7.3 Making salts from solutions
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7.3 Making salts from solutions Soluble or insoluble? What do these terms mean? August 24, 2022 Fertilisers Water Treatment
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24 October 2014. 7.3 Making salts from solutions. Soluble or insoluble? What do these terms mean?. Water Treatment. Fertilisers. 24 October 2014. 7.3 Making salts from solutions. Indicators are needed to check producing a soluble salt from an alkali and acid. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of 7.3 Making salts from solutions
7.3 Making salts from solutions
Soluble or insoluble? What do these terms mean?
April 20, 2023
Fertilisers
Water Treatment
7.3 Making salts from solutions
• Indicators are needed to check producing a soluble salt from an alkali and acid.
• Insoluble salts produce a precipitate when reacting two solutions.
• Precipitation is an important way of removing some substances from waste water.
April 20, 2023
Soluble = Able to dissolve in a solvent.
Insoluble = Unable to dissolve in a solvent.
Precipitate = A solid material produced from a solution.
Acid + alkali
A neutralisation reaction is where an acidacid reacts with a alkalialkali to produce a neutral solution of a a saltsalt and waterwater.
1 2 14131211109876543
Increasingly acid Increasingly alkali
sodium hydroxidepH 14
hydrochloric acidpH 1
neutralisation
sodium chloridepH 7
Salt
alkalalkalii
How can the salt be separated from the water?
Neutralisation reactions: hydroxides
Each OH- ion reacts with one H+ ion.
Reaction with hydroxides: H+ + OH- H2O
Eg. Potassium +hydrochloric water + potassium hydroxide acidchloride
KOHOH + H HCl HH22OO + KClEg. Calcium + sulphuric water + calcium hydroxide acid sulphate
Ca(OHOH)22 + HH22SO4 2H2H22OO + CaSO4
Water can be evaporated to leave the salt behind.
Insoluble Salts
• A precipitation reaction leaves behind a solid material. E.g.Lead Nitrate + Sodium Chloride → Lead Chloride + Sodium
NitratePb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2NaCl (aq) → PbCl2 (s) + 2NaNO3 (aq)
Practical
1.Add sodium chloride to lead nitrate and stir.
2.Filter the precipitate.
3.Wash and dry precipitate. Place on a watch glass.
4.Write down what the Lead Chloride looks like.
Filtering
7.3 Making salts from solutions
• Indicators are needed to check producing a soluble salt from an alkali and acid.
• Insoluble salts produce a precipitate when reacting two solutions.
• Precipitation is an important way of removing some substances from waste water.
April 20, 2023
Soluble = Able to dissolve in a solvent.
Insoluble = Unable to dissolve in a solvent.
Precipitate = A solid material produced from a solution.
