8/1/11 Managing Data: Information Systems System · PDF fileComputer-Based Information Systems...
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8/1/11 1 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall System Categories Behind the Scenes: Types of Information Systems Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Managing Data: Information Systems • Information systems – Software-based solutions used to gather and analyze information • Functions performed by information systems include – Acquiring data – Processing data into information – Storing data – Providing output options Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Computer Information Systems Categories • Transaction processing system (TPS) • Management information system (MIS) • Decision support system (DSS) • Executive support system (ESS) • Office support system (OSS) or office automation system (OAS) • Knowledge work system (KWS) Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Transaction Processing Systems TPS • Tracks basic accounting activities and business operations • Creates databases from routine operations • Also called data processing systems (DPS) Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Transaction Processing Systems TPS • Records everyday business activities • Batch processing • Real-time processing Accounting Activities TPS • Sales order processing • Accounts receivable • Inventory control Accounts payable Payroll General ledger
Transcript of 8/1/11 Managing Data: Information Systems System · PDF fileComputer-Based Information Systems...
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Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
System Categories
Behind the Scenes: Types of Information Systems
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Managing Data: Information Systems
• Information systems – Software-based solutions used to gather and
analyze information • Functions performed by information
systems include – Acquiring data – Processing data into information – Storing data – Providing output options
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Computer Information Systems Categories
• Transaction processing system (TPS)
• Management information system (MIS)
• Decision support system (DSS)
• Executive support system (ESS)
• Office support system (OSS) or office automation
system (OAS)
• Knowledge work system (KWS)
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Transaction Processing Systems TPS
• Tracks basic accounting activities and business operations
• Creates databases from routine operations • Also called data processing systems (DPS)
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Transaction Processing Systems TPS
• Records everyday business activities
• Batch processing • Real-time
processing
Accounting Activities TPS
• Sales order processing • Accounts receivable • Inventory control
" Accounts payable " Payroll " General ledger
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Management Information Systems MIS
• Uses captured databases • Produces standardized reports • Integrates data across organization function areas
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Management Information Systems MIS
• Provide timely and accurate information for managers in making business decisions
• Periodic report: – Details of
transactions that occur during a period of time
• Exception report: – Show unusual
conditions • Demand report:
– Consolidate detailed data
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Management Information Systems MIS
• Common Standardize Report Categories – Periodic – weekly, monthly, quarterly – Exception – unusual good or bad events – Demand –reoccurring, but upon request statistics
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Decision Support Systems DSS
• Help managers develop solutions for specific non-recurring problems
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Decision Support Systems DSS
• Unanticipated (non-recurring) questions – Different from transaction process system and
management information systems – Analysis tool for helping provide answers to non-
recurring problems
Decision Support Systems DSS
• Enables managers to get answers to unexpected, unstructured problems
• Analyzes data for decision makers
• Group decision support system (GDSS) – Collectively supports DSS – Addresses large problems
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Components DSS
• User – Decision-makers who analyze
unanticipated situations • System software
– Easy to use operating system • Data
– Internal & external • Decision models
– analytical capabilities
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Data DSS
• DSS System Software – Internal databases
• Sales Forecasting • Summaries, Budgets
– External data • Trade, Government • Economics • Census
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Decision Models DSS
" Strategic " Top-level managers--long-range
planning " Tactical " Middle managers--control work
of organization " Operational " Lower-level managers--
evaluating day-to-day activities
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Model Management Systems
• Software that assists in building management models in DSS
• Can be built to describe any business situation • Typically contain financial and statistical analysis
tools
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Executive Support Systems ESS
• Designed specifically for top management
• Consists of sophisticated software
• Accesses the organization's performance data
Executive Support Systems ESS
• Designed for top management • Ease of use
– Condensed text and graphics • Compare the company’s performance to
external competitive data
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Three Levels of Information Systems
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Office Support/Automation Systems OSS/OAS
Knowledge Work Systems KWS
• Assist other employees in day-to-day tasks
• Improve organization communications
• Considered information workers
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Office Support/Automation Systems OSS/OAS
• Data workers – Secretaries – Clerks – Entry Specialists
• Office support or automation systems (OSSs or OASs) – Project managers – Video conferencing systems, voice
messaging, email
• Support of individuals, management and functions – Data workers
• Distribute and communicate • Managing and scheduling documents
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Knowledge Work Systems KWS
• Knowledge workers – Engineers – Scientists – Designers
• Knowledge work systems (KWSs) – Use specialized systems – CAD/CAM by engineers – Creative illustration, landscaping
• Support of individuals, management and functions – Knowledge workers
• Create new information • Specialized, research and
development information
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Office support/automation systems (OSS/OAS)
Knowledge work systems (KWS)
Computer-Based Information Systems
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Enterprise Resource Planning Information Systems
• Integrates multiple data sources • Enables smooth flow of information • Allows information to be used across
multiple function areas of an enterprise • Accumulates information in central
locations
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FAQs
• What is an information system and what types of information systems are used in business?
• Which information system produces standardized or summarized, structured reports?
• What system is used for solving unanticipated decisions?
• Which system would be used by a company CEO?
Discussion Questions
• Define the following terms - TPS, MIS, DSS, ESS, OAS and KWS.
• Describe all of the information systems listed above. • What is the purpose of a transaction processing
system? • What do knowledge workers do?
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Participation Question Decision support systems (DSS) are used for solving ________ problems and producing analysis reports. A. routine B. transaction C. industry-trend D. structured E. unstructured
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Participation Question Which information system is for producing standardize reports from the internal databases? A. Transaction processing systems (TPS) B. Management information system (MIS) C. Decision support systems (DSS) D. Executive support systems (ESS) E. Knowledge work systems (KWS)
