6th Grade Ch 3 Sec 2 Electricity, Magnetism and Motion
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Transcript of 6th Grade Ch 3 Sec 2 Electricity, Magnetism and Motion
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Ch. 3 Ch. 3 Sec. 2 Electricity, Sec. 2 Electricity,
Magnetism & MotionMagnetism & Motion
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Electrical & Mechanical Electrical & Mechanical EnergyEnergy
= ability to move an object = ability to move an object some distancesome distance
=assoc. w/ =assoc. w/ electric currentselectric currents
= due to an = due to an object’s movement or positionobject’s movement or position
Energy
Mechanical energy
Electrical energy
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When current-carrying wire is placed in magnetic field,When current-carrying wire is placed in magnetic field,
electrical energy electrical energy mechanical energy mechanical energy
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GalvanometerGalvanometer Device that measures small currentsDevice that measures small currents Converts electrical energy Converts electrical energy
mechanical energymechanical energy HOW IT WORKS:HOW IT WORKS:
Current passes thru loops of wire in Current passes thru loops of wire in magnetic fieldmagnetic field
Magnetic field from wire interacts Magnetic field from wire interacts with magnet’s fieldwith magnet’s field
Causes loops of wire & pointer Causes loops of wire & pointer attached to loops to rotate ½ turnattached to loops to rotate ½ turn
Current does not reverseCurrent does not reverse
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GalvanometerGalvanometer
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Electric MotorElectric Motor Device that uses electric current to Device that uses electric current to
turn axleturn axle Converts electrical energy Converts electrical energy
mechanical energymechanical energy Loop of current-carrying wire spins Loop of current-carrying wire spins
continuouslycontinuously
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Parts of a MotorParts of a Motor
device that device that reverses flow reverses flow of current of current
Brushes and commutator
CommutatoCommutatorr==
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Parts of a MotorParts of a Motor
contact points contact points that connect that connect commutator to commutator to current sourcecurrent source
Brushes and commutator
BrushesBrushes==
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Parts of a MotorParts of a Motor
wires wrapped wires wrapped around iron around iron corecore
Armature
ArmatureArmature==
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armaturearmature
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Armature
In this figure, the armature winding has been left out so that it is easier to see the commutator in action. The key thing to notice is that as the armature passes through the horizontal position, the polesof the electromagnet flip. Because of the flip, the north pole of theelectromagnet is always above the axle so it can repel the field magnet's north pole and attract the field magnet's south pole.
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MOTORS EVERYWHERE !
Look around your house and you will find that it is filled with electric motors.
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The fan over the stove and in the microwave oven
The blender The can opener
The refrigerator – Two or three in fact: one for the
compressor, one for the fan inside the
refrigerator, as well as one in the icemaker The mixer
Probably even the clock on the oven.
Starting in the kitchen, there are motors in:
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In the garage, there is an In the garage, there is an electric motor inelectric motor in
The The washerwasher The The dryerdryer The The electric screwdriverelectric screwdriver The vacuum cleanerThe vacuum cleaner The electric saw The electric saw The electric drill The electric drill
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The fan The fan The electric The electric
toothbrush toothbrush The hair dryer The hair dryer The electric razor The electric razor
Even in the bathroom, there’s a motor in: