8th Grade ScienceMrs. Dickerson

Some images are from www.chem4kids.com

www.middleschoolscience.com 2008

Groups on the Periodic TableElements on the periodic table can be

grouped based on their chemical properties.Each group has a specific name to

differentiate it from the other groups in the periodic table.

Elements in each groupreact differently with other elements.

HYDROGENThis element does not match the properties

of any other group, so it stands alone.It is placed above Group 1, but it is not a part

of that group.Very reactiveColorlessOdorlessGas at room temperature

ALKALI METALSGroup 1Hydrogen is not a member, it is

a non-metal1 electron in the outer shellSoft, shiny, silver-colored metalsVery reactive, esp. with waterNever found in nature in their

pure formConduct electricity

Image: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html

Alkali Metals ExamplesLithium

Sodium

ALKALINE-EARTH METALSGroup 22 electrons in the

outer shellWhite or silver-

colored and malleable (easily shaped)

Reactive, but less than Alkali metals

Conduct electricity

Alkaline-Earth Metals Examples

Calcium

TRANSITION METALSGroups 3 - 12

Good conductors of heat and electricity.

Some are used for jewelry.

The transition metals are able to put up to 32 electrons in their second to last shell.

Shiny

Transition Metals Examples

BORON GROUPGroup 133 electrons in

the outer shell4 are metalsBoron is a

metalloid

Boron Group ExamplesAluminum

CARBON GROUPGroup 144 electrons in

the outer shellContains 2

metals, 2 metalloids, and one nonmetal

Carbon Group ExamplesCarbon Fiber

NITROGEN GROUPGroup 155 electrons in the

outer shellCan share

electrons to form compounds

Contains 1 metal, two metalloids, and two nonmetals

Nitrogen Group ExamplesNitrogen is found in fertilizers

Liquid Nitrogen

OXYGEN GROUPGroup 166 electrons in

the outer shellContains 1

metal, 1 metalloid, and 3 nonmetals

Reactive group

Oxygen Group Examples

Sulfur is found ingunpowder

HALOGENSGroup 177 electrons in the

outer shellAll are non-metalsVery reactive are

often bonded with elements from Group 1

Poor conductors of heat and electricity

Halogen Group Examples

NOBLE GASESGroup 18Exist as gasesNon-metals8 electrons in the

outer shell = FullHelium (He) has

only 2 electrons in the outer shell = Full

Not reactive with other elements

Colorless and odorless at room temperature

Noble Gases Examples

LANTHANIDES AND ACTINIDESRare earth

metalsLanthanides

are shiny and reactive

Actinides are ALL radioactive and unstable

Conduct electricity

Elements 93-118 do not exist in nature but have been manufactured in the lab

LANTHANIDES AND ACTINIDES