9 BioenergéTica
Transcript of 9 BioenergéTica
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Bioenergética e Introdução ao Metabolismo
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FIGURE 1 Cycling of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the autotrophic (photosynthetic) and heterotrophic domains in the biosphere.
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Energy relationships between catabolic and anabolic pathways.
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Oxidação completa de Glicose
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∆G0’ = - 2,303 R.T.log Keq’
A + B < ---- > C + D
• Keq’ = [C]eq.[D]eq [A]eq.[B]eq
• Relação entre constante de equilibrio de uma reação e a variação de energia livre-padrão (reagentes e produtos 1 M, a 250C e 1 atm, em pH 7,0).
• Quando as concentrações de reagentes e produtos são diferentes de 1 M
∆G’ = ∆G0’ + 2,303 R.T.log ( [C].[D] ) [A].[B]
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∆G0’ = - 2,303 R.T.log Keq’
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(carboidrato e lipídeo)
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(1) Glucose + Pi ----- glucose 6-phosphate + H2O
(2) ATP + H2O ---- ADP + Pi _________________________________________
Soma: ATP + glucose ----- ADP + glucose 6-phosphate
∆G’0 = 13.8 kJ/mol
∆G’0 = -30.5 kJ/mol
∆G’0 = 13.8 kJ/mol + (-30.5 kJ/mol) = -16.7 kJ/mol
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Hidrólise de ATP
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Hidrólise de Fosfocreatina
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Hidrólise de Fosfoenolpiruvato
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Hidrólise de 1,3-Bisfosfoglicerato
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Hidrólise de Acetil-CoA
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Síntese de compostos acoplado à hidrólise de ATP
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Ativação de ácido graxo
Ativação do Palmitato
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Reações Biológicas de Óxido-Redução
∆G0’ = - n.F.∆E0’
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∆G0’ = - n.F.∆E0’
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∆G0’ = - n.F.∆E0’
∆E0’ = E0’ox – E0’red
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ExemploAcetaldehyde + NADH + H + Ethanol + NAD+
Acetaldehyde + 2H+ + 2e - Ethanol E’0 = - 0.197 V oxidante
NAD+ + 2H+ + 2e - NADH + H+ E’0 = - 0.320 V redutor
∆E0’ = E0’ox – E0’red∆E0’ = -0,197V – ( - 0,320V) = 0,123 V , n = 2
∆G0’ = - n.F.∆E0’ F = 96.5 kJ/V.mol = 23.1 kcal/V.mol (1cal = 4,184 J)∆G0` = - 2 (96,5 kJ/V.mol) (0,123V) = - 23,7 kJ/mol = - 5,7 kcal/mol
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Dehidrogenases que usam NAD+
ou NADP+ como coenzimas
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Coenzimas em Flavoproteínas
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Considerando que um(a) corredor(a) de elite (63 Kg) em uma Maratona correrá 42 Km em menos de 130 min, êle/ela:
• Gastará aproximadamente 3.000 quilocalorias• Oxidará quase 700 g de carboidratos (90% do
Glicogênio)• Oxidará mais de 30 g de gordura• Utilizará aproximadamente 600 L de oxigênio• Quebrará e produzirá mais de 150 moles de ATP