7I Energy Resources
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Transcript of 7I Energy Resources
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KS3 Physics
7I Energy Resources
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7I Energy Resources
Contents
The nature of energy
Energy resources
Fossil fuels
Summary activities
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Can you think of
examples of each
type of energy?
There are many different types of energy:
thermallight
sound
elasticgravitational
kinetic
electricalchemical
nuclear
Different types of energy
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Which type of energy?
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Energy can be changed from one form to another.
For example:
Chemical energy in food is
converted to thermal energy
and kinetic energy by our bodies.
Energy transfer
What other energy transfers can you think of?
Gravitational energy in a ball is
converted to kinetic energy
when it falls to the ground.
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burning match portable torch
microphone
radio
television catapult
mobile phone
car
chemical to heat and lightchemical to heat and light
sound to electrical
electrical to sound and heat
electrical to sound and light and heatelastic to kinetic and heat
chemical to sound and microwaves
(EM radiation) and heat
chemical to kinetic and sound and heat
In all these transfers the energy is not lost, it is conserved.
Energy cannot be destroyed or created.
What energy transfer takes place in each device?
What is the energy transfer?
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7I Energy Resources
Contents
The nature of energy
Energy resources
Fossil fuels
Summary activities
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Humans use chemical energy (from food) to live and function.
However, in a modern society we also use large amounts of
energy from other sources.
Can you think of some activities requiring energy?
Where does the energy for these type of activities come from?
travelling and communicating over long distances;
controlling our environment, e.g. air conditioning/heating;
manufacturing and building many kinds of materials and
products, e.g. roads, cars, buildings, prepared food.
Using energy
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17%
41% 32%
8%2%
gas
oil
coalnuclear
renewables
Energy resources can be divided into two types:
renewable(e.g. hydroelectric);
non-renewable (e.g. coal, oil,nuclearand natural gas).
Energy resources in the UK
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There is a finite amount of fossil fuels on the Earth andthey will eventually run out.
Once fossil fuels are used they cannot be regenerated
and used again, so they are called non-renewable.
Non-renewable energy resources
oil coal natural gas
Oil, coal and natural gas are examples offossil fuels.
They were formed from biological deposits over the course
of millions of years.
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Renewable energy resources
will not run out because they
can easily be regenerated.
Only 2% of the UKs energy comes from renewable sources.
Can you think of a reason why?
Renewable energy sources
Examples of renewable energy
resources are:
wind power solar power
tidal power
biomass
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Renewable or non-renewable?
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The Sun
The Sun is the original source
of most energy resources.Plants store the Suns energy
through photosynthesis.
Animals then eat the plants.
Energy and the Sun
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coal
wind
biomass
oil
The Sun is
the original sourceof most energy
resources.
natural gasfood
Energy resources from the Sun
waves
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7I Energy Resources
Contents
The nature of energy
Energy resources
Fossil fuels
Summary activities
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Fossil fuels
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About 300 million years ago, trees
and other plantsphotosynthesized
and stored the Suns energy.
Dead plants fell into swampy water
and the mud prevented them from
rotting away.
How coal was formed
Over the years, the mud piled up and squashed the plant
remains.
After millions of years under this pressure, the mud became
rock and the dead plants becamecoal.
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Coal formation
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Oil and gas are also biological in origin. Millions of years ago
tiny animals lived in the sea. Like today, their ecosystem was
dependent on heat and light from the Sun andphotosynthesis by plants. When they died they fell into mud
and sand at the bottom of the sea but did not rot away.
Over millions of years, they got buried deeper by the mud
and sand. The temperature and pressure (caused by theweight of the sediments and deep burial) changed the
mud and sand into rock and the dead animals into crude
oil and natural gas.
This sample of crude oil was formed in
southern England. Crude oil formed in other
parts of the world can be very different in
appearance and viscosity.
How oil and gas were formed
O f
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Oil and gas formation
C t t
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7I Energy Resources
Contents
The nature of energy
Energy resources
Fossil fuels
Summary activities
Gl
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Glossary
energyThe ability to do work it exists in different formssuch as chemical, electrical, heat and light.
energy transfer
Changing energy from one form toanother.
energy resourceA substance that is a source of energy.
fuel
A substance that releases energy when it burns.
fossil fuelA fuel that is formed from the remains of deadplants and animals, such as coal, oil and natural gas.
non-renewable An energy resource that cannot bereplaced and will eventually run out.
renewableAn energy resource that can be replaced andwill not run out.
A
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Anagrams
M lti l h i i
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Multiple-choice quiz