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PREPARATION PREPARATION

OF SOLUBLE SALTOF SOLUBLE SALT

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Salt Preparation

Salt type(Na+, K+, NH4

)

salt type Except (Na+, K+, NH4)

Soluble salts Insoluble salts

Acid +Alkaline Acid + Metallic oxide

Acid + metallic carbonate

Acid + Metal

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Acid + Alkali SaltAcid + Alkali Salt

HHCl Cl + + NaNaOH OH NaCl + H NaCl + H22OO KOH + HBr KBr + H2OKOH + HBr KBr + H2O Neutralization reactionNeutralization reaction

acid + alkali react with each other acid + alkali react with each other form salt & waterform salt & water

HH++(acid) + (acid) + OHOH--(alkali) H(alkali) H22O(waterO(water ClCl--(-ve of acid) + (-ve of acid) + Na Na (+ve from (+ve from

alkali) alkali) salt(NaCl) salt(NaCl)

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(HCl + NaOH) NaCl

Titration method

Evaporation/Heating

Cooling/crystallization

Filtration

Dry

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Add metallic oxide/metal/carbonate oxide

Heating

Filtration

Zn + 2HClZn + 2HCl ZnClZnCl2 2 + H+ H22

Recrystallisation

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Heating Filtration

Evaporation

Dry Filtration

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Titration

Burette

HClRetort stand

25 ml NaOH + phenolphthalein

(2 drops)

Erlenmeyer Flask

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Evaporation/HeatingEvaporation/Heating

Heat

Triport Stand

Heat the salt solution until

saturated~1/3 from initial

volume

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Cooling/crystallization

Salt

Crystal

Crystallization

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FiltrationFiltration

Salt crystal

Filter paper

Filter funnel

Filtered solution

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DryDry

Filter paper

Soluble salt

crystal

Dried by

filter paper

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Add metallic metal/metal/metallic carbonate powder until saturated

Rode glass

30ml acid

Metallic metalCuO/MgO/ZnO

MetalZn/Mg

Metallic carbonateZnCO3/ MgCO3/CuCO3

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HeatingHeating

Rode glasssalt solution

Heat

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EvaporatiEvaporation on

Rode glassSalt solution

Heat

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FiltrationFiltration

Saturated salt crystal

Rode glass

Filter paperRemainder:

metallic oxide/excess metal

Salt solution

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FFiltrationn

Rode glass

Pure salt crystal

salt solution

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Salt crystal Salt crystal characteristiccharacteristic

Flatted surfaceFlatted surface Straight sideStraight side Shape edgeShape edge Uniform Uniform

geometrygeometry Degree between Degree between

neighboring neighboring surface is surface is constantconstant

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HeatingHeating

Impurities salt solution

Heat

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FiltrationFiltration

Rode glass

Impurities salt solution

Remainder

Salt solution

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EvaporationEvaporation

Heat

Rode glassSalt

solution

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FiltrationFiltration

Rode glass

Remainder

Salt solution

Impurities salt

solution

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FFiltrationn

Rode glass

Pure salt crystal

salt solution