7th Chapter 31 Notes

7/29/2019 7th Chapter 31 Notes

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Chapter 31


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31.1 Intro.

The Reformation refers to a movement that b/g in the early1500s that led to the start of many new Christian churchesthat broke away from the Catholic Church.

Can you think of a belief system that may have influencedthis?

What were some of the problems with the CatholicChurch?

Those who broke away became known as Protestants.


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31.2 Why Did the Catholic Church

Weaken?

Worldliness and Corruption?

Many church leaders broke their vows of celibacy,ignored Christian values, and behaved like royalty.

How were they supposed to be behaving? Church officials b/g selling indulgences so people could

buy forgiveness for their sins.

Church also engaged in the practice of simony, or the

selling of church positions. Why would one want to buy a church position?

Church also charged to see relics and collected taxes.


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The selling of indulgences


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What Were the Political conflicts? The Church had b/c a major political and economic power that was

independent of monarchial control.

How would this cause problems with monarchs?

Monarchs b/g to question the popes authority.

When Pope Clement V moved his HQ to Avignon, he appointedmostly French cardinals.

Whats wrong with that?

Many Europeans b/l that France controlled the papacy.

How would this make the Church look bad?

The Great schism: when 3 popes were elected and Catholics wereleft divided and confused.

King Philip IV Pope Clement V Pope Gregory IX


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31.3 Who Were the Early Reformers?

John Wycliffe: English scholar that attackedindulgences and immoral behavior by Church.

B/l that the Bible was supreme religious authority,not the Church and had Bible translated into English.

What do you think happened to him?

Pope accused him of heresy for going against Churchdoctrine.


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Jan Hus: Bohemian priest that agreed w/Wycliffe.

Wanted Bible and mass to be in commonlanguage and claimed Christ was head ofChurch, not the pope.



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Catherine of Siena: Italian mystic that felt she

had a direct experience of God.

Emphasized personal experience of God over

formal observances of church practices.


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Erasmus: Outspoken humanist and priest thatpublished The Praise of Folly.

Argued for return to simple Christian goodness

and against abuses of clergy. Wanted reform to happen from w/I the Church.

So was he a Protestant?


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31.4 Luther Breaks Away from the

Church?

The Reformation b/g when Martin Luther

broke away and started his own church.

Was a devout Catholic, and a German, who

b/c a monk and then a priest.


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Why Did He Push for Change?

He believed that people were saved through faith, notworks.

What would this bring him into conflict with?

This brought him into conflict with the Church over the

selling of indulgences. Nailed a list of 95 arguments (Ninety-Five Theses)

against indulgences and Church abuses on a churchdoor.

He argues that the Bible was the authority of theChurch, not the pope, and that the only truesacraments were baptism and Eucharist.

Who does this remind you of?


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He was excommunicated and declared a

heretic. H.R.E. forbade printing or selling his

writings.


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How Did He Start His Own Church?

His popularity grew and he b/g organizing hisown denomination, Lutheranism, whichemphasized studying the Bible.

German princes supported Luther and hischurch grew over next 30 years.

Why did they support him?

In 1555 the Peace of Augsburg stated thateach prince w/I the H.R.E. could pick whichreligion he wanted. Christian unity was over.


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31.5 Who Were the Early Leaders of

the Reformation? Reformation succeeded most where rulers embraced

Protestantism.

Zwingli: Catholic priest from Switzerland who was influenced byErasmus and Luther.

Wanted followers to focus solely on the Bible and banned any

worship not based on the Bible. Created his own church in Switzerland.


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Calvin: French humanist that wrote Institutes of theChristian Religion.

Stressed that salvation came only from God, andthose who were saved were chosen by God.

Believed that success in business was a sign of Godsgrace.


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King Henry VIII: Led Englands Protestant

reformation by starting the Church of England.

Didnt have any religious disagreements, his

break was due to political and personal reasons.


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Tyndale: English priest that was influenced byMartin Luther.

Attacked Church corruption and was thenarrested and burned at the stake.

Translated many books of the Bible and pavedthe way for the King James version.

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