PICK AND PLACE ROBOT

ABSTRACT:

The main goal of this project is to present a programming robot-arm system for carrying

out flexible pick and place behavior using visual perception. Object manipulation from

visual data involves determining the pose of the object with respect to the manipulator. In

this module we will be having the stepper motors, which are used for the movement.

These robots can be used in the industries. The micro controller with the help of the

motor driver circuit will drive the respective circuit and perform the operation

Technology:

8051 controller

Embedded c programming

Stepper motor

Relay interface

COMPONENTS:

• Power Supply: 5V/12V DC

• Micro controller: Atmel AT89C52

• Stepper motors

• Opto-couplers

• Relay

SOFTWARE USED:

• Embedded C

• Circuit designing software

• Keil Uvision2 software

WORKING PRINCIPLE:

In this project in the programming part we will be mainly programming for the stepper

motors to pick and place. Important part is stepper motor where we will set the direction

of the movement, how much it has to move, till where it has to move, these entire thing

will be done in the programming which has been burned to the micro controller IC.

As soon as the power supply is given to the robot it will start picking the material which

is placed near by and it will move for around 90 degrees and it will place the material.

This project can be used to transport the materials from one place to another place in

industries.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

AT89C51Micro-

controllerRS232

Power supply

Stepper motors

COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION:

Power supply:

The micro controller and other devices get power supply from AC to Dc adapter through

7805, 5 volts regulator. The adapter output voltage will be 12V DC non-regulated. The

7805/7812 voltage regulators are used to convert 12 V to 5V/12V DC.

The adapter output voltage will be 12V DC non-regulated. The 7805/7812 voltage

regulators are used to convert 12 V to 5V/12V DC.

Micro controller-AT89C52:

The AT89C52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit micro controller with 8K

bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using

Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the

industry- standard 80C51 instruction set and pin out.

Features:

8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory

Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase Cycles

4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range

256 x 8-bit Internal RAM

32 Programmable I/O Lines

Full Duplex UART Serial Channel

Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz

DC OutputAC Power

AC/DC Adapter

Regulator (7805)

Filter

STEPPER MOTOR:

A stepper motor is a permanent magnet or variable reluctance dc motor that has the

following performance characteristics:

1. Rotation in both directions,

2. Precision angular incremental changes,

3. Repetition of accurate motion or velocity profiles,

4. A holding torque at zero speed, and

5. Capability for digital control.

A stepper motor can move in accurate angular increments knows as steps in response to

the application of digital pulses to an electric drive circuit from a digital controller. The

number and rate of the pulses control the position and speed of the motor shaft.

Generally, stepper motors are manufactured with steps per revolution of 12, 24, 72, 144,

180, and 200, resulting in shaft increments of 30, 15, 5, 2.5, 2, and 1.8 degrees per step.

Stepper motors are either bipolar, requiring two power sources or a switchable polarity

power source, or unipolar, requiring only one power source. They are powered by dc

current sources and require digital circuitry to produce the coil energizing sequences for

rotation of the motor. Feedback is not always required for control, but the use of an

encoder or other position sensor can ensure accuracy when it is essential. The advantage

of operating without feedback is that a closed loop control system is not required.

Generally, stepper motors produce less than 1 horsepower (746W) and are therefore

frequently used in low-power position control applications.

APPLICATIONS OF THIS PROJECT:

• Industries

• Automation

• Household

FUTURE ENHANCEMENT:

In future we can add control the speed of the device according to the command sent by

the control unit a.

It can be used to transport the materials from one place to another place in industries

through voice indication.