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Basics of Operating Systems Multi-processor System & Operating System Components

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Recap

In the last class, you have learnt about

• Distributed Systems

• Real Time Systems

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Objectives

On completion of this period, you would be able to know

• Multi processor System

• Operating System Components

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Multi Processor System

• Multi processor system are also known as parallel

systems have two or more processors working in

close communication with one another

• Generally these multiple processors share bus,

clock, memory and peripheral devices

• Multiprocessors systems are also called as

parallel systems or tightly coupled systems

Multi Processor System

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Advantages

• Increased throughput: More work will be done in less time

• Economical: Multi processor system can save more

money than multiple single processor systems, because

they share peripherals, mass storage and power supplies

• Increased reliability: If function can be distributed

properly among several processors, then the failure of one

processor will not halt the system, it only slows it down

Multi Processor System

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Operating System Components

• Operating system is a large and complex program

• It can be divided into the following modules based on

their functioning

– Process Management

– Main memory management

– File management

– I/O management

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Operating System Components

– Secondary memory management

– Security system

– Command interpreter system

– Networking support system

– Protection system

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Operating System Components

Process Management

• A process can be defined as a program in execution

• If more than one program is executing at the same time on

the computer

– then it is the responsibility of the operating system to

allocate CPU

– and other resources to the process so that they can

execute properly

• Operating system has to keep track of all processes

– and ensure that the execution of one of them does not

alter the other process

Operating System Components

Process Management

• The OS is responsible for the following activities in

connection with the process management

– Creating and deleting both user and system process

– Suspending and resuming process

– Providing mechanisms for process synchronization

– Providing mechanisms for process communication

– Providing mechanisms for dead lock handling

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Operating System Components

Main Memory Management

• The OS is responsible for the following activities in

connection with memory management

– Keeping track of which parts of memory are

currently being used and by whom

– Deciding which processes and data to move into

and out of memory

– Allocating and deallocating memory space as

needed

Operating System Components

File management

• The OS is responsible for activities in connection

with file management

– creation and deletion of files

– creating and deleting of a directories

– storing files on secondary media, facilities for backup of

file

– It also help in copy / movement of files from one disk to

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Operating System Components

I/O management

• The operating system performs the coordination between

various input / output devices, such as keyboard, mouse,

screen, printer etc., and the programs that are running

Secondary Storage Management

• This module is responsible for management of secondary

memory

• The tasks of the module are

– Free space management

– Storage allocation

– Disk scheduling

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Operating System Components

Security system

• The operating system provides appropriate security

and integrity mechanisms which ensures the safety of

the data and programs on the computer

Command interpreter system

• It is the interface between the user and the operating

system

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Operating System Components

Network management

• The responsibilities of the module are routing

and connection strategies, problems of

conflict and security

Protection system

• In multi programming environment one

process must be protected from one another

activities

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Summary

• Multi processor system are also known as parallel systems have more than one CPU working in close communications with one another

• Operating system is a large and complex program. It can be divided into the following modules based on their functioning

• Process Management

• Main memory management

• File management

• I/O management

• Secondary memory management

• Security system

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Frequently Asked Questions

1. List the advantages of multiprocessor system

2. List the various operating system

components

3. Write a brief note on the components of the

OS

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Quiz

1. In a multi processor system there is close

communication between the processor

a) True

b) False

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Quiz

2. In a tightly coupled system each CPU has

its own local memory

a) True

b) False

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Quiz

3.The purpose of process management component

of an OS is providing security to the program.

a) True

b) False

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Other subject materials

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