7. muscular system copy
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Structure and Movement
The Muscular System
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Figure 6.2Slide 6.1
The Muscular System
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The Muscular System• A. A muscle is an
organ that can relax and contract, and provides the force to move your body parts.
• 1. Voluntary muscles – muscles that you are able to control
• 2. Involuntary muscles – muscles that you cannot control
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The Muscular System• B. There are 3 types of
muscle tissue• 1. Skeletal muscle
moves bones• a. Most common type
of muscle• b. Tendons are thick
bands of tissue that attach muscle to bone
• c. Voluntary muscles• d. Contract quickly
and tire more easily• e. Look striped, or
striated
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The Muscular System• 2. Smooth
muscles – found in the internal organs
• a. Example: intestines
• b. Smooth muscles are involuntary muscles
• c.Contract and relax slowly
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The Muscular System
• 1. Cardiac muscle • a. Found only in the
heart• b.Cardiac muscle
is striated, like skeletal muscle
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MUSCLE FACTS• Smallest muscle in the body?
Stapedius: the muscle that activates the stirrup, the small bone that sends vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear. It measures just 0.05 inch (0.13 centimeter) in length.
• Largest muscle in the body?Latissimus dorsi: the large, flat muscle pair that covers the middle and lower back.
• Longest muscle in the body?Sartorius: the straplike muscle that runs diagonally from the waist down across the front of the thigh to the knee.
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• Strongest muscle in the body?Gluteus maximus: the muscle pair of the hip that form most of the flesh of the buttocks.
• Fastest-reacting muscle in the body?Orbicularis oculi: the muscle that encircles the eye and closes the eyelid. It contracts in less than 0.01 second.
• Number of muscles used to make a smile?Seventeen.
• Number of muscles used to make a frown?Forty-three.
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• There are more than 630 muscles in your body. On average, your body weight is 40% muscle. Out of the 630 muscles, 30 of them are facial muscles, which help you create all those different faces of happiness, surprise, joy, sorrow, sadness, fright, etc.
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• The muscles surrounding your eye are the busiest muscles in your body. Research indicates that you probably blink them more than 100,000 times a day.
• And the biggest muscle in your body is the gluteus maximus (your butt).
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The Arms
1. Deltoid abducts arm
2. Biceps brachii flexes forearm supinates forearm from neutral
3. Triceps brachii extends forearm
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The Legs
4. Sartorius flexes hip and knee
5. Rectus femoris extends knee
6. Gluteus maximus extensor of hip
rotates thigh
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7. Biceps femoris
flexes knee
8. Gastrocnemius
flexes ankle
stabilizes ankle and knee when standing
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The Trunk
9. Pectoralis major
adducts humerus
10. Rectus Abdominus
produces trunk motions
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11. Trapezius
elevates and rotates scapula
12. Latissimus dorsi
rotates humerus
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• Head Muscles
• frontalis
• orbicularis oculi
• orbicularis oris
• Etc.