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Amines

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Amines are organic compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group.

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Aliphatic amines

Primary amine

Secondary amine

Tertiary amine

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Aromatic amines

Aniline, phenylamine or aminobenzene

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Methylamine Dimethylamine

Trimethylamine

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Amines are organic bases

The increasing in basicity in gas

The increasing in basicity in water solution

Aliphatic amines

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The decreasing in basicity

Aromatic amines

Phenylamine Diphenylamine

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Chemical Properties.

1)CH3CH2NH2 + HOH → [CH3CH2NH3]+OH-

2) CH3CH2NH2 + HCl → [CH3CH2NH3]+Cl-

3) Prim CH3CH2NH2 + HNO2 → CH3CH2OH + N2↑ + H2O

4) Sec (CH3CH2) 2NH + HNO2 → (CH3CH2) 2N―N O + H═ 2O Nitroseamine.5)Tert (CH3CH2)3N + HNO2 → no reaction

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Fe,HCl

C6H5NO2 → C6H5NH2

6) Test on amines:

a)CH3CH2NH2 + HOH → [CH3CH2NH3]+OH

b) 3[CH3CH2NH3]+OH + FeCl3 →3 [CH3CH2NH3]

+Cl- +Fe(OH)3↓

Aniline is less basic than aliphatic amines.

7) Zinin's Reaction- aniline formation.

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1) C6H5NH2 + HCl → C6H5NH3+Cl-

2) C6H5NH2 + HOH→ no reaction

3) Test on aniline

C6H5NH2 + 3Br2 → C6H2Br3NH2↓ + 3HBr Colourless

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Carbonic acid Derivatives

2 NH3 + CO2 + H2OC

O

NH2 NH2

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Urea (Carbamide) obtaining reaction

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NH3C

O

NH2 NH2 C

O

NH2 NH2+ C

O

NH

NH2C

O

NH2 +

Biuret

The Biuret test is a chemical test used for detecting the presence of peptide bonds. In the presence of peptides, a copper(II) ion forms a violet-colored complex in an alkaline solution.

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