8 Invertebrate Organisms
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Transcript of 8 Invertebrate Organisms
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8 Invertebrate Organisms
8 Different Organisms Lab
Protists and Animals using the Microscopes
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#1 = Brown Planaria
Is this a multicellular animal or a single celled protista?
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#1 = Brown Planarian• Kingdom: Animalia• Phylum: Platyhelminthes• Class: Turbellaria• Order: Tricladida• Family:Planariidae
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#1 = Planarians
Planaria are non-parasitic FLATWORMS which are BILATERAL
Planaria are common to many parts of the world, living in both saltwater (MARINE) and freshwater ponds and rivers.
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#1 - PlanarianSome are TERRESTRIAL and
are found on plants in humid areas.
These animals move by beating CILIA on the ventral dermis, allowing them to glide along on a film of mucus.
Some move by UNDULATIONS of the whole body by the contractions of MUSCLES built into the body wall.
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#1 - Planaria They exhibit an extraordinary ability
to REGENERATE lost body parts. For example, a planarian split lengthwise or crosswise will regenerate into two separate individuals.
The size ranges from 3 to 12 mm Has two eye-spots (also known as
ocelli) that can detect the intensity of light. The eye-spots act as photoreceptors and are used to move away from light sources = NEGATIVE PHOTOTAXIC
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#1 - PlanarianPlanaria have three GERM layers
(ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm)
Acoelomate (i.e. they have a solid body with no body cavity).
Single-opening digestive tractThe most frequently used in
class = brownish Dugesia tigrina.
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Planarian Layers…
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#1 - Planaria
Eats decaying meat! BUT are not parasites
Can be conditioned to respond to stimuli
Display the ability to master a two-choice maze
Can transfer the memory of training from one individual to another – not sure how…
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#1 = Planarian’s inside…
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#2 – Vinegar Eels Do you think these are animals or
protista?
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#2 – Vingegar Eels Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: NematodaClass: SecernenteaOrder: RhabditidaGenus: TurbatrixSpecies: T. aceti
Info from Wikipedia
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#2 Vinegar Eels Turbatrix aceti (Vinegar eels, Vinegar
nematode) are free-living nematodes that feed on the microbial culture.
Can be in a low pH – very acidic environment of 1.5. As humans, we want to be in a neutral situation like 7. The scale for acids-bases goes from 1-14 and 1 is acidic 7 is neutral and 14 is basic
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#2 = Vinegar Eels Nematodes with
Mouth and Anus
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#2 Vinegar EelsRoundworms are the lowest
animals that have a complete digestive tract! They have both a mouth and an anus. The hydra only have one opening, the planaria only have one. These are complex!!!
Aerobic - so they need airVinegar will have these
nematodes in it unless it is filtered and pasteurized.
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Movie Clip of #2 Vinegar Eels
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Click to see Video… http://www.microscopyu.com/movieg
allery/pondscum/nematode/videos/nematode04df20x.mpg
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#3 = Daphnia Do you think this is an animal or a
protista?
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#3 - Daphnia Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: ArthropodaSubphylum: CrustaceaClass: BranchiopodaOrder: CladoceraFamily: DaphniidaeGenus: DaphniaInformation from Wikipedia
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#3 =Daphnia MagnaTypically called a “water flea”These are actually crustaceans! These belong to the arthropod
phylumHas gills, and two pairs of
antennaeMajor part of food chainNeed light but UV light hurts
them
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Daphnia Magna Anatomy ofwater flea
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#3 = Daphnia
Yummy inside a hydra’s tummy!
Hydra will eat the daphnia! Remember: major food chain
part
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#4 - Hydra Do you think the hydra is an animal
or a protista?
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# 4 - Hydra Kingdom: Animalia
Subkingdom: EumetazoaPhylum: CnidariaSubphylum: MedusozoaClass: HydrozoaSubclass: LeptolinaeOrder: AnthomedusaeSuborder: CapitataFamily: HydridaeGenus: Hydra
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#4 - HydraHydra are named after the nine-
headed sea snake of Greek mythology and are freshwater relatives of corals, sea anemones and jellyfish.
All are members of a primitive phylum, the Cnidaria, and share in common stinging tentacles and a radially symmetrical body plan.
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#4 - Hydra The gut of cnidarians has only one
opening and is termed the gastrovascular cavity.
Unlike more complex animals, cnidarians are designed around 2 sheets of tissue: the ECTODERM and the ENDODERM
The two are separated by a gelatinous partition named the mesoglea. This layer is greatly expanded in jellyfish, but is much reduced in hydra.
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#4 - Hydra Like to eat Daphnia! Coelenterata or a Cnidaria Simplest animal with definite TISSUE! Only has one opening = mouth =
that leads to a gastrovascular cavity The tentacles can Sting!!! There are
nematocyst threads that harpoon food
Can be 25 mm in length Move by somersaulting or sliding like
an inchworm
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#4 - HydraCan regenerate lost parts! Cut in
half and the body will form into two complete animals in a few days
Form buds to reproduce asexually, see one here
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HYDRA VIDEO! CLICK HERE… http://www.microscopyu.com/movieg
allery/pondscum/hydra/videos/hydra03ob.mpg
http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum/hydra/videos/hydra03ob.mpg
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#5 - Amoeba Do you think that an Amoeba is an
animal or a protista?
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# 5 - Amoeba Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: AmoebozoaPhylum: TubulineaOrder: TubulinidaFamily: AmoebidaeGenus: Amoeba
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#5 = Amoeba proteous Simple,
Unicellular, no distinct shape
If you cut it apart, the cell portion with the nucleus will regrow, the other part will die.
If you cut the nucleus = death
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#5 Amoeba Has pseudopods which are used to
capture prey (pseudo = false & pod = foot)
They simply engulf their food. They can detect the kind of prey and use different 'engulfing tactics‘ = ways to eat…
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Engulfing = EATING!!!
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#6 Rotifers Do you think these are animals or
protista?
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#6 - Rotifers Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: AnimaliaSubkingdom: EumetazoaSuperphylum: PlatyzoaPhylum: Rotifera
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#6 RotifersThese are in the ANIMAL
KINGDOMHas a false body cavity
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#6 – Rotifers Most rotifers are around 0.1-0.5 mm
long, and are common in freshwater environments throughout the world with a few saltwater species. TINY!!!
Some rotifers are free swimming, others move by inchworming along
Some are SESSILE (anchored, still, not moving around) living inside tubes or gel-like areas
About 25 species are COLONIAL– form into group
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Rotifers Rotifers – shapes and pictures of their jaws
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#7 = Aeolosoma Do you think these are animals or do
you think they are protista?
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#7 = AeolosomaSee the bristles on the body?
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#7 - Aeolosoma Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: AnnelidaClass: OligochaetaOrder: ClitellataFamily: TubificidaeSubfamily: NaidinaeGenus: Chaetogaster
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#7 - Aeolosomas http://www.microsc
opyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum/annelida/aeolosomas/index.html
Check out that link to see videos!!!
Check for the bristles on the worm.
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#7 - Worms are animals! These are worms so they are
animals, in case you didn’t notice…
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#8 - Paramecium These look like worms but they are
super small and they are single cells…
So, are they animals or protists?
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#8 – Paramecium Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: ProtistaPhylum: CiliophoraClass: CiliateaOrder: PeniculidaFamily: ParameciidaeGenus: Paramecia
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#8 ParameciumUnicellular ciliate protozoaFormerly known as “slipper
animalcules” from their slipper shapeSimple cilia cover the body,
which allow the cell to move like a caterpillar. There is also a deep oral groove containing inconspicuous compound oral cilia used to draw food inside. They generally feed on bacteria and other small cells.
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#8 - ParameciumOsmoregulation is carried out by
a pair of contractile vacuoles which actively expel water absorbed by osmosis from their surroundings.
Paramecia are widespread in freshwater environments, and are especially common in scums.
Paramecia are attracted by acidic conditions.
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#8 ParameciumWhen a paramecium
encounters an obstacle, it exhibits the so-called avoidance reaction: It backs away at an angle and starts off in a new direction.
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#8 - Paramecium Has a VACUOLE to remove wastes Has a NUCLEUS Has hairs called CILIA to move it
around
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#8 - Paramecium Paramecium aurelia Scientific classification Kingdom:Protista Phylum:Ciliophora Class:Oligohymenophorea Order:Peniculida Family:Parameciidae Genus:Paramecia Species: aurelia
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#8 - ParameciumVery SmallLooked like fast moving little logsUnicellularEukaryotes = so they do have a nucleus BUT not much to see inside or see them do…
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PARAMECIUM
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Complex insides of Paramecium
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Did you learn 3 small animals and 1 protista?
Video link for 5 minutes
http://www.ebiomedia.com/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=shop.flypage&product_id=1&category_id=3&manufacturer_id=0&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=38