7th Grade UBD - Unit 2 - Africa. People and Their Environment- East Africa’s environment offers...
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Transcript of 7th Grade UBD - Unit 2 - Africa. People and Their Environment- East Africa’s environment offers...
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People and Their Environment- East Africa’s
environment offers deserts in the North and areas of
vegetation in the South. The region is unevenly
populated.
Government and Economy- The years since
independence have been marred by civil wars.
Agriculture is the region’s major industry.
Society and Culture- The people’s diverse heritages
and ways of farming create many ways of life in East
Africa.
Key Ideas- People and Their Environment
Desert land and the Sahel occupy Northern East
Africa. In Southern East Africa, rainfall is moderate.
Highland areas keep temperatures moderate.
The region has few mineral resources. Most people
are farmers.
The region’s people are remarkably diverse.
Although growing, the region is unevenly populated.
Key Term
Horn of
Africa- The
easternmost
projection of
Africa, so
called because
of its
resemblance
to a rhinoceros
horn.
People and Their Environment
East Africa shares the
desert, savanna, and the
Sahel with West Africa.
Northern Sudan is a
desert. The Nile River
however, provides Sudan
with moisture along its
narrow path.
Southern Sudan has the
hot and wet climate of
equatorial areas.
Elevation and Climate
The Equator crosses
parts of East Africa.
The equatorial
climate is changed
by elevation in the
Highlands of
Ethiopia and Kenya.
Elevation and Climate
The changes in elevation
allow farmers to grow
foods that they typically
would not be able to.
Farmers in the highlands
can grow wheat, apples,
and strawberries.
Such crops normally can
only be grown in lands
further away from the
Equator.
Natural Resources
Unlike other regions of the
continent, East Africa has
few mineral resources.
Some East African nations
have built major
businesses based on the
region’s extraordinary
scenic beauty and the
diversity of the animals.
Population
East Africa is unevenly
populated.
Most Africans live in rural
areas.
In areas where population is
growing rapidly, food
production has not been able
to keep up with the demand.
Famines also continue to affect
the people of East Africa.
Key Term
Famine- A
famine is a
widespread
scarcity of food,
caused by crop
failure, population
unbalance, or
government
policies.
Tsetse Flies
Tsetse Flies are an
enormous health risk in
parts of Africa since they
can transmit a disease that
can affect the central
nervous system.
They breed along rivers
and streams and are active
during the day.
Tsetse Flies
The Tsetse Fly
spreads
sleeping
sickness among
people and
cattle, which
keeps the
population low.
Key Term
Tsetse Fly-
Tsetse Fly is a
type of fly that
lives only in
Africa, and
feeds
exclusively on
blood.
Diseases
Diseases like malaria,
cholera, and polio
contributed to making
multiple generations of
people poor in Africa.
This is because when
people are debilitated by
disease, their children are
left to grow up in poverty.
Ethnic Violence
Conflicts in Somalia,
Ethiopia, and Sudan
have threatened the
stability of the entire
region, due to
increased violence,
weapons, refugees,
and lawlessness.
Key Term
Genocide-
Genocide is
the killing of a
group of
people
because of
their race,
culture, or
political ideas.
Genocide
In 1994, members of the
ethnic majority in the nation
of Rwanda murdered as many
as 800,000 people, mostly of
the Tutsi minority.
The genocide spread
throughout the country with
staggering speed and
brutality, as ordinary citizens
were incited to take up arms
against their neighbors.
Key Ideas- Government and Economy
Independence in many East African nations
has been followed by civil wars, as rival
groups have fought for control.
Throughout the region, farming, animal
herding, and plantation agriculture offer
work for most people.
Kenya and Tanzania have turned tourism
into a highly profitable industry.
Ecotourism
Many countries in East
Africa have created
huge wildlife preserves,
where elephants,
rhinos, lions, and other
large game animals
can roam freely.
These preserves attract
thousands of tourists
from all over the world
each year.
Ecotourism
While these wildlife
reserves make millions
of dollars in revenue
each year, they take up
valuable farming land.
Many goverments are
giving local people a
share of the profits
from tourism to help
them invest in their
futures.
Key Terms
East African
Community
(EAC)- The
organization has
been designed
to assist in
developing
mutual trade,
investment, and
security in the
region.
Questions
1. What problems are caused by the Tsetse Fly?
2. What benefits do game parks bring to East
Africa?
3. East Africa is famous for its wildlife.
Unfortunately, many animals are endangered
because of poaching. What is one possible
solution? Explain your answer.
Answers
1. What problems are caused by the Tsetse Fly?
The Tsetse Fly spreads sleeping sickness among people and
cattle, which keeps the population low.
2. What benefits do game parks bring to East Africa?
Tourists from all over the world to come to see the animals,
generating millions of dollars of revenue.
3. East Africa is famous for its wildlife. Unfortunately,
many animals are endangered because of poaching.
What is one possible solution? Explain your answer.
Student answers will vary.
Key Ideas- Society and Culture
The rich mix of ethnic heritages, different
religious faiths, national origins, and
ancient African traditions remains a major
influence on ways of life.
Farming, animal herding, and plantation
agriculture also influence where and how
people live.
Way of Living in East Africa
East Africa has few large
cities.
Those who have moved away
from villages usually work in
banking, trade, and tourism.
Such businesses, however ,
are not major factors in
giving the region its
character.
Fun Fact- Word Origins
The word coffee
comes from the
name Kaffa, a
province in
Southwest
Ethiopia, that is
believed to be the
birthplace of
coffee.
Questions
1. Where does the word coffee
come from?
2. Those who have moved away
from villages in East Africa try
to find jobs in cities doing what?
Answers
1. Where does the word coffee come from?
The word coffee comes from the name Kaffa, a
province in Southwest Ethiopia.
2. Those who have moved away from
villages in East Africa try to find jobs in
cities doing what?
Those who have moved away from villages in East
Africa usually work in banking, trade, and tourism.
Independent Activity
What has been the
“muddiest” point so
far in this lesson? That
is, what topic remains
the least clear to you?
(4 minutes)