7 Flow Assurance & Injection Wells

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Flow Assurance & Injection WellsFlow Assurance & Injection Wells



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From this morningFrom this morning

’ ’ s talk:s talk:

•• Flow assurance includesFlow assurance includes all aspectsall aspects thatthatare relevant to guarantee the flow of oil andare relevant to guarantee the flow of oil and

gas from reservoir to the sales or custodygas from reservoir to the sales or custodytransfer point.transfer point.

This definition also includesThis definition also includes injectioninjection wellswells&& rere--injectioninjection wellswells



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Flow Assurance & Injection WellsFlow Assurance & Injection WellsFirstly consider a reFirstly consider a re--injection well:injection well:•• The rate at which unwanted product can be placed back in theThe rate at which unwanted product can be placed back in the

reservoir (storage) can be the bottleneck in the production of treservoir (storage) can be the bottleneck in the production of thehedesired fluid.desired fluid.

•• An example of this is Legendre: An example of this is Legendre:

“ “ Sub Sub - - Surface Uncertainty on Oil Fields:Surface Uncertainty on Oil Fields: Learnings Learnings from Earlyfrom EarlyProduction of Legendre Oil Fields Production of Legendre Oil Fields ” ”

by Rby R SeggieSeggie et al (Woodside), APPEA Journal 401et al (Woodside), APPEA Journal 401--433, 2003433, 2003

In this case the bottleneck was the size ofIn this case the bottleneck was the size of

the rethe re--injection compressor: the volumesinjection compressor: the volumesof gas for disposal were larger thanof gas for disposal were larger than

expected (> the compressor capacity)expected (> the compressor capacity)



Flow Assurance & Injection WellsFlow Assurance & Injection Wells An example of this is Legendre: Commend the series to you An example of this is Legendre: Commend the series to you

•• “ “ Legendre: Marginal Offshore Oil Discovery to DevelopmentLegendre: Marginal Offshore Oil Discovery to DevelopmentProject Project by JMby JM WillettsWilletts et al, (Woodside) APPEA Journal, 504et al, (Woodside) APPEA Journal, 504--522, 1999522, 1999

andand

•• “ “ Legendre: Project Managing an Innovative Development Legendre: Project Managing an Innovative Development ” ” by DP Clegg et al (Woodside and Apache) APPEA Journal, 649by DP Clegg et al (Woodside and Apache) APPEA Journal, 649--654, 2001654, 2001

andand

•• “ “ Sub Sub - - Surface Uncertainty on Oil Fields:Surface Uncertainty on Oil Fields: Learnings Learnings from Earlyfrom EarlyProduction of Legendre Oil Fields Production of Legendre Oil Fields ” ” by Rby R SeggieSeggie et al (Woodside), APPEA Journal 401et al (Woodside), APPEA Journal 401--433, 2003433, 2003



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Flow Assurance & Injection WellsFlow Assurance & Injection Wells An example of this is Legendre: An example of this is Legendre:

“ “ Sub Sub - - Surface Uncertainty on Oil Fields:Surface Uncertainty on Oil Fields: Learnings Learnings from Earlyfrom Early

Production of Legendre Oil Fields Production of Legendre Oil Fields ” ”

by Rby R SeggieSeggie et al (Woodside), APPEA Journal 401et al (Woodside), APPEA Journal 401--433, 2003433, 2003

In this case the bottleneck was the size of the reIn this case the bottleneck was the size of the re--injectioninjection

compressor: the volumes of gas for disposal were larger thancompressor: the volumes of gas for disposal were larger than

expected (> the chosen compressor)expected (> the chosen compressor)

LESSON:LESSON:

Effectively, producers not running full boreEffectively, producers not running full bore

≡ ≡ A flow assurance issue A flow assurance issue ≡ ≡



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Flow Assurance & Injection WellsFlow Assurance & Injection Wells Another example: Another example:

Field producing with reField producing with re--injection ofinjection of

volatiles:volatiles:

Composition of reComposition of re--injected streaminjected stream

ComponentMoleFraction

C1 0.69

C2 0.13

C3 0.09

iC4 0.02

nC4 0.03

iC5 0.007

nC5 0.006

C6+ 0.007

N2 0.005

CO2 0.01

Observation:

Re-injection Compressor was working againsthigher and higher Pressure in the Injection wellbore. Injection volumes ↓

Why?

Explanation: Corrosion inhibitor +

slipstream compressor oil + stream

→

Emulsion type deposit→

Skin↑ in near well bore region



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Field producing with reField producing with re--injection of volatiles:injection of volatiles:




→

Emulsion type deposit

→




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→

Emulsion type deposit

→


Solution:

Screen (& in this case) changeCorrosion Inhibitor

&

Compressor Lube Oil



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Sample

Inhibitor

&

Lube Oil

Shear



1010

Flow Assurance & Injection WellsFlow Assurance & Injection WellsAnother example:

Field producing with water injection: Carbonate Scale

precipitation in reservoir pore throats, perforations

Big Problem in Saudi Arabia



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Hydrate Control

Advanced Slugging Models

Asphaltene Control

Corrosion Control

Wax Control

Emulsions/ Foaming

Integrated Production System Model

Modeling of active heating systems Scale Control

-- Modeling & nowModeling & now


From Chevron: WAERA Flow Assurance Workshop December 2005

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