AbkhaziansB. George Hewitt

Abortion PolicySharon A. Kowalsky

Academy of ArtsRosalind P. Blakesley

Academy of SciencesAlexander Vucinich

Administration for Organized RecruitmentMichael Ellman

Administration, MilitaryDavid R. Jones

AdmiraltyWilliam Craft Brumfield

AdygeSeteney Shami

Adzhubei, Alexei IvanovichWilliam Taubman

AeroflotPaul R. Gregory

Afghanistan, Relations withRoger Kangas

Aganbegyan, Abel GezevichMichael Ellman

AgitpropK. Andrea Rusnock

Agrarian Party of RussiaNikolai Petrov

Agrarian ReformsRobert C. Stuart

AgricultureRobert C. Stuart

Aigun, Treaty ofSteven I. Levine

AjarsB. George Hewitt

Akayev, Askar AkayevichPaul J. Kubicek

Akhmatova, Anna AndreyevnaDiana Senechal

Akhromeyev, Sergei FyodorovichJacob W. Kipp

Akhundov, Mirza Fath AliGregory Twyman

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LIST OF ARTICLES

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Akkerman, Convention ofBruce W. Menning

Aksakov, Ivan SergeyevichAbbott Gleason

Aksakov, Konstantin SergeyevichAbbott Gleason

Alash OrdaDavid R. Jones

AlaskaJohanna Granville

Albanians, CaucasianRobert H. Hewsen

AlcoholismKate Transchel

Alcohol MonopolyPatricia Herlihy

Alexander IJean K. Berger

Alexander IIStephen M. Norris

Alexander IIIPeter Waldron

Alexander MikhailovichMartin Dimnik

Alexander YaroslavichMartin Dimnik

Alexandra FedorovnaNicholas Ganson

Alexandrov, Grigory AlexandrovichDenise J. Youngblood

Alexei I, PatriarchNathaniel Davis

Alexei II, PatriarchNikolas K. Gvosdev

Alexei MikhailovichPhilip Longworth

Alexei NikolayevichNicholas Ganson

Alexei PetrovichLindsey Hughes

Alexeyev, Mikhail VasilievichOleg R. Airapetov

Aliyev, HeidarGerard J. Libaridian

Allied InterventionNorman E. Saul

Alliluyeva, Svetlana IosifovnaJohanna Granville

AltaiVictor L. Mote

AltynRoman K. Kovalev

Amalrik, Andrei AlexeyevichPeter Rollberg

American Relief AdministrationWilliam Benton Whisenhunt

AnarchismCarl A. Linden

Andrei AlexandrovichMartin Dimnik

Andrei YaroslavichMartin Dimnik

Andrei YurevichMartin Dimnik

Andreyev, Leonid NikolayevichPeter Rollberg

Andreyeva, Nina AlexandrovnaJonathan Harris

Andropov, Yuri VladimirovichMarc D. Zlotnik

Andrusovo, Peace ofW. M. Reger IV

Anna IvanovnaZhand P. Shakibi

Anthony Khrapovitsky, MetropolitanRobert L. Nichols

Anthony Vadkovsky, MetropolitanRobert L. Nichols

Anti-Ballistic Missile TreatyRaymond L. Garthoff

Anti-Comintern PactHarold J. Goldberg

Anti-Party GroupWilliam Taubman

Antonov UprisingA. Delano DuGarm

Appanage EraElvira M. Wilbur

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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ApparatJames R. Millar

April ThesesRex A. Wade

ArchitectureWilliam Craft Brumfield

ArchivesPatricia Kennedy Grimsted

Armand, InessaElizabeth A. Wood

Armenia and ArmeniansGeorge A. Bournoutian

Armenian Apostolic ChurchPaul Crego

ArmoryLindsey Hughes

Arms ControlWalter C. Clemens Jr.

ArtekJonathan D. Wallace

Article 6 of 1977 ConstitutionGordon B. Smith

Assembly of the LandRichard Hellie

Assortment PlansSusan J. Linz

Astrakhan, Khanate ofRoman K. Kovalev

Atomic EnergyPaul R. Josephson

August 1991 PutschAnn E. Robertson

Austerlitz, Battle ofFrederick W. Kagan

Austria, Relations withHugh LeCaine Agnew

AutocracyZhand P. Shakibi

AvarsPaul Crego

AviationAlbert L. Weeks

Avvakum PetrovichCathy J. Potter

Azerbaijan and AzerisGregory Twyman

Babel, Isaac EmmanuyelovichMilton Ehre

Babi BuntyBrian Kassof

Baikal-Amur Magistral RailwayChristopher J. Ward

Bakatin, Vadim ViktorovichJacob W. Kipp

Bakhtin, Mikhail MikhailovichGary Saul Morson

BakuAudrey Altstadt

Bakunin, Mikhail AlexandrovichAlbert L. Weeks

Balaklava, Battle ofAndrew Lambert

BalalaikaSerge Rogosin

Balkan WarsRichard Frucht

BalkarsPaul Crego

BalletTim Scholl

Baltic FleetJohanna Granville

Banking System, SovietPekka Sutela

Banking System, TsaristMartin C. Spechler

BanyaRoman K. Kovalev

Barannikov, Viktor PavlovichJacob W. Kipp

Barone, EnricoRichard E. Ericson

BarshchinaElvira M. Wilbur

Barsov, Alexander AlexandrovichMichael Ellman

Baryatinsky, Alexander IvanovichRonald Grigor Suny

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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Bashkortostan and BashkirsDaniel E. Schafer

Basil IMikhail M. Krom

Basil IIMikhail M. Krom

Basil IIIMikhail M. Krom

BasmachisDaniel E. Schafer

BatuDonald Ostrowski

Bauer, Yevgeny FrantsevichJoan Neuberger

Bazarov, Vladimir AlexandrovichVincent Barnett

Beard TaxBrian Boeck

BednyakiMartin C. Spechler

Belarus and BelarusiansDavid M. Goldfrank

Belinsky, Vissarion GrigorievichPeter Rollberg

Belovezh AccordsPaul J. Kubicek

Bely, AndreiDiana Senechal

Berdyayev, Nikolai AlexandrovichBernice Glatzer Rosenthal

Beria, Lavrenti PavlovichvAmy Knight

Bering, Vitus JonassenIlya Vinkovetsky

Berlin BlockadeThomas Parrish

Berlin, Congress ofDavid M. Goldfrank

Berlin, Convention ofNikolas Gvosdev

BeschestieNancy Shields Kollmann

BessarabiaJohn Gledhill

Bestuzhev-Ryumin, Alexei PetrovichJohn T. Alexander

Birchbark ChartersSimon Franklin

BirobidzhanRobert Weinberg

Biron, Ernst JohannJohn T. Alexander

Black EarthVictor L. Mote

Black HundredJack Langer

Black MarketJulie Hessler

Black RepartitionA. Delano DuGarm

Black Sea FleetMichael Parrish

BlatMartin C. Spechler

Bloch, JanJacob W. Kipp

Blok, Alexander AlexandrovichDiana Senechal

Bloody SundayWalter Sablinsky

Bobrikov, Nikolai IvanovichTuomo Polvinen

Bolotnikov, Ivan IsayevichChester Dunning

BolshevismRobert C. Williams

Bolshoi TheaterTim Scholl

Bonner, Yelena GeorgievnaLisa A. Kirschenbaum

Book of DegreesGail Lenhoff

Boretskaya, Marfa IvanovnaGail Lenhoff

Borodino, Battle ofFrederick W. Kagan

BorotbistySerhy Yekelchyk

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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BoyarSergei Bogatyrev

Boyar DumaSergei Bogatyrev

Brazauskas, AlgirdasAlfred Erich Senn

Brest-Litovsk PeaceSally A. Boniece

Brezhnev DoctrineKieran Williams

Brezhnev, Leonid IlichRichard D. Anderson Jr.

Brodsky, Joseph AlexandrovichMaria Eitinguina

Bruce, James DavidJohanna Granville

Brusilov, Alexei AlexeyevichBruce W. Menning

Bryusov, Valery YakovlevichMark Konecny

Bucharest, Treaty ofRadu R. Florescu

Budenny, Semeon MikhailovichJonathan D. Smele

BukharaSeymour Becker

Bukharin, Nikolai IvanovichCarol GayleWilliam Moskoff

BukovinaJohn Gledhill

Bulgakov, Mikhail AfanasievichDiana Senechal

Bulgakov, Sergei NikolayevichCatherine Evtuhov

Bulganin, Nikolai AlexandrovichRoger D. Markwick

BulgariansJohanna Granville

Bulgaria, Relations withKyril Drezov

Bund, JewishJohn D. Klier

Bunin, Ivan AlexeyevichMilton Ehre

Bureaucracy, EconomicPaul R. Gregory

BuryatsJohanna Granville

Butashevich-Petrashevsky, Mikhail VasilievichDmitri Glinski

BylinaNorman W. Ingham

Byzantium, Influence ofSimon Franklin

CabaretJohanna Granville

Cabinet of Ministers, ImperialJohn M. Thompson

Cabinet of Ministers, SovietGerald M. Easter

Cadres PolicyChristopher Williams

CalendarAnn E. Robertson

CantonistsJohn D. Klier

CapitalismThomas C. Owen

Carpatho-RusynsPaul Robert Magocsi

Cathedral of Christ the SaviorNicholas Ganson

Cathedral of St. BasilLindsey Hughes

Cathedral of St. Sophia, KievWilliam Craft Brumfield

Cathedral of St. Sophia, NovgorodWilliam Craft Brumfield

Cathedral of the ArchangelLindsey Hughes

Cathedral of the DormitionLindsey Hughes

Catherine ILindsey Hughes

Catherine IIJohn T. Alexander

CatholicismGregory L. Freeze

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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Caucasian WarsRobert F. Baumann

CaucasusPaul Crego

Caves MonasteryDavid K. Prestel

CaviarVictor L. Mote

CensorshipCharles A. Ruud

Central AsiaRoger Kangas

Central Bank of RussiaJuliet Johnson

Central CommitteeJohanna Granville

Central Control CommissionNick Baron

Central Statistical AgencySteven Rosefielde

Chaadayev, Peter YakovlevichRaymond T. McNally

Chagall, MarcMark Konecny

Chancellery SystemPeter B. Brown

Chapayev, Vasily IvanovichDenise J. Youngblood

Chapbook LiteratureE. Anthony Swift

Charskaya, Lydia AlexeyevnaElizabeth Jones Hemenway

Charter of the CitiesGeorge E. Munro

Charter of the NobilityNickolas Lupinin

ChastushkaRoman K. Kovalev

Chayanov, Alexander VasilievichStephan Merl

Chebrikov, Viktor MikhailovichAmy Knight

Chechnya and ChechensJohanna Nichols

Chekhov, Anton PavlovichAndrew R. Durkin

CherkessSeteney Shami

Chernenko, Konstantin UstinovichMarc D. Zlotnik

ChernobylDavid R. Marples

Chernomyrdin, Viktor StepanovichPeter Reddaway

Chernov, Viktor MikhailovichSarah Badcock

ChernuhkaEliot Borenstein

Chernyshev, Alexander IvanovichFrederick W. Kagan

Chernyshevsky, Nikolai GavrilovichVictoria Khiterer

ChervonetsJuliet Johnson

Chesme, Battle ofJohn C. K. Daly

Chicherin, Georgy VasilievichTeddy J. Uldricks

China, Relations withSteven I. Levine

Chirikov, Alexei IlichJohn McCannon

Chkalov, Valery PavlovichJohn McCannon

Chkheidze, Nikolai SemenovichStephen Jones

ChristianizationDonald Ostrowski

Chronicle of Current EventsMarshall S. Shatz

Chronicle of Human Rights in the USSRMarshall S. Shatz

ChroniclesGail Lenhoff

Chubais, Anatoly BorisovichStefan Hedlund

Chuikov, Vasily IvanovichDavid M. Glantz

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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ChukchiGail A. Fondahl

Chukovskaya, Lydia KorneyevnaJacqueline M. Olich

Chukovsky, Kornei IvanovichElizabeth Jones Hemenway

Church CouncilGeorge T. Kosar

Church Council, Hundred ChaptersDebra A. Coulter

ChuvashDaniel E. Schafer

CimmeriansRoman K. Kovalev

CircusRósa Magnúsdóttir

Civic UnionMichael Ellman

Civil War of 1425–1450Richard Hellie

Civil War of 1917–1922Donald J. Raleigh

Class SystemLewis H. Siegelbaum

ClimateVictor L. Mote

Cold WarMark Kramer

Collective FarmRobert C. Stuart

Collective ResponsibilityBrian Boeck

Collectivization of AgricultureRobert C. Stuart

Colonial ExpansionRichard Hellie

ColonialismDaniel Brower

Command Administrative EconomyRichard E. Ericson III

Commanding Heights of the EconomyMartin C. Spechler

CommissarSharon A. Kowalsky

Committee for the Operational Management of theNational Economy

Peter Rutland

Committee of Soldiers’ MothersJacob W. Kipp

Committees of the Village PoorA. Delano DuGarm

Commonwealth of Independent StatesPaul J. Kubicek

CommunismJohn M. Thompson

Communist AcademyDavid Brandenberger

Communist BlocYaroslav Bilinsky

Communist Information BureauGale Stokes

Communist InternationalWilliam J. Chase

Communist Party of the Russian FederationLuke March

Communist Party of the Soviet UnionGraeme Gill

Communist Youth OrganizationsAnne E. Gorsuch

Congress of People’s DeputiesThomas F. Remington

Congress of Russian CommunitiesNikolai Petrov

ConsistoryVera Shevzov

Constituent AssemblyMichael Melancon

Constitutional CourtGordon B. Smith

Constitutional Democratic PartyMelissa K. Stockdale

Constitution of 1918Albert L. Weeks

Constitution of 1936Karen Petrone

Constitution of 1977Peter B. Maggs

Constitution of 1993Gordon B. Smith

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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ConstructivismHugh D. Hudson Jr.

Control FiguresMartin C. Spechler

Conventional Forces in Europe TreatyJohanna Granville

Cooperatives, Law onCarol GayleWilliam Moskoff

Cooperative SocietiesWilliam MoskoffCarol Gayle

Copper RiotsJarmo T. Kotilaine

Corporal PunishmentBoris N. Mironov

Corporation, RussianThomas C. Owen

CosmopolitanismKarl D. Qualls

CossacksBruce W. Menning

Council for Mutual Economic AssistanceDaniel R. Kazmer

Council of Ministers, SovietDerek Watson

CounterreformsDaniel Orlovsky

Country EstatesPriscilla Roosevelt

Court, High ArbitrationPeter B. Maggs

Court, SupremePeter B. Maggs

CrimeaTaras Kuzio

Crimean KhanateAlan Fisher

Crimean TatarsAlan Fisher

Crimean WarDavid M. Goldfrank

Crony CapitalismStefan Hedlund

Cuban Missile CrisisHugh Phillips

Cuba, Relations withCole Blasier

Cult of PersonalityKaren Petrone

Cultural RevolutionSheila FitzpatrickBenjamin Zajicek

Custine, Astolphe Louis LeonorPeter Rollberg

Customs BooksJarmo T. Kotilaine

Cyril and Methodius SocietySerhy Yekelchyk

Cyrillic AlphabetAnn E. Robertson

Cyril of TurovNorman W. Ingham

Czartoryski, Adam JerzyJohanna Granville

Czechoslovakia, Invasion ofKieran Williams

Czechoslovakia, Relations withAnn E. Robertson

DagestanPaul Crego

Daniel, MetropolitanDavid M. Goldfrank

Daniel, Yuli MarkovichJohn McCannon

Danilevsky, Nikolai YakovlevichAlbert L. Weeks

DarginsPaul Crego

Dashkova, Yekaterina RomanovnaMichelle Lamarche Marrese

DashnaktsutiunGerard J. Libaridian

Decembrist Movement and RebellionElena Zemskova

Decree on LandStephen K. Wegren

DedovshchinaJonathan Weiler

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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Defectors, Soviet EraAmy Knight

Democratic PartyNikolai Petrov

Democratic RussiaNikolai Petrov

Democratic UnionNikolai Petrov

DemocratizationDmitri Glinski

DemographyCynthia J. Buckley

DengaRoman K. Kovalev

Denikin, Anton IvanovichAnatol Shmelev

Denmark, Relations withJarmo T. Kotilaine

DeportationsEric Lohr

Derzhavin, Gavryl RomanovichJohanna Granville

De-StalinizationGraeme Gill

DétenteMarie-Pierre Rey

Developed SocialismVladimir E. Shlapentokh

Dezhnev, Semen IvanovichJohn McCannon

Diagilev, Sergei PavlovichTim Scholl

Dialectical MaterialismAlfred B. Evans Jr.

Dictatorship of the ProletariatRay Taras

DioceseCathy J. Potter

DionisyA. Dean McKenzie

Disenfranchized PersonsGolfo Alexopoulos

Dissident MovementYaroslav Bilinsky

Dmitry AlexandrovichMartin Dimnik

Dmitry, FalseChester Dunning

Dmitry MikhailovichMartin Dimnik

Dmitry of UglichBrian Boeck

Doctors’ PlotDavid Brandenberger

DolgansJohanna Granville

DomostroiCarolyn Johnston Pouncy

Donation BooksLudwig Steindorff

Donskoy, Dmitry IvanovichGail Lenhoff

Dostoyevsky, Fyodor MikhailovichPeter Rollberg

Dudayev, DzhokharDmitri Glinski

Dugin, Alexander GelevichJacob W. Kipp

DumaJohn M. Thompson

Dunayevsky, Isaak OsipovichRichard Stites

DunganJohanna Granville

Durova, Nadezhda AndreyevnaMary Zirin

DvoeverieStella Rock

DvorianstvoRichard Hellie

Dyachenko, Tatiana BorisovnaPeter Reddaway

DyakPeter B. Brown

Dzerzhinsky, Felix EdmundovichRobert E. Blobaum

Economic Growth, ExtensiveMartin C. Spechler

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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Economic Growth, ImperialPaul R. Gregory

Economic Growth, IntensiveSteven Rosefielde

Economic Growth, SovietGur Ofer

Economic Reform CommissionMichael Ellman

EconomismMartin C. Spechler

Economy, Post-SovietPaul R. Gregory

Economy, TsaristCarol GayleWilliam Moskoff

EdinonachalieSusan J. Linz

EducationBrian Kassof

Ehrenburg, Ilya GrigorovichJohn Patrick Farrell

Eisenstein, Sergei MikhailovichJoan Neuberger

Electoral CommissionNikolai Petrov

Electricity GridPeter Rutland

ElizabethJohn T. Alexander

Emancipation ActJulia Ulyannikova

Empire, USSR asZhand P. Shakibi

Engels, FriedrichAlfred B. Evans Jr.

Enlightenment, Impact ofOlga Tsapina

EnserfmentRichard Hellie

Enterprise, SovietSusan J. Linz

EnvironmentalismRachel May

EpiscopateZoe Knox

Estonia and EstoniansArt Leete

Ethiopian Civil WarJohanna Granville

Ethnography, Russian and SovietNathaniel Knight

EvenkiGail A. Fondahl

Fabergé, Peter CarlLouise McReynolds

Family Code of 1926Wendy Goldman

Family Code on Marriage, the Family, andGuardianship

Wendy Goldman

Family Edict of 1944Rebecca Balmas Neary

Family Laws of 1936Wendy Goldman

Famine of 1891–1892Richard G. Robbins Jr.

Famine of 1921–1922Mark B. Tauger

Famine of 1932–1933Mark B. Tauger

Famine of 1946Nicholas Ganson

Far Eastern RegionGilbert Rozman

Fatherland-All RussiaNikolai Petrov

Feast BooksLudwig Steindorff

February RevolutionRex A. Wade

Federal AssemblyThomas F. Remington

FederalismRoger Kangas

Federal Property FundJames R. Millar

Federation TreatiesEdward W. Walker

Feldman, Grigory AlexandrovichMartin C. Spechler

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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FeldsherSamuel C. Ramer

Fellow TravelersKarl E. Loewenstein

FeminismLinda Edmondson

Ferghana ValleyMichael Rouland

FeudalismRichard Hellie

Filaret Drozdov, MetropolitanRobert Nichols

Filaret Romanov, PatriarchRussell E. Martin

FinlandPaul J. Kubicek

Finns and KareliansRein Taagepera

FirebirdNorman W. Ingham

Five-Hundred-Day PlanRobert W. Campbell

Five-Year PlansHolland Hunter

Florence, Council ofGeorge P. Majeska

FolklorePatricia Arant

Folk MusicSusannah Lockwood Smith

FondoderzhateliPaul R. Gregory

Fonvizin, Denis IvanovichJohanna Granville

FoodDarra Goldstein

Foreign DebtStefan Hedlund

Foreign TradeMartin C. Spechler

France, Relations withMarie-Pierre Rey

Free Economic SocietyCarol GayleWilliam Moskoff

FreemasonryOlga Tsapina

French Influence in RussiaMartine Mespoulet

French War of 1812Frederick W. Kagan

Frontier FortificationsBrian Davies

Frunze, Mikhail VasilievichMichael Parrish

Full Economic AccountingSusan J. Linz

Fundamental Laws of 1906Oleg Budnitskii

Funded CommoditiesJames R. Millar

FuturismHugh D. Hudson Jr.

Fyodor AlexeyevichLindsey Hughes

Fyodor IIChester Dunning

Fyodor IvanovichJohanna Granville

Fyodorov, Boris GrigorievichPeter Rutland

Fyodorov, IvanHugh M. Olmsted

Gagarin, Yuri AlexeyevichPhyllis Conn

GagauzMikhail Guboglo

Gaidar, Yegor TimurovichPeter Rutland

Gamsakhurdia, ZviadStephen Jones

Gapon, Georgy ApollonovichWalter Sablinsky

Gaspirali, Ismail BeyEdward J. Lazzerini

GatchinaWilliam Craft Brumfield

General SecretaryNorma C. Noonan

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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GeneticistsJames R. Millar

Geneva Summit of 1985Raymond L. Garthoff

Genoa ConferenceTeddy J. Uldricks

GenocideGerard J. Libaridian

GeographyVictor L. Mote

Georgia and GeorgiansPaul Crego

Georgian Orthodox ChurchPaul Crego

German Democratic RepublicMelissa R. Jordine

German SettlersKevin Alan Brook

Germany, Relations withMelissa R. Jordine

GigantomaniaVictoria Khiterer

Ginzburg, Evgenia SemenovnaAlison Rowley

GKOsPekka Sutela

GlasnostCarl A. Linden

GlavkiMartin C. Spechler

GlavlitBrian Kassof

Glinka, Mikhail IvanovichMatthias Stadelmann

Glinskaya, Yelena VasilyevnaIsolde Thyrêt

GnezdovoHeidi M. Sherman

Godunov, Boris FyodorovichChester Dunning

Gogol, Nikolai VasilievichDiana Senechal

Golden Age of Russian LiteratureMichael A. Denner

Golden HordeDonald Ostrowski

Gold StandardJuliet Johnson

Golitsyn, Vasily VasilievichLindsey Hughes

Goncharova, Natalia SergeyevnaJane A. Sharp

Goncharov, Ivan AlexandrovichCatherine O’Neil

Goods FamineRobert C. Stuart

Gorbachev, Mikhail SergeyevichArchie Brown

Gorbachev, Raisa MaximovnaArchie Brown

Gorchakov, Alexander MikhailovichNorman E. Saul

Gordon, Patrick LeopoldJarmo T. Kotilaine

Goremykin, Ivan LonginovichJohn M. Thompson

Gorky, MaximTovah Yedlin

GosbankJuliet Johnson

GosizdatBrian Kassof

GoskomstatMartine Mespoulet

GosplanPaul R. Gregory

GostiSamuel H. Baron

Gostinaya SotnyaJarmo T. Kotilaine

Gosudaryev DvorSergei Bogatyrev

Governing SenateZhand P. Shakibi

Grain Crisis of 1928Carol GayleWilliam Moskoff

Grain TradeBoris N. Mironov

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Grand AllianceDavid M. Glantz

Grand PrinceJanet Martin

Great Britain, Relations withJohanna Granville

Great Northern WarPaul A. Bushkovitch

Great ReformsDaniel Field

Greece, Relations withJohanna Granville

GreeksPatricia Herlihy

Green MovementA. Delano DuGarm

Griboedov, Alexander SergeyevichJohanna Granville

Grigorenko, Peter GrigorievichJonathan Weiler

Grishin, Viktor VasilievichTerry D. Clark

GrivnaRoman K. Kovalev

Gromov, Boris VsevolodovichJacob W. Kipp

Gromyko, Andrei AndreyevichGraeme Gill

Grossman, Vasily SemenovichKarl E. Loewenstein

Guards, Regiments ofFrederick W. Kagan

Guba Administrative SystemBrian Davies

GuberniyaNick Baron

GuildsThomas C. Owen

GulagDavid J. Nordlander

GUMJulie Hessler

Gumilev, Lev NikolayevichJacob W. Kipp

Gumilev, Nikolai StepanovichBrian Kassof

GypsyDarrell Slider

GypsymaniaRichard Stites

HagiographyGail Lenhoff

Hague Peace ConferencesWalter C. Clemens Jr.

Hanseatic LeagueLawrence N. Langer

Hard Budget ConstraintsSusan J. Linz

Hayek, FriedrichRichard E. Ericson

Health Care Services, ImperialSamuel C. Ramer

Health Care Services, SovietMark G. Field

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm FriedrichAlbert L. Weeks

Helsinki AccordsChristopher J. Ward

Herzen, Alexander IvanovichDmitri Glinski

Higher Party SchoolPeter Rutland

Hilarion, MetropolitanDavid K. Prestel

His Majesty’s Own ChanceryZhand P. Shakibi

Historical SongsNorman W. Ingham

HistoriographyOleg Budnitskii

Holy AllianceDavid Wetzel

Holy SynodDebra A. Coulter

Homeless ChildrenJacqueline M. Olich

Hrushevsky, Mikhail SergeyevichSerhy Yekelchyk

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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Human RightsPeter Juviler

Hungarian RevolutionJohanna Granville

Hungary, Relations withJohanna Granville

HunsRoman K. Kovalev

IconsGregory L. Freeze

IdealismBoris Gubman

IgorMartin Dimnik

Ilminsky, Nikolai IvanovichIsabelle Kreindler

Immigration and EmigrationEric Lohr

Imperial Russian Geographical SocietyVictor L. Mote

Imperial Russian Technological SocietyMartine Mespoulet

Index Number RelativityGur Ofer

Indicative PlanningMartin C. Spechler

IndustrializationRobert C. Stuart

Industrialization, RapidGur Ofer

Industrialization, SovietPaul R. Gregory

InorodtsyJohn D. Klier

Input-Output AnalysisSteven Rosefielde

Institute of Red ProfessorsDavid Brandenberger

Instruction, Legislative Commission of Catherine IIMichelle DenBeste

IntelligentsiaVictoria Khiterer

Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces TreatyWalter C. Clemens Jr.

International Space StationJohn M. Logsdon

Inter-Regional Deputies’ GroupPeter Reddaway

Iran, Relations withRobert O. Freedman

Iraq, Relations withRobert O. Freedman

Iron CurtainKarl D. Qualls

IslamAdeeb Khalid

Israel, Relations withRobert O. Freedman

Italy, Relations withJ. Calvitt Clarke III

Ivan IMartin Dimnik

Ivan IIMartin Dimnik

Ivan IIIMikhail M. Krom

Ivan IVSergei Bogatyrev

Ivan VPaul A. Bushkovitch

Ivan VILindsey Hughes

Ivashko, Vladimir AntonovichDavid R. Marples

IzbaRichard Hellie

IzvestiyaMatthew E. Lenoe

Izyaslav IMartin Dimnik

Izyaslav MstislavichMartin Dimnik

Jackson-Vanik AgreementRobert O. Freedman

JadidismEdward J. Lazzerini

Japan, Relations withCharles E. Ziegler

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Jassy, Treaty ofBruce W. Menning

JewsJohn D. Klier

Joakim, PatriarchCathy J. Potter

Job, PatriarchDebra A. Coulter

Joseph of Volotsk, St.David M. Goldfrank

JournalismCharles A. Ruud

JudaizersDavid M. Goldfrank

July Days of 1917Michael C. Hickey

KabardiansSeteney Shami

Kaganovich, Lazar MoyseyevichKate Transchel

KAL 007Timothy Thomas

KaliningradRichard J. Krickus

Kalinin, Mikhail IvanovichKate Transchel

KalmyksJohanna Granville

Kamenev, Lev BorisovichMichael C. Hickey

Kandinsky, Vassily VassilyvichMark Konecny

Kantorovich, Leonid VitaliyevichMartin C. Spechler

Kaplan, FanyaSally A. Boniece

KarachaiBrian Boeck

KarakalpaksPaul J. Kubicek

Karakhan DeclarationTeddy J. Uldricks

Karamzin, Nikolai MikhailovichAndreas Schönle

Kasyanov, Mikhail MikhailovichPeter Rutland

Katkov, Mikhail NikiforovichVictoria Khiterer

Katyn Forest MassacreAlbert L. Weeks

Kaufman, Konstantin PetrovichDaniel Brower

Kazakhstan and KazakhsDavid R. Jones

KazanDonald Ostrowski

Kellogg-Briand PactTeddy J. Uldricks

Kerensky, Alexander FyodorovichRex A. Wade

Khabarov, Yerofei PavlovichJohn McCannon

KhakassJohanna Granville

Khalkin-Gol, Battle ofMary R. Habeck

KhantyArt Leete

Khasbulatov, Ruslan ImranovichAnn E. Robertson

KhazarsRoman K. Kovalev

KhivaDaniel Brower

Khmelnitsky, BohdanFrank E. Sysyn

Khomyakov, Alexei StepanovichAbbott Gleason

KhovanshchinaLindsey Hughes

KhozraschetSusan J. Linz

Khrushchev, Nikita SergeyevichWilliam Taubman

KhutorWilliam MoskoffCarol Gayle

Kievan Caves PatericonDavid K. Prestel

L I S T O F A R T I C L E S

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Kievan RusJanet Martin

Kireyevsky, Ivan VasilievichAbbott Gleason

Kirill-Beloozero MonasteryRobert Romanchuk

Kiriyenko, Sergei VladilenovichHugh Phillips

Kirov, Sergei MironovichPaul M. Hagenloh

Klyuchevsky, Vasily OsipovichBoris N. Mironov

Kokoshin, Andrei AfanasievichJacob W. Kipp

Kolchak, Alexander VasilievichN. G. O. Pereira

Kollontai, Alexandra MikhailovnaBarbara Evans Clements

KomiRein Taagepera

KomuchVictor M. Fic

Kondratiev, Nikolai DmitrievichVincent Barnett

Konev, Ivan StepanovichMichael Parrish

Konstantin NikolayevichLarissa Zakharova

KopeckJarmo T. Kotilaine

KoreansAndrei Lankov

Korean WarKathryn Weathersby

Korea, Relations withAndrei Lankov

KorenizatsyaRobert Maier

Kormchaya KnigaMartin Dimnik

KormlenieStefan Hedlund

Kornai, JanosMartin C. Spechler

Kornilov AffairRex A. Wade

Korolenko, Vladimir GalaktionovichJohanna Granville

Korsh TheaterLouise McReynolds

KoryaksJohanna Granville

Korzhakov, Alexander VasilievichPeter Reddaway

Kosmodemyanskaya, ZoyaRosalinde Sartorti

Kosygin, Alexei NikolayevichGraeme Gill

Kosygin ReformsMartin C. Spechler

Kotoshikhin, Grigory KarpovichBenjamin Uroff

Kovalev, Sergei AdamovichPeter Reddaway

Kovalevskaya, Sofia VasilievnaMary Zirin

Kozlov, Frol RomanovichWilliam Taubman

Kozyrev, Andrei VladimirovichPaul J. Kubicek

Krasnov, Pyotr NikolayevichJonathan D. Smele

Kravchuk, Leonid MakarovichRobert S. Kravchuk

KremlinWilliam Craft Brumfield

KremlinologyAnthony D’Agostino

Kritzman, Lev NatanovichNick Baron

Kronstadt UprisingA. Delano DuGarm

Kropotkin, Pyotr AlexeyevichJohn Slatter

Krupskaya, Nadezhda KonstantinovnaElizabeth A. Wood

Krylov, Ivan AndreyevichLouise McReynolds

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Kryuchkov, Vladimir AlexandrovichAmy Knight

Kuchuk Kainarji, Treaty ofNorman E. Saul

KulaksStephan Merl

Kuleshov, Lev VladimirovichDenise J. Youngblood

Kulikovo Field, Battle ofDonald Ostrowski

KulturnostJulia Obertreis

Kunayev, Dinmukhammed AkhmedovichDavid R. Jones

Kurbsky, Andrei MikhailovichSergei Bogatyrev

KurdsJohanna Granville

Kuril IslandsCharles E. Ziegler

Kuritsyn, Fyodor VasilevichDavid M. Goldfrank

Kuropatkin, Alexei NikolayevichDavid Schimmelpenninck van der Oye

Kursk, Battle ofDavid M. Glantz

Kursk Submarine DisasterJacob W. Kipp

KustarE. Anthony Swift

Kutuzov, Mikhail IlarionovichFrederick W. Kagan

Kuybyshev, Valerian VladimirovichKate Transchel

Kuznetsov, Nikolai GerasimovichMichael Parrish

Kyrgyzstan and KyrgyzRoger Kangas

LaborDavid Pretty

Labor BooksRobert C. Stuart

Labor DayRobert C. Stuart

Labor Theory of ValueAlfred B. Evans Jr.

Lake BaikalRachel May

Land and Freedom PartyChristopher Williams

Land CaptainOleg Budnitskii

Landsbergis, VytautasAlfred Erich Senn

Land Tenure, Imperial EraMichelle Lamarche Marrese

Land Tenure, Soviet and Post-SovietStephen K. Wegren

Language LawsVladislava Reznik

Latvia and LatviansAndrejs Plakans

Law Code of 1649Richard Hellie

Lay of Igor’s CampaignNorman W. Ingham

Lazarev InstituteGeorge A. Bournoutian

League of Armed NeutralityNorman E. Saul

League of NationsTeddy J. Uldricks

League of the Militant GodlessDaniel Peris

Lebed, Alexander IvanovichJacob W. Kipp

LefortovoGeorg Wurzer

Left OppositionKate Transchel

Left Socialist RevolutionariesMichael Melancon

Legal SystemsMichael Newcity

Legislative Commission of 1767–1768Janet Hartley

Leichoudes, Ioannikios and SophroniosNikolaos A. Chrissidis

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Leipzig, Battle ofOleg Budnitskii

Lena Goldfields MassacreMichael Melancon

Lend LeaseMikhail Suprun

Leningrad AffairRichard Bidlack

Leningrad, Siege ofRichard Bidlack

Lenin’s TestamentChristopher Williams

Lenin’s TombKaren Petrone

Lenin, Vladimir IlichChristopher Read

Leontiev, Konstantin NikolayevichAlfred B. Evans Jr.

Lermontov, Mikhail YurievichZhand P. Shakibi

Leskov, Nikolai SemenovichPeter Rollberg

Lesnaya, Battle ofPaul A. Bushkovitch

LezginsPaul Crego

Liberal Democratic PartyNikolai Petrov

LiberalismHugh Phillips

Liberman, Yevsei GrigorevichRobert W. Campbell

Ligachev, Yegor KuzmichJonathan Harris

Likhachev, Dmitry SergeyevichJohn Patrick Farrell

Lithuania and LithuaniansAlfred Erich Senn

Litvinov, Maxim MaximovichHugh Phillips

Living Church MovementEdward E. Roslof

Livonian WarMikhail M. Krom

Lobachevsky, Nikolai IvanovichAlexander Vucinich

Local Government and AdministrationIgor Yeykelis

Lomonosov, Mikhail VasilievichAlexander Vucinich

Loris-Melikov, Mikhail TarielovichOleg Budnitskii

Lotman, Yuri MikhailovichJohanna Granville

Lovers of Wisdom, TheVictoria Frede

LubokGary Thurston

LubyankaGeorg Wurzer

Lukashenko, Alexander GrigorievichDavid R. Marples

Lukyanov, Anatoly IvanovichAnn E. Robertson

Lunacharsky, Anatoly VasilievichSheila Fitzpatrick

Luzhkov, Yuri MikhailovichTerry D. Clark

Lysenko, Trofim DenisovichRósa Magnúsdóttir

Machine Tractor StationsRobert C. Stuart

Mafia CapitalismStefan Hedlund

Main Political DirectorateAnn E. Robertson

Makarov, Stepan OsipovichJacob W. Kipp

Makary, MetropolitanDonald Ostrowski

Makhno, Nestor IvanovichJonathan D. Smele

Malenkov, Georgy MaximilyanovichDavid R. Marples

Malevich, Kazimir SeverinovichHugh D. Hudson Jr.

Malta SummitRaymond L. Garthoff

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Mandelshtam, Nadezhda YakovlevnaJudith E. Kalb

Mandelshtam, Osip EmilievichJudith E. Kalb

Manifesto of 1763John T. Alexander

MansiRein Taagepera

Mari El and the MariSeppo Lallukka

Market SocialismRichard Ericson

Marriage and Family LifeWilliam G. Wagner

Martov, Yuli OsipovichNick Baron

MarxismAlfred B. Evans Jr.

MaslenitsaRoman K. Kovalev

Material BalancesSusan J. Linz

Material Product SystemMisha V. Belkindas

Matryoshka DollsPriscilla Roosevelt

Matveyev, Artamon SergeyevichMartha Luby Lahana

Maxim the Greek, St.Hugh M. Olmsted

Mayakovsky, Vladimir VladimirovichMark Konecny

Mazepa, Hetman Ivan StepanovichLindsey Hughes

Medvedev, Roy AlexandrovichRoger D. Markwick

Medvedev, Sylvester AgafonikovichNikolaos A. Chrissidis

Medvedev, Zhores AlexandrovichRósa Magnúsdóttir

Melnikov, Konstantin StepanovichHugh D. Hudson Jr.

MemorialPeter Reddaway

Mendeleyev, Dmitry IvanovichAlexander Vucinich

MensheviksAlice K. Pate

Menshikov, Alexander DanilovichLindsey Hughes

MercantilismMartin C. Spechler

MerchantsThomas C. Owen

Meskhetian TurksJustin Odum

MestnichestvoNancy Shields Kollmann

MetropolitanDonald Ostrowski

Meyerhold, Vsevolod YemilievichSharon Marie Carnicke

Mighty HandfulMatthias Stadelmann

MigrationCynthia J. Buckley

Mikhailovsky, Nikolai KonstantinovichDmitri Glinski

Mikhalkov, Nikita SergeyevichJoan Neuberger

Mikoyan, Anastas IvanovichRoger D. Markwick

Military ArtBruce W. Menning

Military DoctrineBruce W. Menning

Military-Economic PlanningMark Harrison

Military, Imperial EraBruce W. Menning

Military-Industrial ComplexSteven Rosefielde

Military IntelligenceDavid Schimmelpenninck van der Oye

Military ReformsJohn W. Steinberg

Military, Soviet and Post-SovietRoger R. Reese

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Milyukov, Paul NikolayevichOleg Budnitskii

Milyutin, Dmitry AlexeyevichLarissa Zakharova

Milyutin, Nikolai AlexeyevichDaniel Field

MingreliansB. George Hewitt

Minin, KuzmaMaureen Perrie

Ministries, EconomicPaul R. Gregory

Ministry of Foreign TradeJames R. Millar

Ministry of Internal AffairsMark Galeotti

MirStephan Merl

MIR Space StationJohn M. Logsdon

Mniszech, MarinaChester Dunning

Moiseyev, Mikhail AlexeyevichJacob W. Kipp

Moldova and MoldovansWilliam Crowther

Molotov, Vyacheslav MikhailovichDerek Watson

MonasticismScott M. Kenworthy

Monetary OverhangPekka Sutela

Monetary System, SovietPekka Sutela

Montenegro, Relations withJohn D. Treadway

MordvinsIsabelle Kreindler

Morozova, Feodosya ProkopevnaNada Boskovska

Morozov, Boris IvanovichRichard Hellie

Morozov, Pavel TrofimovichCatriona Kelly

MoscowTerry D. Clark

Moscow Agricultural SocietyRobert E. Johnson

Moscow Art TheaterSharon Marie Carnicke

Moscow BaroqueLindsey Hughes

Moscow, Battle ofAnthony Young

Moscow Olympics of 1980Paul R. Josephson

Moskvitin, Ivan YurievichJohn McCannon

Motion PicturesDenise J. Youngblood

Movement for Democratic ReformsJonathan Harris

Movement in Support of the ArmyNikolai Petrov

MstislavMartin Dimnik

Muraviev, NikitaJohanna Granville

MusavatGregory Twyman

MuscovyDavid M. Goldfrank

Museum, HermitageAnn E. Robertson

MusicMatthias Stadelmann

Myasoedov AffairEric Lohr

Nagorno-KarabakhGerard J. Libaridian

Nagrodskaya, Evdokia ApollonovnaJohanna Granville

NakhichevanGregory Twyman

Nakhimov, Pavel StepanovichJohn C. K. Daly

Napoleon IMarie-Pierre Rey

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Narimanov, NarimanAudrey Altstadt

Narva, Battles ofPaul A. Bushkovitch

Naryshkina, Natalia KirillovnaLindsey Hughes

National Library of RussiaJanice T. Pilch

Nationalism in the ArtsStephen M. Norris

Nationalism in the Soviet UnionVictoria Khiterer

Nationalism in Tsarist EmpireTimothy Snyder

Nationalities Policies, SovietJeremy Smith

Nationalities Policies, TsaristAndreas Kappeler

Nation and NationalityVera Tolz

Navarino, Battle ofJohn C. K. Daly

Nazarbayev, Nursultan AbishevichDavid R. Jones

Nazi-Soviet Pact of 1939Derek Watson

Near AbroadChristopher Williams

Nechayev, Sergei GeradievichPhilip Pomper

Nekrasov, Nikolai AlexeyevichJohanna Granville

Nemchinov, Vasily SergeyevichRobert W. Campbell

Nemtsov, Boris IvanovichHugh Phillips

NenetsGail A. Fondahl

NeoclassicismRosalind P. Gray

Nerchinsk, Treaty ofJarmo T. Kotilaine

Neronov, IvanCathy J. Potter

Nesselrode, Karl RobertDavid M. Goldfrank

Net Material ProductMisha V. Belkindas

New Economic PolicyMartin C. Spechler

New-Formation RegimentsW. M. Reger IV

New Political ThinkingArchie Brown

NewspapersMatthew E. Lenoe

New Statute of CommerceRichard Hellie

Nicaragua, Relations withCole Blasier

Nicholas IStephen M. Norris

Nicholas IIPeter Waldron

Nihilism and NihilistsAlfred B. Evans Jr.

Nijinsky, Vaslav FomichvTim Scholl

Nikitin, AfanasyGail Lenhoff

Nikon, PatriarchCathy J. Potter

Nil Sorsky, St.David M. Goldfrank

NogaiRoman K. Kovalev

NomenklaturaAlbert L. Weeks

Normanist ControversyHeidi M. Sherman

North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationAndrew A. Michta

Northern ConvoysMikhail Suprun

Northern FleetJohanna Granville

Northern PeoplesGail A. Fondahl

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Norway, Relations withJarmo T. Kotilaine

Novgorod, Archbishop ofLawrence N. Langer

Novgorod Judicial CharterLawrence N. Langer

Novgorod the GreatJanet Martin

Novikov, Nikolai IvanovichJohanna Granville

Novocherkassk UprisingSamuel H. Baron

Novosibirsk ReportAlfred B. Evans Jr.

Novosiltsev, Nikolai NikolayevichHugh Phillips

Novozhilov, Viktor ValentinovichRobert W. Campbell

Novy MirCatharine Nepomnyashchy

Nystadt, Treaty ofLindsey Hughes

ObrokElvira M. Wilbur

Obruchev, Nikolai NikolayevichOleg R. Airapetov

ObshchinaSteven A. Grant

OccultismMaria Carlson

October 1993 EventsPeter Reddaway

October General Strike of 1905Gerald D. Surh

October ManifestoOleg Budnitskii

October RevolutionAlexander Rabinowitch

Octobrist PartyZhand P. Shakibi

Odoyevsky, Vladimir FyodorovichJohanna Granville

Official NationalityCynthia Hyla Whittaker

Ogarkov, Nikolai VasilevichJacob W. Kipp

OkolnichySergei Bogatyrev

Okudzhava, Bulat ShalovichGerald Smith

Old Believer CommitteeRoy R. Robson

Old BelieversRoy R. Robson

Old StyleAnn E. Robertson

OlegMartin Dimnik

OlgaDavid K. Prestel

OperaAlbrecht Gaub

Operation BarbarossaA. Delano DuGarm

OprichninaSergei Bogatyrev

Ordin-Nashchokin, Afanasy LavrentievichMartha Luby Lahana

Ordzhonikidze, Grigory KonstantinovichNick Baron

Organized CrimeLouise Shelley

OrgburoChristopher Williams

Orlova, Lyubov PetrovnaDenise J. Youngblood

Orlov, Grigory GrigorievichJohn T. Alexander

OrthodoxyEdward E. Roslof

OsetinsBrian Boeck

Osorina, Yulianya UstinovnaNada Boskovska

Ostromir GospelDavid K. Prestel

Ostrovsky, Alexander NikolayevichGary Thurston

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Otrepev, GrigoryChester Dunning

Our Home Is Russia PartyNikolai Petrov

Pacific FleetJohanna Granville

PaganismDavid K. Prestel

Pakistan, Relations withJohanna Granville

Palekh PaintingK. Andrea Rusnock

Pale of SettlementDiana Fisher

Paleologue, SophiaIsolde Thyrêt

Pallas, Peter-SimonAlexander Vucinich

PamyatZoe Knox

PanslavismAbbott Gleason

Paris, Congress and Treaty of 1856David M. Goldfrank

Paris, First and Second Treaties ofMarie-Pierre Rey

Party Congresses and ConferencesRobert V. Daniels

Party of Russian Unity and AccordNikolai Petrov

Passport SystemGolfo Alexopoulos

Pasternak, Boris LeonidovichLarissa Rudova

PatriarchatePaul A. Bushkovitch

Paul IMarie-Pierre Rey

Pavliuchenko, Lyudmila MikhailovnaKazimiera J. Cottam

Pavlova, Anna MatveyevnaTim Scholl

Pavlov, Ivan PetrovichSharon A. Kowalsky

Pavlov, Valentin SergeyevichJohanna Granville

Peasant EconomyStephen K. Wegren

PeasantryRobert E. Johnson

Peasant UprisingsDmitri Glinski

PechenegsRoman K. Kovalev

Peking, Treaty ofSteven I. Levine

Pelevin, Viktor OlegovichEliot Borenstein

People’s Commissariat of NationalitiesRonald Grigor Suny

People’s Control CommitteeAnn E. Robertson

People’s HousesE. Anthony Swift

People’s Party of Free RussiaNikolai Petrov

People’s Will, TheDeborah Pearl

PerestroikaArchie Brown

Permanent RevolutionCarl A. Linden

Perovskaya, Sofia LvovnaOleg Budnitskii

Persian Gulf WarRobert O. Freedman

Pestel, Pavel IvanovichPaul Crego

Peter ILindsey Hughes

Peter IILindsey Hughes

Peter IIILindsey Hughes

Peter and Paul FortressWilliam Craft Brumfield

PetrashevtsyKathryn Weathersby

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Petrov, Grigory SpiridonovichJennifer Hedda

PetrushkaPatricia Arant

Petty TutelageSusan J. Linz

PhotographyErika Wolf

Pimen, PatriarchNathaniel Davis

Pirogov, Nikolai IvanovichAlexander Vucinich

Pisarev, Dmitry IvanovichJohanna Granville

Planners’ PreferencesRichard Ericson

Platon (Levshin)J. Eugene Clay

Platonov, Sergei FyodorovichOleg Budnitskii

Plehve, Vyacheslav KonstantinovichEdward H. Judge

Plekhanov, Georgy ValentinovichSamuel H. Baron

PlenumJulie deGraffenried

Pobedonostsev, KonstantinMichelle DenBeste

Podgorny, Nikolai ViktorovichRoger D. Markwick

PodyachyPeter B. Brown

PodzolVictor L. Mote

Pogodin, Mikhail PetrovichJohanna Granville

PogromsDavid Pretty

Pokrovsky, Mikhail NikolayevichGeorge Enteen

PolandTheodore R. Weeks

Polar ExplorersJohn McCannon

PolesJohanna Granville

Polish Rebellion of 1863Brian Porter

PolitburoGraeme Gill

Political Party SystemThomas F. Remington

Polotsky, SimeonPaul A. Bushkovitch

PolovtsyRoman K. Kovalev

Poltava, Battle ofJarmo T. Kotilaine

PolyaneRoman K. Kovalev

PomestieRichard Hellie

Ponomarev, Boris KharitonovichRoger D. Markwick

Popov, Alexander StepanovichJohanna Granville

Popov, Gavriil KharitonovichErik S. Herron

Popov, Pavel IlichRobert W. Campbell

Popular Front PolicyHarold J. Goldberg

PopulismChristopher Williams

Port Arthur, Siege ofBruce W. Menning

Portsmouth, Treaty ofNikolas Gvosdev

PosadnikLawrence N. Langer

Possessors and Non-PossessorsDavid M. Goldfrank

Postal SystemAlison Rowley

Potemkin, Grigory AlexandrovichJohn T. Alexander

Potemkin MutinyIgor Yeykelis

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Potsdam ConferenceJoseph L. Nogee

Pozharsky, Dmitry MikhailovichMaureen Perrie

PravdaMatthew E. Lenoe

Preobrazhensky GuardsBruce W. Menning

Preobrazhensky, Yevgeny AlexeyevichDon Filtzer

PresidencyErik S. Herron

Presidential CouncilChristopher Williams

Presidium of Supreme SovietRichard Hellie

Primakov, Yevgeny MaximovichRobert V. Daniels

Primary ChronicleDonald Ostrowski

Primary Party OrganizationChristopher Williams

Prime MinisterGerald M. Easter

Primitive Socialist AccumulationJames R. Millar

PrisonsGeorg Wurzer

Prison SongsJulia Ulyannikova

PrivatizationMarie Lavigne

ProcuracyGordon B. Smith

ProdnalogStephen K. Wegren

ProdrazverstkaStephen K. Wegren

Production Sharing AgreementJames R. Millar

Prokofiev, Sergei SergeyevichMatthias Stadelmann

Prokopovich, FeofanGregory L. Freeze

ProletkultLynn Mally

Propp, Vladimir IakovlevichNatalie O. Kononenko

ProstitutionLaurie Bernstein

Protazanov, Yakov AlexandrovicDenise J. Youngblood

ProtestantismPaul D. Steeves

Protopopov, Alexander DmitrievichNicholas V. Riasanovsky

Provisional GovernmentDaniel Orlovsky

Prussia, Relations withHugh Phillips

Pruth River, Campaign and Treaty ofJean K. Berger

Pskov Judicial CharterLawrence N. Langer

Public Opinion StudiesSteven A. Grant

Pugachev, Emelian IvanovichJohn T. Alexander

Pugo, Boris KarlovichJacob W. Kipp

Purges, The GreatGabor T. Rittersporn

Pushkin, Alexander SergeyevichDiana Senechal

Pushkin HouseVanessa Bittner

Putin, Vladimir VladimirovichDale Herspring

Pytatakov, Georgy LeonidovichKate Transchel

Quadruple Alliance and Quintuple AllianceHugh Phillips

Rabbinical CommissionChaeRan Y. Freeze

RabkrinNick Baron

Rachmaninov, Sergei VasilievichAlbert L. Weeks

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Radek, Karl BernardovichWilliam J. Chase

Radishchev, Alexander NikolayevichW. Gareth Jones

Radzinsky, Edvard StanislavichJacob W. Kipp

Raikin, Arkady IsaakovichRobert Weinberg

RailwaysVictor L. Mote

RaionirovanieJames Heinzen

Rapallo, Treaty ofHarold J. Goldberg

Rasputin, Grigory YefimovichJoseph T. Fuhrmann

Rastrelli, BartolomeoWilliam Craft Brumfield

Ratchet EffectSusan J. Linz

Razin RebellionJames G. Hart

RaznochintsyVictoria Khiterer

Redemption PaymentsA. Delano DuGarm

Red GuardsRex A. Wade

Red SquareWilliam Craft Brumfield

Red TerrorVladimir Brovkin

Referendum of April 1993Nikolai Petrov

Referendum of December 1993Gordon B. Smith

Referendum of March 1991Edward W. Walker

RefuseniksJonathan D. Wallace

RegionalismSusan Smith-Peter

Reitern, Mikhail KhristoforovichJacob W. Kipp

ReligionGregory L. Freeze

Repin, Ilya YefimovichLouise McReynolds

Repressed InflationSteven Rosefielde

Revolution of 1905Abraham Ascher

Reykjavik SummitRaymond L. Garthoff

Right OppositionKate Transchel

Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai AndreyevichMatthias Stadelmann

Rodzianko, Mikhail VladimirovichJohn M. Thompson

Roerich, Nicholas KonstantinovichJohn McCannon

Romania, Relations withRadu R. Florescu

Romanova, AnastasiaIsolde Thyrêt

Romanova, Anastasia NikolayevnaAnn E. Robertson

Romanov DynastyRussell E. Martin

Romanov, Grigory VasilievichAnn E. Robertson

Romanov, Mikhail FyodorovichRussell E. Martin

RomanticismYuri Tulupenko

RostislavMartin Dimnik

Rostovtsev, Mikhail IvanovichA. Delano DuGarm

Rota SystemJanet Martin

Route to GreeksRoman K. Kovalev

RubleJarmo T. Kotilaine

Ruble ControlPekka Sutela

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Rublev, AndreiA. Dean McKenzie

Ruble ZoneJuliet Johnson

Rumyantsev, Peter AlexandrovichLindsey Hughes

RurikMartin Dimnik

Rurikid DynastyJanet Martin

Russia-Belarus UnionOmer Fisher

Russia CompanyMaria Salomon Arel

Russian Association of Proletarian WritersBrian Kassof

Russian Federal Securities CommissionJames R. Millar

Russian FederationJohanna Granville

Russian Geographical SocietyVictor L. Mote

Russian JusticeDaniel H. Kaiser

Russian National Unity PartyWilliam D. Jackson

Russian Orthodox ChurchGregory L. Freeze

RussiansNancy Ries

Russian Soviet Federated Socialist RepublicJohanna Granville

Russian State LibraryJanice T. Pilch

Russia’s Democratic ChoiceNikolai Petrov

RussificationTheodore R. Weeks

Russo-Japanese WarJohn W. Steinberg

Russo-Persian WarsRobert F. Baumann

Russo-Turkish WarsBruce W. Menning

Rutskoi, Alexander VladimirovichJacob W. Kipp

Rybkin, Ivan PetrovichNikolai Petrov

Rykov, Alexei IvanovichDerek Watson

Ryleyev, Kondraty FyodorovichJohanna Granville

Ryutin, MartemyanJames White

Ryzhkov, Nikolai IvanovichAnn E. Robertson

SaintsGregory L. Freeze

Sakha and YakutsErin K. Crouch

Sakharov, Andrei DmitrievichLisa A. Kirschenbaum

Saltykov-Shchedrin, Mikhail YevgrafovichEmil Draitser

SamiRein Taagepera

SamizdatNickolas Lupinin

Samoilova, Kondordiya NikolayevnaBarbara Evans Clements

SamoupravlenieSusan J. Linz

San Stefano, Treaty ofOleg R. Airapetov

SarmatiansBrian Porter

SartsMichael Rouland

SberbankJuliet Johnson

Science and Technology PolicyPaul R. Josephson

Science FictionYvonne Helen Howell

Scientific SocialismMichael Ellman

Scissors CrisisRobert C. Stuart

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ScythiansRoman K. Kovalev

Second EconomyMichael Alexeev

Second SecretaryAlbert L. Weeks

SecretariatNorma C. Noonan

SectarianismJ. Eugene Clay

Security CouncilPeter Rutland

Serapion BrothersElizabeth Jones Hemenway

Serbia, Relations withRichard Frucht

SerednyakiMartin C. Spechler

SerfdomRichard Hellie

Sergei, PatriarchEdward E. Roslof

Sergius, St.David B. Miller

Service StateRichard Hellie

SevastopolJacob W. Kipp

Seven-Year PlanMartin C. Spechler

Seven Years’ WarStephen M. Norris

Shahumian, Stepan GeorgievichRonald Grigor Suny

Shakhrai, Sergei MikhailovichAnn E. Robertson

Shakhty TrialPeter H. Solomon Jr.

ShamilMichael Rouland

Shaposhnikov, Boris MikhailovichBruce W. Menning

Shatalin, Stanislav SergeyevichDmitri Glinski

Shcharansky, Anatoly NikolayevichJohanna Granville

Shchepkin, Mikhail SemeonovichLouise McReynolds

Shcherbatov, Mikhail MikhailovichJohanna Granville

Shevardnadze, Eduard AmvrosievichMelvin Goodman

Shevchenko, Taras GregorevichSerhy Yekelchyk

Shlyapnikov, Alexander GavrilovichBarbara Allen

Shock TherapyStefan Hedlund

ShockworkersLewis H. Siegelbaum

Sholokhov, Mikhail AlexandrovichKarl E. Loewenstein

Short CourseDavid Brandenberger

Shostakovich, Dmitri DmitrievichMatthias Stadelmann

Show TrialsPaul M. Hagenloh

Shuisky, Vasily IvanovichChester S. L. Dunning

Shumeiko, Vladimir FilippovichAnn E. Robertson

SiberiaVictor L. Mote

Sikorsky, Igor IvanovichJohanna Granville

Silver AgeJohn E. Bowlt

SimeonMartin Dimnik

Simonov, Konstantin MikhailovichKarl E. Loewenstein

Simonov MonasteryNickolas Lupinin

SinodikLudwig Steindorff

Sinope, Battle ofJohn C. K. Daly

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Sinyavsky-Daniel TrialJonathan D. Wallace

SkazElizabeth Jones Hemenway

Skobelev, Mikhail DmitriyevichDaniel Brower

Skrypnyk, Mykola OleksyovychSerhy Yekelchyk

SlaveryRichard Hellie

Slavo-Greco-Latin AcademyNikolaos A. Chrissidis

SlavophilesChristopher Williams

Slutsky, Boris AbromovichGerald Smith

Slutsky, Yevgeny YevgenievichVincent Barnett

Smolensk ArchiveChristopher Williams

Smolensk WarBrian Davies

Smolny InstituteAnna Kuxhausen

SmychkaCarol GayleWilliam Moskoff

Sobchak, Anatoly AlexandrovichPeter Rutland

Social Democratic Workers PartyRobert C. Williams

SocialismAbraham Ascher

Socialism in One CountryDerek Watson

Socialist RealismCynthia A. Ruder

Socialist RevolutionariesMichael Melancon

Sokolovsky, Vasily DanilovichMichael Parrish

Solidarity MovementElizabeth Teague

Soloviev, Vladimir SergeyevichGreg Gaut

Solovki MonasteryJennifer B. Spock

Solzhenitsyn, Alexander IsayevichBrian Kassof

SophiaLindsey Hughes

Sorge, RichardMichael Parrish

SorokoustLudwig Steindorff

Soskovets, Oleg NikolayevichPeter Reddaway

SoslovieGregory L. Freeze

Soul TaxMartin C. Spechler

SovietDavid Pretty

Soviet-Finnish WarRichard H. Bidlack

Soviet-German Trade Agreement of 1939Edward E. Ericson III

Soviet ManAlfred B. Evans Jr.

Soviet-Polish WarTimothy Snyder

SovkhozRobert C. Stuart

SovnarkhozyDerek Watson

SovnarkomDerek Watson

Soyuz FactionPeter Rutland

Space ProgramJohn M. Logsdon

Spanish Civil WarMary R. Habeck

Special Purpose ForcesMark Galeotti

Speransky, Mikhail MikhailovichAlbert L. Weeks

Spiridonova, Maria AlexandrovnaSally A. Boniece

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Spiritual EldersRobert L. Nichols

Sports PolicyVictor Rosenberg

SputnikPaul R. Josephson

Stakhanovite MovementLewis H. Siegelbaum

Stalingrad, Battle ofDavid M. Glantz

Stalin, Josef VissarionovichGraeme Gill

Stanislavsky, Konstantin SergeyevichSharon Marie Carnicke

Starovoitova, Galina VasilievnaPaul J. Kubicek

Stasova, Yelena DmitrievnaBarbara Evans Clements

Stasov, Vladimir VasilievichElizabeth K. Valkenier

State CapitalismSteven Rosefielde

State CommitteesDerek Watson

State CouncilZhand P. Shakibi

State Defense CommitteeRoger R. Reese

State Enterprise, Law of theMartin C. Spechler

State OrdersPaul R. Gregory

State PrincipleMikhail M. Krom

State Security, Organs ofStuart Finkel

Statute of Grand Prince VladimirDaniel H. Kaiser

Statute of Grand Prince YaroslavDaniel H. Kaiser

StavkaBruce W. Menning

Stefan Yavorsky, MetropolitanJ. Eugene Clay

Stenka RazinElena Pavlova

Stepashin, Sergei VadimovichJacob W. Kipp

SteppeVictor L. Mote

StiliagiLarissa Rudova

Stock ExchangesJames R. Millar

Stolbovo, Treaty ofNikolas Gvosdev

StolnikDavid M. Goldfrank

Stolypin, Peter ArkadievichFrancis W. Wcislo

St. PetersburgAnn E. RobertsonBlair A. Ruble

Strategic Arms Limitation TreatiesMatthew O’Gara

Strategic Arms Reduction TalksMatthew O’Gara

Strategic Defense InitiativeJohanna Granville

Stravinsky, Igor FyodorovichTim Scholl

StreltsyW. M. Reger IV

StroibankJuliet Johnson

Strumilin, Stanislav GustavovichJulia Obertreis

Struve, Peter BernardovichCarl A. Linden

StukachAlbert L. Weeks

Stürmer, Boris VladimirovichSamuel A. Oppenheim

SubbotnikSteven Rosefielde

Subway SystemsAndrew Jenks

Succession, Law onLindsey Hughes

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Succession of Leadership, SovietNorma C. Noonan

Sudebnik of 1497George G. Weickhardt

Sudebnik of 1550George G. Weickhardt

Sudebnik of 1589Richard Hellie

Sukonnaya SotnyaJarmo T. Kotilaine

Sultan-Galiev, Mirza KhaidargalievichDaniel E. Schafer

Sumarokov, Alexander PetrovichMarcus C. Levitt

Supreme SovietAlbert L. Weeks

Suslov, Mikhail AndreyevichElaine MacKinnon

Suvorin, Alexei SergeyevichCharles A. Ruud

Suvorov, Alexander VasilievichBruce W. Menning

SvansB. George Hewitt

Svechin, Alexander AndreyevichJames J. Schneider

Svyatopolk IMartin Dimnik

Svyatopolk IIMartin Dimnik

Svyatoslav IMartin Dimnik

Svyatoslav IIMartin Dimnik

Sweden, Relations withJarmo T. Kotilaine

Syn BoyarskyBrian Davies

Sytin, Ivan DmitrievichCharles A. Ruud

Table of RanksLindsey Hughes

TagankaMaia Kipp

Tajikistan and TajiksRoger Kangas

Tale of Avraamy PalitsynBrian Boeck

Tannenberg, Battle ofDennis Showalter

Tarkovsky, Andrei ArsenievichNick Baron

TashkentRoger Kangas

TASSMatthew E. Lenoe

Tatarstan and TatarsDaniel E. Schafer

TaxesMartin C. Spechler

Tax, TurnoverMartin C. Spechler

Tchaikovsky, Peter IlyichTim Scholl

TechpromfinplanSusan J. Linz

Teheran ConferenceJoseph L. Nogee

Teleological PlanningRobert C. Stuart

Television and RadioLucie Hribal

Temporary RegulationsAbraham Ascher

TeremLindsey Hughes

Ter-Petrossian, LevonGerard J. Libaridian

Territorial-Administrative UnitsEdward W. Walker

TerrorismAnna Geifman

Thaw, TheSusan Costanzo

TheaterSusan Costanzo

Theophanes the GreekA. Dean McKenzie

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Thick JournalsPeter Rollberg

Thin JournalsLouise McReynolds

Third RomeDavid M. Goldfrank

Thirteen Years’ WarW. M. Reger IV

Three Emperors’ LeagueJean K. Berger

Three-Field SystemDaniel Field

TiflisRonald Grigor Suny

Tikhon, PatriarchEdward E. Roslof

Tilsit, Treaty ofDavid Wetzel

Time of TroublesChester Dunning

Tithe Church, KievWilliam Craft Brumfield

Tkachev, Petr NikitichAlbert L. Weeks

Togan, Ahmed Zeki ValidovDaniel E. Schafer

Tolstaya, Tatiana NikitichnaHarold D. Baker

Tolstoy, Alexei KonstantinovichElizabeth Jones Hemenway

Tolstoy, Leo NikolayevichMichael A. Denner

Tomsky, Mikhail PavlovichAlison Rowley

TorkyRoman K. Kovalev

TotalitarianismAbbott Gleason

TourismShawn Solomon

Trade RoutesVictor L. Mote

Trade Statutes of 1653 and 1667Jarmo T. Kotilaine

Trade UnionsCarol Clark

Transcaucasian FederationsStephen Jones

Trans-Dniester RepublicJohn Gledhill

Transition EconomiesMarie Lavigne

Trans-Siberian RailwayVictor L. Mote

Triandafillov, Viktor KiriakovichJames J. Schneider

Trinity St. Sergius MonasteryDavid B. Miller

Trotsky, Leon DavidovichRobert V. Daniels

Trusts, SovietJames R. Millar

Tsarskoye SeloAnna PetrovaIlya Vinkovetsky

Tsar, TsarinaAnn E. Robertson

Tsiolkovsky, Konstantin EduardovichAlbert L. Weeks

Tsushima, Battle ofNorman E. Saul

Tsvetaeva, Marina IvanovnaDiana Senechal

Tugan-Baranovsky, Mikhail IvanovichVincent Barnett

Tukhachevsky, Mikhail NikolayevichSally W. Stoecker

Tupolev, Andrei NikolayevichSally W. Stoecker

Turgenev, Ivan SergeyevichMichael A. Denner

TurkestanSeymour Becker

Turkey, Relations withRobert O. Freedman

Turkmenistan and TurkmenRoger Kangas

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Tur, YevgeniaJehanne M. Gheith

Tuva and TuviniansJohanna Granville

Twenty-Five ThousandersKate Transchel

Tyutchev, Fyodor IvanovichNicholas V. Riasanovsky

U-2 Spy Plane IncidentWilliam Taubman

UdmurtsRein Taagepera

UezdNick Baron

Ugra River, Battle ofMikhail M. Krom

UkazLindsey Hughes

Ukraine and UkrainiansSerhy Yekelchyk

Uniate ChurchSerhy Yekelchyk

Union of Right ForcesNikolai Petrov

Union of Sovereign StatesAnn E. Robertson

Union of Soviet Socialist RepublicsArchie Brown

Union of Soviet WritersBrian Kassof

Union of Struggle for the Emancipation of LaborReginald E. Zelnik

Union TreatyRoman Solchanyk

United NationsHarold J. Goldberg

United OppositionKate Transchel

United States, Relations withNorman E. Saul

Unity (Medved) PartyPeter Rutland

UniversitiesAlexander Vucinich

Unkiar Skelessi, Treaty ofNikolas Gvosdev

Ushakov, Simon FyodorovichA. Dean McKenzie

Ustinov, Dmitry FedorovichJacob W. Kipp

Uvarov, Sergei SemenovichCynthia Hyla Whittaker

Uzbekistan and UzbeksRoger Kangas

Value SubtractionSusan J. Linz

Varennikov, Valentin IvanovichJacob W. Kipp

Varga, Eugene SamuilovichRobert W. Campbell

Vasilevsky, Alexander MikhailovichJohanna Granville

Vavilov, Nikolai IvanovichYvonne Howell

VecheMichael C. Paul

VekhiGary Thurston

Verbitskaya, Anastasia AlexeyevnaCharlotte Rosenthal

Vienna, Congress ofDavid M. Goldfrank

Vietnam, Relations withStephen J. Morris

VikingsHeidi M. Sherman

VilniusAlfred Erich Senn

Virgin Lands ProgramD. Gale Johnson

Virtual EconomySusan J. Linz

Vladimir MonomakhMartin Dimnik

Vladimir, St.Francis Butler

Vlasov MovementCatherine Andreyev

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VodkaKate Transchel

Volkogonov, Dmitry AntonovichBruce W. Menning

Volsky, Arkady IvanovichEric Lohr

Vorontsov, Mikhail SemenovichAnthony Rhinelander

Vorontsov-Dashkov, Illarion IvanovichRonald Grigor Suny

Voroshilov, Kliment EfremovichBruce W. Menning

VotchinaMikhail M. Krom

VoyevodaBrian Davies

Voznesensky, Nikolai AlexeyevichMark Harrison

Vsevolod IMartin Dimnik

Vsevolod IIIMartin Dimnik

Vyborg ManifestoOleg Budnitskii

Vyshinsky, Andrei YanuarievichPeter H. Solomon Jr.

Vyshnegradsky, Ivan AlexeyevichBoris N. Mironov

Vysotsky, Vladimir SemyonovichGerald Smith

Wages, SovietLewis H. Siegelbaum

War CommunismMark Harrison

War EconomyMark Harrison

War of the Third CoalitionNorman E. Saul

Warsaw Treaty OrganizationAndrew A. Michta

WesternizersBoris N. Mironov

What Is to Be Done?David K. McQuilkin

White ArmyMary R. Habeck

White Sea CanalCynthia A. Ruder

Winius, Andries DionyszoonJarmo T. Kotilaine

Winter PalaceWilliam Craft Brumfield

WitchcraftRoman K. Kovalev

Witte, Sergei YulievichBoris N. Mironov

Women of Russia BlocNikolai Petrov

WorkersReginald E. Zelnik

Workers’ ControlJohn M. Thompson

Workers’ OppositionBarbara Allen

World RevolutionWilliam J. Chase

World War IDavid R. Jones

World War IIMark Harrison

Wrangel, Peter NikolayevichJonathan D. Smele

YablokoPeter Rutland

Yagoda, Genrikh GrigorevichMichael Parrish

Yakovlev, Alexander NikolayevichJonathan Harris

Yalta ConferenceJoseph L. Nogee

Yanayev, Gennady IvanovichAnn E. Robertson

YarlykDonald Ostrowski

Yaropolk IMartin Dimnik

Yaroslav VladimirovichMartin Dimnik

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Yaroslav VsevolodovichMartin Dimnik

Yaroslav YaroslavichMartin Dimnik

Yavlinsky, Grigory AlexeyevichPeter Rutland

Yazov, Dmitry TimofeyevichJacob W. Kipp

Yeltsin, Boris NikolayevichAnn E. Robertson

Yermak TimofeyevichMaureen Perrie

Yesenin, Sergei AlexandrovichBrian Kassof

Yevtushenko, Yevgeny AlexandrovichGerald Smith

Yezhov, Nikolai IvanovichMarc Jansen

Yudenich, Nikolai NikolayevichJonathan D. Smele

Yugoslavia, Relations withRichard Frucht

Yuri DanilovichMartin Dimnik

Yuri VladimirovichMartin Dimnik

Yuri VsevolodovichMartin Dimnik

ZadonshchinaNorman W. Ingham

ZagotovkaRobert C. Stuart

Zaslavskaya, Tatiana IvanovnaChristopher Williams

Zasulich, Vera IvanovnaMichael Ellman

Zealots of PietyCathy J. Potter

ZemstvoOleg Budnitskii

Zero-OptionMatthew O’Gara

Zhdanov, Andrei AlexandrovichWerner G. Hahn

Zhelyabov, Andrei IvanovichOleg Budnitskii

ZhenotdelElizabeth A. Wood

ZhensovetyMary Buckley

Zhirinovsky, Vladimir VolfovichJacob W. Kipp

Zhordania, Noe NikolayevichRonald Grigor Suny

Zhukov, Georgy KonstantinovichDavid Glantz

Zhukovsky, Nikolai YegorovichAlbert L. Weeks

Zinoviev, Grigory YevseyevichNick Baron

Zinoviev LetterNick Baron

Zubatov, Sergei VasilievichJonathan W. Daly

Zyuganov, Gennady AndreyevichLuke March

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