Peter Thomas – Control Specialists Ltd

Chairman PROFIBUS & PROFINET International Training Centre's

PROFINET Commissioning & Testing

2 PI UK

PROFINET - Overview 2

PROFINET is a member of a family providing industrial communications over Ethernet.

PROFINET is:

completely standard Ethernet (IEEE802.3).

High speed, operating at 100Mbit/s or faster over copper or fibre-optic cables,

makes use of existing IT standards. But, is “real-time” and deterministic,

PROFINET is very well thought out to incorporate all the requirements of automation and control systems.

PROFINET is totally compatible with PROFIBUS but is NOT PROFIBUS over Ethernet.

September 2017

3 PI UK

PROFIBUS v PROFINET 3

Feature PROFIBUS DP PROFINET

Network size 126 devices max. Effectively unlimited

Data Rate Up to 12M bit/s 100 Mbit/s

Update rate and prioritisation All devices have same

update rate and priority Different update rates and priorities

Controlling Station Class 1 Master IO Controller

IO Equipment Slave IO Device

Diagnostic / Configuration Tool Class 2 Master IO Supervisor

Protocols DPV0, DPV1, DPV2 PROFINET RT, ARP, DCP,

SNMP, LLDP, TCP/IP, HTTP, MRP

IT services Not possible Integrated in devices

Real-Time Yes Yes

September 2017

4 PI UK

PROFIBUS v PROFINET 4

Feature PROFIBUS DP PROFINET

Topology Typically linear bus but tree and ring

possible Linear, star, tree and ring

Redundancy Possible but manufacturer specific Simple and standardised

Engineering access Changes possible but needs

network restart Possible without disrupting

operation

Standard Diagnostics Yes Yes

Alarms Only on DPV1 Yes, with priority

Addressing By switch or over bus Over network

Network Devices Repeaters, Hubs, OLM’s Switches

Termination Switch-selectable Built into RJ45 connector

Cable 2 core shielded twisted pair 4 core shielded twisted pair

September 2017

5 PI UK

PROFINET – In operation 5

PROFINET

HTTP SNMP Socket

IP

TCP / UDP

Sensor system

PC SNMP/OPC server

PROFINET IRT Field devices PC

Internet Explorer

Real-Time RT IRT

Ethernet

PROFINET RT Field devices

September 2017

6 PI UK

PROFINET – Topology 6

Line

Tree

Star

Ring

September 2017

7 PI UK

PROFINET – IO Devices 7

Ethernet

IO-Controller

Configuration

Control/monitoring Alarms

Diagnosis

Status/Control

Parameters IO-Device

PROFINET Supervisor

E.g. PLC running application program.

E.g. PC or laptop running engineering tool application.

E.g. Field device with inputs/outputs

(Compare with PROFIBUS Class-1 master)

(Compare with PROFIBUS Class-2 master)

(Compare with PROFIBUS Slave device)

September 2017

8 PI UK

PROFINET – Commissioning Guideline 8

• This is one of several free-to-download guidelines documents available to members.

• It provides guidance on how to verify the installation aspects of the network as well as how to commission the live system.

• These tests are additional to the application-specific, System Acceptance Testing that would usually be performed.

Failure to follow these guidelines puts you at risk of having your application tests pass without a detailed knowledge of the underlying performance of your network !

September 2017

9 PI UK

PROFINET – Installation Acceptance 9

• Visual Checking of the cabling. • Point-to-Point electrical testing of the cabling using a

simple line tester. • Point-to-point acceptance testing of the cabling using an

Ethernet Function tester.

Installation Acceptance tests should ideally be performed by individuals who have Certified PROFINET Installer accreditation.

September 2017

10 PI UK

PROFINET – Installation Acceptance – Visual Checks 10

The guideline lists 23 individual checks that should be performed on each cable. Examples are

• Cable laid according to plan? • Maximum length of 100m observed? • Cable screen earthed at both ends to a previously

proven earthing system. • Cable separation rules followed?

September 2017

11 PI UK

PROFINET – Installation Acceptance – Cable Testing 11

The main criteria for the simple electrical

testing of PROFINET cables are:

• There are no short-circuits between any

wires.

• There are no short-circuits between any

wire and the screen

• There are no wire breaks.

• The shield is connected at both ends.

• The wire pairing has been observed

correctly.

September 2017

12 PI UK

PROFINET – Installation Acceptance – Cable Certification 12

• Simple line testers are designed to test the electrical aspects of the cable.

• The more advanced function and acceptance testers establish the ability of that cable to successfully transmit predefined data packages as well as determine cable length, attenuation and cross-talk.

September 2017

13 PI UK

PROFINET – Operational Qualification 13

• Checking that the addressing and naming of all IO devices are in conformance with the design specification.

• Determining other device-related information such as MAC addresses, Firmware versions etc.

• Establishing that the topology is in conformance with the design specification.

• Establishing the absence of discarded and error telegrams. • Establishing operational characteristics and absence of

telegram errors.

September 2017

14 PI UK

PROFINET – IO Device Identification 14

• Every PROFINET device has a world-wide unique MAC address assigned by the manufacturer.

• The MAC address is unique to that particular device and will change if the device is replaced with a spare.

• Before a device can take part in communications with an IO Controller, it must have been configured with a PROFINET Device Name.

• When the IO Controller initialises communication with the IO Device, it will allocate an IP address to it.

• Note - All real-time communications takes place using MAC addresses.

MAC Address: 00: 0E:CF:04:68:7A Device Name: MySensorName123 IP Address: 192.168.1.23 HW Version: 1.0 FW Version: 1.24

September 2017

15 PI UK

PROFINET – Topology – Line Depth 15

• Line depth is the number of forwarding switches between an IO Controller and an IO Device.

• The line depth will affect the cycle time that the device can be polled at.

September 2017

16 PI UK

Operational Quality Criteria 16

September 2017

17 PI UK

PROFINET – EMC Criteria 17

• EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) and Protective Earth (PE) issues are acknowledged as being the cause of a significant number of problems on Fieldbuses and Industrial networks like PROFIBUS and PROFINET.

• This is because of the ever-increasing frequencies that such systems operate at.

• Simply ensuring that the cable screen is connected to earth at both ends serves no purpose if the earth loop impedance at “typical” frequencies is too high.

September 2017

18 PI UK

PROFINET – Monitoring Tools 18

TO PROFINET NETWORK

Internet Browser

This permanent monitoring solution can be used during qualification and on-going support. It has no effect on the PROFINET network which will continue to operate even if power to the monitor is removed.

24v

Volt-Free Contact to PLC

September 2017

19 PI UK

PROFINET – Acceptance Specification 19

• A document like this acts as a formal record of the installation and operational qualification tests.

• It should clearly define roles and responsibilities. • Define the type of tools required to perform the tests and

typical specifications. • Each test should cross-reference back to the appropriate

section in the relevant design specification. • Have clear descriptions of the tests and unambiguous

acceptance criteria. • There should be space available for the tester to

sign/date each test and make notes.

September 2017

20 PI UK

Peter Thomas (Control Specialists Ltd)

Chairman of the

PROFINET & PROFIBUS International Training Centres

(PITC‘s)

Peter Thomas Control Specialists Ltd

PROFINET – Questions?

September 2017

21 PI UK 21 September 2017

Thankyou

Peter Thomas

Chairman of PI Training Centres

www.linkedin.com/in/petermthomas

Control Specialists Ltd

www.controlspecialists.co.uk

https://controlspecialists.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/16012_Indu_Sol_EMC_brochure_2017.pdf