7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant....

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7/2 0 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1) What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s? 2) What is the probability that a person is male given they like Burger King? 3. What is the probability that a randomly chosen person is female or likes McDonald’s? 3/5 McDonald’ s Burger King Wendy’s Male 20 15 10 Female 20 10 25 3/ 4

Transcript of 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant....

Page 1: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

7/20

The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant.

1) What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

2) What is the probability that a person is male given they like Burger King?

3. What is the probability that a randomly chosen person is female or likes McDonald’s?

3/5

McDonald’s Burger King Wendy’s

Male 20 15 10

Female 20 10 25

3/4

Page 2: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Probability

Independent vs. Dependent

events

Page 3: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Independent Events• Two events A and B, are

independent if the fact that A occurs does not affect the probability of B occurring.

• Examples- Landing on heads from two different coins, rolling a 4 on a die, then rolling a 3 on a second roll of the die.

• Probability of A and B occurring: P(A and B) = P(A) P(B)

Page 4: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Experiment 1• A coin is tossed and a 6-sided die

is rolled. Find the probability of landing on the head side of the coin and rolling a 3 on the die.

P (head)=1/2P(3)=1/6P (head and 3)=P (head) P(3)

=1/2 1/6 = 1/12

Page 5: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Experiment 2

• A card is chosen at random from a deck of 52 cards. It is then replaced and a second card is chosen. What is the probability of choosing a jack and an eight?P (jack)= 4/52

P (8)= 4/52P (jack and 8)= 4/52 4/52

= 1/169

Page 6: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Experiment 3

• A jar contains three red, five green, two blue and six yellow marbles. A marble is chosen at random from the jar. After replacing it, a second marble is chosen. What is the probability of choosing a green and a yellow marble?

P (green) = 5/16 P (yellow) = 6/16 P (green and yellow) = P (green) P (yellow)

= 15 / 128

Page 7: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Experiment 4

• A school survey found that 9 out of 10 students like pizza. If three students are chosen at random with replacement, what is the probability that all three students like pizza? P (student 1 likes pizza) = 9/10

P (student 2 likes pizza) = 9/10 P (student 3 likes pizza) = 9/10 P (student 1 and student 2 and student 3 like pizza) = 9/10 9/10 9/10 = 729/1000

Page 8: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Dependent Events• Two events A and B, are dependent

if the fact that A occurs affects the probability of B occurring.

• Examples- Picking a blue marble and then picking another blue marble if I don’t replace the first one.

• Probability of A and B occurring: P(A and B) = P(A) P(B|A)

Page 9: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Experiment 1

• A jar contains three red, five green, two blue and six yellow marbles. A marble is chosen at random from the jar. A second marble is chosen without replacing the first one. What is the probability of choosing a green and a yellow marble?

P (green) = 5/16P (yellow given green) = 6/15P (green and then yellow) = P (green) P (yellow)

= 1/8

Page 10: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Experiment 2

• An aquarium contains 6 male goldfish and 4 female goldfish. You randomly select a fish from the tank, do not replace it, and then randomly select a second fish. What is the probability that both fish are male?

P (male) = 6/10P (male given 1st male) = 5/9P (male and then, male) = 1/3

Page 11: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Experiment 3

• A random sample of parts coming off a machine is done by an inspector. He found that 5 out of 100 parts are bad on average. If he were to do a new sample, what is the probability that he picks a bad part and then, picks another bad part if he doesn’t replace the first?P (bad) = 5/100P (bad given 1st bad) = 4/99P (bad and then, bad) = 1/495

Page 12: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Independent vs. Dependent

Determining if 2 events are

independent

Page 13: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Independent Events• Two events are independent if the

following are true:P(A|B) = P(A)  P(B|A) = P(B)  P(A AND B) =

P(A) ⋅ P(B)

• To show 2 events are independent, you must prove one of the above conditions.

Page 14: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Experiment 1• Let event G  = taking a math

class. Let event H  = taking a science class. Then, G AND H  = taking a math class and a science class.

• Suppose P(G) = 0.6, P(H) = 0.5, and

P(G AND H) = 0.3.• Are G and H independent?( ) ( ) ( )?P G H P G P H

0.3 0.6 0.5

Page 15: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Experiment 2• In a particular college class, 60% of the

students are female. 50% of all students in the class have long hair. 45% of the students are female and have long hair. Of the female students, 75% have long hair.

• Let F be the event that the student is female. Let L be the event that the student has long hair.

• One student is picked randomly. Are the events of being female and having long hair independent?( ) ( ) ( )?P F L P F P L

0.45 0.6 0.5

0.45 0.3

Page 16: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

Approach #2

• If they are independent, P(L|F) should equal P(L).

• 0.75 ≠ 0.5

Page 17: 7/20 The following table shows the number of people that like a particular fast food restaurant. 1)What is the probability that a person likes Wendy’s?

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