail.

8. In his statement, H.E. Senator Alfredo Mantila, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs of Italyand Chairman of the Joint IGAD Partners Forum (JIPF) said that the IGAD member States

and Partners in Development had come together in a true spirit of partnership with a clear

perception of change and increased commitment in the interest of peace and a better future for

the Sub-region. He reiterated that Peace for Somalia and Sudan was vital for the political and

socio-economic development in the sub-region. Italy would therefore continue to support the

Peace Office in Nairobi and other processes that were aimed at reaching reconciliation in

Somalia in order to achieve lasting peace for that country. He called upon IGAD to improve

IGAD institutional structures so that they respond to regional challenges and added that the

IPF was waiting for clear signals from the summit. The Minister, on behalf of JIPF welcomed

the proposal on the creation of an IGAD Inter-parliamentary Union jointly advanced by

Ethiopia and Sudan.


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and IPF co-chair said that globalisation had made regional cooperation and integration more

urgent if the IGAD countries wished to participate equally in global political and economic

matters. She was emphatic that wars and insecurity must end so that the resources allocated

for sub-regional development could have effect. The Minister supported the renewal of Sudanpeace process and appointment of the special envoy. Although her country had not been very

visible in IGAD programmes, she informed the Summit that Norway was supporting Nile

Basin Initiative ( NBI ) with a grant totalling $10 million US dollars and had other bilateral

support for individual countries. The Minister concluded by highlighting that Friends of

IGAD initiative that have developed into IGAD Partners Forum could be revisited with a

view to revitalising it.

10.The representative of Arab League expressed his gratitude for the invitation to attend theSummit. He said that the interest and challenges of Arab world and those of the region were

similar, as many of the IGAD countries were members of the Arab league. He called for anafro-Arab cooperation to support each other in social economic development.

11.In his address, H.E. Ahmed Bin Abdulla Al- Mohamoud, Minister of State for ForeignAffairs, of Qatar and as the current Chairman of the Organisation of Islamic conference

appreciated the efforts of IGAD in search of lasting peace in the sub-region. He added that

the Horn of Africa region was strategic area that had many interested key players. In this

regard peace and security was necessary for development and sovereignty.

12.The representative of CEN-SAD said that issues of combating desertification anddevelopment could not take place without peace. Noting that the emerging challenges require

cooperation among member states and regions he supported IGAD in all its efforts in peace

and development and called on the two institutions to initiate relationships.

13.In his statement to the Summit, the Director General of Organisation of Prohibition ofChemical Weapons outlined the benefits of membership to this organisation and appealed to

the countries who are not already members to join and accede to the convention. Some of the

benefits included capacity building and training. Such workshop was scheduled in March in

Khartoum. He added that chemical terrorism was real and that accession to the convention by

all IGAD member states would demonstrate the region's effort towards combating terrorism

ELECTION OF THE BUREAU

14.The meeting unanimously elected Sudan as Chairman and Uganda as Rapporteur.ADOPTION OF THE AGENDA

15.The Summit of Heads of State and Government considered and adopted the proposed agendawithout amendments (attached in Annex)

PRESENTATION OF THE IGAD COUNCIL OF MINISTERS REPORT TO THESUMMIT


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Ismail, Minister for External Relations of the Republic of Sudan presented the Council Report

highlighting the achievements, efforts made and constraints encountered in all the areas. He

elaborated on the recommendations and decisions from the Council of Ministers Report and

presented it for consideration by the Summit. The Summit considered the following CouncilDecisions and endorsed them:

Agriculture and Environment Sector

1. that for the MIS project the Secretariat requests Italian government for additional fundsto complete the remaining issues and include the livestock sector.

2. that in reviewing the Promotion of Training and Credit Schemes for Trades-People inArtisanal Fisheries project, consider inclusion of establishment of an IGAD Sub-regional

Centre for Fisheries Training and Research.

3. that with regard to the programme onPromoting Sustainable Production of DroughtTolerant High Yielding Crop Varieties through Research and Extension, the Secretariat

mobilise the necessary funding for the implementation and give special attention to

research and development of other indigenous local crop varieties.

4. that for the Household Energy Program, the Secretariat requests the EC and otherpartners for further funding a second phase that will focus on women and poverty

alleviation and consider the creation of a Revolving Fund to support rural household

energy.

5. that with regard to the project on Promotion of Community Based Natural ResourcesManagement (CBNRM), the Secretariat approaches USAID and other partners to fund

the implementation of the identified activities and to link this activity with theCEWARN to enhance synergy.

6. that with regard to the project on Capacity Building in Integrated Water ResourcesManagement, the Secretariat approaches USAID and other partners to fund the

implementation of the project and other identified activities particularly the assessment

of Ground Water Potential in the IGAD region .

7. that the Council of Ministers calls upon Global Mechanism (GM) to further lobby andmobilise resources for the Sub-regional Support Facility (SSF) and invite other partners

to sup port the facility and also consider the establishment of Sub-regional Training

Centre (Centre of Excellence) on desertification control.

8. that the Secretariat, speeds up the finalization of the modalities for institutionalisingthe Drought Monitoring Centre, Nairobi (DMCN) as a specialised centre of IGAD.

9. that with regard to the Horn of Africa Initiative on Food Security, that the Chairman ofthe IGAD Council of Ministers, on behalf of the Council, writes the required official

letter to the ADB expressing support for their offer.

10. that the Secretariat continues attending and participating in the preparatory meetings forthe World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD).


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23.that the Secretariat mobilises funds from USAID, CIDA and other Partners for theimplementation of Phase III of the Electronic Communication Network project.

24.that with regard to the Netherlands funded project on strengthening Library andDocumentation services in the member states, the Secretariat speeds full

implementation, especially the setting up of the national information nodes to co-

ordinate the national activities.

25.that Secretariat adopts Digital Library to enable it keep abreast with the newtechnologies in acquisition, analysis and dissemination of information.

IGAD Women Desk

26.that the Women Desk be institutionalised in the IGAD and be budgeted for.27.that the Secretariat considers other crosscutting issues such as HIV/AIDS pandemic,

girl child discrimination and women in business.

Resource Mobilisation

28.that the Secretariat undertakes a study with a view to institutionalising the IGAD/IPFrelationship.

29.that the Secretariat formalises the relationship with IPF and stipulate the exact rolesof the partnership to avoid ambiguity in respect to their contribution to sub-regional

interventions and project implementation.

Administration and Finance

30.that the Secretariat renovates the old block, construct a second storey on top of theexisting new block within the approved budget of US$ 350,000. In the meantime

Secretariat may rent alternative accommodation for the period of construction.

31.that the Secretariat issues the IGAD Laissez Passer to the staff as soon as possibleto facilitate their movement in the region.

32.that those member states who are in arrears to make arrangements to meet theirobligations.

33.that the recommendations of the 2nd IGAD Focal Points Consultative workshop areendorsed


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34.that the Secretariat fills all vacant positions as soon as possible.35.that the proposal on Medical Insurance Cover for IGAD staff submitted by the

Secretariat is approved.

36.the proposed budget for the year 2002 in the amount of USD $2,937,107 isapproved.

37. that with regard to Institutional Assessment, an ad hoc committee composed ofexperts from the IGAD member states be formed to review those areas that were not

adequately covered by the ESAMI Report on Institutional Assessment and were of

concern to some member states. The said Committee will at the same time work out

modalities for the implementation of the already agreed upon areas. The report of the

ad hoc Committee will be submitted to the member states through the ExecutiveSecretary for review and advice before submitting to the next Council of Ministers.

38.The Summit took note of the following reports and endorsed them:o Report of 1st Meeting of Ministers of Gendero Committee of Ambassadors Reporto Report on the Sudan Peace Process by Kenyao Report of the IGAD Ministers responsible for Transport and Communication

Spains application for IPF membership

39.The Summit took note of the Council of Ministers approval of the application ofSpain for IPF membership and endorsed it.

Arabic as official Language of IGAD

40.The Summit approved in principle to include Arabic language as an official languageof IGAD. The Secretariat was instructed to undertake a study to establish the

financial and administrative implications and report to the next session of Council.

DISCUSSIONS AT THE SUMMIT (CLOSED SESSION):

Consideration of the Report on the IGAD Institutional Assessment

17. The Summit considered this agenda item and decided that an ad hoc committee composedof experts from the IGAD member states be formed to review those areas that were not

adequately covered by the ESAMI Report on Institutional Assessment and were of concern

to some member states. The said Committee will at the same time work out modalities for the

implementation of the already agreed upon areas. The report of the ad hoc Committee will be


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Discussion on Peace Process for Somalia:

18.H.E. Daniel arap Moi presented his statement on his efforts for the Somalia Peace process.In his statement, the President indicted that his actions had been prompted by his concern onthe effects on economic and security problems of Kenya as a result of thousands of refugees

from Somalia crossing to Kenya. The President added that he had convened a successful

meeting in Nairobi with TNG and some faction leaders during the month of December but

regretted that IGAD Secretariat did not attend the conference. His efforts was Kenya

contribution to the peace processes and not contrary to the 8th summit decision which had

mandated the Chairman of IGAD, to co-ordinate national reconciliation of different Somali

faction leaders. While upholding this decision, the President clarified that his efforts were not

parallel initiatives for sabotaging the Summit decision but complemented the efforts of the

Chairman of IGAD in his effort of bringing lasting peace to Somalia. (Full text of the

statement and the Resolution for Somalia in the annex)

Discussion on Peace Process for Sudan:

19.The Summit noted the report of the Chairman for Sudan peace process H.E. President Danielarap Moi. They expressed their appreciation for the continued effort of H.E. Daniel arap Moi

aimed at finding a negotiated settlement to the conflict in Southern Sudan. The Summit called

upon the Government of Sudan and the Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement/Army

(SPLM/A) to agree upon a cease-fire in order to bring about an expeditious and sustainable

solution to the conflict.

20.The Summit observed the increase in numbers of parallel initiatives aimed at resolving theSouth Sudan conflict. While appreciating these efforts the Summit mandated President Moi

to invite those other peace initiatives with a view to harmonising them with the IGAD peace

initiative. This was the only way all initiatives would complement and strengthen each other

in search for a lasting Peace in Sudan

21.The Summit also took note of the report presented by H.E. Dr Ghazi Salah al Din, Advisorto the President of Sudan, on the efforts made by the Government of Sudan towards peace

in Southern Sudan.

IGAD Partners Forum (IPF)

22.The summit noted that this relationship that had grown from friendship to partnership hadnot lived up to the expectation. They agreed that IGAD Partners Forum initiative was

important but required revitalisation and new defined roles to ensure commitment. The

Summit advised the Secretariat to extend resource mobilisation to other developed country

members who were not members of IPF. In addition to defining the roles of future IPF, the

Summit decided to launch a high level round-table consultative forum with donors with a view

to lobbying for commitment in financing projects and programmes.

Financing of IGAD regional infrastructure Projects.

23.The Summit expressed their view on the importance of communication and infrastructure forfacilitating the free movement of people, goods and services in the IGAD sub-region. It noted


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Summit proposed that IGAD should change its approach of presenting a list of infrastructure

projects for funding and focus on one project for presentation to the partners. The Summit

proposed that Isiolo-Moyale road was a high priority, which should be submitted in this

programme area.

Joint efforts to combat international terrorism:

24.The Summit considered the draft resolution to combat terrorism and amended it. Thecontentious issue of defining terrorism was omitted but continued efforts to combat terrorism

in all its forms and manifestation upheld. The Adopted resolution is attached as Annex 3

Consideration of IGAD Secretariat financial situation:

25. The Executive Secretary presented this agenda item to the Summit for discussion. Afterdiscussion the summit reaffirmed its support for the secretariat.

THE COMMUNIQU

26.Communiqu by the Heads of State and Government of IGAD was delivered by H.E. Dr.Mustafa Osman Ismail, Minister for External Relations of the Sudan, Chairman of IGAD

Council of Ministers. (Full Text on P.10)

CLOSURE OF THE MEETING

27.In his closing remarks, the Chairman of IGAD H.E. Omer el Bashir, President of the Republicof Sudan, expressed his appreciation to all delegations for a hard work, transparency and being

focussed during the deliberations. He reiterated the efforts of IGAD in searching for ways andmeans for peace making in the region and joining the international community in fighting

terrorism. He expressed satisfaction that the member states had agreed to sign the important

protocol on conflict early warning that will assist in pre-empting intra and inter state conflicts.

He commended the Secretariat for producing good work and called upon it to implement the

studies and decisions from the Summit.

VOTE OF THANKS

28.President Yoweri Musaveni of the Republic of Uganda moved a vote of thanks on behalf ofthe other delegations. He expressed his gratitude to the Government and people of Sudan for

their hospitality accorded to all the delegations. He reiterated the importance of the regional

grouping in fostering sub-regional development. He regretted the fact that development of the

sub-region had been hampered by involved with wars and insecurity that impeded

development matters. The President said that the growth of IGAD as a development vehicle

had been stifled and retarded by many factors that stunted IGAD, rendering it incapable to

tackle the challenges of under-development. He called upon IGAD to conclude the Sudan

peace expeditiously and end the suffering of South Sudan people which had continued for the

last 18 years. The President decried the continuing faction struggles in Somalia that had denied


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the neighbouring countries but could also be good climate for terrorists. The President thanked

all the delegates who had travelled from all over the world to attend the Summit and wished

them a good return journey.


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ANNEX I

COMMUNIQUE

OF THE 9th SUMMIT OF THE ASSEMBLY OF HEADS OF STATE ANDGOVERNMENT OF IGAD

The Heads of State and Government of the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development

(IGAD), representing the Republic of Djibouti, the State of Eritrea, the Federal Democratic

Republic of Ethiopia, the Republic of Kenya, the Republic of Somalia, the Republic of the Sudan

and the Republic of Uganda met in Khartoum from 10th to 11th January 2002 under the

Chairmanship of H.E. Omar Hassan Al-Bashir, President of the Republic of the Sudan.

The Heads of State and Government have renewed their commitment to the basic principles and

rules enshrined in the Agreement Establishing Inter-Governmental Authority on Development

(IGAD) which calls for economic cooperation, regional integration, enhancing and promoting

peace and stability and the peaceful resolution of conflicts in the Region.

The Heads of State and Government, following intensive deliberations on the ways and means of

strengthening integration in the economic, political, social and humanitarian fields,

Agreed upon the following:

Political Matters

- Reaffirmed their commitment to create a political atmosphere conducive to mitigateconflicts and help build peace and stability, thus paving the way for realising the objectives

of development, integration and prosperity in the region.

- Reiterated their full adherence to the UN and OAU resolutions condemning all forms ofinternational terrorism and expressed their resolve to work for the preservation of the rights

of the people of the IGAD region to live in peace, and stability. They condemned the terroristacts carried out on the 11th September 2001 in the United States of America and renewed

condemnation of the terrorist attacks in Nairobi and Dar-es-Salaam as well as other terrorist

attacks in the region. They further decided to be seized with the matter.

- Welcomed the signing of the protocol on the establishment of conflict early warning andresponse mechanism (CEWARN) and the positive response from the member states. In this

regard, they praised the political commitment of the signatory Member States which reflect

their resolve to provide for an atmosphere of peace and stability in the region and resorting

to dialogue in order to settle disputes and conflicts.


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- Expressed concern about the momentum on the IGAD peace process and urged the partiesto move expeditiously towards a peace settlement of the conflict. The leaders appealed to theparties to reach a comprehensive cease-fire with the view to end the human sufferings, build

confidence and create a conducive atmosphere for constructive negotiation. They took note

of the report presented by H.E Daniel Arap Moi, President of the Republic of Kenya and

Chairman of IGAD sub-committee on Sudan as well as the report presented by the

Government of the Sudan. They called upon the Chairman of the IGAD Committee on Sudan

to rejuvenate the IGAD Peace Process and invite other initiatives with a view to coordinate

the efforts.

- Adopted a separate resolution on the Somalia Peace Process

Regional Economic Cooperation Matters

- Renewed their commitment to work for the realisation of the aspirations of the peopleof the region in promoting regional integration and unity, and to join efforts in dealing with

the challenges of underdevelopment, to eradicate poverty, hunger, illiteracy and disease.

-

Endorsed the establishment of appropriate ministerial sectoral committees, initiated bySudan, with the mandate to follow implementation of recommendations and decisions ofIGAD Policy Organs.

- Commendedthe IPF members that have been supporting IGAD programmes,and they calledupon the IGAD Partners to contribute more generously to promoting projects and programs,

The Summit expressed its concern with the selectivity policy of donors in financing regional

projects due to the negative impact of such a policy on regional cooperation and integration

efforts. The Summit instructed the Secretariat to broaden the membership of the IPF and

organize a high-level round table consultation aimed at revitalizing and strengthening the

IGAD/IPF relationship and enhance commitments in funding projects and programmes.

- Aware of the fact that enormous financial resources are required to finance regionaldevelopment projects and programs, and the difficulties in attracting the necessary funds,

urged the Secretariat to conduct a study on the mechanism of creating an IGAD Special Fund

to that end.

- Recommended the establishment of a private sector forum and other non-state actors forumsin the region with a view to promoting exchange of information and experiences and enhance

regional trade among IGAD member States.


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Institutional matters

- Decided that an ad hoc committee composed of experts from the IGAD member states beformed to review those areas that were not adequately covered by the ESAMI Report on

Institutional Assessment and were of concern to some member states. The said Committee

will at the same time work out modalities for the implementation of the already agreed upon

areas. The report of the ad hoc Committee will be submitted to the member states through the

Executive Secretary for review and advice before submitting to the next Council of Ministers.

- Underlinedthe utmost importance for member States to pay their assessed contributions andsettle outstanding arrears in order to enable the Secretariat meet its obligations.

- Mandated IGAD Focal Ministers to take all the necessary measures to implement thedecisions of the Summit and called upon the Secretariat to take all necessary measures to

follow up the implementation of these decisions.

- Welcomed the offer by the Government of Uganda to host the next Summit of IGADAssembly of Heads of State and Government.

Done in Khartoum on the 11th Day of January, 2002


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ANNEX 2

RESOLUTION ON SOMALIA BY THE 9TH SUMMIT OF IGAD

ASSEMBLY OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT

KHARTOUM, 11 JANUARY 2002

1. The 9th Summit of IGAD Assembly of Heads of State and Government, afterexamining :

a. The report from the Special Envoy of President Al Bashir, the Current Chairmanof IGAD, about Joint IGAD Mission to Mogadischo and Hargessa and other

activities to bring peace to Somalia.

b. The report from Kenya about Nairobi meetings from 1-4 November and 13-17December 2001 respectively.

c. The report from the Transitional National Government of Somalia about thecurrent situation in Somalia.

Endorsed the following recommendations :

1. Reaffirmed IGADs commitment to the Unity and territorial integrity of Somalia.2. Under the IGAD Chairmans supervision called upon Kenya, Ethiopia and

Djibouti to coordinate their efforts for National Reconciliation in Somalia.

3. Decided to hold reconciliation Conference on Somalia in Nairobi within twomonths, under President Moi as a coordinator of the frontline states to

continue the peace process in Somalia and to report to IGAD Chairman.

4. Ministerial Committee from IGAD Foreign Ministers mandated to prepare forthe coming Nairobi Conference.

5. Urging the TNG and all other parties to commit themselves to CombatTerrorism in its all forms.

6. Call upon the Intetrnational Community to join IGAD for establishing peaceon Somalia.

Done in Khartoum on the 11th Day of January, 2002


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ANNEX 3

RESOLUTION

ON REGIONAL COOPERATION TO COMBAT TERRORISMBY THE 9TH SUMMIT OF THE ASSEMBLY OF HEADS OF STATEAND GOVERNMENT OF IGAD, KHARTOUM, 11 JANUARY 2002

The Heads of State and Government of the Intergovernmental Authority for Development

(IGAD) in their 9th Summit meeting in Khartoum from 10th - 11th January 2002: -

Deeply concerned about the increasing terrorist acts all over the world and in particular the tragic

events of the 11th September 2001, in Washington and New York, USA;

Recalling the horrible terrorist attacks of 7th August 1998 that took place in Nairobi and Dar-es-Salaam and other terrorist attacks in the region;

Reiterating the purposes and principles on which the Intergovernmental Authority forDevelopment (IGAD) is founded to realize peace, security and development among its members;

Considering the purposes and principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and theCharter of the Organization of African Unity particularly those related to security, peace and

enhancement of friendly relations and cooperation among States;

Referring to the Organisation of African Unity Convention on Prevention and Combating ofTerrorism of 1999;

Referring further to the Declaration on the Code of Conduct for Inter-African Relations,adopted by the 30th Summit of the Organization of African Unity in Tunisia in June 1994, and

to the Dakar Declaration on Terrorism of 17 October 2001;

Referring further to the Communiqu issued in New York by the Central Organ of the OAU

Mechanism on Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution on 11th

November 2001,concerning the strengthening of the role of Africa in the efforts to eliminate international terrorism

in the light of the 11th September 2001 events;

Expressing their desire and resolve to further the implementation of the United Nations GeneralAssembly and the Security Council relevant resolutions and declarations on measures to eliminate

international terrorism and to enhance friendly relations among member States;

Recalling particularly the (1970) United Nations General Assembly Declaration on Principlesof International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation Among States, the United


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September 2001 respectively;

1. Condemn the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 and renew condemnation of theterrorist attacks in Nairobi and Dar-es-Salaam in August 1998 and other terrorist attacks

in the region;

2. Welcome the Security Council resolution 1373 (2001), resolution 1377 (2001) and otherrelevant resolutions as well as General Assembly resolutions and declarations concerning

measures to eliminate international terrorism which they unreservedly decided to

implement and apply in full;

3. Decide to remain seized with the issue and submit it the 10 th Summit of IGAD.Done in Khartoum on the 11th Day of January, 2002


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ANNEX 4IGAD/SUM-9/2002

Working Paper No.1

9th SUMMIT OF IGAD ASSEMBLY OF HEADS OF STATEAND GOVERNMENT

10 - 11 January 2002, Khartoum, Republic of Sudan

Thursday 10th January 2002

08:30 - 09:00 Registration

09:00 - 09:30 Arrival of Heads of Delegations

09:30 - 10:00 Arrival of Heads of State and Government

10:30 - 11:00 Closed Session Consultations

11:00-13:00 PLENARY SESSION

1. Welcoming and opening address by H.E. Omer Hassan Ahmed El

Bashir of the President of the Republic of Sudan, the current

Chairman of IGAD.

2. Statement by Dr. Attalla Hamad Bashir, IGAD ExecutiveSecretary.

3. Speech by the Representative of the Secretary General of the U.N.4. Statement by the Representative of OAU Secretary General

5. Statement by the Chairman of IGAD Partners Forum, Minister ofState for Foreign Affairs, Senator Alfredo Mantila.

6. Statement by the Joint Chairman for Committee on Sudan PeaceProcess, H.E. Mrs. Hilda Johnsson Minister for International

Development of Norway.

7. Statement by Secretary General of the Arab League


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9. Statement by the Director General of Organisation of Prohibitionof Chemical weapons

10. Election of the Bureau11. Adoption of the Agenda

13:00 - 15:00Private Lunch.

15:00 - 17:00 CLOSED SESSION

12. Presentation of the Report of the 21st Ordinary Session of IGADCouncil of Ministers by Dr. Mustafa Osman Ismail, theChairperson of the Council.

13. Discussion of IGAD Peace Process in Somalia.14. Discussion of IGAD Peace Process in Sudan.15. Discussion on joint effort to combat international terrorism.16. Discussion of the Relation with IGAD Partners Forum.17. Consideration of the financial situation of the IGAD Secretariat

20:00 STATE BANQUET

Friday 11th January 2002

09:00 - 11:00 PLENARY SESSION 2

18. Communiqu by the Heads of State and Government of IGAD to be delivered by H.E. Dr. Mustafa Osman Ismail, Minister for

External Relations of the Sudan, Chairman of IGAD Council of

Ministers.

19. Closure of the Summit by the Chairman20. Vote of Thanks by H.E. Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, the President

of the Republic of Uganda


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ANNEX 5OPENING ADDRESS BY

H.E. PRESIDENT OMAR HASSAN AL BASHIR, PRESIDENT OF SUDAN

DURING THE 9THSUMMIT OF IGAD HEADS OF STATE ANDGOVERNMENT, KHARTOUM, 11THJANUARY 2002

Your Excellencies Heads of State and Government,

Honourable Ministers,

Your Excellency Executive Secretary of IGAD,

Your Excellency, the Representative of IGAD Partners Forum,

Members of Diplomatic Corps,

Distinguished Delegates.

It is my singular honour to welcome you all to Sudan during this important meeting of IGAD

Heads of State and Government. I hope Dear Brothers, Heads of State and Government, you

will all have time to interact with the friendly people of Sudan and to enjoy their hospitality.

Slightly more than one year ago, we were assembled here during the last Summit. Since then, a

lot of changes and developments have taken place in our region and in the international arena.The events that have taken place have had tremendous implications and challenges to our

region and to our countries individually.

Your Excellencies,Distinguished Delegates,

Allow me to start with the developments in our region. Our region, as you are all aware

continues to suffer needless and endless intra-state and inter-state conflicts along our common

borders. No doubt this has slowed down the moment of development in our countries and the

processes of our regional economic co-operation and integration endeavours. We must

therefore, ensure that we do not carry forward this culture of conflict into the 21 st century. We

must declare this century to be the century of development for the common good our people

in the region. It is imperative therefore that our collective efforts and energy should be devoted

to practises and policies that add value to our development endeavours. Our region is well

endowed with substantial natural resources and adequate human resources that can be

harnessed to foster economic development. With this in mind, we must commit more

resources and efforts towards strengthening our regional economic integration initiatives. This

is the dynamism that we must create during this Summit and thereafter.

Dear collea ues,


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Turning to the international arena, events of the last few months have perhaps changed the

international political arena drastically. International terrorism has become a household topic

in all the corners of the world. Terrorism has ominous and devastating implications to the

world economy and international peace and stability among nations. International terrorismhas no added value to the welfare of mankind, and threatens to destroy tenets of modern

civilisation of which all nations, races and cultures have contributed immensely. It should

therefore, remain condemned by men of goodwill all over the world.

Within our own region, traces of problems related to international terrorism have been

identified and has inflicted human sufferings to our peoples. The events of 1998 in Nairobi

Kenya and in Tanzania cannot go unmentioned. It is for this reason that Sudan has requested

that terrorism be dealt with by our Policy organs during this meeting. We wholeheartedly

condemn terrorism and join the rest of the international community in the fight against this

heinous crime which respects no boundaries, religion or culture. IGAD region has nothing togain by being associated with international terrorism. We therefore need to shed off the image

of being associated with such form of terrorism.

Dear Brothers,Distinguished Delegates,

Allow me now, to turn to another topic of international importance albeit of a different nature

from international terrorism. As we are all aware, the dawn of the 21st century has created an

unprecedented challenges in the world arena.

However, on the much talked about benefits of globalisation, we are aware that, the present

global system has demonstrated major inbuilt weaknesses. Firstly, the gains of international

trade are spread unevenly among nations and have grown bigger with the attendant poverty

remaining unacceptably high in the developing countries. The major challenge therefore begins

in our countries. We need to seriously address the problems of under-development and our

national priorities more realistically. It is only then and when we have overcome our

development challenges shall we be able to address and interact on an equal basis with the

developed world in the international arena. Today, the yoke of our past and present economic

dependency still looms large.

While in retrospect we cannot ignore international issues such as globalisation, there are other

issues of critical importance. High on the agenda is the cancellation of our indebtedness to the

developed countries. A number of African countries have qualified for the enhanced and

Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative. However, more assistance in order to

embrace more countries into a more responsive debt relief programme are needed. We

therefore, urge the international community and in particular, the G-8 to initiate a review of

individual debt problems to the hard pressed African countries.

We are aware of other international trade and development programme under other

arrangements like the ACP-EU and the World Trade Organisation (WTO), but we also


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reaffirm our belief that trade will continue to generate the necessary resources to finance

development. In this regard, We fully commend the granting of waiver by the WTO to least

developed countries in order to enable them to play a more beneficial role in the global

economy. However, it is only through our own initiatives that sustainable development in ourcountries shall be achieved. In this regard, we fully support the African Recovery Programme

(MAP). We strongly believe that this initiative shall provide an appropriate framework for

Africa's development.

Dear Brothers,

On matters aimed at strengthening our esteemed organisation, there are those problems which

are of an institutional nature that need to be addressed by this august Assembly. The time has

come for us to rededicate and reaffirm our faith in IGAD as one of the major economic building

blocs for our region and within the OAU African Economic Community. We have a dutytherefore, not to lag behind and fail Africa in her noble ideals of promoting regional economic

integration through such organisation like IGAD. We should not lose heart in pursuing this

daunting responsibility. As we are aware and through experience, promoting regional

integration is a painstakingly very slow process, while benefits from such arrangements are

realised in the long-term.

Arising from the aforementioned, I wish therefore, to direct the IGAD Council of Ministers

being the key policy formulation organ of IGAD to establish where necessary, key sectoral

Ministerial Committees to oversee the promotion of our development projects, policies and

programmes. It is our earnest hope that such sectoral committees will add value to our

development goals and objectives as well as implementation of the agreed upon policies while

further strengthening relations between our IPF partners and with the IGAD member States.

its a way forward, it is imperative that all member states should meet their financial

commitments by paying their outstanding arrears and regular assessed contributions in order

to energise our organisation in meeting its goals and objectives.

During the last Summit concerns were expressed by this Organ about the role of IGAD

Partners Forum (IPF). Concerns were raised as a result of failed promises by our Partners in

Development in funding our development projects. The IPF at various levels, has operated

quite effectively and has served as a forum of informing our Partners in Development on

progress of IGAD activities as well as problems in the IGAD sub-region. Its main focus has

been on peace and security and on the political situation in the sub-region. Creation of the

Sudan Peace Fund is one such positive outcome of the IPF. However, little effort has been

directed to development projects implementation, particularly on infrastructure and

communications. Four years since its inception, the role of the IPF/Projects Implementation

Committee has been rather low with very little added value in terms of resource mobilisation

for projects and programmes, ostensibly as a result of donor fatigue. It is my view that therole of this committee be revisited with a view to strengthening it so that it becomes more

meaningful to IGAD.


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security situation in the IGAD emanates from under-development. We hope therefore, our

Partners well try and understand our development challenges and come on board fully to our

support. This is in realisation that peace is a necessary condition to economic development.

Dear Colleagues,Distinguished Delegates,

This region is well endowed with many natural resources and has adequate human resources that

can be developed for the common goal of all in the region and for the rest of the international

community. I therefore, call upon the IPF to reconsider their position and policies towards this

region and sit down with us with the aim of establishing concrete funding mechanisms for our sub-

regional projects and programmes. Our development challenges are multifaceted but can and have

been prioritised. In this regard, I personally and with the support and understanding of my

colleagues, Heads of State and Government, call upon the current IPF Chairman to call a Round-Table Conference aimed at mobilising resources for the IGAD region. On our part, as IGAD

member States we are willing to do whatever it takes to have such a Round-Table convened in our

region.

Dear Colleagues,

The economic and social welfare of the peoples of our sub-region continues to suffer

immensely as a result of the conflicts in Southern Sudan and Somalia, It is sad to not that

despite our collective and individual efforts both within and outside the auspices of IGAD,

solutions are yet to be achieved to resolve these conflicts. The Khartoum Summit, I believe,

will afford us yet another opportunity to exchange ideas and reflect upon what our Ministers

have consulted and agreed upon as the way forward.

Both as the Current Chairman of IGAD and as the Head of State of Sudan, I would like to

reiterate the commitment of my Government towards the IGAD Peace Process on the conflict

in Southern Sudan based on the Declaration of Principles (DOP). The Government of Sudan

will continue to engage in good faith with the SPLA/M with a view to reaching at a negotiable

and a mutually agreed upon solution to the conflict that has, for the last four decades,

continued to cause death to our people and destruction to the economy of our country.

With respect to the conflict in Somalia, our last Summit endorsed a resolution which created a

mechanism to assist the completion of the Arta Peace Process. Pursuant to that resolution, the

neighboring countries of Somalia namely Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya and Sudan, as the Chairing

Country of IGAD, was to assist the convening of a national reconciliation conference where

the TNG, SRRC and other Somali parties will assemble and discuss the creation of a broad

based national Government to Somalia. The consultations with the different Somali factions

has began in earnest and will continue further and hopefully the IGAD sponsored national

reconciliation conference on Somalia will start soon. We call upon the international community

to give full political, diplomatic and material support to this process in order to achieve what

has so far eluded us, that is peace and stability in Somalia, and an effective and fully functional


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Your Excellencies,

In conclusion, allow me to thank you all for your demonstrated commitment to IGAD as ourregional organisation, as witnessed by your presence here today. Together we shall be able to

move forward and to provide the critical guidance that is necessary to our Organisation.

Thank you for your kind attention.

ANNEX 6

STATEMENT OF THE IGAD EXECUTIVE SECRETARYDR. ATTALLA HAMAD BASHIR AT THE 9THSUMMIT OF THE

ASSEMBLY OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT OF IGADKHARTOUM, SUDAN, 10-11 JANUARY, 2002

Your Excellency, Omar Hassan Al Bashir President of the Republic of Sudan and the Chairman

of IGAD,

Your Excellencies Heads of State and Government of Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya,

Uganda and the Transition Government of Somalia,

Invited Guests,

Distinguished delegates,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Allow me first to offer my sincere thanks to His Excellency Omar Hassan Al Bashir President

of the Republic of Sudan and Chairman of IGAD for convening this important Summit. The

Government of Sudan has demonstrated its firm commitment to our regional organization byhosting the policy organs of Council and Summit for the second time. I want to acknowledge the

guidance that I have benefited from the Chairman, His Excellency Omar Hassan Al Bashir in the

interest of promoting the ideals and objectives of IGAD. I also wish to thank the Chairman of the

Council, His Excellency Dr. Mustafa Osman Ismael and his colleagues who have worked tirelessly

to make this Summit a success. Permit me also Mr. President to take this opportunity on behalf

of the Secretariat and on my own behalf, to thank all delegates and invited guests who have

traveled from far away to attend this Summit. I feel honored to welcome Members of the IGAD

Partners Forum and representatives of the regional and international organizations who are

attending the Summit.


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Since last year when we met here in Khartoum, there have been enormous developments here

within the IGAD region and at international levels. These developments have affected the way

we do things as we implement the Decision from the 8th

Summit. As will be presented by theChairman of the Council, you will note that the Authority has accomplished quite much in terms

of programmes, policies and new initiatives. These formed the bulk of the deliberation by the

Committee of experts and the Council for the last 5 days. Several decisions have been made for

your consideration and endorsement so that we can put in place mechanisms for their follow-up.

Mr. President,

Excellencies,

Economic cooperation and regional integration that Member States have vowed to achieve when

they established IGAD is still constrained by the prevalence of conflicts and absence of aconducive political atmosphere within our region.

Despite the relentless efforts that IGAD Member States are deploying individually and

collectively, conflicts are still causing enormous loss of lives and destruction of properties

particularly in Southern Sudan and Somalia. It is to be recalled that during the last summit here

in Khartoum, resolutions where adopted by the highest organ of IGAD on the way forward in

addressing the conflicts in Southern Sudan and in Somalia.

It is sad to note that solutions to this conflicts have not yet been achieved and our region

continues with scars of war and its destructive economic and social consequences.

In view of this rather grim situation, the Assembly of Heads of State and Government is expected

to once again undertake intensive consultation to reach agreement on how to address the

challenges posed by conflicts within our region.

Until and unless we resolve the conflicts within our region particularly in Southern Sudan and in

Somalia, our region will continue to suffer and the goals of enhanced economic cooperation and

regional integration that we have set for ourselves when we established IGAD would remain

unattained.

Your Excellencies,

This Summit is of particular importance to us for a number of reasons. First, the Council is

presenting findings, recommendations and proposals from the Institutional Assessment of IGAD.

Important to point out in this assignment is that the assessment looked into all stakeholders.

These findings have been discussed and analyzed extensively and the results will be presented to

you. This is a turning point because it is the result of evaluation of IGAD five years after

revitalization. We have had a lot of experience with the structures created for facilitating the work

of IGAD such as the IGAD Partners Forum and Project Implementation Committee as well as

the experience in formulation and implementation of actual programmes.


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ANNEX 7

SPEECH BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF DJIBOUTI H.E.

ISMAIL OMAR GUELLEH ON THE OCCASION OF THE 9THSUMMITOF IGAD ASSEMBLY OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT

10-11 JANUARY 2002

H.E. the President of the Sudan, Omar Hassan Al Bashir,

Current Chairman of IGAD

Your Excellencies the Heads of State and Government,

Mr. The Executive Secretary of IGAD,

Mr. The Secretary General of the Arab League,Mr. The Representative of the General Secretary of the United Nations,

Honourable Ministers,

Ladies and Gentlemen.

In the first place, I would like to express my thanks and gratitude to the President and the people

of the sister country of the Sudan for their hospitality, warm welcome and the special attention

reserved to my delegation and to me since our arrival in this beautiful city of Khartoum.

In this regard, allow me to add my voice to my previous colleagues to commend the efforts

exerted by H.E. Omar Hassan Al Bashir, Current Chairman of IGAD towards the strengtheningand radiance of our regional organization. I would like specially to welcome the action taken

under his leadership aiming to help conclude the reconciliation process in Somalia.

H.E. the President,

Actually, it makes one year or so since the last Summit held in this city of Khartoum that

Somalia, represented by the National Transitional Government established through the Arta

conference, took its legitimate seat within our regional organization. Let me recall from the onset,

the context, the main course and the guiding principles from Arta process in order to assess

together the scope of the, as well as to underline the stakes, risks, opportunities and deadlocksin conducting the reconciliation process for Somalia. In fact, we should emphasize that the

success of Arta conference is due to the determinant benefit provided, by the analysis of previous

attempts that aimed to restore order and security in Somalia. The review of the reasons behind

the failure of 12 previous conferences convened on national reconciliation has led to identify two

major obstacles.

- The proliferation of similar and non-complimentary initiatives.- The uncompromising hard line of warlords who, in spite of the opportunity extended to

them to save Somalia by constituting a government, have never agreed upon lasting


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Mr. The president

It is in this context that the Republic of Djibouti through my voice took the initiative with the

support of IGAD, OAU, Arab League and the United Nations to convene Arta conference.

The Republic of Djibouti has sought to learn lessons from the failure of previous attempts by

avoiding the above-mentioned stumbling block.

From which:

- The multiplication of efforts with a view to harmonize the strand point of external actorsconcerned by the Somali conflict.

- The basic role granted to the Somali civil society to mainstream the real components ofSomali people representatives including the warlords in case they commit themselves fullyto the process of peace and national reconciliation.

Seeking to get the most appropriate solution to the thorny issue of representation and to

determine the criteria of participation in the conference, we have made consultations with the

representatives from all the regions, different ages and all the socio-profession categories in

Somalia. The determining factor, which is to be retained owing to the fact that it appeared as a

socio-political reality that we cannot miss, was that of the clan.

Therefore, this conference gathered under the guidance of enlightened traditional leaders coming

from all the clans in Somalia has taken in the first place to reconcile its clans who were fostering

distrust and mutual suspicion towards each other in order to bring about an atmosphere of

concentration and dialogues. This crucial step represented a major cathartic operation in which

the clans promised to forgive one another and to do justice to each other thus dressing the wounds

that remained open up to them.

If I can use a metaphor, the customary chiefs acted as real tailors who took to sew once again the

cloth of confidence which was torn to shreds because of the destructions related to inter-clanic

violence, the lootings and robbing of private property. They have understood the heavy

responsibility laid upon their shoulders and the deep significance of the mission they were

undertaking. Thus they have succeeded from the interior to overcome the divisions and

discriminations to pave the way for better conditions of collective common living that gives hope

to those millions of Somalis condemned to wandering and dispair by the acts of some of their

fellow citizens.

The determining progress achieved during this first step as a vital and necessary turning point

enabled the conference to move forward to the political step. Representatives from five major

clans living in Somalia were invited to deliberate following an identical numeric order to invert the

ties of domination which are based on the arithmetic superiority.

Owing to the existence of reliable data which was collected by a national census, this criteria of


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contract of confidence based upon solidarity, tolerance and mutual respect as well as to re-

establish the structure and institutions of the Somali state. The national Transitional Assembly

was elected by the popular free will as a representative of all the regions and clans for the first

time since ten years.

Some of major warlords who took part in the process and who are opposing today the

Transitional government have been elected at that time: the case of Mohamed Hassan Nour named

Shattgudus and Mohamed Hersi named Morgan.

This legislative arm, holder of a real power has shown the efficiency of it's functioning by

withdrawing its confidence from the Government which was accused of not making sufficient

efforts for reconciliation. The elected National Assembly proceeded to the election of a President.

The huge number of registered candidates (49) ought to be underlined because it is a proof

beyond doubt that Somalis joined massively the process.

The Transitional Government was established later following a rigorous procedure of power

sharing and the double criteria of representation and competence.

The popular enthusiasm that garnered the support for Arta conference culminated in the

plebiscite for the President of the Republic and the accompany delegation when they landed for

the first time in Mogadishu where a cheerful gathering elaborated the event in an over-crowded

stadium.

Mr. The President,

We were reassured to see that in the last report of the Joint IGAD Committee, the Transitional

Government and the opposing parties strongly recommend. that member states should make close

concertations to harmonize their views and adopt a common approach in concern with the

modality of conflict resolution in Somalia, by this strong urge, we are relieved in our deep

conviction that any IGAD Action in favor our peace will not reap its expected results unless it

is a joint action.

Quite on the contrary! The parallel and sometimes conflicting initiatives will seriously dash hopes

for lasting peace in Somalia. The Somalis unanimously think that if we fail in our co-ordination

efforts, we should admit the fact that we have failed and offer a chance to other actors of the

international community to assist Somalia.

We have said it time and again and we repeat it today, that the unique nature of the situation

prevailing in Somalia deserves the type of serious attention accorded to other tragedies: In Sierra

Leone and in Liberia, disarmament and demobilization programs which are a necessary support

for any peace process, have been put in place with the support of the UN. More recently, in

Afghanistan, the political commitment and will of the international community to assist in the

establishment of a stable political order based on democratic values was concretized by putting

into place some demobilization, disarmament and reconstruction programs.


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For their part, the Somalis themselves are striving to make out the motives behind the wait and

see policy and the passiveness of the international community. This attitude remains equally

incomprehensible to us in a number of respects, especially considering the firm pledges for

assistance made by many countries concerned with the conflict in Somalia.

The excuse advanced to justify this passiveness is the inability of the IGAD member states to

adopt a common approach. They assert that some IGAD member states are calling in question

the legitimacy of the Transitional Government.

The relevancy of these reservations remains incomprehensible to us considering that it was the

Declaration of the IGAD Heads of State and Government during their summit held on November

26, 1999 and the unanimously adopted Resolution of support which enabled the

institutionalization of the Djibouti initiative. It is the support of the neighbouring countries which

explains the success of the Arta conference. It would therefore be incredible for the outcome ofour joint efforts to be totally called in question !

The International community massively attended the Arta Conference. The representatives of

the Diplomatic Corps in Djibouti attended the deliberations throughout. The UN was also

regularly represented at this conference by the Permanent Representative of the UN. Its outcome

reflect the recommendations made by some members of the international community and

favorably respond to the concerns of the present (Gender mainstreaming, affirmative action). Its

active support at the crucial stages of the process led to the happy result which you know and

which some people didnot hesitate to describe as real miracle.

The statements of the chairmanship of the UN Security Council and its numerous resolutions as

well as those adopted by IGAD, the OAU, the Arab League and the European Union attest to

this fact. But if the responsibility for the failure of the international community is now laid on

us, shouldnt we react with the urgency the situation demands by adopting unequivocally a

common position so as to show the world our political determination, our seriousness and our

desire to assist in the strengthening of the Somali's conviction to establish a system of government

and a stable political order with immense benefits for the whole region.

We should reflect together on ways and means of consolidating peace in Somalia in consultation

with the National Transitional Government, but I can already affirm that the solution is not to

clear these warlords who are obsessed by the pursuit of selfish interests and have not hesitated

throughout this lost decade to commit worse atrocities and maintain Somalia in a state of anarchy

and chaos. Divisions which might arise from time are advantageously exploited by these war

criminals who are familiar with the nihilistic maneuvers , in order to try regain their legitimacy

and pose as negotiators in the search for peace. We shouldn't especially make the tragic mistake

of offering them this opportunity. To do so deliberately would make us their accomplices and

the skepticism of the international community towards us will then be totally justified. The

warlords continue to put obstacles in the progress towards peace

Through a multitude of signs and attitudes, the large majority of Somalis have demonstrated their


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determined to consolidate the gleam of hope which the establishment of the Transitional National

Government represents. It is our duty to support them, to encourage them and to convince the

international community not to abandon Somalia and to provide it with the necessary assistance

in order to guarantee total success of the national reconciliation process.

The onus is in the first place on the countries of the region to work for the consolidation of peace

in Somalia with the support of other organizations of which Somalia is a member - the OAU and

the Arab League.

We should strive to view critically the events of the past and avoid any inaction so that Somalia

doesnt relapse into a situation of anarchy and chaos from which it is beginning to emerge.

In this respect, IGAD should translate its commitment towards Somalia into concrete political

and diplomatic actions.

1. Relationship with war lordsa. stop any assistance, be it political, financial or material, to the warlords.b. Forbid these perpetrators of genocide from travelling freely in the region.c. Finally, we should put an end to this culture of impunity and take them to the

international crimes tribunal.

If truly the warlords think that they have a political future in Somalia and that the"legitimacy" they assert has any basis, let them agree to transform their factions intopolitical parties which can compete in an election at the end of the transitional periodwhich, according to the Charter, should end in one and a half years.

2) Regarding the reconciliation processThe Executive Secretariat should provide technical support to the independent reconciliation

committee established a year ago and composed of eminent Somali personalities respected

throughout Somalia. In our opinion, it constitutes the most viable mechanism since it provides

a chance to find a Somali solution to the Somali problems. In this regard, the European Union

which had welcomed this mechanism and had expressly made pledges for assistance, could be

approached.

3) Regarding co-operation with the UNIGAD should make the necessary efforts to mobilize the economic and political means to enable

Somalia to cope with the magnitude of the socio-economic problems caused by years of

continuous disaster.


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In this respect, a mission composed of the member states and the Secretariat

Should visit New York in order to convince the UN Secretary General of the need to establish an

office for peace keeping, in order to launch projects aimed at supporting the demobilization and

the disarmament of the militias and rehabilitation. The lessons learnt from the UN operations inother African countries in post conflict situations might prove extremely useful.

The consideration of the implementation modalities of the framework for co-operation for the

consolidation of peace between the UN and the regional organizations, established after regional

meetings organized by the UN Secretary General and whose results have been commended by the

Security Council, will certainly be useful for the harmonization of our actions. We would then be

in a position to design an action plan to assist in the reconstruction of a Somali State where there

is rule of law, to provide support to the ongoing rehabilitation of the legal and prison systems

undertaken by the Transitional Government and to help the police force which is already

operating in all the areas of Mogadishu.

The considerable experience of the Special Representative of the UN Secretary General, Mr.

Mohamed Sahnoun, will constitute an invaluable contribution to the definition of a clear strategic

vision of the UN objectives in Somalia, in co-ordination with his other partners.

Finally, IGAD must also demonstrate clear political support for the efforts of the Transitional

Government by opening embassies in Somalia and sending ambassadors.

I thank you for your attention.


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people. Needless to mention, our goals and objectives can only be realised if we fully utilise our

abundant human and natural resources. In terms of the functioning of our organisation, the chronic

problem of resource constraints has continued.

Your Excellencies,

On the political front, our region continues to be afflicted by various conflicts, which are causing

considerable destruction, great suffering, loss of lives and large numbers of refugees and displaced

persons.

The conflicts are a source of tension and pose a grave threat to peace and security in the region,

while also undermining socio-economic progress and prospects in our countries. I hope the

Protocol on the Establishment of a Conflict Early Warning and Response Mechanism

(CEWARN) will provide us with the capacity for conflict prevention, management andresolution.

The protracted conflict in Southern Sudan in particular is a matter of great concern to all of us.

Although both parties reiterated their commitment to the peace process at the summit held in

Nairobi on 2nd June 2001, and appointed permanent negotiation teams, it is regrettable that there

has been lack of tangible progress. The parties to the conflict cannot escape responsibility for this

lack of progress.

Their continuing intransigence and their refusal to make concessions must be candidly deplored.

I have always reminded the parties to the conflict that we cannot impose an agreement, or

settlement on them. Where obstacles obstruct further progress, it is our role to help remove them.

Where a basis for agreement exists, it is our role to help facilitate it.

Your Excellencies,

The peace process will be in danger of collapsing, unless we steer it back on the right track, and

create the necessary impetus to generate an early peace agreement. While there have been

declarations of good intention and readiness to address the outstanding issues, I am not satisfied

by the degree of concrete commitment and courage shown by both parties. I want to urge them

to disengage from mutual hatred and rise above deep resentments, in order to achieve peace for

the people of the Sudan.

Your Excellencies,

Rounds of extensive and detailed negotiations have already taken place. The time has come to

agree on the terms of political settlement that will end the war.

Thus, it is my intention to table compromise proposals during the next crucial phase of

negotiations for adoption as a package incorporating the essential elements of the Declaration of

Principles.


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Your Excellencies,

The process of reconciliation in Somalia requires our urgent attention. In line with the 8th IGAD

Summit Decision, early last year, I held a series of meetings with the Transitional NationalGovernment of Somalia and other faction leaders who were not part of the Arta process,

concluded in Djibouti in August 2000. Later in July, 2001, during the organisation of Africa Unity

Summit in Lusaka, I held follow-up meetings during which the various Somali leaders expressed

a willingness to participate in a national reconciliation meeting from 1st-4th November, and a

follow-up meeting from 13th -24th December, 2001. Although a small number of faction leaders

failed to attend the meetings, I am pleased to report that the Somali participants overwhelmingly

reiterated their commitment to a broad-based all-inclusive national reconciliation process for their

country. The conclusion of an agreement by the parties demonstrated their resolve to engage in

peaceful and constructive dialogue.

I would like to point our that as Somalias neighbour, Kenyas only interest is in the restoration

of peace and stability in that country. The civil war in Somalia has impacted negatively on Kenya.

Currently, we host over 130,000 refugees and the influx has affected our security. I am confident

the on-going reconciliation process will provide the foundation for peace while preserving the

unity, territorial integrity and sovereignty of Somalia.

Excellencies,Distinguished guests,Ladies and Gentlemen,

Finally, I would like once again to appeal to IGAD member States to reaffirm their commitment

to the charter of our organisation and implement summit decisions in order to facilitate its

operations for the mutual benefit of the peoples of our sub-region. A peaceful and stable

environment in the sub-region is essential to create opportunities for investment and economic

development.

Thank You,

Khartoum, Sudan


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ANNEX 9

UNITED NATIONS - NATIONS UNIES

THE SECRETARY GENERALS MESSAGE TO THE 9TH SUMMIT OF THE

ASSEMBLY OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT OF THEINTERGOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY ON DEVELOPMENT (lGAD)Delivered by Mr. Mohamed Sahnoun, Special Advisor to the Secretary-General

Khartoum, 10-11 January 2002

It gives me great pleasure to send my greetings to the Heads of State and Government and all the

other participants in this Summit of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development. President

Al-Bashir, in his capacity as current Chairman of IGAD, as well as the people of Sudan, merit our

recognition for hosting this important meeting.

The IGAD region faces formidable challenges. Conflict continues to cause widespread suffering.

Drought and environmental degradation have further threatened food security and led to massive

displacements of people. These and other obstacles have also hindered efforts by the countries

of the region to build up infrastructure, attract investment, promote the advancement of women

and become more integrated into the global economy and trading system. The region has also

experienced the devastation and loss caused by international terrorism.

Reconciliation and rehabilitation in Somalia are also among the region's key concerns and therefore

are rightly the subject of special attention at this Summit. Since 1995, the United Nations, through

its Nairobi-based Political Office for Somalia, has been closely cooperating with IGAD. The

United Nations Security Council has been pressing for peace and national reconciliation, and has

continued to urge all parties to pursue the path of dialogue. I join the Council in emphasizing that

violence can never alleviate the plight of the Somali people nor can it bring stability and security

to their country.

IGAD member countries and other states in the region can and must contribute constructively to

peace efforts. The United Nations will help Somalia heal its wounds and achieve progress,

including through the deployment of a post-conflict peace-building mission should security

conditions permit. But no amount of good will, support and assistance on the part of IGAD or

the international community alone will bring about peace in Somalia. Only Somalia's leaders can


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conflict. They need to rise above their differences and put the interests of the people of Somalia

first and foremost.

The United Nations, through its peace and security mechanisms and the full panoply of itsdevelopment and humanitarian agencies, will continue to be IGAD's partner as you confront these

challenges, and as you seek to seize the opportunities of globalization and bring an era of peace

and development to all your countries' peoples. In that spirit, please accept my best wishes for

a successful Summit.

ANNEX 10

STATEMENT OF AMBASSADOR SAD DJINNIT, ASSISTANT SECRETARYGENERAL IN CHARGE OF POLITICAL AFFAIRS, ON THE OCCASION OF THE

9TH SUMMIT OF THE ASSEMBLY OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT OFTHE INTERGOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY OD DEVELOPMENT (IGAD).

Your Excellency Mr. Omar Hassan Ahmed El Bashir, President of the Republic of Sudan,and current Chairman of IGAD,

Your Excellencies the Heads of State and Government,

Distinguished Executive Secretary of IGAD,


It is my honour and privilege to address this 9th Summit of the Assembly of Heads of State and

Government of IGAD on behalf of. the OAU and its Secretary-General who could not be here

today due to circumstances beyond his control.

I am pleased to attend this august gathering which provides a propitious occasion for leaders to

exchange views and deliberate on issues of concern to their region and to the continent as a whole.

Needless to state the important role Regional Economic Communities, such as IGAD, are

expected to playas pillars and building blocks of the African Economic Community, which was

adopted by the OAU Summit in 1991, as a strategic framework for promoting cooperation,

integration and development in the continent. Since the 1990s, IGAD and other Regional

Economic Communities have been exerting tremendous efforts towards achieving their goals.

In spite of these efforts, progress towards meeting our integration objectives was rather slow as

most of our regions found themselves engulfed in intractable conflicts, which continue to


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conditions for peace, security and stability are not created, that prompted the Heads of State and

Government, in 1993, to establish, within the OAU, a Mechanism for conflict prevention,

management and resolution. In establishing such a Mechanism, the leaders were aiming at

providing our continental organization with a new institutional dynamism to deal decisively withconflict situations in the continent. Over the last nine years of its existence, the Mechanism has

proved to be an essential tool in the continent's endeavours towards conflict management,

resolution" and prevention. In the process, however, the Mechanism has also shown some

shortcomings and limitations, which need to be addressed now that we are reviewing the

structures, procedures and working methods of its Central Organ to enhance its effectiveness and

relevance, as one of the important Organs of the African Union.

In undertaking this review, we are also fully cognizant of the fact that it was the painful reality

of the devastating effect of conflicts in the continent and their negative impact on the integration

process that led the Regional Economic Communities to be increasingly involved in dealing withconflict situations, which, in some ways, diverted them from their initial objectives of promoting

economic development and cooperation. In this regard, I wish to welcome the initiative by IGAD

to develop a Conflict Early Warning and Response Mechanism (CEWARN), a project which the

OAU has been strongly supporting. I wish in particular, to acknowledge the importance given to

developing an Early Warning Capability in the IGAD Mechanism. As we must strive to

harmonize, coordinate, and rationalize the respective roles and activities of the various

Mechanisms for conflict management, prevention and resolution that exist at regional and

continental levels, based on the principles of complementarity and comparative advantage, I

personally believe that regional mechanisms should be more practically involved in early warning.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen:

IGAD, like other regions in the continent was not spared from the scourge of conflicts over the

past years. It is a well known fact that a substantial amount of its energies, and that of its

Member States, were devoted to seeking peaceful solutions to the conflicts which continue to

undermine the aspirations of the people of the region to enjoy lasting peace, security and

stability. It is therefore, a matter of great concern that despite the efforts by the region with the

support from the OAU, and the internationalcommunity at large, 'the conflicts in southern Sudan,

one of the longest in the continent, and the conflict in Somalia, which proved to be one of the

most protracted, have yet to find peaceful and lasting solutions. These conflicts have contributed

to perpetuate the suffering of the people of these two countries and to undermine efforts at

economic development and cooperation in the region. However, on a more positive note, we are

glad to recall the fact that significant progress has been made in the search of a lasting peace

between Ethiopia and Eritrea through the signing of the Algiers Agreements, and the on-going

implementation process.

The experience in the conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea has shown that, notwithstanding the

profound mistrust between the parties, opportunities for peace could, indeed, be seized. It is my

hope, therefore, that this Summit will provide an opportunity for the leaders of the Region, to

generate a new momentum for a lasting peace in southern Sudan, Somalia and the region as a


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and Libya as well as other efforts that are aimed at promoting a peaceful solution to the conflict

in Southern Sudan. On its part, the OAU, which has been supporting all these initiatives, intends

to redouble its efforts in a more dynamic, and sustained manner.

Regarding Somalia, I would like to reiterate OAU's disposition to work closely with IGAD, the

TNG, and all other concerned parties, towards broadening and consolidating the peace and

reconciliation process in conformity with IGAD and OAU Decisions.

The efforts made in this region as well as in other regions of the continent towards addressing

their problems, particularly, those related to conflicts, are testimony to the determination of our

continent, our people, and our leaders to extricate our societies from their unenviable and

traumatic past. This is a continent which has its share of problems but cannot be blamed for

lacking initiatives. However, for these initiatives to have greater chance of success, we need, as

Africans, to coordinate and harmonize them better, and our partners within the InternationalCommunity should provide us with a greater support.

The challenge of channeling our energies and resources towards achieving our common goals is

even greater as we embark on the establishment of the African Union, which constitutes the new

continental institutional framework for meeting the aspirations of the African people for greater

unity, solidarity and development.

I trust that these issues will constitute the core of your deliberations in this hospitable African

land.

I thank you.


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ANNEX 11

ADDRESS BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS

SENATOR ALFREDO MANTICA TO THE 9THSUMMIT OF IGADASSEMBLY OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT

10THJANUARY 2002, KHARTOUM

Mister President of the Republic of the Sudan,

Heads of State and Government,

Ministers,

Delegates,


As Chair of the IGAD Partners Forum, I am pleased to address the 9th Summit of the Heads of

State and Government of IGAD. By attending this meeting I want to bear witness of the

commitment of Italy and all Partners to the Horn of Africas region in a moment when it takes on

a special role in the new international situation marked by the fight to terrorism. All the actors in

the region are called upon to play their part and contribute to the success of this initiative, which

serves the interest of the International Comm

9 Th Summit Final Report

Documents

Transcript of 9 Th Summit Final Report