9 - Green Associate Study Flashcards (2)
Transcript of 9 - Green Associate Study Flashcards (2)
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STORMWATER RUNOFF
LIGHT POLLUTION
STORMWATER MITIGATION
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Stormwater that falls of the site and leaves the project site boundaries
on the surface is considered to be stormwater runoff. Stormater that
falls on the site's hardscapes (concrete, asphalt, etc.) and runs into
the sidewalk or street is considered to be stormwater runoff.
Definition
Definition
Waste light from a building or its site that does not increase security
or provide a function and needlessly consumes energy. Lights
directed to the night sky is considered to be light pollution. Lights
directed to the neighboring site is considered to be light trespass.
Stormwater that falls of the site and does not leave the site via
stormwater runoff. Stormwater used for landscape irrigation, sewage
conveyance or simply remains onsite within a retention pond isconsidered to be mitigated.
Definition
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HEAT ISLAND EFFECT
NATIVE / ADAPTED VEGETATION
INVASIVE VEGETATION
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Definition
Plants that can survive on the local environmental conditions and do
not require additional water / fertilizer / pesticides to sustain life. (note:
water / fertilizer / pesticides may be required during extreme periods
however are not required on an annual / ongoing basis)
Definition
Plants that are not native to the ecosystem and once introduced are
very aggressive to the point of overrunning the ecology. Weeds are
considered to be invasive vegetation.
Definition
Absorption of heat by surfaces and its radiation back to the
surrounding. Examples that produce heat island effect include black
roofs, asphalt hardscapes and dark colored buildings. Urban areasinclude car exhausts, air conditioners and street equipment as
sources of heat island effect.
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GREENFIELD
BROWNFIELD
IMPERVIOUS
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Sites that have not been previously developed by buildings,
hardscapes or agriculture.
Definition
Definition
Definition
Property that is considered to be contaminated by a governmental
agency or a Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment. Typically the
soil and groundwater are the items that carry the contaminant.
Surfaces that do not allow the flow moisture to pass through.
Examples of pervious surfaces include concrete and asphalt.
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PERVIOUS
PREFERRED PARKING
HARDSCAPE
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Definition
Inanimate areas of the site. Examples include roadways, concrete
paths, parking areas, pavement and brick or tile patios.
Definition
Parking closest to the entrance excluding handicapped parking.
Discounted parking rates for select vehicles can also be considered
preferred parking.
Definition
Surfaces that allow the flow moisture to pass through. Examples of
pervious surfaces include landscaped and vegetated areas.
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ALTERNATIVE FUEL VEHICLE
SEDIMENTATION
EROSION
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Low polluting, non-gasoline vehicles. Examples include electricity,
hydrogen, natural gas, propane, methanol and ethanol.
(note: the LEED rating systems consider hybrid vehicles to be
alternative fuel vehicles)
Definition
Definition
The process by which materials of the Earth's surface is loosened,
dissovled or worn away and transported by wind, rain or gravity.
Erosion is most likely to occur during th building construction process.
The addition of soil particles to water bodies. Sedimentation
decreases water quality and accelerates the aging process of
receiving water bodies.
Definition
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BLACKWATER
POTABLE WATER
GRAYWATER
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Definition
Water that meets the EPA's requirement for consumption by people.
Potable water is supplied by municipal water systems or onsite wells.
Definition
Blackwater is considered to be untreated water used for sewage
conveyence and kitchen sinks.
Definition
Graywater is defined by Appendix G of the Uniform Plumbing Code
as untreated wastewater that has not come into contact with toilet
waste. Used water from lavatories, showers and laundry tubs isconsidered to be graywater.
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WELL WATER
PLUMBING FIXTURE
TERTIARY STANDARDS
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Well water is drawn from local wells and is considered to be potable.
Definition
Tertiary treatment is considered to be the highest form of wastewater
treatment. Water that has been treated to tertiary standards can be
discharged into lakes however is not considered potable water.
Definition
Items connected to the plumbing system that can be controlled by the
occupant to discharge water. Examples of plumbing fixtures included
water closets, urinals, lavatories, sinks and showers.
Definition
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XERISCAPING
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
DRIP IRRIGATION
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Definition
An irrigation system that delivers water to the landscaping via
underground tubes. Water is dispensed by a network of perforated
tubes.
The loss of water by evaporation from the soil and plants.
Definition
Definition
A landscape method that eliminates routine irrigation. It includes the
selection of low-water consuming plants and mulching beds to reduce
evaporation.
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COMMISSIONING
BASELINE BLDG PERFORMANCE
PROPOSED BLDG PERFORMANCE
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Definition
The proposed building performance is based on the actual design of
the proposed mechanical systems.
Definition
The baseline building performance is based on the minimum
requirements outlined in ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G.
Definition
The process of verifying the mechanical equipment operates as
intended to meet the owner project requirements.
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ENERGY STAR RATING
REFRIGERANTS
DAYLIGHTING
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Definition
Controlled admission of natural light into the building to reduce
electrical consumption of the lighting system.
Definition
Working fluid of the refrigeration cycle that absorbs heat at low
temperatures and reject heat at high temperatures.
Definition
Measure of a building's energy consumption with respect to similar
buildings. Buildings are scored on a scale of 0 to 100. A score of 50
demonstrates average performance. A score of 75 can provide anENERGY STAR rating for a building.
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GREEN-E
RENEWABLE ENERGY
CERTIFICATE
RENEWABLE ENERGY
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Definition
Tradable commodities that represent proof that electricity was created
from a renewable energy source. RECs are sold seperately from
electicity provided to the building.
Definition
A program established by the Center for Resource Solutions to
promote renewable electricity generation and allow users a nationally
recognized method to identify the production.
Definition
Energy produced from a source that will not become depleted from
our use. Examples include solar, wind and hydro.
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RAPIDLY RENEWABLE
REGIONAL MATERIAL
COMMINGLE
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Definition
Locating all waste (paper, plastic, metals, etc.) in one container for
seperation offsite.
Definition
Materials extracted and manufactured within a 500 mile radius of the
project site.
Definition
Products, both plant and animal, that take less than 10-years to grow
to maturity. Examples include cork, bamboo, natural rubber, wheat,
cotton, straw and linoleum.
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POST-CONSUMER
PRE-CONSUMER
SOURCE REDUCTION
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Materials that have been diverted from the waste stream during the
manufacturing process and used to create a product. The materials
have not been used previously however have been diverted from the
waste stream and are considered to be post-consumer.
Definition
Definition
Items that have been made from materials that have been used
previously in a different item.
The practice of limiting the amount of items purchased therefore
reducing the waste stream. Purchasing items with less packaging
materials is also a form of source control.
Definition
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FSC - WOOD
BREATHING ZONE
CHAIN OF CUSTODY
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The space located between 3 feet and 6 feet above the floor and at
least 2 feet from walls or fixed airconditioning systems. It is the space
in which indoor air is typically inhaled by building occupants.
Forest managers that have been successfully audited by the Forest
Stewardship Council (FSC) can label their wood as "FSC-Wood". The
audit requires the forest managers not to remove timber volume
faster than they are growing.
Definition
Tracking procedure for a product from the point of harvest to the end
use. FSC wood products are required to have a chain of custody
certification number to qualify towards a LEED credit.
Definition
Definition
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REGULARLY OCCUPIED SPACE
GLARE
VENTILATION
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Spaces in which occupants typically are located throughout a work
day. Regularly occupied spaces of residential buildings include dining,
living rooms and bedrooms.
Definition
The process of replacing indoor air with outdoor air such that carbon
dioxide levels and material off-gassing does not create a problem for
the occupants. ASHRAE 62.1 outlines the required minimumventilation rates for various occupancies.
Definition
Excessively bright source of light that causes discomfort or distraction
from task.
Definition
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INNOVATION
VISION GLAZING
VISIBLE LIGHT TRANSMITTANCE
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The portion of an exterior window between 30 and 90 inches above
the floor that permits a view to the outside.
Definition
A strategy that greatly exceeds the requirement of an existing LEED
credit…OR…. A new strategy that greatly exceeds standard practices
and includes a measurable environmental or energy benefit.
Definition
The ratio of total transmitted light to total incident light.
Definition
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BIODEGRADABLE
CARBON FOOTPRINT
EMISSIVITY
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Definition
Definition
Definition
The ratio of the radiation emitted by a surface to the radiation emitted
by a black body at the same temperature.
Able to decompose under natural conditions.
The measure of greenhouse gas emissions associated with an
activity.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN
BUILDING
ECOSYSTEM
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A unit of nature that includes a community of organisms and their non-
living environment linked by biological, chemical and physical
processes.
Definition
Definition
Long-term maintenance of ecosystem components and functions for
future generations.
A structure designed to conserve water and energy; use space,
materials and resources efficiently; minimize construction waste and
create a healthful indoor environment.
Definition
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INTEGRATED DESIGN TEAM
LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT
MARKET TRANSFORMATION
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An analysis of the environment aspects and the potential impacts
associated with a product, process or service.
Systematic improvements in the performance of a market or market
segments.
Definition
All the individuals involved in a building project from early in the
design process, including the design professionals, the owner's rep.
and the contractors.
Definition
Definition
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SUSTAINABILITY
LEED CREDIT
REGENERATIVE DESIGN
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Sustainable plans for built environments that improve existing
conditions.
Definition
Definition
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to their needs.
An optional component of the LEED rating system. If achieved one
point toward certification is awarded.
Definition
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CREDIT INTERPRETATION
REQUEST
LEED INTENT
LEED GREEN BUILDING RATING
SYSTEM
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Definition
A formal USGBC process in which the project team can receive
clarification on technical issues.
Definition
The primary goal of each LEED prerequsite and credit.
Definition
A voluntary, consensus-based, market driven building rating system
that provides a benchmark for new and existing buildings.
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ACID RAIN
BIODIVERSITY
LEED PREREQUISITE
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The variety of life in all forms, levels and combinations such as:
ecosystem / species / genetic DIVERSITY.
Definition
A LEED rating system requirement which is mandatory for project
certification however does not earn points toward certification.
Definition
The precipitation of dilute solutions of mineral acids, formed by the
mixing in the atmosphere of various industrial pollutants with naturally
occuring oxygen and water vapor.
Definition
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BUILDING DENSITY
BIOMASS
BIOSWALE
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A stormwater control feature that uses a combination of an
engineered basin, soils and vegetation to slow and detain stormwater,
increase groundwater recharge while reducing peak stormwater
runoff.
Definition
Definition
Plant material from trees, grass or crops that can be converted to
heat energy to produce electricity.
Definition
The floor area (square feet) of the building divided by the total area
(acre) of the site.
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BUILDING FOOTPRINT
COMMUNITY CONNECTIVITY
DEVELOPMENT DENSITY
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Definition
The total square footage of all buildings within a particular area,
measure in square feet per acre.
Definition
The area of the project site that is used by the building structure,
defined by the building perimeter. Site hardscapes are not included in
the building footprint.
Definition
The amount of connection between a site and the surrounding
community meausured by the proximity of basic services and
pedestrian access.
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DRY PONDS
FLOODPLAIN
FLOOR-TO-AREA RATIO
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Definition
Excavated areas that detain stormwater and slow runoff but are dry
between rain events. Wet ponds are similar but are designed to hold
water throughout the year.
Definition
Land is likely to be flooded by a 100-year storm.
Definition
The relationship between the total building floor area and the
allowable land area the building can cover.
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FOOT CANDLE
PRIME FARMLAND
RAIN GARDEN
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A stormwater management feature consisting of an excavated
depression and vegetation that collects and filters runoff to reduce
peak discharge rates.
Definition
A measure of the amount of illumination falling on a surface.
Definition
Previous undeveloped land with soil suitable for cultivation.
Definition
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STREET GRID DENSITY
SITE DISTURBANCE
SOLAR REFLECTANCE INDEX
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An indicator of neighborhood density, calculated as the number of
centerline miles per square mile.
Definition
The amount of a site that is disturbed by construction activity.
Definition
Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) is the measure of how well a material
rejects solar heat.The index ranges from 0 to about 100. 0 equates to
least reflective (i.e. black) and 100 equates to most reflective (i.e.
white).
Definition
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TRANSPORTATION DEMANDMANAGEMENT
WETLAND VEGETATION
COOLING TOWER
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Definition
Plants that require saturated soils to survive or can tolerate prolonged
wet soil conditions.
Definition
A structure that uses water to absorb heat from air-conditioning
systems and regulate air temperature in a facility.
Definition
The process of reducing peak-period vehicle trips.
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IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY
GALLONS PER FLUSH
GALLONS PER MINUTE
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The percentage of water delivered by irrigation equipment that is
actually used for irrigation and does not evaporate.
Definition
The amount of water consumed by flush fixtures (water closets,
urinals).
Definition
The amount of water consumed by flow fixtures. (faucet, showers,
etc.)
Definition
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HARVESTED RAINWATER
WASTEWATER
BRITISH THERMAL UNIT
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Definition
The spent water from a building or site that contains dissolved or
suspended matter.
Definition
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of
liquid on degree of temperature in Fahrenheit.
Definition
Precipitation collected and used for the water needs of the facility or
site.
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COMPACT FLOURESCENT LIGHTS
BUILDING ENVELOPE
CHILLER
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A small fluorescent lamp, used as an efficient alternative to
incandescent lighting.
Definition
The exterior surface of a building - wals, roof, windows, floor - also
referred to as the shell.
Definition
A device that removes heat from a liquid, typically as part of a
refrigeration system used to cool and dehumidify buildings.
Definition
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GREENHOUSE GAS EMMISSIONSPER CAPITA
ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
ENERGY USE INTENSITY
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Definition
A control system capable of monitoring environmental and system
loads and adjusting HVAC operations accordingly in order to
conserve energy while maintaining comfort.
Definition
Energy consumption divided by the floor area of the building.
Definition
A community's total greenhouse gas emissions divided by the total
number of residents.
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MEASURES OF ENERGY USE
FOSSIL FUEL
LIGHTING POWER DENSITY
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Typical primary measures of energy consumption associated with
buildings include kilo-watt hours of electricity, therms of natural gas
and gallons of liquid fuel.
Definition
Energy derived from ancient organic remains, such as peat, coal,
crude oil and natural gas.
Definition
The installed lighting power per unit area.
Definition
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NONRENEWABLE
PERFORMANCE RELATIVE TO
BENCHMARK
PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY
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Definition
A comparison of a building system's performance with a standard,
such as ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager.
Definition
Definition
Not capable of being replaced once used. Oil and natural gas are
nonrenewable energy sources.
Electricity produced from cells that convert sunlight.
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CONSTRUCTION WASTE
MANAGEMENT PLAN
BY-PRODUCT
CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION
DEBRIS
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A plan that diverts demolition + renovation + construction waste from
landfills and incinerators.
Definition
A material, other than the pricipal product, generated as a
consequence of an industrial process or as a breakdown product in a
living system.
Definition
Waste and recyclables generated from demolition, renovation and
construction process. It does not include land-clearing debris or
hazardous materials.
Definition
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RECYCLED CONTENT
REUSE
SALVAGED MATERIAL
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Definition
A building material that is being returned to active use in its original
capacity.
Definition
Items recovered from existing sites and reused . Examples include
structural beams, floors, doors and cabinetry.
Definition
The percentage of a material, by weight or volume, that is from a
previous material.
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AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY
WASTE DIVERSION
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The level of pollutants prescribed by regulations that is not to be
exceeded during a given time in a defined area.
Definition
Management of forest resources to meet long-term forest production
needs.
Definition
The amount of waste disposed of other than through landfills or
incinerators.
Definition
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AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
ASHRAE
BAKE-OUT
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Definition
American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning
Engineers.
Definition
A process used to remove volatile organic compounds from a building
by elevating the temperature in the fully furnished and ventilated
building prior to human occupancy.
Definition
The temperature of the surrounding air or medium.
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CONTROLLABILITY OF SYSTEMS
CARBON DIOXIDECONCENTRATION
CONTAMINANT
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The percentage of occupants who have direct control over
temperature, airflow and lighting within their work space.
Definition
An indicator of the ventilation effectiveness within a facility.
Definition
An airborne element that is detrimental to indoor air quality.
Definition
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FLUSH-OUT
INDOOR AIR QUALITY
MINIMUM EFFICIENY REPORTING
VALUE (MERV)
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Definition
The nature of the air within a building that effects the health and well-
being of the occupants.
Definition
A rating that indicates the efficiency of an air filter. The rating ranges
from 1 - 16. 1 = very inefficient filter. 16 very efficient filter.
Definition
Providing 100% outside air to the building after construction and
before occupancy to remove chemicals that may be off-gassing from
new building materials.
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POLLUTANTS
OFF-GASSING
PARTICULATES
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Any substance introduced into the environment that harms the
usefullness of a resource or health of humans, animals or
ecosystems. Air pollutants include Carbon Dioxide, Sulfure Dioxide,
Nitrogen Oxides, Mercury, small particulates (PM2.5) and largeparticulatesd (PM10).
Definition
The emission of volatile organic compounds from synthetic and
natural products.
Definition
Solid particles or liquid droplets within the atmosphere. Examples
include dust, emissions and combustions by-products.
Definition
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SICK BUILDING SYNDROME
THERMAL COMFORT
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
(VOC)
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Definition
The temperature, humidity and ventilation ranges in which most
people experience comfort within a building.
Definition
The amount of carbon compounds that participate in atmospheric
photochemical reactions and vaporize at room temperature VOC's
Definition
A combination of symptoms experienced by occupants that are linked
to the time spent within a building.