6422A-En Implementing Managing Windows Server 08 HyperV-TrainerManual

O F F I C I A L M I C R O S O F T L E A R N I N G P R O D U C T

6422A Implementing and Managing Windows Server® 2008 Hyper-V™

Be sure to access the extended learning content on your Course CD enclosed on the back cover of the book.

ii Implementing and Managing Windows Server® 2008 Hyper-V™

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Product Number: 6422A

Part Number: X15-01051

Released: 11/2008

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Implementing and Managing Windows Server® 2008 Hyper-V™ xi

Acknowledgement Microsoft Learning would like to acknowledge and thank the following for their contribution towards developing this title. Their effort at various stages in the development has ensured that you have a good classroom experience.

Kevin Carbray – Lead Developer Kevin Carbray joined Aeshen in 2004 working as a lead developer for Microsoft TechNet Content, Webcasts, White Papers, and Microsoft Learning Courses. He has worked as a Network Administrator since 2000 and has earned an MCSA and MCSE in Windows Server 2000 and Windows Server 2003.

Valerie Lee – Content Developer Valerie Lee joined Aeshen in 2006, and has gained extensive knowledge of Microsoft technologies by working on Microsoft TechNet Content, Webcasts, White Papers, and Microsoft Learning Courses. Prior to joining Aeshen, she worked as a consultant in positions providing desktop and network troubleshooting and training support.

Patrick Dow – Content Developer Patrick Dow is a Product Analyst at Aeshen and joined in 2008. Prior to joining Aeshen, he worked as a database administrator for 8 years at a local manufacturing company. With over 16 years experience, he has also worked as a computer programmer, network administrator, and a technical support representative.

Steve Morris – Content Developer Steve Morris has worked as an IT Professional developer on TechNet and MSL projects for Aeshen since 2005. He has a Bachelors of Computer Science from Western Oregon University where he also held the position of Senior Web Application Developer. After college, he gained 2 years experience as a Data Migration Technician on two different projects in which he was responsible for successfully upgrading both software and hardware resources.

xii Implementing and Managing Windows Server® 2008 Hyper-V™

Philip Morgan - Subject Matter Expert Philip Morgan is a Senior Product Analyst at Aeshen and joined the company in 2007. He has been an MCT since 1996 and has worked as a trainer, consultant, and network administrator helping people learn, implement, and use Microsoft products.

Ronald Beekelaar – Technical Reviewer Ronald Beekelaar is an independent consultant, MCT and MVP in Virtual Machine technology. For 15 years, he has had his own consultancy firm. Ronald specializes in Windows Server security, network infrastructure design, and virtual machine technology, including Hyper-V. He is a frequent presenter at international industry events, such as Microsoft TechEd.

Implementing and Managing Windows Server® 2008 Hyper-V™ xiii

Module 1: Introduction to Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V

Lesson 1: Introducing Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V 1-3

Lesson 2: Hyper-V Requirements 1-11

Lesson 3: Installing the Hyper-V Server Role 1-18

Lesson 4: Configure Hyper-V to Be Highly Available 1-25

Lab: Install Hyper-V and Perform Initial Configuration 1-29

Module 2: Configure Hyper-V Settings and Virtual Networks

Lesson 1: Configuring Hyper-V Options 2-3

Lesson 2: Configuring the Virtual Network 2-11

Lab: Configuring Hyper-V and Virtual Networks 2-17


Lesson 1: Configuring Hyper-V Remote Administration 3-3

Lesson 2: Connecting to Hyper-V Remotely 3-6

Lab: Accessing and Managing Hyper-V Remotely 3-10

Module 4: Creating Virtual Hard Drives and Virtual Machines

Lesson 1: Creating Virtual Hard Drives 4-3

Lesson 2: Creating Virtual Machines 4-12

Lab: Creating Virtual Hard Drives and Virtual Machines 4-23

Module 5: Virtual Machine Settings, Snapshots, and High Availability

Lesson 1: Managing Virtual Machine Settings 5-3

Lesson 2: Using Virtual Machine Snapshots 5-7

Lesson 3: Configuring Hyper-V for High Availability 5-12

Lesson 4: Monitoring Hyper-V Performance 5-21

Lab: Managing Virtual Machines 5-25

xiv Implementing and Managing Windows Server® 2008 Hyper-V™

Module 6: Migration of Virtual Machines to Hyper-V

Lesson 1: Migrating Legacy Virtual Machines 6-3

Lesson 2: Understanding the Impact of Migrated VMs 6-8

Lab: Migrating Legacy Virtual Machines to Hyper-V 6-11

Module 7: Introduction to System Center Virtual Machine Manager

Lesson 1: Introducing System Center Virtual Machine Manager 7-3

Lesson 2: Managing Virtual Machines with VMM 7-12

Lab: Using VMM to Manage Hyper-V 7-25

Module 8: Managing the VMM Virtual Machine Image Library and Checkpoints

Lesson 1: Using the VMM Library 8-3

Lesson 2: Managing the Image Library in VMM 8-14

Lab A: Using the VMM Library 8-23

Lesson 3: Managing Checkpoints 8-33

Lab B: Managing Checkpoints 8-39

Module 9: Windows PowerShell and Disaster Recovery

Lesson 1: Using PowerShell to Manage Hyper-V 9-3

Lab A: Using PowerShell with VMM 9-21

Lesson 2: Virtual Machine Backup and Recovery 9-31

Lab B: Creating Backups 9-37

Lab Answer Keys

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About This Course xv

About This Course This section provides you with a brief description of the course, audience, suggested prerequisites, and course objectives.

Course Description This three-day instructor-led course teaches you how to implement and manage Microsoft® Windows Server® 2008 Hyper-V™. It also teaches you how to manage Hyper-V with Solution Center Virtual Machine Manager (SCVMM) and with PowerShell.

Audience The primary audience for this course is Windows Server 2003/2008 System Administrators who manage and implement Server Virtualization technologies within their network.

The secondary audience for this course is Enterprise System Architects who plan enterprise server resources with an emphasis on server consolidation.

Student Prerequisites In addition to your professional experience, you should have technical knowledge in the following areas:

• Windows Server 2000/2003 System Administration

• Server Virtualization using Virtual Server 2005 or Virtual PC

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About This Course xvi

Course Objectives After completing this course, you will be able to:

• Install and configure Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V

• Understand Hyper-V Virtual Networking

• Understand the types of Virtual Hard Drives and their benefits

• Create and manage Virtual Machines on the Hyper-V server

• Understand how to configure the Hyper-V server to ensure high availability

• Monitor the performance of the Hyper-V server

• Understand how to use existing virtual machines in the Hyper-V server

• Understand the issues with migrating existing Virtual Machines to Hyper-V

• Understand how System Center Virtual Machine Manager (SCVMM) can be used to manage Hyper-V servers throughout the enterprise

• Use PowerShell to manage the Hyper-V server and the virtual machines hosted on the Hyper-V server

• Implement a disaster recovery plan for Virtual Machines on Hyper-V

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Course Outline This section provides an outline of the course:

Module 1, “Introduction to Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V” introduces the concepts related to and the history of server virtualization. Through this module, the you will understand the business need for virtualization and how virtualization fits into their existing environment. Selecting the required hardware and basic installation and configuration are also covered.

Module 2, “Configure Hyper-V Settings and Virtual Networks” provides information on the configuration options available on the Hyper-V server and the Hyper-V Virtual Networks.

Module 3, “Hyper-V Remote Administration” explores the requirements for remote management of the Hyper-V Server and the tools available for remote management.

Module 4, “Creation of Virtual Machines and Virtual Hard Drives” explores the creation of the Hyper-V Virtual Machines and their associated Virtual Hard Drives. The options available for the Virtual Machines and the types of Virtual Hard Drives will be covered. This module also covers the importance of Hyper-V Integration Services and Hypervisor.

Module 5, “Virtual Machine Settings, Snapshots, and High Availability” explores the settings available on each Virtual Machines hosted on the Hyper-V server and how to use and manage Virtual Machine snapshots. The module will also cover configuring Hyper-V for high availability and performance monitoring on the Hyper-V server.

Module 6, “Migration of Virtual Machines to Hyper-V” provides instruction on how to migrate virtual machines hosted on earlier virtualization technologies to the Hyper-V server.

Module 7, “Introduction to System Center Virtual Machine Manager” introduces System Center Virtual Machine Manager and shows how it can be used to manage Hyper-V servers throughout an enterprise.

Module 8, “Managing the SCVMM Virtual Machine Image Library and Checkpoints” explores the Virtual Machine image library and checkpoints available in System Center Virtual Machine Manager.

Module 9, “PowerShell and Disaster Recovery” explores how to use PowerShell to manage the Hyper-V server. This module also explores how to backup virtual machines in Hyper-V.

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About This Course xviii

Course Materials The following materials are included with your kit:

Course Handbook. A succinct classroom learning guide that provides all the critical technical information in a crisp, tightly-focused format, which is just right for an effective in-class learning experience.

• Lessons: Guide you through the learning objectives and provide the key points that are critical to the success of the in-class learning experience.

• Labs: Provide a real-world, hands-on platform for you to apply the knowledge and skills learned in the module.

• Lab Answer Keys: Provide step-by-step lab solution guidance at your finger tips when it’s needed.

Course CD. Provides additional resources pertaining to this course.

Resources: Include well-categorized additional resources that give you immediate access to the most up-to-date premium content on TechNet, MSDN®, and Microsoft Press®.

• Lab Answer Keys: Include answer keys in digital form to use during lab time.

• Virtual Machine Build Guide: Provides the step-by-step information needed recreate the Virtual Machine/Server images with appropriate configuration.

• Send Us Your Feedback Instructions: Provide you with an opportunity to send feedback on the all aspects of the course.

• Student Course Files: Include the Allfiles.exe, a self-extracting executable file that contains all the files required for the labs and demonstrations.

Note: To open the Web page, insert the Course CD into the CD-ROM drive, and then in the root directory of the CD, double-click StartCD.exe.

Course evaluation. At the end of the course, you will have the opportunity to complete an online evaluation to provide feedback on the course, training facility, and instructor.

To provide additional comments or feedback on the course, send e-mail to [email protected]. To inquire about the Microsoft Certification Program, send e-mail to [email protected].

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About This Course xix

Virtual Machine Environment This section provides the information for setting up the classroom environment to support the business scenario of the course.

Virtual Machine Configuration In this course, you will use Microsoft Server 2008 Hyper-V to perform the labs.

Software Configuration The following software is installed on each VM:

• Windows Server 2008 Enterprise

• System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 Beta

Course Files There are files associated with the labs in this course. The lab files are located in the folder E:\ModXX\Labfiles on the student computers.

Classroom Setup Each classroom computer will have the same virtual machine configured in the same way.

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About This Course xx

Course Hardware Level To ensure a satisfactory student experience, Microsoft Learning requires a minimum equipment configuration for trainer and student computers in all Microsoft Certified Partner for Learning Solutions (CPLS) classrooms in which Official Microsoft Learning Product courseware are taught.

• Intel Virtualization Technology (Intel VT) or AMD Virtualization (AMD-V) processor

• Dual 120 GB hard disks 7200 RM SATA or better*

• 4 GB RAM expandable to 8GB or higher

• DVD drive

• Network adapter

• Super VGA (SVGA) 17-inch monitor

• Microsoft Mouse or compatible pointing device

• Sound card with amplified speakers

*Striped

In addition, the instructor computer must be connected to a projection display device that supports SVGA 800 x 600 pixels, 256 colors.

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Introduction to Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V 1-1

Module 1 Introduction to Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V

Contents: Lesson 1: Introducing Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V 1-3

Lesson 2: Hyper-V Requirements 1-11

Lesson 3: Installing the Hyper-V Server Role 1-18

Lesson 4: Configure Hyper-V to Be Highly Available 1-25

Lab: Install Hyper-V and Perform Initial Configuration 1-29

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1-2 Implementing and Managing Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V

Module Overview

Microsoft® Windows Server 2008® Hyper-V™ is a hypervisor-based virtualization platform that runs on Windows Server 2008 x64 Edition. Hyper-V allows you to create and manage virtual workloads running in virtual machines. Hyper-V provides a robust, scalable platform that enables customers to virtualize workloads that previously required physical hardware to achieve desired performance.

Hyper-V is a role of Windows Server 2008, and is installed using Server Manager.

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Lesson 1 Introducing Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V

This lesson focuses on the history of Microsoft virtualization technology and strategy. It also introduces Hyper-V and the benefits of using Hyper-V.

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History of Server Virtualization

Key Points Microsoft has been providing powerful virtualization tools for years.

Benefits include:

• Server consolidation

• Increased agility

Question: In what scenarios is operating system virtualization preferable to multi-boot configurations?

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Microsoft’s Virtualization Strategy

Key Points Microsoft offers a toolset of virtualization products that addresses all the layers your customers manage. Our portfolio extends from the data center to the desktop:

• Server virtualization-run multiple guest operating system on a single server. With Windows Server 2008 this feature will be part of the operating system. There is also a stand alone product, Microsoft Hyper-V Server available.

• Application virtualization-run any application without installing it to the operating system.

• Presentation virtualization-execute an application on one computer and present it in another.

• Desktop virtualization-run multiple operating systems on a single desktop computer.

Question: For each type of virtualization, describe at least one scenario where that virtualization solution can be applied.

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Discussion: Virtualization Experience

Key Points With the Microsoft virtualization strategy and the potential to leverage x64-based hardware, there is great promise to reduce total cost of ownership (TCO) while expanding the benefits and services to organizations.

Question: Describe scenarios in your organization where virtualization technologies would provide benefits.

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Introducing Hyper-V

Key Points Windows Server 2008 includes Hyper-V, a powerful virtualization technology that enables businesses to take advantage of the benefits of virtualization without having to buy third-party software. This helps to:

• Reduce IT costs

• Increase hardware utilization

• Optimize business and network infrastructure

• Improve server availability

Question: Do you anticipate running any other operating systems with Hyper-V, in your environment?

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Hyper-V Benefits

Key Points Hyper-V is ideal for server consolidation in both the data center and the remote site, enabling organizations to make more efficient use of their hardware resources.

• Hyper-V provides the ability to test large scale enterprise applications with its support for up to four virtual processors, and up to 64 GB of RAM per VM.

• Hyper-V includes powerful business continuity features, such as live backup, quick migration, and automatic virtual machine failover.

• With features like flexible resource control and quick migration, it is possible to create a dynamic IT environment that leverages virtualization to not only respond to problems, but to anticipate increased demands..

Question: Describe one or more challenges your organization is currently planning to address using server virtualization.

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Microsoft Hyper-V Server

Key Points Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008 provides a simplified, reliable, and optimized virtualization solution, enabling improved server utilization and reduced costs. Since Hyper-V Server is a dedicated stand-alone product, which contains only the Windows Hypervisor, Windows Server driver model and virtualization components, it provides a small footprint and minimal overhead. It easily plugs into customers’ existing IT environments, leveraging their existing patching, provisioning, management, support tools, processes, and skills.

IT Pros can easily to leverage their existing knowledge and skills with Microsoft virtualization products, as well as the collective knowledge of the community, minimizing any learning curve. In addition, with Microsoft providing comprehensive support for Microsoft applications and heterogeneous guest operating systems, customers can implement virtualization with confidence and peace of mind.

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Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008 is a great choice for customers who want a basic and simplified virtualization solution for consolidating servers as well as for development and test environments. Hyper-V Server 2008 only offers the most basic of virtualization features, making it ideal for:

• Test and Development

• Basic Server Consolidation

• Branch Office Consolidation

• Hosted Desktop Virtualization (VDI)

Customers who require richer and more robust virtualization features, such as Quick Migration, multi-site clustering, large memory support (greater than 32 GB of RAM), and more than four processors on the host server, should use Windows Server 2008. Windows Server 2008 provides business continuity, disaster recovery, greater scalability for consolidating large workloads, and flexible and cost-effective virtualization rights (one free virtual instance for Standard Edition, four free virtual instances for Enterprise Editions, and unlimited virtual instances for Datacenter Edition with the purchase of a license of Windows Server 2008).

Question: What is the difference between Hyper-V and Microsoft Hyper-V Server?

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Lesson 2 Hyper-V Requirements

This lesson focuses on evaluating existing environments and looks at the requirements for running Hyper-V.

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Evaluate Existing Environment

Key Points When choosing the appropriate 64-bit solution for your business, many variables must be considered, including:

• Some applications are only available on particular architectures, while others provide a choice of server platforms.

• Performance and scalability requirements will influence your choice of server in terms of processors and RAM, as well as your choice of Windows Server edition.

• Clustering and Network Load Balancing features support increased availability for planned and unplanned downtime, helping to improve business continuity.

Question: List the considerations you analyze when matching a server platform to a workload.

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Disk/LUN (Logical Unit Number)

Key Points Hyper-V introduces several new features related to virtual machine storage hardware.

• You can use Storage Manager for SANs to create and manage logical unit numbers (LUNs) on both Fibre Channel and Internet SCSI (iSCSI) disk storage subsystems in your storage area network (SAN).

• Because of hardware, protocol, and security differences, LUN configuration and management are different in Fibre Channel and iSCSI environments.

Question: List two or three potential advantages to storing VHDs on a SAN.

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Memory Requirements

Key Points The 64-bit architecture can address far more memory than virtualization platforms based on 32-bit architecture can.

The 64-bit hypervisor used in Hyper-V supports both 32-bit and 64-bit guest operating systems, which can run alongside each other on the same Hyper-V host.

Question: What is the maximum number of virtual machines that can be hosted on a single Hyper-V server?

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CPU/BIOS Requirements

Key Points In addition to the systems requirement for Windows Server 2008, the two most important requirements for the Hyper-V platform are to ensure that the server:

• Is a 64-bit environment

• Supports hardware-assisted virtualization (Intel VT or AMD-V) technology

Question: Are Intel VT and AMD-V hardware or BIOS features? Where are Intel VT and AMD-V enabled or disabled?

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Network/NIC Requirements

Key Points Hyper-V makes use of virtual switches to control and secure network traffic that enters and leaves virtual machines.

• Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) support in Hyper-V provides increased network security for virtual machines by making it possible to restrict network communication from a virtual machine to a specific VLAN.

• Virtual network cards in Hyper-V support Pre-boot Execution Environment (PXE) startup using only the legacy network adapter.

Question: Why does the legacy adapter work without installing a virtual machine driver?

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Installing Hyper-V on Windows Server 2008 RTM

Key Points There are two steps to ensuring that Hyper-V is installed and functioning correctly.

• The hypervisor must be installed and running

• The Hyper-V Virtual Machine Management service must be running

Question: How many Hyper-V Services appear to be started in the Services snap-in?

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Lesson 3 Installing the Hyper-V Server Role

This lesson focuses on identifying specific business requirements, domain membership considerations, the Microsoft Assessment and Planning tool, as well as the process of installing the Hyper-V role on Windows Server 2008 Full Installation and Server Core.

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Identify Business Requirements

Key Points Technology changes rapidly and 64-bit processors are quickly becoming the norm in the business world of today.

• Virtually all new Windows Servers products ship with x64 processors, and are capable of running Windows Server x64 editions.

• Windows Server x64 editions offer the best way to take full advantage of this hardware.

Question: Describe two or three workloads in your organization that are candidates for virtualization.

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Discussion: Business System Requirements

Key Points It is important to evaluate the system requirements for the particular business roles and workloads which will be virtualized. Picking out appropriate hardware resources for workloads is important. Also important is planning high availability needs and solutions.

Question: What type of business roles do you support in your organization?

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Domain Membership Considerations

Key Points Domain Membership is not required for Hyper-V however it can be a member of a domain.

• Active Directory® directory service allows the same directory management features to be used for virtual machines as are used for physical computers.

• This enables centralized management of groups of Hyper-V servers using the existing management tools that are familiar to administrators.

Question: Describe one or more scenarios in which a Hyper-V server should be a domain member.

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Microsoft Assessment and Planning Tool

Key Points The Microsoft Assessment and Planning Solution Accelerator makes it easy for you to assess your current IT infrastructure and determine the right Microsoft technologies for your IT needs.

• The data and analysis provided by this Solution Accelerator can significantly simplify the planning process for migrating to Hyper-V.

• The Microsoft Assessment and Planning Solution Accelerator expands upon the assessment features included in the Windows Vista® Hardware Assessment Solution Accelerator.

Question: What criteria do you currently use in assessing your IT infrastructure?

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Install Hyper-V Role on Windows Server 2008 (Full Installation)

Key Points Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V is only available for x64 Editions of Windows Server 2008 RTM.

Hyper-V cannot be enabled on systems running inside virtual machines or on x86 versions of Windows Server 2008.

Question: Describe the approximate percentage of your organizations servers that currently use x64 operating systems.

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Install Hyper-V Role on Windows Server 2008 Server Core

Key Points Installing the Hyper-V role on Windows Server 2008 with Server Core is a simple process.

• Type start /w ocsetup Microsoft-Hyper-V to enable Hyper-V role.

• Restart the server when prompted.

Question: Describe one or more scenarios in which Hyper-V on Windows Server Core would be a good solution for virtualization needs in your organization.

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Lesson 4 Configure Hyper-V to Be Highly Available

This lesson focuses on aspects of Hyper-V that make it highly available such as failover clustering, disk structure and network heartbeat.

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Install Failover Clustering

Key Points A failover cluster, formerly known as a server cluster, is a group of independent computers that work together to increase the availability of applications and services.

• Windows Server 2008 Failover Clustering provides high availability for Hyper-V by allowing virtual machines to migrate between nodes in the cluster during downtime.

• When planned downtime occurs, the Failover Clustering Service moves affected virtual machines to another cluster node.

• When unplanned downtime occurs, the Failover Clustering Service will automatically restart virtual machines on a surviving cluster node.

Question: Describe one or more scenarios where Windows Failover Clustering used with Hyper-V would offer benefits.

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Disk Structure

Key Points A Hyper-V host is a server running Windows Server 2008. Hyper-V supports multiple storage options.

• Hyper-V supports directly-attached storage, such as SATA and SAS; or SAN storage such as Fibre Channel and iSCSI.

• After you expose the disks to the host, you can expose it to the guest in many different ways.

Question: Describe one or more scenarios in which advanced storage options be a good solution in use in your work environment?

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Network Heartbeat

Key Points Hyper-V provides a network heartbeat service called the virtual machine heartbeat which can be installed on guest operating systems as part of Integration Services.

The heartbeat service can be enabled in Hyper-V Settings in the Integration Services section of the Hyper-V Manager.

Question: Where is the virtual machine heartbeat status displayed?

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Lab: Install Hyper-V and Perform Initial Configuration

Exercise 1: Install Hyper-V

Scenario You receive a request from the enterprise systems team to migrate existing Virtual Server 2005 virtual machines to Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V.

In this exercise you will enable the Hyper-V role in Windows Server 2008.

The main task for this exercise is as follows:

• Enabling the Hyper V role in Windows Server 2008.

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Task 1: Enabling the Hyper V role in Windows Server 2008 • As part of setup, your instructor has ensured that the computer has hardware-

assisted virtualization with the No-Execute Bit enabled.

• In Server Manager, install the Hyper-V server role.

• On the Create Virtual Network page, select the Network Adapter.

Results: After this exercise, you should have successfully installed the Hyper-V role.

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Exercise 2: Explore the Hyper-V Management Console

Scenario You receive a request to become familiar with the Hyper-V Manager console so you will be prepared to administer Hyper-V and migrate your existing virtual machines.

In this exercise you will explore the Hyper-V management console.

The main task for this exercise is:

• Exploring Hyper-V Manager.

Task 1: Exploring Hyper-V Manager • Open the Hyper-V Manager.

• Explore the Introduction and Resources sections.

• Explore the options in the Actions pane.

• Click the Hyper-V server and review the Details pane.

• Explorer the Hyper-V Server level settings.

• Explore the Virtual Network Manager settings.

• Explore the Virtual Machine Wizard, Hard Disk Wizard, and Floppy Disk Wizard.

• Import the virtual machine located at D:\ExportedVM\SEA-SQL-01.

• Start and connect to the SEA-SQL-01 VM.

Results: After this exercise, you should have become familiar with Hyper-V Manager.

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Module Review and Takeaways

Review Questions 1. Is Hyper-V available for X86 editions of Windows Server 2008?

2. What happens when unplanned downtime occurs?

3. How are you notified if a virtual machine stops responding?

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Configure Hyper-V Settings and Virtual Networks 2-1

Module 2 Configure Hyper-V Settings and Virtual Networks

Contents: Lesson 1: Configuring Hyper-V Options 2-3

Lesson 2: Configuring the Virtual Network 2-11

Lab: Configuring Hyper-V and Virtual Networks 2-17

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Module Overview

This module provides information on the configuration options available on the Hyper-V™ server and Hyper-V Virtual Networks. When these configuration options are set correctly they offer increased performance and greater security to your virtual machines.

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Lesson 1 Configuring Hyper-V Options

This lesson explores the configurable settings available in the management console. Setting the folder locations for VHD and Snapshot files is important to disk performance. Use Authorization Manager to assign permissions which will benefit you when configuring security.

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Set VHD Location

Key Points You can change the default locations for storing the virtual hard disks (C:\Users\Public\Documents\Hyper-V\Virtual Hard Disks) and the virtual machine configuration files (C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Hyper-V) in the Hyper-V settings.

Best Practices:

• Name the VHD Location folder according to the function of the virtual machine (C:\Users\Public\Documents\Hyper-V\Virtual Hard Disks\SQL).

• Verify there is sufficient storage space for .VHD files and virtual machines.

Question: Can a file share be used to store virtual machine configuration data?

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Set Snapshot Location

Key Points The Hyper-V Manager allows you to set the Snapshot Location.

• Hyper-V snapshots are a point in time image of a virtual machine including data and state. Hyper-V snapshots are not an appropriate backup strategy.

• You can change the virtual machine settings after applying a snapshot-but you cannot change the snapshot settings themselves.

Question: What is the difference between Volume Shadow Copy Service snapshots and Hyper-V snapshots?

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Discussion: File Storage

Key Points Saving Virtual Hard Disk and Virtual Machine Configuration files on drives other than the system drive will enhance performance.

If a pass-through disk is being used in a Failover Cluster, the configuration file must be placed on a separate file share located on a non-cluster node or on a File Server cluster. This file share containing the configuration file must be accessible by all nodes in the cluster and the security on the file share must allow for read and write access.

Question: What will occur if the configuration files are moved to the same location as the virtual hard disk files?

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Using Authorization Manager

Key Points The Authorization Manager snap-in loads the Hyper-V Authorization Store used in configuring security in Hyper-V.

• Users that are not members of the Local Administrators group can be given permission to create and manage virtual machines in Hyper-V. To accomplish this requires using the built in Authorization Management (AzMan) framework that is part of Microsoft® Windows Server® 2008.

• The Authorization Manager framework allows Hyper-V to be configured to restrict what virtual machines users can manage and what they can do with those machines.

Question: What are roles in Authorization Manager?

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Using Mouse Release Key

Key Points When you connect to a virtual machine on which the integration services are not installed, the mouse pointer is displayed as a dot in the guest operating system.

• The default setting for the release key is CTRL+ALT+LEFT ARROW.

• In Hyper-V Manager you can configure an alternative Mouse Release Key combination.

Question: How many other options are there for an alternative Release Key?

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Discussion: Integration Services

Key Points Not all client and server operating systems are supported as guests in Hyper-V. There is a restricted list of server and client operating systems that will be supported when running as a guest in Hyper-V.

• It is very important to make a distinction between supported and compatible. There are operating systems that are compatible with Hyper-V but will not be supported.

• Typically, this means the Integration Services cannot be installed in the guest operating system even if a virtual machine was successfully created in Hyper-V.

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• Enlightened means that the guest operating system is running a version of the kernel that is aware it is running in a virtualized environment.

• Enlightenments are enhancements made to the operating system to help reduce the cost of certain operating system functions like memory management. One example of an operating system enlightenment that comes with Hyper-V is translation look-aside buffer (TLB) flushing. The TLB helps to protect memory and improve CPU hardware memory access performance by caching Virtual Address to Physical Address translations.

Question: What considerations are important in your organization when choosing to use a compatible but not supported operating system?

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Lesson 2 Configuring the Virtual Network

This lesson focuses on Virtual Networking in Hyper-V. You will use the Virtual Network Manager tool to configure settings. Configure virtual switches to control and secure network traffic. Use Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) Tagging to isolate internal and external networks. You will also learn to access network resources with different options.

Configuring Virtual Network settings properly in Hyper-V will help to ensure that your virtual machines function properly and access the correct network resources securely.

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Virtual Network Manager Tool

Key Points The Virtual Network Manager is used to configure all networking for the virtual machines running on the Hyper-V Server. Virtual Network Manager enables you to create and manage virtual networks.

• You can use Virtual Network Manager to add, remove, and modify the virtual networks. Virtual Network Manager is available from Hyper-V Manager.

• Only one virtual network can be attached to a specific physical network adapter at a time; you cannot attach multiple virtual networks to the same physical network adapter.

• You cannot connect a virtual network to a wireless network adapter. As a result, you cannot provide wireless networking capabilities to virtual machines.

Question: Which type of network allows a virtual machine to have access to a physical network? In what scenarios would you use this type of network?

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Discussion: Virtual Networking

Key Points Virtual networks can be used by Child Partitions to communicate:

• On a physical network connected to the parent partition.

• On a network that is common to the physical machine to gain access to data in the Parent partition.

• With other child partitions running on the Hyper-V server but no other network.

• On a totally isolated and private network that is accessible only by the child partitions running on the Hyper-V server.

Question: Describe the steps you would use to isolate virtual machines from the physical network?

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Virtual Switches

Key Points Hyper-V makes use of virtual switches to control and secure network traffic that enters and leaves virtual machines.

• A Hyper-V virtual switch can be associated with a physical network Virtual Local Access Network (VLAN) tag to limit network communication over that virtual switch to a specific VLAN.

• Only one Hyper-V virtual switch can be associated with a single physical network adapter.

Question: Describe one or more differences between a virtual switch and a virtual network.

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VLAN Tagging

Key Points The Virtual Network Manager also provides for VLAN isolation on external and internal networks but not on private networks.

• If using an external network configuration that is mapped to a physical NIC in the parent partition, the physical NIC must be configured for VLAN support on the physical network.

• The Hyper-V role of Windows Server 2008 can specify a VLAN tag for the virtual machine network connection and for the parent partition network connection.

• A virtual machine may have multiple network adapters, and all of these adapters are not required to use the same VLAN IDs.

Question: Describe one or more ways VLANs can be used to support security or performance requirements.

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External/Private/Internal

Key Points The network or Internet resources available depend on the configuration of the network adapters used for the virtual machine. Three types of virtual networks can be configured:

• External–this network binds to a physical network adapter on the Hyper-V server so that the virtual machine can have access to a physical network.

• Internal–this network is for use by the virtual machines that are running on the Hyper-V server. Virtual machines on this network can communicate with each other and with the parent partition but not external to the physical machine.

• Private–this network can only be used by the virtual machines; there is no association with any physical network adapter in the parent partition.

Question: For each virtual network type describe at least one scenario where that virtual network could be used.

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Lab: Configuring Hyper-V and Virtual Networks

Exercise 1: Configure Hyper-V Server Settings

Scenario You have completed installing the Hyper-V server role, now you are given the task to configure the location of the virtual machine files and other settings to maximize the allocation of the hardware resources on the server.

In this exercise, you will configure server-level settings and create a new virtual machine that you will need to configure, also.


• Configuring Hyper-V Server Settings.

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Task 1: Configuring Hyper-V server settings • In the Hyper-V Manager, configure the following server-level settings:

• Virtual Hard Disk location: E:\Hyper-V\Virtual Hard Disks

• Virtual Machine Configuration location: E:\Hyper-V

• Create a new virtual machine called SEA-SQL-02 with the following settings:

• Memory: 1024 MB

• Network Connection: Virtual Network Adapter

• Change the settings on SEA-SQL-02 to the following values:

• Memory: 512 MB

• Processor: 2 Logical Processors

• Explore the additional options available for the processor

Results: After this exercise, you will have successfully configured the Hyper-V Server Settings and created a new virtual machine.

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Exercise 2: Configure Hyper-V Virtual Networks

Scenario You are given a task to create virtual networks for your virtual machines. You will need to configure different connection types for the virtual machines.

In this exercise, you will create three virtual networks and configure them each with a different connection type. You will also configure a virtual machine to use a specific virtual network.


• Configuring Hyper-V Virtual Network Settings.

Task 1: Configuring Hyper-V virtual network settings • Using the Virtual Network Manager, rename the existing Virtual Network to

External.

• Create a new internal network named Test Environment.

• Create a new private network named Isolated.

• Connect the SEA-SQL-02 virtual machine to the Test Environment.

Results: After this exercise, you will have configured Hyper-V Virtual Network Settings.

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Review Questions 1. Where is the option to change the location of the .VHD and virtual machines?

2. What does it mean when the mouse pointer displays as a small dot in a virtual machine window?

3. List the available virtual network types and describe typical usages for each.

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Hyper-V Remote Administration 3-1

Module 3 Hyper-V Remote Administration

Contents: Lesson 1: Configuring Hyper-V Remote Administration 3-3

Lesson 2: Connecting to Hyper-V Remotely 3-6

Lab: Accessing and Managing Hyper-V Remotely 3-10

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Module Overview

This module provides information about which clients can be used to remotely administer Hyper-V™ and how Hyper-V is managed through Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI). It also provides information about Windows Firewall settings and the Remote Desktop Protocol. At the conclusion of this module you will be able to configure and connect to Hyper-V for remote administration.

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Lesson 1 Configuring Hyper-V Remote Administration

After completing this lesson, you will know how WMI is used in managing Hyper-V and which Windows clients can be used to remotely administer Hyper-V. Installing the right client will ensure that your remote management of Hyper-V is successful.

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Install Hyper-V Manager on Windows Client

Key Points The Microsoft® Windows Vista® SP1 KB952627 Update Package includes:

• The Hyper-V Manager which is a Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-in that provides management access to a Windows Server 2008-based server that uses the Hyper-V role.

• The Virtual Machine Connection which is a remote connection tool that you can use to establish an interactive session on a virtual machine.

Question: List clients that can connect remotely to Hyper-V.

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WMI

Key Points Hyper-V is managed through Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI). The Hyper-V WMI Provider exposes objects that control all aspects of Hyper-V including:

• Managing server settings

• Creating and configuring virtual machines

• Creating and configuring Virtual Network switches

• Controlling the state of running virtual machines

Question: List one or more scenarios in which automated management through WMI scripting could provide benefit to your organization. List one or more scenarios in which automated management would not be an effective tool.

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Lesson 2 Connecting to Hyper-V Remotely

This lesson focuses on Windows Firewall Settings and the Remote Desktop Protocol. This lesson will examine the configuration of Windows Firewall to successfully connect to Hyper-V remotely. You will become familiar with which applications that will allow you to connect to Hyper-V for remote administration.

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Firewall Settings

Key Points When you install the Hyper-V role or the Remote Server Administration Tools the installation program configures the firewall rules for remote management.

• You can confirm the firewall settings. On the Start menu, in Administrative Tools, open Windows Firewall with Advanced Security.

• For remote management in a domain environment, no further configuration is necessary.

Question: What two groups of rules are configured in Windows Firewall with Advanced Security for Remote Management of Hyper-V?

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Remote Desktop Protocol

Key Points Terminal Services RemoteApp (TS RemoteApp) enables organization to provide access to standard Microsoft Windows®–based programs from virtually any location to users of any Windows Vista–based or Windows Server® 2008–based computer, or to users of any Windows XP with Service Pack 2 (SP2)–based or Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1)–based computer that have the new Remote Desktop Connection (RDC) client installed.

• Terminal service connectivity using a Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) connection is also a way to gain local access to the Hyper-V Management interface on a Hyper-V Server.

• Virtual Machine Connection (vmconnect.exe) is a tool that you use to connect to a virtual machine so that you can install or interact with the guest operating system in a virtual machine. Virtual Machine Connection connects using an RDP connection.

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• The primary supported methods for remotely connecting to Hyper-V servers include the Hyper-V Management interface or the System Center Virtual Machine Manager (SCVMM) interface.

Question: Describe one or more scenarios in which RDP management of Hyper-V would be useful.

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Lab: Accessing and Managing Hyper-V Remotely

Exercise 1: Configure the Windows Firewall

Scenario You have deployed Hyper-V servers at various locations within the enterprise, including locations where you don’t have physical access. In order to continue managing the server, you must configure the Hyper-V server for remote management.

In this exercise, you will configure Windows Firewall to allow for remote management.


• Configuring the Windows Firewall.

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Task 1: Configuring the Windows Firewall • Open Windows Firewall with Advanced Security.

• Review the settings for the following Inbound Rules:

• Hyper-V - WMI (Async-In)

• Hyper-V - WMI (DCOM-In)

• Hyper-V - WMI (TCP-In)

• Hyper-V (RPC)

• Hyper-V (RPC-EPMAP)

• Hyper-V (SPL-TCP-In)

• Hyper-V Management Clients - WMI (Async-In)

• Hyper-V Management Clients - WMI (DCOM-In)

• Hyper-V Management Clients - WMI (TCP-In)

• Review the settings for the following Outbound Rules:

• Hyper-V - WMI (TCP-Out)

• Hyper-V Management Clients - WMI (TCP-Out).

Results: After this exercise, you should have reviewed the Windows Firewall with Advanced Security settings for remotely managing Hyper-V.

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Exercise 2: Install the Hyper-V Manager on Windows Vista

Scenario You need to use a Windows Vista workstation to manage a Hyper-V server at a remote location.

In this exercise, you will install the Hyper-V Manager on a Windows Vista workstation.

The main tasks for this exercise are as follows:

1. Import and Start SEA-WRK-001

2. Installing the Hyper-V Manager on Windows Vista

Task 1: Import and start SEA-WRK-001 • Import SEA-WRK-001 from E:\Mod03\Labfiles\SEA-WRK-001.

• Start SEA-WRK-001 and connect to the virtual machine.

Task 2: Installing the Hyper-V Manager on Windows Vista • Open the System Properties to verify that Windows Vista SP1 is installed.

• Run C:\Mod03\Labfiles\Windows6.0-KB952627-x86.

Results: After this exercise, you should have installed the Hyper-V Manager on Windows Vista.

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Exercise 3: Connect to the Hyper-V Server Remotely

Scenario After you have installed the Hyper-V Manager console on the Windows Vista workstation, you need to connect to the Hyper-V server at the remote location.

In this exercise, you use the Hyper-V Manager on the Windows Vista workstation to manage the remote Hyper-V server.


• Connecting to the Hyper-V Server Remotely

Task 1: Connecting to the Hyper-V server remotely • Open the Control Panel, and open the Hyper-V Manager from the

Administrative Tools folder.

• Connect to the Hyper-V server.

Results: After this exercise, you should have connecting to the Hyper-V server remotely.

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Review Questions 1. List important configuration considerations when using the Hyper-V

Management Console to manage a remote Hyper-V server.

2. Does Hyper-V expose a COM API for scripted management?

3. List one or more methods for managing Hyper-V without using the Hyper-V Management Console.

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Creating Virtual Hard Drives and Virtual Machines 4-1

Module 4 Creating Virtual Hard Drives and Virtual Machines

Contents: Lesson 1: Creating Virtual Hard Drives 4-3

Lesson 2: Creating Virtual Machines 4-12

Lab: Creating Virtual Hard Drives and Virtual Machines 4-23

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Module Overview

This module explores the creation of the Hyper-V™ Virtual Machines and their associated Virtual Hard Disks (VHDs). The options available for the virtual machines (VMs), and the types of Virtual Hard Disks will be covered. This module also covers the importance of Hyper-V Integration Components and Hypervisor.

Through the creation of VHDs and VMs, an IT administrator can virtualize his or her local environment, which will help reduce management and hardware costs. In addition IT Administrators now have the opportunity to use a virtualized environment for testing and development.

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Lesson 1 Creating Virtual Hard Drives

A virtual hard disk provides storage for a virtual machine. Within the virtual machine, the virtual hard disk is represented as a physical disk and is used by the virtual machine as if it were a physical disk. There are many different types of virtual hard disks, that have various advantages and disadvantages.

Selecting the correct virtual hard disk format is important, because when data is stored in a virtual hard disk, it can be time-consuming to migrate it to a different virtual hard disk type.

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Dynamically Expanding Disks vs. Fixed-Size Disks

Key Points There are several different types of virtual hard disks (VHDs) available in Hyper-V:

• Dynamically expanding VHDs are virtual disks that start very small and then grow as data is written to the disk. Dynamically expanding VHDs are ideal for use in an environment where performance isn’t the most important consideration. Test and development environments are often ideal applications for this type of VHDs.

• Fixed-size virtual hard disks are disks that use as much physical disk space as specified when the disk is created. For example, if you create a 100 gigabyte (GB) fixed size VHD, it will use 100 GB of physical disk space. Use fixed-size VHDs when performance and ease of deployment is a concern. Typically, a production scenario requires greater performance, making fixed-size VHDs the ideal solution.

Question: Describe two or three scenarios when you would use a dynamic disk. Describe two or three scenarios when you would use a fixed disk.

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Pass-through Disks

Key Points In addition to fixed-size disks and dynamic disks, Hyper-V allows for the use of a pass-through disk type.

• Pass-though disks are a different type of storage option where an external data source is associated with a virtual machine and the virtual machine writes directly to the data source without encapsulation in a virtual hard disk. Compatible data sources include physical disks, partitions and LUNs.

• With pass-through disks, there is no vhd.

Question: In what scenario would a pass-through disk be ideal?

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Snapshots and Differencing Disks

Key Points Another disk type Hyper-V offers is the differencing disk. A new feature in Hyper-V is the snapshot.

• Differencing disks store all state changes to a virtual machine or virtual hard disk in a separate file. Changes are isolated from the original VHD.

• A differencing disk applies to only one virtual hard disk.

• With a differencing disk you can revert to the state of the base VHD by removing the differencing disk.

• Snapshots are a point-in-time copy of the virtual machine.

• When a snapshot is mad, it creates a special type of differencing disk, having a file extension of .avhd.

Question: In what scenario would a differencing disk be useful?

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IDE vs. SCSI

Key Points There are two hardware disk types available for Hyper-V: SCSI and IDE.

• IDE supports four devices.

• SCSI supports 256 devices.

• IDE devices can be both emulated and synthetic. When a VM first boots up, IDE is emulated. However, during the boot process a bypass filter is loaded enabling IDE devices be used as synthetic devices.

• SCSI devices are Synthetic only.

• In Hyper-V SCSI is Synthetic and uses the Virtual Machine BUS (VMBUS). The SCSI I/O operations pass from the Child (Guest) Partition to the root over VMBUS and enter the I/O stack. After I/O completes, its completion is sent over VMBUS.

Question: Describe some best practices for implementing iSCSI storage.

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New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard

Key Points When creating a new virtual machine, it needs a virtual hard disk. The virtual hard disk wizard is used to create new virtual hard disks for new or existing virtual machines.

• You can create a virtual hard disk without working through the pages of the wizard. If you click Finish on this page, the wizard creates a dynamically expanding virtual hard disk that has a storage capacity of 127 gigabytes.

• The virtual hard disk wizard can be found within the Hyper-V virtual machines settings page.

Question: Why should a shared location be specified for a clustered VM?

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Demonstration: Create Virtual Hard Disk

Question: What are the specifications of a default virtual hard disk created using the virtual hard disk wizard?

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Edit Virtual Hard Disk Wizard

Key Points You can use the Edit Virtual Hard Disk Wizard to perform the following actions on virtual hard disks: Compact, Convert, Expand, Merge, and Reconnect.

• Compact: Applies to dynamically expanding virtual hard disks and differencing virtual hard disks. Reduces the size of the .vhd file by removing blank space that is left behind when data is deleted from the virtual hard disk.

• Convert: Converts a dynamically expanding virtual hard disk to a fixed virtual hard disk, or a fixed virtual hard disk to a dynamically expanding virtual hard disk.

• Expand: Increases the storage capacity of a dynamically expanding virtual hard disk or a fixed virtual hard disk.

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• Merge: Applies to differencing disks only. Merges the parent disk with the differencing disk.

• Reconnect: Applies to differencing disks only. If you select a differencing disk and the parent virtual hard disk cannot be located, this page appears automatically.

Question: What are the benefits to using an NTFS file system when compacting a VHD?

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Lesson 2 Creating Virtual Machines

After you have a virtual hard disk ready you can create a virtual machine. This module introduces some considerations related to VM configuration, Integration Components, and operating system duplication.

Correctly creating and configuring VMs is important because once a VM is running, only certain parts of its configuration can be modified.

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HyperVisor

Key Points The hypervisor is responsible for creating, managing, and destroying partitions.

• The 64-bit micro-kernelized hypervisor architecture uses the VMBus to enable high-speed data transfer to and from the host operating system driver stack. The host operating system driver stack uses Microsoft® Windows® Certified drivers to enable broad hardware compatibility combined with stability. Because device drivers are in the host operating system, the hypervisor remains small.

• The hypervisor is a single binary that contains several components (for example, scheduler, partition management, and virtual processor management).

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• The hypervisor must run in a 64-bit environment.

Question: What is the host operating system referred to as? What are the VMs referred to as?

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Virtual Machine Wizard

Key Points As with the Virtual Disk Wizard, the Virtual Machine wizard will walk you through the steps necessary to create a Virtual Machine.

• The New Virtual Machine Wizard provides you with a simple and flexible way to create a virtual machine.

• The New Virtual Machine Wizard is available from Hyper-V Manager.

Question: What are the specs of a VM created using the default wizard options?

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Demonstration: Create Virtual Machine

Question: What are the specifications of a default virtual machine created using the New Virtual Machine wizard?

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Integration Components

Key Points Integration components are user mode processes that run in the guest operating system which provide a limited amount of communication between the host and guest environments. Some examples include: time synchronization, guest operating system shutdown, data exchange and backup support.

Question: Describe the procedure for installing the Integration Components.

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Demonstration: Install Integration Components

Question: Why should you install the Integration Components?

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Prepare Guest Operating System for Duplication

Key Points After the virtual machine has been created and the guest operating system and integration components have both been installed, the sysprep tool will help prepare the virtual machine for duplication.

• The purpose of sysprep is to make the system as generic as possible so that any image taken of a system prepared with sysprep can then be applied to different hardware.

• Using sysprep will roll back the operating system installation. The next time that Windows installation boots up, all of the system information is regenerated.

Question: What activation issues do you need to take into consideration when duplicating a VM?

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Copying VHD Files

Key Points One common scenario in virtualization is copying VHD files. If the VHD file contains a guest operating system, it should first be prepared for duplication. When the VHD has been prepared for duplication, there are several ways to copy the VHD.

• Through the use of Xcopy a VHD file can be copied to a new location.

• Using the Hyper-V Management Console import/export wizard to copy a VM to a new location.

• Using PowerShell scripting to import and/or export a virtual machine.

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A common usage scenario in virtualization is moving a virtual machine from one host to another. These are the steps to take:

1. Shut down the guest operating system.

2. Move all storage resources to the new location.

3. Restart the virtual machine at the new location.

Question: In what scenario might you need to move a VM from one host to another?

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PXE Boot

Key Points The Pre-Boot Execution Environment (PXE) provider for Windows Deployment Services provides client boot services over the network.

• PXE registers itself with the WDSServer service (the main server-side service of the Windows Deployment Services solution) and requests a remote procedure call (RPC) endpoint.

• PXE technology is a standard created by Intel that establishes a common and consistent set of pre-boot services within the boot firmware. The end goal is to enable a client to perform a network boot and receive a network boot program (NBP) from a network boot server.

• PXE booting requires the Legacy Network Adapter and will not work with the Synthetic Network Adapter.

Question: What is the benefit of enabling PXE Booting in the Hyper-V VM?

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Lab: Creating Virtual Hard Drives and Virtual Machines

Exercise 1: Creating New Virtual Hard Disks

Scenario Contoso has implemented a virtualization solution utilizing Windows Server® 2008 with Hyper-V™. The Hyper-V servers are configured and need virtual machines installed.

In this exercise, you will begin to create virtual machines by creating virtual hard disks.


1. Creating a new virtual hard disk.

2. Replicating an existing virtual hard disk.

3. Creating a new virtual hard disk from a physical hard drive.

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Task 1: Creating a new virtual hard disk • Using the New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard, create a new blank differencing disk

with the following settings:

• Name: SEA-WEB-01

• Location: D:\Virtual Hard Disks

• Size: 250

Task 2: Replicating an existing virtual hard disk • Create a copy of SEA-WEB-01.vhd called SEA-WEB-02.vhd.

Task 3: Creating a new virtual hard disk from a physical hard drive • Using the New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard, create a new dynamic disk by

copying the contents of the 6422-Hyper-V computer’s system drive with the following settings:

• Name: SEA-Hyper-V-01.vhd

• Replicating the C:\ drive

• Location: D:\Virtual Hard Disks

Results: After this exercise, you should have 3 VHD files. Cancel the creation of SEA-Hyper-V-01.vhd creation.

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Exercise 2: Creating New Virtual Machines

Scenario Contoso wants you to finish the virtual machine creation on your Hyper-V servers.

In this exercise, you will use the previously-created VHD files to create the required virtual machine.


1. Create the SEA-WEB-01 Virtual Machine.

2. Add the second VHD to SEA-WEB-01.

3. Mount the operating system installation media.

4. Connect to the virtual machine and install Windows Server 2008.

Task 1: Create the SEA-WEB-01 virtual machine • Using the New Virtual Machine Wizard, create a new virtual machine with the

following settings:

• Name: SEA-WEB-01

• Memory: 512 MB

• Network: Not connected

• Virtual Hard Disk: SEA-WEB-01.vhd

Task 2: Add the second VHD to SEA-WEB-01 • Add the virtual hard disk SEA-WEB-02.vhd to the SEA-WEB-01 virtual

machine.

Task 3: Mount the operating system installation media • In the Settings dialog box for SEA-WEB-01, mount the operating system media

to the virtual machine.

• Location: E:\Mod04\Labfiles

• File: 6001.18000.080118-1840_amd64fre_Server_en-us-KRMSXFRE_EN_DVD.iso

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Task 4: Connect to the virtual machine and install Windows Server 2008 For your final task, you will install Windows Server 2008 onto the newly created virtual machine.

• Start SEA-WEB-01 and install Windows Server 2008 Enterprise (Server Core Installation).

Results: After this exercise, you should have one virtual machine created from the previous exercises VHDs, and Windows Server 2008 installing on the VM.

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Review Questions 1. What different types of virtual hard disks does Hyper-V support?

2. What are the Integration Components and why should they be installed?

3. What options are available in the Edit Disk wizard?

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Virtual Machine Settings, Snapshots, and High Availability 5-1

Module 5 Virtual Machine Settings, Snapshots, and High Availability

Contents: Lesson 1: Managing Virtual Machine Settings 5-3

Lesson 2: Using Virtual Machine Snapshots 5-7

Lesson 3: Configuring Hyper-V for High Availability 5-12

Lesson 4: Monitoring Hyper-V Performance 5-21

Lab: Managing Virtual Machines 5-25

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Module Overview

This module explores the settings available on each Virtual Machine hosted on a Hyper-V™ server and how to use and manage Virtual Machine snapshots. This module will also cover configuring Hyper-V for high availability and performance monitoring on a Hyper-V server.

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Lesson 1 Managing Virtual Machine Settings

Virtual Machine Settings provide you with a way to adjust the configuration of a virtual machine after you create the virtual machine. Some of the settings are self-explanatory and may not be covered during this lesson.

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Specifying Virtual Hardware

Key Points After you create a virtual machine, you can customize it by configuring the virtual machine’s settings. For example, you can:

• Configure the virtual machine BIOS settings

• Configure the virtual machine Processor settings

• Change the amount of memory allocated to the virtual machine

Question: How would you configure a VM to allow software with a bootable CD to be installed?

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Configuring Peripherals

Key Points • The IDE Controller settings allow you to add a hard drive or CD/DVD Drive to

the IDE Controller.

• You can configure networking for virtual machines by adding, removing, and modifying their network adapters as necessary.

Question: Describe one or more scenarios that might require non-default VM peripheral settings.

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Hyper-V Integration Settings

Key Points Integration services are a set of services that help Hyper-V Virtual Machines have a more consistent state and perform better. Below are several examples:

• Enhanced usability of the guest operating system desktop computer through mouse pointer integration.

• Enhanced performance of some operating systems by providing access to the VMBus.

• Enabling of the guest operating system to use synthetic devices.

• Automatic start and stop actions that enable you to determine what actions to take when the physical machine starts and stops.

• VSS integration for live-backup of running VMs.

Question: What are the benefits of installing Integration Services on a Hyper-V virtual machine?

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Lesson 2 Using Virtual Machine Snapshots

Snapshots are a new feature of Microsoft® Windows Server® 2008 Hyper-V. Snapshots are a point in time version of a virtual machine. Snapshots have replaced Microsoft Virtual PC and Microsoft Virtual Server undo disks. The primary benefit of snapshots in Hyper-V is that it allows administrators to quickly and easily create hierarchies of changes and to have the ability to revert back to them at any time.

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Snapshot Overview

Key Points • A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of a virtual machine.

• A snapshot does not change the state of the virtual machine.

• A snapshot does not change the virtual machine when it is deleted.

Question: How are multiple branches created in a snapshot tree?

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Snapshot Implementation

Key Points These are the steps taken when a snapshot of a running virtual machine is created:

• The virtual machine pauses.

• A new differencing disk is created for each virtual hard disk, and then the virtual machine is configured to use the new differencing disk(s).

• A copy of the virtual machine’s configuration file is created.

• The virtual machine resumes.

• When the virtual machine is running, the contents of the virtual machine’s memory are saved to disk.

Question: Describe one or more side effects of creating VM snapshots.

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Managing Snapshots

Key Points The Hyper-V Manager provides several tools for managing snapshots:

• Snapshots can be created in the Hyper-V Manager. Select a virtual machine, and on the Action menu or panel, click Snapshot.

• When a virtual machine with snapshots has been selected, the snapshots pane of the Hyper-V Manager appears below the Virtual Machines pane.

• The Action panel provides several options when a Snapshot is selected:

• Settings

• Apply

• Rename

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• Delete Snapshot

The specific point in time is no longer available as a restore point. If the last snapshot in a chain is removed the content is merged into the parent .vhd file.

• Delete Snapshot Subtree

• Revert

Question: What happens when a Snapshot Subtree is deleted?

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Lesson 3 Configuring Hyper-V for High Availability

Virtualization technology helps businesses reduce their overall TCO. Unfortunately, virtualization introduces a major problem: single point of failure.

Here is an example of a single point of failure:

• Within a non-virtualized environment, Contoso has 20 workloads. Each workload is on one physical server. When one of server goes down, there are problems; however, the problems are manageable and not catastrophic.

• When Contoso has switched to a virtualized environment, there are now 20 workloads running on a single physical server. When that single physical server goes down, all 20 workloads go down. This is a catastrophic event that will have severe consequences.

As was shown in the above example, high availability is a very important consideration. Hyper-V has been designed with high availability in mind.

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High Availability Overview

Key Points • High availability can be defined as the implementation of a system design that

ensures a high level of operational continuity over a given time.

• Planned downtime is the result of management-initiated events, such as maintenance.

• Unplanned downtime is the result of events not within direct control of IT administrators.

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• Availability is often expressed numerically as the percentage of time that a service is available for use.

• Microsoft provides failover clustering in Windows Server 2008 Enterprise and Windows Server 2008 Datacenter, which keeps both applications and operating systems highly available.

Question: Describe a scenario in which VM high availability might be implemented.

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Quick Migration

Key Points • Quick Migration is the combination of Hyper-V and Failover Clustering

technologies.

• Quick migration can be used with server workloads and applications that normally would not be cluster-aware.

• Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition or Windows Server 2008 Datacenter Edition is required for Quick Migration.

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• Quick Migration is particularly useful for:

• Scheduled maintenance of host hardware

• Scheduled updates to host software

• Operating systems or applications that could not normally run in a cluster

• Maintaining high availability

Question: Describe one or more scenarios in which Quick Migration would be useful. Describe one or more scenarios in which Quick Migration would not meet operational requirements.

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Quick Migration Scenario

Key Points Scenario Overview:

• Two physical host Servers consisting of Node 1, and Node 2.

• Public Network connects the cluster nodes to the virtual machines, network resources , such as Domain Controller, and routers.

• Private Network is used exclusively for cluster-related network traffic, and connects the nodes to the shared storage, such as Fibre Channel, or iSCSI.

Question: What happens when Node 1 fails?

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Step 1: Setup Cluster

Key Points To perform quick migration, you must first set up a cluster with your servers.

• Cluster configuration and setup in Windows Server 2008 has been streamlined. Using the wizard, an entire cluster is created in one step. The wizard asks for a name for the cluster and which servers will be in the cluster; the wizard handles the rest of the cluster setup.

• The first step is installing Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition or Windows Server 2008 Datacenter Edition in the same domain on the host servers that will become the cluster nodes.

• Next, you can set up and configure the server cluster using the wizards.

Question: Describe the likely effect of shared storage hardware on cluster performance.

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Step 2: Create Highly Available Virtual Machine

Key Points After step one is finished, you are ready to create a virtual machine and set up the host cluster using the Hyper-V virtualization feature in Windows Server 2008.

• You can use Hyper-V to easily create a virtual machine with the New Virtual Machine Wizard.

• After you have your virtual machine residing on the shared storage, you can create the host cluster.

Question: What types of shared storage are compatible with Failover Clustering in Windows Server 2008?

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Step 3: Fail Over a Workload with Quick Migration

Key Points When your virtual machine is online, you can use quick migration to quickly move it between your host servers.

• To perform a quick migration, start in the Failover Cluster Management console.

• Right-click the virtual machine name; the Actions menu appears. You now have the option to move the virtual machine to another node and you can choose the destination node.

Question: What variables affect the amount of time required to complete a Quick Migration?

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Lesson 4 Monitoring Hyper-V Performance

Monitoring Hyper-V performance requires more than just using the Task Manager to view CPU usage. The Windows Server 2008 Performance Monitor provides 24 counter sets for Hyper-V that can be used to help you monitor and troubleshoot performance-related issues.

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Performance Monitor

Key Points • Windows Server 2008 includes Windows Reliability and Performance

Monitor, which provides you with tools to monitor and assess system performance and reliability.

• Do not use the Task Manager in the parent partition to view CPU usage information for virtual machines running on a Hyper-V server. For accurate CPU usage, you should use Performance and Reliability Monitor to view the data from Hyper-V performance counters.

Question: For workloads in your organization, what are typical bottlenecks?

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Troubleshooting Performance Issues

Key Points It is very difficult to get an exact look at CPU usage due to virtual machine CPU usage happening in several different places.

• One place that CPU cycles are consumed is inside the child partition. The Hyper-V manager displays CPU usage for child partitions. Additionally, the child partition CPU usage can be found in the Performance Monitor through the % Guest Run Time counter, which is found in the Hyper-V Hypervisor Virtual Processor section of counters.

• Another location that can use CPU cycles is in the hypervisor when it is handling intercepts, switching contexts, and performing other tasks. This CPU usage can be tracked using the Performance Monitor % Hypervisor Run Time counter, which is found in the Hyper-V Hypervisor Virtual Processor section of counters.

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• Another place that CPU gets used is in the worker process in the parent partition. Each running virtual machine has a worker process in the parent partition. This is where operations, like saving the state of the virtual machine or taking snapshots, is handled. It is also where emulated devices are run.

Question: What considerations would you include in CPU capacity planning decisions for a Hyper-V host?

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Lab: Managing Virtual Machines

Exercise 1: Configure Virtual Machine Settings

Scenario Contoso has implemented a virtualization solution utilizing Windows Server 2008 with Hyper-V. The Hyper-V servers are configured and the virtual machines have been installed and are hosting part of the company’s web site. You, as the system administrator, need to make sure that the virtual machines for the Contoso network have enough resources to perform as required.

In this exercise, you will configure necessary and optional virtual machine settings.


1. Configure critical virtual machine settings.

2. Configure non-critical virtual machine settings.

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Task 1: Configure critical virtual machine settings • Change processor, startup, and shutdown settings for SEA-WEB-01.

• Processor settings:

• Virtual machine reserve: 20%

• Virtual machine limit: 80%

• Relative weight: 75

• Start up and shutdown settings:

• Automatic Start Action: Always start automatically

• Automatic Stop Action: Save State

• Change processor and startup settings for SEA-SQL-01.







• Automatic Stop Action: Shut down

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Task 2: Configure non-critical virtual machine settings • Change processor, startup, and shutdown settings for SEA-WRK-001.







• Automatic Stop Action: Save State

Results: After this exercise, you will have successfully configured the VM settings for the virtual machines.

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Exercise 2: Monitor Hyper-V Performance

Scenario You need make sure that the virtual machines that are hosting the Contoso web site have enough resources to perform as required.

In this exercise, you will use the Performance Monitor to monitor the performance of the virtual machines.


1. Add counters to the performance monitor.

2. Use the performance monitor with the new counters.

Task 1: Adding counters to the Performance Monitor • Open the Performance Monitor.

• Add the % Processor Time counter.

• Add the Logical Processors counter.

• Add the Partitions counter.

• Add the Virtual Processors counter.

• Add the % Guest Run Time counter.

• Add the % Hypervisor Run Time counter.

• Add the % Total Run Time counter.

Task 2: Using the Performance Monitor • Start the SEA-APP-01 VM.

• Shut down the SEA-WEB-01 VM.

• Add a second logical processor to SEA-WEB-01 and start up the VM.

• Review the Performance graph.

Results: After this exercise, you will have experience with the new Hyper-V performance monitor counters.

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Review Questions 1. How is the Integration Services component installed on a virtual machine?

2. Why is high availability important when planning a virtualized environment?

3. What tool should be used to monitor the performance of a host and the VMs on the host?

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Migration of Virtual Machines to Hyper-V 6-1

Module 6 Migration of Virtual Machines to Hyper-V

Contents: Lesson 1: Migrating Legacy Virtual Machines 6-3

Lesson 2: Understanding the Impact of Migrated VMs 6-8

Lab: Migrating Legacy Virtual Machines to Hyper-V 6-11

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Module Overview

This module examines the process for migrating Virtual Machines from various legacy platforms to Microsoft® Windows Server® 2008 Hyper-V™. This module will also cover the impact of the migration to Hyper-V and what to be aware of when performing migrations.

As Hyper-V becomes more widely deployed throughout an organization, it is important to be able to both create new VMs and migrate existing VMs to Hyper-V. Migrating existing VMs to Hyper-V preserves the investment in those VMs.

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Lesson 1 Migrating Legacy Virtual Machines

Migrating a Microsoft Virtual Server or Microsoft Virtual PC is a simple process with only a few primary considerations. Likewise, importing and exporting Hyper-V virtual machines is simplified with the use of the wizards. Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager enables the management of VMware virtual machines.

This module describes which VM types can be migrated to Hyper-V.

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Migrate Virtual Server and Virtual PC VMs

Key Points When migrating a virtual hard disk (VHD) from Virtual Server 2005 or Virtual PC to Hyper-V the guest operating system needs to be prepared for the new location. For example, the guest operating system’s network configuration will need to be compatible with the new location. A change in hardware may mean that the product activation may be triggered on the guest operating system. After the guest operating system has been prepared for the new location, the VHD needs to be prepared for the migration. There are four simple steps in the migration of a Virtual Server 2005 or Virtual PC VHD:

1. First, the VM Additions must be removed.

2. After the VM Additions have been removed the VHD is copied to the new location.

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3. A new Hyper-V VM is created with the VHD.

4. The Integration Components (IC) are installed.

Question: Is there a scenario in which the ICs would not be installed on the guest operating system after migration?

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Import and Export VMs from Hyper-V

Key Points The Hyper-Vs import and export tools are used to move virtual machines from host to host. The Import tool will load the exported virtual machine, read the configuration file, and will then run the VM at the import location. The export tool gathers all related files of a Hyper-V virtual machine and places them into a specified folder.

Question: Other than to move a VM from host to host, what other use is there for the export tool?

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VMM and VMware

Key Points Sometimes it is not always possible to migrate a legacy virtual machine. For example, if you have a legacy VMware VM which you do not want to recreate or attempt to migrate , then a single management tool for use in mixed environments may be the right solution for you.

• The System Center family of products gives you the ability to manage physical servers alongside your virtual machines with a single set of integrated tools.

• System Center Virtual Machine Manager provides a single management tool for mixed environments.

• The Add a VirtualCenter wizard within the VMM will automatically import the ESX host records from a VMware Virtual Center Server (VCS).

Question: What are the benefits to using VMM to manage VMware VMs?

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Lesson 2 Understanding the Impact of Migrated VMs

The new Hyper-V Integration Services .replaces the Virtual Server 2005 and Virtual PC VM Additions and provides several new features. Additionally, there are potential issues to be aware of when attempting to move VMs to a new chipset. The information in this lesson will help you avoid these potential issues.

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Integration Services and VM Additions

Key Points Integration Components replace Virtual Server 2005 and Virtual PC VM Additions.

• Integrations components are sets of drivers and services that help Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V Virtual Machines maintain a more consistent state and perform better by enabling the guest to use synthetic devices.

• New features and improvements are included with the Integration Components. For example, the VMBus provides transport for synthetic devices, both of which are new features.

• As a best practice to ensure the most optimal performance, use the Integration Components synthetic devices whenever possible. Synthetic devices are new with Hyper-V and are designed to have the lowest overhead for devices.

Question: Why is it a best practice to always install the Integration Components if they are available for the guest operating system?

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Moving Virtual Server/PC VHD to Hyper-V

Key Points When moving a VHD from Virtual Server 2005 or Virtual PC the processor type will not adversely affect the booting of the Virtual Machine. However, there are times when the chipset difference is an issue:

• Moving Saved States of a virtual machine will not work when moving to a different chipset. The Saved States must be merged before moving a virtual machine.

• When a VHD is moved from Virtual PC or Virtual Server 2005 to Hyper-V, the virtualized hardware changes. This may cause the activation feature to trigger.

Question: When migrating a Virtual PC or Virtual Server 2005 VHD to Hyper -V, what are some things that you should have available?

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Lab: Migrating Legacy Virtual Machines to Hyper-V

Exercise 1: Migrate Existing Virtual Machines to Hyper-V

Scenario Contoso has decided to upgrade the old Virtual Server VMs to Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V and it is the administrators' task to make sure that the migration happens without incident. You have been given the first task of copying the VHDs and then creating the new Hyper-V VMs.

In this exercise, you will copy the VHD files to the new location and then use the Hyper-V management console to create a Hyper-V VM from the copied VHD files.


1. Copy the VHD files to the Hyper-V location.

2. Create the new Hyper-V virtual machines.

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Task 1: Copy the VHD files • Copy the two VHD files in the E:\Mod06\Labfiles to the Hyper-V Virtual Hard

Disks location.

Task 2: Create Hyper-V VMs • Create SEA-SRV-01 virtual machine using the WS03 VMAdd.vhd virtual hard

drive.

• Create SEA-SRV-02 virtual machine using the WS03 NoVMAdd.vhd virtual hard drive.

Results: After this exercise, you should have two virtual machines created. One will have the VM Additions still installed and the other will not.

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Exercise 2: Troubleshoot Issues on the Migrated VMs

Scenario To complete the migration of virtual machines from Virtual Server 2005 to Hyper-V you must install the Integration Components on the virtual machines.

In this exercise, you will install the Integration Components on SEA-SRV-01 and SEA-SRV-02.


1. Attempt to install Integration Components on SEA-SRV-01.

2. Install Integration Components on SEA-SRV-01.

Task 1: Connect to SEA-SRV-01 • Log onto the virtual machine.

• Uninstall the existing VM Additions software.

• Install the Hyper-V Integration Services.

Task 2: Connect to SEA-SRV-02 • Log onto the virtual machine.

• Install the Hyper-V Integration Services.

Results: After this exercise, you should have two virtual machines working with Hyper-V Integration Services installed.

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Review Questions 1. What is the first thing you should do before migrating a VM from Virtual PC or

Virtual Server 2005?

2. When migrating VHDs from Virtual Server 2005 or Virtual PC, when will a change in chipset become a potential problem?

3. How can you manage VMware VMs?

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Introduction to System Center Virtual Machine Manager 7-1

Module 7 Introduction to System Center Virtual Machine Manager

Contents: Lesson 1: Introducing System Center Virtual Machine Manager 7-3

Lesson 2: Managing Virtual Machines with VMM 7-11

Lab: Using VMM to Manage Hyper-V 7-25

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Module Overview

Server virtualization allows IT administrators greater control over provisioning and management of their server infrastructure. The Microsoft® System Center family of products is a comprehensive solution optimized for the management of Microsoft Windows Server® operating systems running in the virtual data center. System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 provides centralized administration of virtual machine infrastructure, helps increase physical server utilization, and enables rapid provisioning of new virtual machines by the administrator and authorized end users.

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Lesson 1 Introducing System Center Virtual Machine Manager

System Center Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) 2008 is specifically designed to work with Windows Server 2008 with Hyper-V™. Using VMM will give administrators a solution to manage their Hyper-V virtual machines.

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Discussion: Managing Hyper-V

Key Points Discuss the questions in a classroom discussion, led by your instructor, and determine the answers.

Question: What is your experience working with System Center applications?

Question: What are some concerns you may have managing Hyper-V?

Question: How does VM management differ from managing physical computers?

Question: How do you currently automate administration?

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IT Management with System Center

Key Points • The System Center family of products provides users with a complete IT

management solution.

• System Center Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) delivers support for consolidating multiple physical servers within a virtual infrastructure, thereby helping to increase overall utilization of physical servers. VMM also enables administrators and authorized users to rapidly provision virtual machines.

• System Center Data Protection Manager 2007 provides continuous data protection on physical and virtual machines for backup and business continuity.

• System Center Operations Manager 2007 provides a solution for unified health monitoring of physical and virtual machines.

• System Center Configuration Manager provides a solution for change and configuration.

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Question: If you are currently using virtualization technologies in your organization, what benefits have you noticed from using virtual machines instead of physical machines?

Question: If you aren't currently using virtualization technologies in your organization, what possible benefits could you see in your organization by using Hyper-V and System Center applications?

For more information, see “Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager General Overview” white paper.

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VMM Benefits

Key Points System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 (VMM) can provide and number of benefits to your organization. VMM:

• Helps automate common VM operations.

• Helps optimize VM placement and management.

• Integrates with Microsoft Windows® PowerShell™.

Question: Which VMM features would be useful in your organization?

For more information, see “About VMM Components.”

For more information, see “Top Ten Benefits of VMM 2008.”

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VMM Components

Key Points • Virtual Machine Manager Server – The Virtual Machine Manager Server is the

core process that communicates with the virtual machine hosts.

• Virtual Machine Host – VMM hosts are physical servers running the following virtualization software:

• Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2

• Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V

• VMware ESX

• Virtual Machine Library Server – The VMM library is a catalog of resources that can be used to create and configure virtual machines in VMM.

• Virtual Machine Manager Administrator Console – The VMM Administrator Console is a graphical user-interface (GUI) that allows administrators to effectively manage an environment of hundreds of virtual machines.

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• Windows PowerShell Command-Line Interface – The new Windows PowerShell command line shell and scripting language helps IT administrators more easily control systems and accelerate automation.

• Virtual Machine Manager Self-Service Portal – The VMM Self-Service Portal is an optional, Web-based component that a VMM administrator can configure to allow end users to create and manage their own virtual machines within a controlled environment.

• Microsoft SQL Server® Database – VMM stores performance and configuration data, virtual machine settings, and other virtual machine metadata in a local SQL Server 2005 database.

Question: Which components of VMM will you probably implement?

For more information, see “About VMM Components.”

For more information, see “System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008: General Overview" white paper.

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VMM 2008 Requirements

Key Points Be sure to provision adequate server hardware for your VMM servers.

• You must have x64 hardware and provide good RAM capacity.

• Ensure adequate disk space because VMM libraries can become quite large.

• Faster processors and more RAM will facilitate better VMM performance.

Question: Based on the VMM requirements, will you implement VMM on a dedicated or shared server?

For more information, see “VMM System Requirements.”

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Demonstration: Introduce VMM Interface

Question: How do you import virtual machines located on a host?

Question: What types of information can you view about a virtual machine?

For more information, see “What's New in System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008?”

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Lesson 2 Managing Virtual Machines with VMM

VMM provides a single location to create virtual machines. Virtual machines can be created from a pre-existing virtual hard disk, or you can use VMM to create a new virtual hard disk. In addition, VMM can be used to convert physical computers to virtual machines. After creating virtual machines, VMM gives you tools to effectively manage these virtual machines.

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Creating Virtual Machines with VMM

Key Points • In the Virtual Machine Manager Administrator Console, you can use the

following options in the Actions pane to open a wizard used to create virtual machines:

• New virtual machine – The New Virtual Machine Wizard can be used to create a new virtual machine from an existing virtual machine, template, or virtual hard disk stored in the library. This wizard can also be used to create a new virtual machine from a blank virtual hard disk.

• Clone virtual machine – The clone virtual machine action skips the initial New Virtual Machine Wizard page, Select Source, because the source is automatically set to be the existing virtual machine that was selected in Virtual Machines view.

• Convert physical server – The Convert Physical Server Wizard is used to perform physical-to-physical (P2V) conversions.

• Convert virtual machine – The Convert Virtual Machine Wizard is used to perform virtual-to-virtual (V2V) conversions.

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Question: List one or more scenarios when you would choose to create a virtual machine from a physical computer.

For more information, see “Creating Virtual Machines.”

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Converting Physical Computers to VMs

Key Points The P2V conversion process captures an image of the source disk and modifies the operating system and drivers to make them compatible with the Hyper-V emulated hardware. There are two P2V processes that you can use: online and offline.

• Online conversion does not require a restart of the source computer. VMM uses the Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) to create an image of the source machine.

• Offline P2V does not use VSS.

Question: For each type of conversion describe one or more scenarios where you would choose that conversion type.

For more information, see “Converting Physical Computers to Virtual Machines in VMM.”

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Converting VMware Virtual Machines in VMM

Key Points The process for running a V2V conversion from the UI is as follows:

1. Copy the .vmx file and each .vmdk file for the VMware virtual machine to the Virtual Machine Manager library.

2. Run the Convert Virtual Machine Wizard, which performs the following steps:

• Identifies the disk formats and characteristics of the virtual machine.

• Converts the .vmdk files to virtual hard disk files in Virtual Server (.vhd) that reside on the destination host.

3. VMM prepares the virtual hard disks and prepares for virtual machine creation.

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Question: Can you perform a V2V conversion from PowerShell?

For more information, see “Converting VMware Virtual Machines in VMM.”

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Discussion: V2V and P2V Conversions

Question: What are the benefits of V2V conversions?

Question: What are the benefits of P2V conversions?

Question: List three considerations for identifying virtualization candidates.

Question: Describe how you might prioritize virtualization candidates.

For more information, see “Converting VMware Virtual Machines in VMM.”

For more information, see “Converting Physical Computers to Virtual Machines in VMM.”

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Managing Virtual Machine States

Key Points Virtual machine states can be controlled from the VMM console. VMM controls VM state using the same options available in Virtual Server 2005 or Hyper-V.

• Consider the effect of saving VM state before using this option.

• Saving VM state may be more suitable for test and development environments.

Question: Would there be any undesired effects if you saved the state on a virtual machine configured as a domain controller?

For more information, see “Actions Performed on Virtual Machines in VMM.”

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Jobs

Key Points A job is created whenever any action is performed that changes the status of a managed object in VMM.

• Jobs are composed of steps that are performed sequentially to complete an action.

• A wizard might create multiple jobs.

• Each job is independent.

• Certain jobs require credentials to complete successfully.

• When a job completes, an audit record is saved that lists the changes that the job made to the VMM object.

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Question: How can administrators use jobs for virtual machine management?

For more information, see the Help topic “About Jobs.”

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Optimizing Performance Using VMM

Key Points To help administrators make placement decisions, VMM assists in selecting appropriate hosts. VMM produces an Intelligent Placement report to help administrators select the appropriate host for a given workload.

Question: What are the four factors VMM uses to rate hosts?

Question: For workloads in your environment, which workload rating factors are most important?

For more information, see “Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager General Overview" white paper.

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Reporting

Key Points The following reports are available in VMM:

• Virtualization Candidates – Helps identify physical computers that are good candidates for conversion to virtual machines.

• Virtual Machine Allocation – Provides information that is used to calculate chargeback to cost centers for virtual machines.

• Virtual Machine Utilization – Provides information about resource utilization by virtual machines.

• Host Utilization – Shows the number of virtual machines running on each host and the average usage and total or maximum values for host processors, memory, and disk space for the specified time period and host group.

• Host Utilization Growth – Shows the percentage of change in resource usage and the number of virtual machines running on selected hosts during a specified time period.

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Question: Describe one or more scenarios when you might use these VMM reports.

For more information, see the Help topic “Report Descriptions.”

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Lab: Using VMM to Manage Hyper-V

Exercise 1: Configure VMM

Scenario You, as the system administrator, have been given the task of configuring VMM to take advantage of the management features. VMM has already been installed; however, no configuration steps have been performed.

In this exercise, you will open the Virtual Machine Manager Administrator Console and add a new Hyper-V host to a host group.


1. Open Virtual Machine Manager Administrator Console.

2. Add a new host group.

3. Add a Hyper-V host.

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Task 1: Open Virtual Machine Manager Administrator Console

Task 2: Add a new host group • Add a new host group named Contoso.

Task 3: Add a Hyper-V Host • Use the Add Hosts wizard to add 6422-Hyper-V as a host.

• The Password is Pa$$w0rd.

• Add 6422-Hyper-V to the Contoso host group.

• Add E:\Hyper-V to the Virtual Machine Paths list.

Results: After this exercise, you should have added 6422-Hyper-V to the Contoso host group in the Virtual Machine Manager Administrator Console.

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Exercise 2: Manage Hosts

Scenario Contoso wants to view host and virtual machine information in a central location.

In this exercise, you will view host and virtual machine information and create a virtual network.


1. View host information.

2. View virtual machines.

3. Create virtual networks.

Task 1: View host information • View details for 6422-Hyper-V.contoso.com.

Task 2: View virtual machines • Use the Virtual Machines pane to view information about the SEA-WEB-01

virtual machine on 6422-Hyper-V.

Task 3: Create virtual networks • Add a new virtual network named VMM Network.

• Allow host access.

Results: After this exercise, you should have created a network named VMM Network.

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Exercise 3: Create a New Virtual Machine

Scenario You are given a task of creating a new virtual machine with 20 GB hard drive, 256 MB of memory and one processor.

In this exercise, you will create a new virtual machine on 6422-Hyper-V.


• Create a new virtual machine.

Task 1: Create a new virtual machine • Use the New Virtual Machine Wizard to create a new virtual machine with a

blank virtual hard disk.

• Name the virtual machine LON-DC-01.

• Change the hard drive size to 20 GB.

• Change the virtual machine memory to 256 MB.

• Add an additional processor.

• Choose the 1-processor 1.80 GHz Pentium 4 processor.

• Select VMM Network.

• Choose the option to Shut down guest OS when the physical server stops.

Results: After this exercise, you should have created a new virtual machine named LON-DC-01.

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Exercise 4: Create a VM from an Existing Hard Disk

Scenario There is an existing hard disk, and you are given the task of adding this hard disk as a new virtual machine in System Center Virtual Machine Manager.

In this exercise, you will create a virtual machine using an existing hard disk.


• Create a VM from an existing hard disk.

Task 1: Create a VM from an existing hard disk • Create a virtual machine named LON-DC-02 using the Blank Disk - Large

hard disk.


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Exercise 5: Convert a VMware Virtual Machine

Scenario You have some VMware virtual machines that Contoso wants you to covert to virtual machines that can be managed by VMM.

In this exercise, you will copy the VMware virtual machine files into the VMM library, and then perform the steps to convert the virtual machine.


1. Copy files to library share.

2. Refresh library.

3. Convert virtual machine.

Task 1: Copy files to library share • Copy the SEA-APP-01.vmdk and Windows Server 2003 Enterprise

Edition.vmx files from E:\Mod07\Labfiles to \\6422-Hyper-V.contoso.com \msscvmmlibrary.

Task 2: Refresh library

Task 3: Convert virtual machine • In the left pane, click Library.

• Start the Convert Virtual Machine Wizard.

• Select the SEA-APP-01 library resource.

• Change the memory to 256 MB.

• Select the VMM Network.

Results: After this exercise, you should have converted LON-EX-01 to a VMM compatible format.

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Exercise 6: VMM Administration

Scenario You are given the task to explore administration options and set placement defaults for virtual machines.

In this exercise, you will explore Jobs, set placement defaults for virtual machines and grant remote control access for the Administrator.


1. View job information.

2. Set placement defaults for virtual machines.

3. Grant user remote access.

Task 1: View job information • Open up the jobs listed in the Jobs pane.

Task 2: Set placement defaults for virtual machines • In the left pane, click Administration.

• In the details pane, double-click Placement Settings.

• Adjust the resource importance to make Memory free and Network Utilization very important.

Task 3: Grant user remote access • Grant Administrator Remote Control access.

Results: After this exercise, you should have viewed job details, set placement defaults for virtual machines and granted the user Administrator remote control.

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Review Questions 1. Why would you want to use VMM to manage virtual machines in your

enterprise?

2. What are the ways in which you can create virtual machines using VMM?

3. When would you want to use VMM to convert a physical computer to a virtual machine?

4. What tools are available for virtual machine management?

5. Describe one or more scenarios from your work environment where VMM automation might be beneficial.

6. Describe two or three ways VMM can help manage a datacenter with multiple Hyper-V hosts.

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Managing the VMM Virtual Machine Image Library and Checkpoints 8-1

Module 8 Managing the VMM Virtual Machine Image Library and Checkpoints

Contents: Lesson 1: Using the VMM Library 8-3

Lesson 2: Managing the Image Library in VMM 8-14

Lab A: Using the VMM Library 8-23

Lesson 3: Managing Checkpoints 8-33

Lab B: Managing Checkpoints 8-39

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Module Overview

System Center Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) can be used to manage virtual machines in your organization. Features in VMM facilitate easier virtual machine management. The VMM library provides access to resources stored on library servers. With the VMM library you have a single location to store file-based resources, virtual machine templates, guest operating system profiles, and hardware profiles as well as virtual machines that are not currently in use.

VMM checkpoints allow you to recover a virtual machine to a previous state. A typical use of checkpoints is to create a temporary backup before you apply update the operating system. The checkpoint enables you to restore the virtual machine to its previous state if the update fails or adversely affects the virtual machine.

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Lesson 1 Using the VMM Library

The VMM library is a catalog of resources used to create and configure virtual machines in the VMM console. The library contains files stored on library shares, and it contains operating system, hardware, and template configurations stored in the VMM database. Library resources are added, created, used, and managed in Library view.

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VMM Library Resources

Key Points Library resources include the following:

• Template - The combination of a guest operating system profile, hardware profile, and one or more .vhd files.

• Virtual Hard Disk - A virtual machine hard disk implemented as a .vhd file. Virtual hard disks can be either fixed size or dynamically expanding.

• Stored Virtual Machine - A managed virtual machine whose .vhd files and other properties are stored in the Virtual Machine Manager library.

• ISO image - A standard CD or DVD image file.

• Scripts - For example, PowerShell and Sysprep scripts. VMM uses Sysprep.inf files to configure guest operating systems during virtual machine creation.

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• Hardware Profile - A saved collection of settings that can be used to quickly define the hardware characteristics of a virtual machine.

• Guest operating system profile - A saved collection of settings that provide customization of the guest operating system.

Question: In what scenarios would you store a virtual machine in the library?

For more information, see "Virtual Machine Manager FAQ."

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Virtual Machine Templates

Key Points Any template includes the following primary components, whose settings define the characteristics of all virtual machines created by using a specific template:

• Virtual hard disk.

• Hardware profile components. Includes fields to specify CPU, memory, integrated device electronics (IDE) devices, SCSI adapters, and network adapters.

• Guest operating system components. These include fields to specify computer identity information, local Administrator password, product key, workgroup or domain.

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Question: Are there scenarios when you could use templates in your organization?

For more information, see "About Virtual Machine Templates."

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Types of Virtual Machine Templates

Key Points You can create a template based on an existing virtual hard disk, an existing template or an existing virtual machine that is currently deployed on a host server. You can use templates to create sets of virtual machines that share the same hardware and software configuration. In addition, you can create templates specifically for use by self-service users.

Question: In what scenarios would you use each template type?

For more information, see "About Virtual Machine Templates."

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Discussion: Utilizing the VMM Library


Question: What types of information would you store in the VMM library in your organization?

Question: In what ways would utilizing the VMM library ease the administrative burden in your organization.

Question: In what scenarios would templates reduce the amount of time required for administrative tasks?

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Hardware Profiles

Key Points Hardware profile specifications for a virtual machine include the following:

• CPU resources on the host available to a virtual machine.

• Memory on the host available to a virtual machine.

• A built-in virtual floppy drive.

• A built-in virtual IDE device, to which you can attach virtual DVD drives. You can also attach virtual hard disks on a virtual machine or template. You cannot attach virtual hard disks to a stand-alone hardware profile.

• One or more optional virtual SCSI adapters that you can add. On a virtual machine or on a template (but not on a stand-alone hardware profile), you can attach virtual hard drives to the virtual SCSI adapter.

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• Virtual network adapters.

• By default, a virtual network adapter that you add is not connected to a virtual network.

• Optionally, you can specify that a virtual machine created from this hardware profile be connected to an internal network or to an external network once the virtual machine is deployed on a host.

• Settings that specify the priority assigned to virtual machines that are created by using this hardware profile. The priority indicates how to use the host’s CPU resources in comparison to the use of the host’s CPU by other virtual machines that are deployed on the same host.

Question: How could you assign CPU priority for different hardware profiles in your organization?

For more information, see "About Hardware Profiles."

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Guest Operating System Profiles

Key Points In VMM, a guest operating system profile is a collection of operating system settings that can be imported into a virtual machine template to provide a consistent operating system configuration for virtual machines created from that template.

Question: What steps would you need to plan for creating a guest operating system profile in your organization?

For more information, see "About Guest Operating System Profiles."

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Demonstration: Introduce VMM Library

Question: Under what circumstances would it be beneficial to save a newly created virtual machine to the library?

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Lesson 2 Managing the Image Library in VMM

Virtual machine provisioning and virtual machine self-service allow administrators to control who has access to virtual machines, and the user accounts of who can perform actions of virtual machines.

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Managing the Virtual Data Center

Key Points Just like in the physical data center, IT administrators rely on certain tools to help them manage the virtual data center. The VMM library stores, sorts, and catalogs all the important building blocks for the virtual data center.

• Distributed Libraries - For geographically disperse organizations, VMM supports the use of distributed libraries.

• Library Creation - Creating VMM libraries is mostly an automated exercise.

• Library Management - The VMM library provides 10 free-form fields for entering metadata about library assets. The files on library shares are indexed in VMM during library refreshes.

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Question: How does the use of distributed libraries benefit geographically dispersed organizations?

For more information, see "Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager General Overview" white paper.

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Virtual Machine Provisioning

Key Points Administrators can quickly build new virtual machines from the Administrator Console through a variety of methods, including using templates and other resources found in the VMM library.

1. After selecting the appropriate template, a wizard-based flow that guides the administrator through configuration and then though the activation the virtual machine.

2. VMM collects performance data from potential hosts and suggests the optimal hosts for the new virtual machine based on a tailored algorithm.

3. Finally, the virtual machine is placed on the physical host.

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VMM provides a self-service Web portal where authorized test and development staff can provision their own virtual machine resources under preset controls.

• Administrators control access to physical servers and can designate host groups for individuals and groups.

• Authorized users work from templates and manage only the virtual machines that they, or their group, own.

• Additionally, administrators can set quotas on resources available to users.

• The delegated provisioning scenario doesn’t require a client on the host, and large numbers of users can be given delegated-provisioning privileges.

Question: What steps would you take to plan and implement delegated provisioning?

For more information, see "Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager General Overview" white paper.

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Virtual Machine Self-Service

Key Points There are several key virtual machine key features.

• Self-Service Policies – Virtual machine self-service enables the VMM administrator to grant users permission to create and operate their own virtual machines within a controlled environment on a limited group of virtual machine hosts.

• Virtual Machine Permissions – Virtual machine permissions set in the self-service policy determine the actions that a user or group can take on their own virtual machines.

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• Virtual Machine Ownership:

• Under shared ownership, all members of the group own, operate, and manage virtual machines that the group created according to the virtual machine permissions set in the self-service policy.

• Under individual ownership, each member of the group owns and manages his own virtual machines; other group members cannot see or operate the virtual machines.

• Applying Quotas to Virtual Machines – For self-service users who are allowed to create their own virtual machines, you can limit the number of virtual machines that the users can deploy at one time by setting a virtual machine quota in the self-service policy.

• Inheritance of Self-Service Policies – By creating child host groups of the host group that you use for virtual machine self-service, you can flexibly adjust a user’s capabilities in different contexts.

Question: In what scenarios would you use individual ownership over shared ownership?

For more information, see "About Virtual Machine Self-Service."

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Demonstration: Virtual Machine Self-Service Website

Question: In what scenarios would it be beneficial to allow users to store virtual machines in the library?

Question: In what scenarios would it be undesirable to allow users to store virtual machines in the library?

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Discussion: Virtual Machine Provisioning and Virtual Machine Self-Service


Question: How would you delegate virtual machine provisioning in your organization?

Question: What permissions would you give to users for self-service policies?

Question: What quotas would you set up for self-service policies in your organization?

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Lab A: Using the VMM Library

Exercise 1: Configure Library Resources

Scenario Contoso wants to provide a central location for virtual machine templates, profiles and ISO files. The company has decided to use the VMM Library to store all this information. You have been given the task of importing resources into the VMM library.

In this exercise, you will create a shared folder on the library server and then add files to this folder.


1. Show hidden files and folders.

2. Add a shared folder.

3. Add a library share.

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4. Add resources to the library share.

5. Configure library refresh.

6. Manually refresh library share.

Task 1: Show hidden files and folder • Open Windows Explorer.

• In the Folder Options dialog box, click Show hidden files and folders.

Task 2: Add a shared folder • In C:\ProgramData, create a folder named ContosoResources.

• Share ContosoResources.

Task 3: Add a library share • In the left pane, click Library.

• In the Library Servers pane, expand Library Server.

• Right-click 6422-HYPER-V.contoso.com, and then click Add library share.

• The Add Library Share wizard appears. In the Password field, type Pa$$w0rd.

• On the Add Library Shares page, select ContosoResources.

Task 4: Add resources to the library share • Copy the following files to C:\ProgramData\ContosoResources:

• E:\Mod04\Labfiles\6001.18000.080118-1840_amd64fre_Server_en-us-KRMSXFRE_EN_DVD.iso

• E:\Hyper-V\Virtual Hard Disks\WS03 VMAdd.vhd

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Task 5: Configure library refresh • In the Library Settings for ContosoResources change the Library refresh

interval to 2 hours.

Task 6: Manually refresh library share • In the Library Servers pane, right-click ContosoResources, and then click

Refresh Share.

Results: After this exercise, you should have created a shared folder, added the library share for the folder to VMM, and then added resources to the VMM library.

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Exercise 2: Work with Templates

Scenario Contoso wants to have a template that can be used to create virtual machines that have a Windows Server 2003 operating system. To test the template, you will also need to create a virtual machine using the template.

In this exercise, you will create a template and then create a virtual machine from that template.


1. Create a template.

2. Create a VM from a template.

Task 1: Create a template • Start the New Template Wizard.

• Create a template from the exiting virtual machine SEA-WRK-001.

• Name the template Contoso Windows Server 2003.

• On the Guest Operating System page:

• Change the domain to Contoso

• The Domain user is contoso\administrator

• The password is Pa$$w0rd

• Set the Admin Password to Pa$$w0rd

• On the Select path page, browse to ContosoResources.

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Task 2: Create a VM from a template • Start the New Virtual Machine Wizard.

• Create the new machine using the Contoso Windows Server 2003 template.

• Name the virtual machine SEA-APP-01.

• On the Guest Operating System page:

• Set the Full name to Admin

• Set the Product Key to XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX

Results: After this exercise, you should have created a new virtual machine named SEA-APP-01 from the Contoso Windows Server 2003 template.

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Exercise 3: Create Profiles

Scenario Contoso also wants to have a hardware profile and a guest operating system profile that can be used for creating virtual machines.

In this exercise, you will create a hardware profile named Default Hardware Profile that uses the Internal Network network, has a synthetic network adapter, and has 256 MB of memory. You will also create a guest operating system profile named Default Guest OS Profile with an Admin Password of Pa$$w0rd and a product key of XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX.


1. Create a hardware profile.

2. Create a guest operating system profile.

Task 1: Create a hardware profile • Create a new hardware profile.

• Name the profile Default Hardware Profile.

• Set the Network location to Internal Network.

• Add a Synthetic network adapter.

• Change the Virtual machine memory to 256 MB.

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Task 2: Create a guest operating system profile • Create a new guest operation system profile.

• Name the profile Default Guest OS Profile.

• Set the Admin Password to Pa$$w0rd.

• Set the Product Key to XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX.

• Change the Operating System to 64-bit edition of Windows Server 2008 Standard.

Results: After this exercise, you should have created a hardware profile named Default Hardware Profile, and a guest operating system profile named Default Guest OS Profile.

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Exercise 4: Deploy a Virtual Machine from the Library

Scenario Contoso has a virtual machine that is not in use. They want to start storing all virtual machines that aren’t in use in the VMM library for easy access and to ensure all virtual machines are stored in a central location.

In this exercise, you will create a virtual machine to store in the VMM library. Then you will deploy the VM to a host.


1. Create a New VM in the library.

2. Deploy a VM from the library.

Task 1: Create a New VM in the Library • Create a new virtual machine with a blank virtual hard disk.

• Name the virtual machine SEA-APP-03.

• Store the virtual machine in the library in the ContosoResources library share.

Task 2: Deploy a VM from the Library • In the details pane, click SEA-SRV-01.

• In the Actions pane, click Deploy.

• Complete the Deploy Virtual Machine wizard with default settings.


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Exercise 5: Create a Self-Service Policy

Scenario Contoso is using virtual machines more in the organization. To delegate virtual machine creation and administration, they want to start using the self-service portal. To begin using the self-service portal, you need to create self-service user roles.

In this exercise, you will create a new user role and then access the self-service website with the self-service user logon.


1. Create a self-service user role.

2. Open the self-service portal.

3. Create a new VM.

Task 1: Create a self-service user role • In the left pane, click Administration.

• In the Administration pane, click User Roles.

• In the Actions pane, click New user role.

• Name the user role Self-Service Users.

• Add Administrator as a member.

• On the Object Scope page, select Contoso.

• On the Virtual Machine Tasks page, select Only tasks explicitly checked in the ‘Approved tasks’ grid.

• Select the following: Start, Stop, Pause and resume, Checkpoint, and Local administrator.

• On the VM Creation Settings page, select Allow users to create new virtual machines.

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• Allow the users to create VMs from the Contoso Windows Server 2003 template.

• Set the Maximum quota points allowed to 10.

• On the Library Settings page, select Allow users to store virtual machines in a library.

• Set the Destination Folder to ContosoResources.

Task 2: Open the self-service portal • Open the Virtual Machine Manager Self-Service Portal.

• Logon as contoso##\administrator, password is Pa$$w0rd.

Task 3: Create a new VM • Create a new VM named SEA-APP-03.

• Set the Administrator Password to Pa$$w0rd.

• Set the OS Product Key to XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX.

Results: After this exercise, you should have created a self-service user role, logged onto the Self-Service Portal as bhoffman and created a new VM.

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Lesson 3 Managing Checkpoints

VMM checkpoints allow you to recover a virtual machine to a previous state. Although checkpoints shouldn’t be used for disaster recovery, checkpoints can be helpful when you upgrade software or make changes to a virtual machine. If necessary, you can use the VMM console to revert a virtual machine to a checkpoint. You also have several options for managing checkpoints in the VMM console.

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VMM Checkpoints

Key Points Checkpoints are similar to Hyper-V snapshots. Each checkpoint saves the state of each virtual hard disk that is attached to a virtual machine and all of the hard disk's contents, including application data files.

• By creating checkpoints for a virtual machine, you can restore the virtual machine to a previous state.

• The checkpoint allows you to restore the virtual machine to its previous state if the update fails or adversely affects the virtual machine.

• You can create as many as 64 checkpoints for any one virtual machine.

• Checkpoints are portable. When a virtual machine is migrated, stored, or deployed, any existing checkpoints move with the virtual machine.

Question: In what ways are Hyper-V snapshots similar to VMM checkpoints?

For more information, see "About Virtual Machine Checkpoints."

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Discussion: Checkpoints vs. Backups


Question: Should checkpoints be used as backups?

Question: How would you back up your VMM data?

Question: What do you need to protect your VMM data?

For more information, see "Backing Up Virtual Machine Manager."

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Using Checkpoints

Key Points There are several options available for managing checkpoints in VMM: create, edit, delete and restore.

Create a Checkpoint

• Checkpoints can only be created when a virtual machine is deployed on a host. Checkpoints cannot be created when a virtual machine is stored in the library.

• You can create a checkpoint by using the New checkpoint action for a selected virtual machine, or you can create and manage checkpoints while updating the properties of a virtual machine.

Edit a Checkpoint

• A checkpoint can be edited in the Manage Checkpoints dialog box.

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Delete a Checkpoint

• If a virtual machine is running on Hyper-V or VMware virtualization software, deleting a checkpoint deletes the reference without merging state. The virtual machine can no longer be restored to the checkpoint that was deleted. However, the virtual machine can still be restored to any other checkpoint, whether it was saved before or after the deleted checkpoint.

Restore a Virtual Machine to a Checkpoint

• Use the Restore action to restore a virtual machine to its state when a checkpoint was created.

Question: What are some precautions to take before you create a checkpoint on a virtual machine?


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Demonstration: Create a Checkpoint


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Lab B: Managing Checkpoints

Exercise 1: Perform Checkpoint Operations

Scenario Contoso wants to periodically create checkpoints to assist in virtual machine recovery.

In this exercise, you will create checkpoints for the virtual machines on 6422-HYPER-V.contoso.com. You will manage the checkpoints and delete and restore checkpoints as necessary.


1. Create a checkpoint.

2. View checkpoint properties.

3. Create a new checkpoint from the Properties dialog box.

4. Delete a checkpoint.

5. Restore a VM to a checkpoint.

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Task 1: Create a checkpoint • Create a checkpoint for SEA-SQL-01 in the Actions pane.

Task 2: View checkpoint properties • In the Actions pane, click Manage checkpoints.

• View the properties for the checkpoint that was created in Task 1.

Task 3: Create a new checkpoint from the Properties dialog box • Create a checkpoint for SEA-SQL-01 named SEA-SQL-01 Second Checkpoint.

Task 4: Delete a checkpoint • Delete SEA-SQL-01 Second Checkpoint.

Task 5: Restore a VM to a checkpoint • Restore SEA-SQL-01 to the checkpoint created in Task 1.

Results: After this exercise, you should have created a new checkpoint, viewed the properties of a checkpoint, deleted a checkpoint and then restored a VM to a checkpoint.

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Real-world Issues and Scenarios 1. A manufacturing company has a virtual machine already created and the want

to create five more machines with the same settings. How do you use the VMM library to do this? What steps would you advise the company to take?

2. A retail company has been running out of hard drive space on their VMM server. They store virtual machines, scripts, templates, and profiles in the library. In addition, they regularly create checkpoints of the virtual machines. There are also self-service policies in place. What steps would you advise this company to take to free up some hard drive space on the server?

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Windows PowerShell and Disaster Recovery 9-1

Module 9 Windows PowerShell and Disaster Recovery

Contents: Lesson 1: Using PowerShell to Manage Hyper-V 9-3

Lab A: Using PowerShell with VMM 9-21

Lesson 2: Virtual Machine Backup and Recovery 9-31

Lab B: Creating Backups 9-37

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Module Overview

Microsoft® System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 is a tool for managing virtual machines running on Microsoft Windows Server® 2008 with Hyper-V™. The System Center Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) command shell is built on Microsoft Windows® PowerShell®, an administrator-focused, interactive command-line shell and scripting language that is integrated into the Windows operating system. Disaster recovery is important whether you have physical machines or virtual machines. There are several methods to backup virtual machines, including Windows Server Backup.

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Lesson 1 Using PowerShell to Manage Hyper-V

Windows PowerShell and VMM each provide commands, called cmdlets, that you can use separately to perform simple administrative tasks or together with other cmdlets or command-line elements to perform complex tasks. You can use VMM cmdlets and scripts that are created by using these cmdlets as an alternative to, or in addition to, using the Administrator Console for centralized management of your physical and virtual system infrastructure.

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PowerShell Overview

Key Points PowerShell has object-oriented data handling, can incorporate pipelining of data, and requires scripts to be digitally signed.

Question: How can pipelining be useful when working with PowerShell?

For more information, see "Windows PowerShell Owner's Manual."

For more information, see "Windows PowerShell: Simple Commands. Powerful Administration."

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Benefits of Using PowerShell

Key Points Some benefits of using PowerShell include its power, simplicity, and safety features.

Question: In what ways can these benefits be realized in your organization?

For more information, see "Windows PowerShell Owner's Manual."

For more information, see "Windows PowerShell: Simple Commands."

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Windows PowerShell with VMM

Key Points • For even greater automation and control, System Center Virtual Machine

Manager 2008 (VMM) is fully scriptable using Windows PowerShell. The VMM console interface is layered on top of the Windows PowerShell objects, so that every Wizard action can show the associated command-line script.

• The Summary page of each wizard contains a View Script button that displays the Windows PowerShell cmdlets that the wizard will use to create and configure the new object based on your specifications.

• If you store your Windows PowerShell scripts in the VMM library, you can view, edit, or run the scripts in Library view.

• One administrator can create powerful scripts that others can use. Scripts are stored in a centralized location. Delegation model provides control of who has access.

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Question: What is the advantage of storing scripts in the VMM library?

For more information, see Help Topic: "Using the Windows PowerShell – VMM Command Shell."

For more information, see Help Topic: "Viewing, Editing, and Running PowerShell Scripts from the Library."

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Discussion: PowerShell Experience


• What is your experience with PowerShell?

• What is your experience with other scripting languages?

• How interested are you in learning about how to use PowerShell?

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How VMM Uses Windows PowerShell

Key Points Windows PowerShell and VMM each provide commands called cmdlets, that you can use separately to perform simple administrative tasks or together with other cmdlets or command-line elements to perform complex tasks. The VMM command shell includes all of the standard Windows PowerShell cmdlets and also provides a comprehensive set of cmdlets that are designed specifically for use with VMM. You can use these cmdlets to manage all functions in a VMM environment, including the following tasks:

• Adding and working with virtual machine hosts and host groups

• Adding the VMM library and maintaining the resources that it stores

• Creating and working with virtual machines that are deployed on a host or stored in the library

• Managing the virtual machine environment

• Creating virtual machine checkpoints

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• Backing up the VMM database

• Administering the virtual machine self-service feature

Question: What is the difference between a command and a cmdlet?

For more information, see "Appendix A: About Windows PowerShell for Virtual Machine Manager."

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Demonstration: Using PowerShell


For more information, see "Appendix B: Introductory Command-Line Tutorial."

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How the Administrator Console Uses VMM Cmdlets

Key Points The VMM Administrator Console is built on Windows PowerShell. The following synopsis of the standard call sequence for any hypothetical Administrator Console operation illustrates the integration of Windows PowerShell and the Administrator Console:

1. The Administrator Console makes a call to a Windows PowerShell cmdlet.

2. The Windows PowerShell cmdlet makes a Windows Communication Foundation call to the VMM server service.

3. VMM initiates a job if the operation changes state or is long-running and, therefore, needs to be audited or monitored asynchronously.

4. VMM makes SQL Server® calls, as necessary, to read and update the VMM database.

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5. VMM makes Windows Remote Management (WinRM) calls, as necessary, to access remote hosts on which virtual machines are deployed or to access remote library servers on which VMM library resources are stored.

6. WinRM calls, in turn, access Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) methods on VMM hosts or library servers. These WMI methods ship either in the operating system or as part of the VMM agent service.

All operations that you perform by using the Administrator Console in VMM are actually performing these tasks.

Question: Describe one or more scenarios in which you might directly use cmdlets in your organization.


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How Objects Represent All Entities in VMM

Key Points • Objects represent all entities in VMM:

• Each of the objects that Windows PowerShell for VMM uses is an instance of a .NET Framework class, which consists of data and operations that are associated with that data.

• An object is not the same as the entity that the object represents.

• You can use the standard Windows PowerShell cmdlet, Get-Member, to view the properties and methods of any object.

• You can use VMM cmdlets to manage all VMM objects at the command line.

• VMM objects differ from standard Windows PowerShell objects because all VMM objects are “live” and thus are kept synchronized with each other. Standard Windows PowerShell objects typically are not synchronized.

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Question: List one or more differences between an object and an instance of that object.


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VMM and WMI

Key Points Using WMI with VMM provides administrators with more options.

• VMM uses Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) for cross-product scripting. WMI is the Microsoft implementation of Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM), an industry-wide standard technology for accessing information about components of Windows-based computers in an enterprise environment.

• A WMI interface provides programmatic access to a system, enabling users to write command-line administration scripts and tools. This enables network administrators to collect and set configuration details on a wide variety of hardware, operating system components and subsystems, and application software.

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• WMI does not consolidate the management data in a central location; System Center Configuration Manager 2007 (SCCM) performs this function. Configuration Manager provides inventory collection, software deployment, and diagnostic tools; automates software upgrades; enables remote problem solving; provides asset management information; and monitors software usage, computers, and networks. This facilitates the management of multiple servers as a single system to increase availability and manageability of data and applications.

Key WMI Components

• Key WMI components include managed objects and WMI providers.

• WMI infrastructure – The WMI infrastructure is a Microsoft Windows operating system component. The WMI infrastructure has two components: the WMI service (winmgmt), including the WMI Core, and the WMI repository.

• The WMI repository is organized by WMI namespace.

• The WMI service acts as an intermediary between the providers, management applications, and the WMI repository.

• WMI consumers – A WMI consumer is a management application or script that interacts with the WMI infrastructure.

Question: List one or more advantages to using a standardized scripting interface.

For more information, see "Getting Started with PowerShell Scripting for VMM."

For more information, see "Accessing WMI From Windows PowerShell."

For more information, see "WMI Architecture."

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Hyper-V and PowerShell

Key Points • PowerShell can be used to manage Hyper-V.

• The primary cmdlet that will be used in PowerShell to access the virtualization WMI space is Get-WmiObject.

• Every time you access the virtualization WMI space, you begin the same way.

• To access the Virtualization WMI space you would first type Get-WMIObject –namespace root\virtualization.

• Then you access the class -class Msvm_Computer System. The physical computer and its hosted virtual machines are each represented by the ComputerSystem class.

• Then you need to address the Hyper-V parent, although this is not necessary if you are working on the local Hyper-V machine. You would type -computername localhost.

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Question: What would be the advantage of accessing the Hyper-V interface remotely on a Windows Server 2008 Server Core server?

For more information, see "About the Virtualization WMI Provider."

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Create a Simple PowerShell Script

Key Points • There are four types of execution policies: restricted, allsigned, remotesigned

and unsigned.

• The PowerShell extensions are .ps1, .psc1, and .ps1xml.

Question: Which execution policy would you use in a test environment? Why?

Question: Which execution policy would you use in a production environment? Why?

For more information, see "Getting Started with PowerShell Scripting for VMM."

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Lab A: Using PowerShell with VMM

Exercise 1: Introduce the VMM Command Shell

Scenario Contoso wants to be able to automate VMM tasks with PowerShell scripts. You first need to view the help topics in PowerShell to gain an understanding of how PowerShell works.

In this exercise, you will view help topics and output the help topics to a file.


1. Open the VMM command shell from the Start menu.

2. Display Help topics.

3. View Help topics as a text file.

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Task 1: Open the VMM command shell from the Start menu • The VMM Command Shell is located at Start | All Programs | Microsoft

System Center | Virtual Machine Manager 2008 | Windows PowerShell – Virtual Machine Manager.

Task 2: Display Help topics • Use the following commands to view help topics:

• Get-Help about_VMM

• Get-Help about_VMM_Tutorial

• Get-Help about_VMM_Scripting

Task 3: View Help topics as a text file 1. Save the about_VMM help topic to a text file using the following command:

Get-Help about_VMM | out-file c:\about_VMM.txt.

2. Save the about_VMM_Tutorial help topic to a text file named about_VMM_tutorial.txt.

3. Open and view the contents of c:\about_VMM.txt.

4. Open and view the contents of c:\about_VMM_tutorial.txt.

Results: After this exercise, you should have viewed help information for VMM PowerShell topics and saved the help topics to text files.

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Exercise 2: Use Basic PowerShell Cmdlets

Scenario PowerShell cmdlets let you perform tasks on VMM. You can use some of the basic PowerShell cmdlets to perform some actions on VMM, such as stopping the VMMAgent service.

In this exercise, you will list all PowerShell cmdlets, use the get-service cmdlet to list all services, and then stop and start the VMMAgent service.


1. List all PowerShell cmdlets.

2. Use PowerShell to manage services.

Task 1: List all PowerShell cmdlets • Use Get-Command to list all PowerShell cmdlets.

Task 2: Use PowerShell to manage services 1. Use get-service to list all services.

2. Stop the VMMAgent service.

3. Start the VMMAgent service.

Results: After this exercise, you should have successfully stopped and started the Virtual Machine Manager Agent service.

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Exercise 3: Use VMM Cmdlets

Scenario Contoso wants you to be able to manage VMM using PowerShell. In some situations, it will save you time using PowerShell over the VMM administrator console.

In this exercise, you will explore use VMM cmdlets to perform actions on virtual machines and view information from VMM.


1. List VMM cmdlets.

2. Connect to the VMM server.

3. Display specific properties of the VMM server.

4. Display all properties available for the VMM server.

5. Create a VM checkpoint.

6. Start a VM.

7. Get a list of failed jobs on a VMM server.

8. Backup VMM server.

Task 1: List VMM cmdlets 1. List all VMM cmdlets using the following command Get-Command -

PSSnapin Microsoft.SystemCenter.VirtualMachineManager.

2. Get detailed help about the new-VM cmdlet using the following command Get-Help New-VM -detailed.

Task 2: Connect to the VMM server • Type Get-VMMServer –Computername “6422-Hyper-V##.contoso##.com”

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Task 3: Display specific properties of the VMM server • Type Get-VMMServer –Computername “6422-Hyper-V##.contoso##.com”

| Format-List –property Name, FullyQualifiedDomainName, PlacementGoal, MemoryPriority, DiskIOPriority, CPUPriority, NetworkPriority

Task 4: Display all properties available for the VMM server 1. Type $VMMServer = Get-VMMServer –Computername “6422-Hyper-

V##.contoso##.com”

2. Type $VMMServer | Get-Member

Note: In PowerShell the $ symbol signifies a variable. In this example, you are storing the output in the VMMServer variable.

Task 5: Create a VM checkpoint 1. Type $Checkpoint = Get-VM | where {$_.Name – eq “SEA-SQL-01”} | New-

VMCheckpoint

2. Type $Checkpoint

Task 6: Start a VM • Start SEA-SRV-02 using the start-vm cmdlet.

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Task 7: Get a list of failed jobs on a VMM server • Type Get-Job | where {$_.Status –eq “Failed”} | Format-List –property

Name, ID, Status

Note: There may not be any failed jobs listed. The command will complete successfully if you don't receive any errors.

Task 8: Backup VMM server • Backup the VMM Server using the backup-vmmserver cmdlet to

c:\users\administrator.

Results: After this exercise, you should have successfully viewed properties of the VMM Server, created a Checkpoint for SEA-DC-02, started SEA-DC-02, viewed a list of failed jobs and backed up the VMM server.

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Exercise 4: PowerShell Scripts in VMM Wizards

Scenario Using PowerShell scripts can automate tasks and save administrator time. Contoso wants you to learn how to create scripts so you can automate VMM tasks.

In this exercise, you will save a PowerShell script from a VMM wizard and use this script to add a new library share.


1. Start the Add Library Share Wizard.

2. Save Add Library Shared Wizard Script.

3. View execution policy.

4. Set execution policy.

5. Verify execution policy.

6. Run Add_Library_Share.ps1 Script.

7. Verify new library share.

Task 1: Start the Add Library Share Wizard 1. In Virtual Machine Manager, start the Add Library Share Wizard.

2. The password is Pa$$w0rd.

3. Add the NewLibrary share.

Note: Do not complete the wizard in this task.

Task 2: Save Add Library Share Wizard Script 1. On the Summary page, click View Script.

2. Save the script as Add_Library_Share.ps1.

3. In the Save as type field, select All Files.

4. Close Notepad.

5. Cancel the Add Library Share Wizard.

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Task 3: View execution policy • At the Windows PowerShell – Virtual Machine Manager prompt, use the get-

executionpolicy cmdlet to view the current execution policy.

Task 4: Set execution policy • Set the execution policy to unrestricted.

Note: This is a not a secure setting and should only be used in testing scenarios.

Task 5: Verify execution policy • Use get-executionpolicy to verify execution policy is unrestricted.

Task 6: Run Add_Library_Share.ps1 Script 1. Type c:\users\administrator\documents\Add_Library_Share.ps1

2. The Windows PowerShell Credential Request dialog box appears. In the User name field, type administrator

3. In the Password field, type Pa$$word

Task 7: Verify new library share • In Virtual Machine Manager, in the left pane, ensure NewLibrary is listed

under 6422-Hyper-V##.contoso##.com.

Results: After this exercise, you should have saved the PowerShell script from the Add Library Wizard and then ran the script successfully.

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Exercise 5: Create a Simple VMM Script

Scenario In addition to using scripts from VMM wizards, you need to be able to create simple VMM scripts from scratch to automate tasks in VMM.

In this exercise you will create a simple VMM PowerShell script to list all virtual machines located on 6422-Hyper-V.


1. Create Get-VM.ps1.

2. Save Get-VM.ps1.

3. Run Get-VM.ps1.

Task 1: Create Get-VM.ps1 1. In Windows PowerShell – Virtual Machine Manager, type Set-Location

c:\users\administrator

2. Type notepad Get-VM.ps1

3. The Notepad dialog box appears. Click Yes.

4. The Notepad window opens. Type the following:

# filename: Get-VM.ps1 Write-Host write-host –backgroundColor blue "The following are virtual machines located on SEA-Hyper-V##:" get-vm –vmmserver sea-hyper-v##.contoso##.com | format-list –property Name, Owner, Description, OperatingSystem Write-Host # end of script

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Task 2: Save Get-VM.ps1 • Save the file.

Task 3: Run Get-VM.ps1 • At the PowerShell prompt type .\Get-VM

Results: After this exercise, you should have created and ran a PowerShell script that listed the virtual machines located on 6422-Hyper-V.

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Lesson 2 Virtual Machine Backup and Recovery

Planning for disaster recovery is important, especially with production virtual machines. There are several methods for backing up virtual machines including System Center Data Protection Manager and Windows Server Backup.

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Discussion: Plan for Disaster Recovery


• What are some best practices for designing a backup and restore strategy?

• What should your backup and restore strategy include?

• What are the components of Hyper-V and VMM that must be backed up to meet your disaster recovery needs?

For more information, see "Backing up and Restoring Virtual Server."

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Backup a Virtual Machine

Key Points Backing up virtual machines is an important step in disaster recovery.

• Hyper-V now supports volume shadow copy services (VSS), an automated backup feature that enables point-in-time backups of running virtual machines without any interruption.

• Combined with System Center Data Protection Manager (DPM) or other similar backup technologies from Microsoft partners, you can now take these snapshot backups and enable the data to be stored in secure locations, even offsite locations, for when it's needed.

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Question: Describe some considerations for deciding whether to back up the contents of a VM or the entire VM.

For more information, see "Protect your Virtual Environment."

For more information, see "What is Volume Shadow Copy Service."

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Other Backup Methods

Key Points • Back up all configuration and resource files - You can backup virtual machines

by using file backup software on the host operating system. You can use Windows Backup or another method.

• Back up running virtual machines- You can back up a running virtual machine in the same manner as a physical computer by installing backup software on the guest operating system and performing the backup. If your organization has a standard backup process for physical computers, you can use the same process for your virtual machines.

• Restoring using these methods - Restoring Hyper-V involves reinstalling Hyper-V and copying the backed up files into the appropriate locations in the file system.

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Question: In what scenarios would you use each of these backup methods?

For more information, see "How to back up virtual machines in Virtual Server 2005."

For more information, see "Backing up and restoring Virtual Server."

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Lab B: Creating Backups

Exercise 1: Use Windows Server Backup to Backup Virtual Machines

Scenario Virtual Machines in the Contoso infrastructure are crucial to business operations. Therefore backup of the virtual machines is important.

In this exercise, you will use Windows Backup to backup Hyper-V virtual machines.


1. Install Windows Server Backup.

2. Schedule a backup.

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Task 1: Install Windows Server Backup 1. Open Server Manager.

2. Start the Add Features Wizard.

3. Install Windows Server Backup.

Task 2: Schedule a Backup 1. In the console pane, expand Storage, and then click Windows Server Backup.

2. In the Actions pane, click Backup Once.

3. Complete the Backup Once Wizard:

• Custom backup.

• On the Select backup destination page, in the Backup destination list, click Local Disk (E:).

Note: The process may take 20 minutes. You may click Close if you are short on time.

Results: After this exercise, you should have scheduled a backup using the Backup Once Wizard.

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Review Questions 1. You try to list all cmdlets for VMM; however, you don't receive any results?

Why might this happen?

2. Why is the unrestricted execution policy not secure?

3. You want to add a new VMM host named Hyper-V-2.contoso.com with PowerShell. What command would you use?

4. You want to get detailed information about the remove-template cmdlet and store it in a text file. How would you do this?

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Course Evaluation

Your evaluation of this course will help Microsoft understand the quality of your learning experience.

Please work with your training provider to access the course evaluation form.

Microsoft will keep your answers to this survey private and confidential and will use your responses to improve your future learning experience. Your open and honest feedback is valuable and appreciated.

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Lab: Install Hyper-V and Perform Initial Configuration L1-1

Module 1: Introduction to Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V

Lab: Install Hyper-V and Perform Initial Configuration Exercise 1: Install Hyper-V

Task 1: Enabling the Hyper V role in Windows Server 2008 1. As part of setup, your instructor has ensured that the computer has hardware-

assisted virtualization with the No-Execute Bit enabled.

2. Log on to 6422-Hyper-V## as Contoso##\Administrator. To ensure each classroom has a unique computer name and domain, the Hyper-V servers have been assigned a two-digit number. When typing the computer name and domain throughout these labs, be sure to include these numbers.

3. On the Start menu, click Administrative Tools | Server Manager.

4. The Server Manager window opens. Maximize the window.

5. In the details pane, scroll down, and then click Add Roles.

6. The Add Roles Wizard appears. Click Next.

7. On the Select Server Roles page, select Hyper-V, and then click Next.

8. On the Hyper-V page, click Next.

9. On the Create Virtual Network page, select Local Area Connection, and then click Next.

10. On the Confirm Installation Selections page, click Install.

11. On the Installation Results page, click Close.

12. The Add Roles Wizard dialog box appears. Click Yes.

13. After the server restarts, log on as the domain administrator.

14. The Resume Configuration Wizard appears. Review the messages, and then click Close.

Results: After this exercise, you should have successfully installed the Hyper-V role.

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L1-2 Module 1: Introduction to Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V

Exercise 2: Explore the Hyper-V Management Console

Task 1: Exploring Hyper-V Manager 1. On the Start menu, click Administrative Tools | Hyper-V Manager.

2. The Hyper-V Manager window opens. Maximize the window.

3. In the console tree, click Hyper-V Manager.

4. In the details pane, review the information in the Introduction and Resources sections.

5. In the Actions pane, click Connect to Server.

6. The Select Computer dialog box appears. Click Cancel.

7. In the console tree, click 6422-HYPER-V. Review the sections of the details pane.

8. In the Actions pane, click Hyper-V Settings.

9. The Hyper-V Settings dialog box appears. Review the server level settings for Hyper-V. Click Cancel.

10. In the Actions pane, click Virtual Network Manager.

11. The Virtual Network Manager dialog box appears. Review the settings for Virtual Networks. Click Cancel.

12. In the Actions pane, click New. Review the wizards for creating Virtual Machine, Hard Disk and Floppy Disk.

13. In the Actions pane, click Import Virtual Machine. You can only import Virtual Machines that have been created and exported in Hyper-V.

14. The Imported Virtual Machines dialog box appears. In the Import Path field, type E:\Mod01\Labfiles\SEA-SQL-01, and then click Import.

15. In Virtual Machines pane, click SEA-SQL-01.

16. In the Actions pane, click Start, and then click Connect.

17. The SEA-SQL-01 on 6422-Hyper-V – Virtual Machine Connection window opens. Explore the menu and toolbar options. Experiment with working on the virtual machine. When finished, close this window.

Results: After this exercise, you should have become familiar with Hyper V Manager.

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Lab: Configuring Hyper-V and Virtual Networks L2-3


Lab: Configuring Hyper-V and Virtual Networks Exercise 1: Configure Hyper-V Server Settings

Task 1: Configuring Hyper-V server settings 1. Restore Hyper-V Manager.

2. In the Actions pane, click Hyper-V Settings.

3. The Hyper-V Settings dialog box appears. In the Specify the default folder to store virtual hard disk files field, type E:\Hyper-V\Virtual Hard Disks.

4. In the left pane, click Virtual Machines.

5. In the Specify the default folder to store virtual machine configuration files field, type E:\Hyper-V. Click OK.

6. In the Actions pane, click New | Virtual Machine.

7. The New Virtual Machine Wizard appears. Click Next.

8. On the Specify Name and Location page, in the Name field, type SEA-SQL-02, and then click Next.

9. On the Assign Memory page, in the Memory field, type 1024. Click Next.

10. On the Configure Networking page, in the Connection list, click the Virtual Network Adapter. Click Next.

11. On the Connect Virtual Hard Disk page, click Next.

12. On the Installation Options page, click Next.

13. On the Completing the New Virtual Machine Wizard page, click Finish.

14. In the Virtual Machines pane, click SEA-SQL-02.

15. In the Actions pane, under SEA-SQL-02, click Settings.

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L2-4 Module 2: Configure Hyper-V Settings and Virtual Networks

16. The Settings for SEA-SQL-02 dialog box appears. In the left pane, under Hardware, click Memory. In the Memory field, type 512.

17. In the left pane, click Processor. In the Number of logical processors list, click 2.

18. Review the settings under Resource control. Review the information available through the More about resource control link. Click OK.

Results: After this exercise, you will have successfully configured the Hyper-V Server Settings and created a new virtual machine.

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Lab: Configuring Hyper-V and Virtual Networks L2-5

Exercise 2: Configure Hyper-V Virtual Networks

Task 1: Configuring Hyper-V virtual network settings 1. In the Actions pane, click Virtual Network Manager.

2. In the left pane, click the existing Virtual Network.

3. In the Name field, type Enterprise.

4. Under Connection type, click External. Click the physical network adapter, and then click Apply.

5. If the Apply Networking Changes dialog box appears, click Yes.

6. In the left pane, click New virtual network.

7. In the right pane, click Internal, and then click Add.

8. In the Name field, type Test Environment.

9. Under Connection type, click Internal only. Click Apply.


11. In the left pane, click New virtual network.

12. In the right pane, click Private, and then click Add.

13. In the Name field, type Isolated.

14. Under Connection type, click Private virtual machine network. Click OK.



17. In the Actions pane, under SEA-SQL-02, click Settings.

18. The Settings for SEA-SQL-02 dialog box appears. In the left pane, under Hardware, click Network Adapter.

19. In the right pane, in the Network list, click Test Environment.

20. Review the additional settings available, and then click OK.

Results: After this exercise, you will have configured Hyper-V Virtual Network Settings

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Lab: Accessing and Managing Hyper-V Remotely L3-7

Module 3: Hyper-V Remote Administration

Lab: Accessing and Managing Hyper-V Remotely Exercise 1: Configure the Windows Firewall

Task 1: Configuring the Windows Firewall 1. On the Start menu, click Administrative Tools | Windows Firewall with

Advanced Security.

2. The Windows Firewall with Advanced Security window opens. Maximize the window.

3. In the console tree, click Inbound Rules.

4. In the details pane, double-click Hyper-V - WMI (Async-In). Review the settings, and then click Cancel.

5. Double-click Hyper-V - WMI (DCOM-In). Review the settings, and then click Cancel.

6. Double-click Hyper-V - WMI (TCP-In). Review the settings, and then click Cancel.

7. Double-click Hyper-V (RPC). Review the settings, and then click Cancel.

8. Double-click Hyper-V (RPC-EPMAP). Review the settings, and then click Cancel.

9. Double-click Hyper-V (SPL-TCP-In). Review the settings, and then click Cancel.

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L3-8 Module 3: Hyper-V Remote Administration

10. Double-click Hyper-V Management Clients - WMI (Async-In). Review the settings, and then click Cancel.

11. Double-click Hyper-V Management Clients - WMI (DCOM-In). Review the settings, and then click Cancel.

12. Double-click Hyper-V Management Clients - WMI (TCP-In). Review the settings, and then click Cancel.

13. In the console tree, click Outbound Rules.

14. In the details pane, double-click Hyper-V - WMI (TCP-Out). Review the settings, and then click Cancel.

15. Double-click Hyper-V Management Clients - WMI (TCP-Out). Review the settings, and then click Cancel.

16. Close Windows Firewall with Advanced Security.

Results: After this exercise, you should have reviewed the Windows Firewall with Advanced Security settings for remotely managing Hyper-V.

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Lab: Accessing and Managing Hyper-V Remotely L3-9

Exercise 2: Install the Hyper-V Manager on Windows Vista

Task 1: Import and start SEA-WRK-001 1. Restore Hyper-V Manager.

2. In the Actions pane, click Import Virtual Machine.

3. The Import Virtual Machine dialog box appears. In the Import path field, type E:\Mod03\Labfiles\SEA-WRK-001. Click Import.

4. In the details pane, click SEA-WRK-001.

5. In the Actions pane, click Settings.

6. The Settings for SEA-WRK-001 dialog box appears. In the left pane, click Network Adapter.

7. In the right page, in the Network list, click Enterprise. Click OK.

8. In the Actions pane, click Start.

Task 2: Installing the Hyper-V manager on Windows Vista 1. In the Actions pane, click Connect.

2. The SEA-WRK-001 on local host window opens. Perform the following steps within the SEA-WRK-001 virtual machine.

3. On the Start menu, right-click Computer, and then click Properties.

4. The System window opens. Maximize the window.

5. Under Windows edition, confirm that Service Pack 1 is installed.

6. In the address bar, type C:\Mod03\Labfiles, and then press ENTER.

7. Double-click Windows6.0-KB952627-x86.

8. The User Account Control (UAC) dialog box appears. Click Continue.

9. The Windows Update Standalone Installer dialog box appears. Click OK.

10. The Download and Install Updates dialog box appears. When installation completes, click Close.

Results: After this exercise, you should have installed the Hyper-V Manager on Windows Vista.

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L3-10 Module 3: Hyper-V Remote Administration

Exercise 3: Connect to the Hyper-V Server Remotely

Task 1: Connecting to the Hyper-V server remotely 1. On the Start menu, click Control Panel.

2. The Control Panel window opens. Maximize the window.

3. Click System and Maintenance, and then click Administrative Tools.

4. Double-click Hyper-V Manager.

5. The UAC dialog box appears. Click Continue.

6. The Hyper-V Manager window opens. Maximize the window.

7. In the Actions pane, click Connect to Server.

8. The Select Computer dialog box appears. Click Another Computer.

9. In the Computer Name field, type 6422-HYPER-V##. Click OK.

10. Review the message in the Virtual Machines pane. In order to manage Hyper-V remotely, you must connect using a domain user account that has permissions to manage the Hyper-V server.

11. In the SEA-WRK-001 on localhost window, click the Shutdown toolbar button.

12. The Shut Down Machine dialog box appears. Click Shut Down.

13. After the operating system shuts down, close SEA-WRK-001 on localhost.

Results: After this exercise, you should have connecting to the Hyper-V server remotely.

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Lab: Creating Virtual Hard Drives and Virtual Machines L4-11

Module 4: Creating Virtual Hard Drives and Virtual Machines

Lab: Creating Virtual Hard Drives and Virtual Machines Exercise 1: Creating New Virtual Hard Drives

Task 1: Creating a new virtual hard drive 1. Restore Hyper-V Manager.

2. In the Actions pane, click New | Hard Disk.

3. The New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard appears. Review the information available through the More about virtual hard disks link. Click Next.

4. On the Choose Disk Type page, review the descriptions under each virtual hard drive type.

5. Click Dynamically expanding, and then click Next.

6. On the Specify Name and Location page, in the Name field, type SEA-WEB-01.

7. Next to the Location field, click Browse.

8. The Select Folder dialog box appears. Browse to E:\Hyper-V\Virtual Hard Disks\, and then click OK. Click Next.

9. On the Configure Disk page, click Create a new blank virtual hard disk.

10. In the Size field, type 250, and then click Next.

11. On the Completing the New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard page, review the settings, and then click Finish.

12. On the Start menu, click Computer.

13. Navigate to E:\Hyper-V\Virtual Hard Disks. Verify the SEA-WEB-01.vhd file exists and note the size of the file.

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L4-12 Module 4: Creating Virtual Hard Drives and Virtual Machines

Task 2: Replicating an existing virtual hard drive 1. Right-click SEA-WEB-01.vhd, and then click Copy.

2. On the Edit menu, click Paste.

3. Right-click SEA-WEB-01 – Copy.vhd, and then click Rename.

4. Type SEA-WEB-02, and then press ENTER.

5. Minimize Windows Explorer.

Task 3: Creating a new virtual hard drive from a physical hard drive 1. Restore Hyper-V Manager.

2. In the Actions pane, click New | Hard Disk.

3. The New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard appears. Click Next.

4. On the Choose Disk Type page, click Next.

5. On the Specify Name and Location page, in the Name field, type SEA-Hyper-V-01.vhd. Click Next.

6. On the Configure Disk page, click Copy the contents of the specified physical disk.

7. Restore Server Manager.

8. In the console tree, expand Storage, and then click Disk Management.

9. In the details pane, verify that the C:\ drive is on Disk 0.

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10. Minimize Server Manager.

11. In the Physical Hard Disk list, click \\.\PHYSICALDRIVE0. Click Next.

12. On the Completing the New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard page, review the settings, and then click Finish.

13. Restore Windows Explorer.

14. Verify the SEA-Hyper-V.vhd file exists and note the size of the file. It may take several minutes for the physical hard drive to be replicated to the Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) file. Press F5 to refresh as necessary. Depending on the size of physical drive, this process may take hours to complete.

15. Minimize Windows Explorer.

16. In the Creating the new virtual hard disk dialog box, click Cancel.

17. The New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard dialog box appears. Click Close, and then click Cancel.

Results: After this exercise, you should have 3 VHD files. Cancel the creation of SEA-Hyper-V-01.vhd creation.

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Exercise 2: Creating New Virtual Machines

Task 1: Create the SEA-WEB-01 virtual machine 1. Restore Hyper-V Manager.


3. The New Virtual Machine Wizard appears. Review the Before You Begin information, and then click Next.

4. On the Specify Name and Location page, in the Name field, type SEA-WEB-01. Click Next.

5. On the Assign Memory page, in the Memory field, type 512. Click Next.

6. On the Configure Networking page, in the Connection list, click Test Environment. Click Next.

7. On the Connect Virtual Hard Disk page, click Use an existing virtual hard disk.

8. Click Browse.

9. The Open dialog box appears. Click SEA-WEB-01.vhd, and then click Open.

10. Click Next.

11. On the Completing the New Virtual Machine Wizard page, review the settings.

12. Click Finish.

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Task 2: Add the second VHD to SEA-WEB-01 1. In the Virtual Machines pane, click SEA-WEB-01.

2. In the Actions pane, under SEA-WEB-01, click Settings.

3. The Settings for SEA-WEB-01 dialog box appears. In the left pane, click IDE Controller 0.

4. In the right pane, click Hard Drive, and then click Add.

5. Under Media, click Browse.

6. The Open dialog box appears. Click SEA-WEB-02.vhd, and then click Open.

7. Click Apply.

Task 3: Mount the operating system installation media 1. In the left pane, under IDE Controller 1, click DVD Drive.

2. In the right pane, under Media, click Image file.

3. Click Browse.

4. The Open dialog box appears. Navigate to E:\Mod04\Labfiles.

5. Click 6001.18000.080118-1840_amd64fre_Server_en-us-KRMSXFRE_EN_DVD.iso, and then click Open.

6. In the Settings for SEA-WEB-01 dialog box, click OK.

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Task 4: Connect to the Virtual Machine and install Windows Server® 2008 1. In the Virtual Machines pane, click SEA-WEB-01.


3. In the Actions pane, click Connect.

4. The Virtual Machine may be unable to capture the mouse until the Hyper-V Integration Services are installed. If this is the case, use the keyboard to start the Windows Server 2008 installation.

5. The SEA-WEB-01 on 6422-Hyper-V – Virtual Machine Connection window opens. When the Install Windows wizard appears, press ENTER twice.

6. On the Type your product key for activation page, click Next.

7. The Install Windows dialog box appears. Review the message, and then click No.

8. On the Select the edition of Windows that you purchased page, click Windows Server 2008 Enterprise (Server Core Installation).

9. Select I have selected the edition of Windows that I purchased, and then click Next.

10. On the Please read the license terms page, select I accept the license terms, and then click Next.

11. On the Which type of installation do you want page, click Custom (advanced).

12. On the Where do you want to install Windows page, click Next. The installation will now complete.

13. Close SEA-WEB-01 on localhost.

Results: After this exercise, you should have one virtual machine created from the previous exercises VHDs, and Windows Server 2008 installing on the VM.

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Lab: Managing Virtual Machines L5-17

Module 5: Virtual Machine Settings, Snapshots, and High Availability

Lab: Managing Virtual Machines Exercise 1: Configure Virtual Machine Settings

Task 1: Configure critical virtual machine settings 1. Restore Hyper-V Manager.

2. In the Virtual Machines pane, click SEA-WEB-01.

3. In the Action pane, under SEA-WEB-01, click Settings.

4. The Settings for SEA-WEB-01 dialog box appears. In the left pane, under Hardware, click Processor.

5. Review the information available through the More about virtual processors and More about resource control links.

6. In the Virtual machine reserve (percentage) field, type 20.

7. In the Virtual machine limit (percentage) field, type 80.

8. In the Relative weight field, type 75.

9. Click Apply.

10. In the left pane, under Management, click Automatic Start Action.

11. In the right pane, click Always start this virtual machine automatically.

12. In the left pane, under Management, click Automatic Stop Action.

13. In the details pane, review the settings.

14. Click OK.


16. In the Action pane, under SEA-SQL-01, click Settings.

17. The Settings for SEA-SQL-01 dialog box appears. In the left pane, under Hardware, click Processor.



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L5-18 Module 5: Virtual Machine Settings, Snapshots, and High Availability


21. Click Apply


23. In the right pane, click Always start this virtual machine automatically.


25. In the right pane, click Shut down the guest operating system.

26. Click OK.

Task 2: Configure non-critical virtual machine settings 1. In the Virtual Machines pane, click SEA-WRK-001.

2. In the Action pane, under SEA-WRK-001, click Settings.

3. The Settings for SEA-WRK-001 dialog box appears. In the left pane, under Hardware, click Processor.




7. Click Apply.


9. In the right pane, click Nothing.


11. In the right pane, click Turn off the virtual machine.

12. Click OK.

Results: After this exercise, you will have successfully configured the VM settings for the virtual machines.

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Exercise 2: Monitor Hyper-V Performance

Task 1: Adding counters to the Performance Monitor 1. On the Start menu, click Administrative Tools | Reliability and

Performance Monitor.

2. The Reliability and Performance Monitor window opens. Maximize the window.

3. In the console tree, click Performance Monitor.

4. In the details pane, review the Counter % Processor Time.

5. Click the Add toolbar button, the green plus sign (+).

6. The Add Counters dialog box appears. Select Show description.

7. In the Available counters list, scroll up and expand Hyper-V Hypervisor.

8. Click Logical Processors, and then click Add >>.

9. Click Partitions, and then click Add >>.

10. Click Virtual Processors, and then click Add >>.

11. Expand Hyper-V Hypervisor Logical Processor.

12. Click % Guest Run Time, and then click Add >>.

13. Click % Hypervisor Run Time, and then click Add >>.

14. Click % Total Run Time, and then click Add >>.

15. Click OK.

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L5-20 Module 5: Virtual Machine Settings, Snapshots, and High Availability

Task 2: Using the Performance Monitor 1. Restore Hyper-V Manager.

2. In the Virtual Machines pane, right-click SEA-SQL-02, and then click Start.

3. Right-click SEA-WEB-01, and click Shut Down.

4. The Shut Down Machine dialog box appears. Click Shut Down.

5. When the state of SEA-WEB-01 is Off, in the Actions pane, click Settings.

6. The Settings for SEA-WEB-01 dialog box appears. In the left pane, click Processor.

7. In the Number of logical processors list, click 2.

8. Click OK.


10. Restore Reliability and Performance Monitor.

11. Review the graph.

12. Click the Change Graph Type toolbar button (or press CTRL+G) to alternate the type of graphs.

Results: After this exercise, you will have experience with the new Hyper-V performance monitor counters.

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Module 6: Migration of Virtual Machines to Hyper-V

Lab: Managing Virtual Machines Exercise 1: Migrate Existing Virtual Machines to Hyper-V

Task 1: Copy the Virtual Server 2005 virtual hard disk (VHD) files to Hyper-V 1. Restore Windows Explorer.

2. Browse to E:\Mod6\Labfiles.

3. Click WS03 NoVMAdd.vhd, and then press CTRL+click WS03 VMAdd.vhd.

4. On the Edit menu, click Copy.

5. Browse to E:\Hyper-V\Virtual Hard Disks.

6. On the Edit menu click Paste.

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L6-22 Module 6: Migration of Virtual Machines to Hyper-V

Task 2: Create Hyper-V VMs 1. Restore Hyper-V Manager.



4. On the Specify Name and Location page, in the Name field, type SEA-SRV-01. Click Next.

5. On the Assign Memory page, in the Memory field, type 256. Click Next twice.


7. Click Browse.

8. The Open dialog box appears. Double-click WS03 VMAdd.vhd.

9. Click Finish.



12. On the Specify Name and Location page, in the Name field, type SEA-SRV-02. Click Next.

13. On the Assign Memory page, in the Memory field, type 256. Click Next twice.


15. The Open dialog box appears. Double-click WS03 NoVMAdd.vhd.

16. Click Finish.

17. In the Virtual Machines pane, click SEA-WEB-01, and then press CTRL+click SEA-WRK-001.

18. In the Actions pane, click Shut Down.

19. In the Virtual Machines pane, click SEA-SRV-01, and then press CTRL+click SEA-SRV-02.


Results: After this exercise, you should have two virtual machines created. One will have the VM Additions still installed and the other will not.

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Exercise 2: Troubleshoot Issues on the Migrated VMs

Task 1: Migrate the SEA-SRV-01 VM to Hyper-V 1. In the Virtual Machines pane, click SEA-SRV-01.

2. In the Actions pane, click Connect.

3. The SEA-SRV-01 on localhost window opens. After the server boots, click the CTRL+ALT+DEL toolbar button.

4. Click the mouse pointer inside the window.

5. Review the message at the bottom of the window.

6. Perform the remaining steps in this task within the SEA-SRV-01 Virtual Machine.

7. If the Service Manager dialog box appears, click OK.

8. Log on as Administrator. In the Password field, type Pa$$w0rd.

9. The Windows Protection Activation dialog box appears. Click No.

10. The New Hardware Wizard dialog box appears. Click Cancel.

11. Press RIGHTALT+LEFT ARROW to release the mouse.

12. On the Action menu, click Insert Integration Services Setup Disk.

13. The Virtual Machine Additions Detected dialog box appears. Review the message, and then click OK.

14. On the Start menu, click Control Panel | Add or Remove Programs.

15. The Add or Remove Programs window opens. Click Virtual Machine Additions, and then click Remove.

16. The Add or Remove Programs dialog box appears. Click Yes.

17. The Virtual Machine Additions dialog box appears. Click Yes.

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18. When the virtual machine reboots, log on as Administrator. In the Password field, type Pa$$word.




22. On the desktop, double-click My Computer.

23. Double-click Integration Services Setup (D:).

24. The HAL Upgrade Required dialog box appears. Review the message, and then click OK.

25. The Restart Required dialog box appears. Click Yes.

26. When the virtual machine restarts, log on as Administrator. In the Password field, type Pa$$w0rd.



29. The Hyper-V Integration Services dialog box appears. This process may take several minutes to complete.

30. The Files Needed dialog box appears. In the Copy files from field, type C:\Win2k3\I386, and then click OK.

31. The Installation Complete dialog box appears. Review the message, and then click Yes.

32. When the virtual machine reboots, log on as Administrator. In the Password field, type Pa$$w0rd.


34. The Virtual Machine is now ready for use on the Hyper-V server.

35. Close the SEA-SRV-01 on localhost – Virtual Machine Connection window.

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Task 2: Migrate the SEA-SRV-02 VM to Hyper-V 1. Restore Hyper-V Manager.

2. In the Virtual Machines pane, double-click SEA-SRV-02.

3. The SEA-SRV-02 on localhost window opens. After the server boots, click the CTRL+ALT+DEL toolbar button.

4. Click the mouse pointer inside the window.

5. Perform the following steps using the keyboard within the SEA-SRV-01 Virtual Machine.

6. Log on as Administrator. In the Password field, type Pa$$w0rd.




10. Press CTRL+ALT+LEFT ARROW. In the SEA-SRV-02 on localhost window, on the Action menu, click Insert Integration Services Setup Disk.

11. The HAL Upgrade Required dialog box appears. Review the message, and then click OK.

12. The Restart Required dialog box appears. Review the message, and then click OK.





17. The Files Needed dialog box appears. In the Copy files from field, type C:\Win2k3\I386, and then click OK.

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18. The Installation Complete dialog box appears. Review the message, and then click Yes.



21. The Virtual Machine is now ready for use on the Hyper-V server.

22. Close the SEA-SRV-02 on localhost – Virtual Machine Connection window.

Results: After this exercise, you should have two virtual machines working with Hyper-V Integration Services installed.

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Lab: Using VMM to Manage Hyper-V L7-27

Module 7: Introduction to System Center Virtual Machine Manager

Lab: Using VMM to Manage Hyper-V Exercise 1: Configure VMM

Task 1: Open Virtual Machine Manager Administrator Console 1. On the Start menu, click All Programs | Microsoft System Center | Virtual

Machine Manager 2008 | Virtual Machine Manager Administrator Console.

2. The Connect to Server dialog box appears. Click Connect.

Task 2: Add a new host group 1. In the Actions pane, click New host group.

2. Type Contoso, and then press ENTER.

Task 3: Add a Hyper-V host 1. In the Actions pane, click Add host.

2. The Add Hosts wizard appears. In the Password field, type Pa$$w0rd, and then click Next.

3. On the Select Host Servers page, in the Host server name field, type 6422-Hyper-V##, and then click Add.

4. In the Selected servers list, click 6422-Hyper-V##.contoso.com, and then click Next.

5. The Virtual Machine Manager dialog box appears. Review the message, and then click Yes.

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L7-28 Module 7: Introduction to System Center Virtual Machine Manager

6. On the Configuration Settings page, in the Add the selected new hosts to the following host group list, expand All Hosts, and then click Contoso.

7. Click Next.

8. On the Host Properties page, in the Add the following paths field, type E:\Hyper-V. Click Add, and then click Next.

9. On the Summary page, click Add Hosts.

10. The Jobs window opens. Maximize the window. Review the status and description of each job. When the jobs finish, close the Jobs window.

11. In the details pane, under 6422-Hyper-V##.Contoso.com, review the CPU, Memory, Storage, Operating system, Virtualization software, and Virtual machines information. It may take several minutes for this information to populate.

Results: After this exercise, you should have added 6422-Hyper-V to the Contoso host group in the Virtual Machine Manager Administrator Console.

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Exercise 2: Manage Hosts

Task 1: View host information 1. In the details pane, double-click 6422-Hyper-V##.Contoso.com.

2. The Host Properties for 6422-Hyper-V##.Contoso.com dialog box appears. Review the information available for this VM Host on each of the tabs.

3. Click Cancel.

Task 2: View virtual machines 1. In the left pane, click Virtual Machines.

2. In the details pane, double-click SEA-WEB-01.

3. The Virtual Machine Properties for SEA-WEB-01 dialog box appears. Review the information available for this VM on each of the tabs.

4. Click Cancel.

5. In the details pane, click SEA-SRV-01, and then press CTRL+click SEA-SRV-02.

6. In the Actions pane, click Shut down.


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Task 3: Create virtual networks 1. In the left pane, click Hosts.

2. In the details pane, double-click 6422-Hyper-V.contoso.com.

3. The Host Properties for 6422-Hyper-V##.Contoso.com dialog box appears. Click the Networking tab.

4. Click Add.

5. In the Name field, type VMM Network.

6. Under Network bindings, click Physical network adapter.

7. Select Host access.

8. Click OK.


Results: After this exercise, you should have created a network named VMM Network.

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Exercise 3: Create a New Virtual Machine

Task 1: Create a new virtual machine 1. In the Actions pane, click New virtual machine.

2. The New Virtual Machine wizard appears. Click Create the new virtual machine with a blank virtual hard disk, and then click Next.

3. On the Virtual Machine Identity page, in the Virtual machine name field, type LON-DC-01. Click Next.

4. On the Configure Hardware page, in the Size field, type 20.

5. In the left pane, under Hardware Profile, click Memory.

6. In the Virtual machine memory field, type 256.

7. In the left pane, under Hardware Profile, click Processor.

8. Under CPU, in the Number of CPUs list, click 2.

9. In the CPU type list, click 1.80 GHz Pentium 4.

10. Click Next.

11. On the Select Destination page, review the options, and then click Next.

12. On the Select Host page, click 6422-Hyper-V##.Contoso.com.

13. Review the tabs under Details, and then click Next.

14. On the Select Path page, click Next.

15. On the Select Networks page, in the Virtual Network list, click Internal Network-VMM Network.

16. Click Next.

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17. On the Additional Properties page, in the Action when physical server stops list, click Shut down guest OS.

18. Under Operating system, in the Specify the operating system you will install in the virtual machine list, review the available options. Click Windows Server 2003 Enterprise x64 Edition.

19. Click Next.

20. On the Summary page, click Create.

21. The Jobs window opens. Review the jobs required to create the virtual machine. When all the jobs complete, close the Jobs window.


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Exercise 4: Create a VM from an Existing Hard Disk

Task 1: Create a new VM from an existing hard disk 1. In the Actions pane, click New virtual machine.

2. The New Virtual Machine wizard appears. Click Browse.

3. The Select Virtual Machine Source dialog box appears. Click Blank Disk – Large, and then click OK. Click Next.

4. On the Virtual Machine Identity page, in the Virtual machine name field, type LON-DC-02, and then click Next.

5. On the Configure Hardware page, click Next.

6. On the Select Destination page, click Next.

7. On the Select Host page, click Next.


9. On the Select Networks page, in the Virtual Network list, click VMM Network.

10. Click Next.

11. On the Additional Properties page, click Next.




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Exercise 5: Convert a VMware Virtual Machine

Task 1: Copy files to library share 1. On the Start menu, click Computer.

2. The Windows Explorer window opens. Navigate to E:\ Mod07\Labfiles.

3. Click SEA-APP-01.vmdk, and then CTRL-click Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition.vmx.

4. On the Edit menu, click Copy.

5. In the address bar, type \\6422-Hyper-V##.contoso.com\msscvmmlibrary, and then press ENTER.

6. On the Edit menu, click Paste.

7. Wait for the copy process to complete.

8. Close Windows Explorer.

Task 2: Refresh library 1. Restore Virtual Machine Manager.

2. In the left pane, click Library.

3. In the Library Servers pane, click 6422-Hyper-V.Contoso.com.

4. In the Actions pane, Under Library Server, click Refresh.

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Task 3: Convert virtual machine 1. In the Actions pane, click Convert virtual machine.

2. The Convert Virtual Machine Wizard appears. Click Browse.

3. The Select Virtual Machine Source dialog box appears. Click SEA-APP-01, and then click OK. Click Next.

4. On the Virtual Machine Identity page, click Next.

5. On the Virtual Machine Configuration page, in the Memory field, type 256. Click Next.

6. On the Select Host page, click 6422-Hyper-V##.Contoso.com, and then click Next.


8. On the Select Networks page, in the Virtual Network list, click VMM Network.

9. Click Next.


11. On the Summary Page, click Create.


Results: After this exercise, you should have converted LON-EX-01 to a VMM compatible format.

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Exercise 6: VMM Administration

Task 1: View job information 1. In the left pane, click Jobs.

2. In the details pane, click Virtual-to-virtual conversion.

3. At the bottom of the details pane, click the Details tab, and then review the steps and progress.

4. Click the Change Tracking tab.

5. Review the Property, Previous Value, and New Value information.

Task 2: Set placement defaults for virtual machines 1. In the left pane, click Administration, and then click General.

2. In the details pane, double-click Placement Settings.

3. The Placement Settings dialog box appears. Set Memory free to Very Important.

4. Set Network Utilization to Very Important.

5. Click OK.

Task 3: Grant user remote access 1. In the details pane, double-click Remote Control.

2. The Remote Control dialog box appears. Click Add.

3. In the Enter the object name to select field, type Administrator.

4. Click Check Names.

5. Click OK twice.

Results: After this exercise, you should have viewed job details, set placement defaults for virtual machines and granted the user Administrator remote control.

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Lab A: Using the VMM Library L8-37

Module 8: Managing the VMM Virtual Machine Image Library and Checkpoints

Lab A: Using the VMM Library Exercise 1: Configure Library Resources

Task 1: Show hidden files and folders 1. Restore Windows Explorer.

2. On the Tools menu, click Folder Options.

3. The Folder Options dialog box appears. Click the View tab.

4. In the Advanced settings field, under Hidden files and folders, select Show hidden files and folders.

5. Click OK.

Task 2: Add a shared folder 1. Navigate to C:\ProgramData.

2. On the File menu, click New | Folder.

3. Type ContosoResources, and then press ENTER.

4. Right-click ContosoResources, and then click Share.

5. The File Sharing dialog box appears. Click Share, and then click Done.

Task 3: Add a library share 1. Restore Virtual Machine Manager.


3. In the Resources pane, click 6422-HYPER-V##.contoso.com.

4. Right-click 6422-HYPER-V##.contoso.com, and then click Add library share.

5. The Add Library Share wizard appears. Select ContosoResources, and then click Next.

6. On the Summary page, click Add Library Shares.

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L8-38 Module 8: Managing the VMM Virtual Machine Image Library and Checkpoints

Task 4: Add resources to the library share 1. Restore Windows Explorer.

2. Navigate to E:\Mod04\Labfiles, and then click 6001.18000.080118-1840_amd64fre_Server_en-us-KRMSXFRE_EN_DVD.iso.

3. On the Edit menu, click Copy To Folder.

4. The Copy Items dialog box appears. Navigate to C:\ProgramData\ContosoResources, and then click Copy.

5. Navigate to E:\Hyper-V\Virtual Hard Disks, and then click WS03 VMAdd.vhd.

6. On the Edit menu, click Copy To Folder.

7. The Copy Items dialog box appears. Navigate to C:\ProgramData\ContosoResources, and then click Copy.

Task 5: Configure library refresh 1. Restore Virtual Machine Manager.

2. In the Resources pane, click 6422-HYPER-V.contoso.com | ContosoResources.

3. In the Actions pane, click Library settings.

4. The Library Settings dialog box appears. In the Library refresh interval (hours) field, type 2, and then click OK.

Task 6: Manually refresh library share • In the Library Servers pane, right-click ContosoResources, and then click

Refresh.

Results: After this exercise, you should have created a shared folder, added the library share for the folder to VMM, and then added resources to the VMM library.

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Exercise 2: Work with Templates

Task 1: Create a template 1. In the Actions pane, click New template.

2. The New Template Wizard appears. Click From an existing virtual machine currently located on a host.

3. Click Browse.

4. The Select Template Source dialog box appears. Click SEA-WRK-001, and then click OK.

5. Click Next.


7. On the Template Identity page, in the Template name field, type Contoso Windows Server 2003.

8. Click Next.


10. On the Guest Operating System page, under Networking, click Domain / Workgroup.

11. Click Domain.

12. In the Domain field, type Contoso.

13. In the Domain user field, type contoso\administrator.

14. In the Password and Confirm fields, type Pa$$w0rd.

15. Under General Settings, click Admin Password.


17. Click Next.

18. On the Select Library Server page, click Next.

19. On the Select path page, click Browse.

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20. The Select Destination Folder dialog box appears. Click ContosoResources, and then click OK.

21. Click Next.


23. In the left pane, click Jobs.

24. In the details pane, click Create template.

25. Click the Details tab, and then review the steps and status of the template creation. When the job completes, continue with the next task.

Task 2: Create a VM from a template 1. In the Actions pane, click New virtual machine.

2. The New Virtual Machine wizard appears. Click Browse.

3. The Select Virtual Machine Source dialog box appears. Click Contoso Windows Server 2003, and then click OK.

4. Click Next.

5. On the Virtual Machine Identity page, in the Virtual machine name field, type SEA-APP-02.

6. Click Next.


8. On the Guest Operating System page, click Identity Information.

9. In the Computer name field, type SEA-APP-02.

10. Click Admin Password.

11. In the User name field, type Admin.

12. Click Product Key.

13. In the Product Key field, type XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX.

14. Click Next.

15. On the Select Destination page, click Next.

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16. On the Select Host page, click Next.


18. On the Select Networks page, click Next.



21. The Jobs window opens. Click Create virtual machine.

22. Review the steps and status of the virtual machine creation. Continue with the next exercise as this process completes in the background.

Results: After this exercise, you should have created a new virtual machine named SEA-APP-01 from the Contoso Windows Server 2003 template.

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Exercise 3: Create Profiles

Task 1: Create a hardware profile 1. Restore Virtual Machine Manager.


3. In the Actions pane, click New hardware profile.

4. The New Hardware Profile dialog box appears. In the Name field, type Default Hardware Profile.

5. Click the Hardware Settings tab.

6. In the Network location list, click Internal Network.

7. Click the Network Adapter toolbar button, and then click Synthetic network adapter.

8. In the left pane, click Memory.

9. In the Virtual machine memory field, type 256.

10. Click OK.

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Task 2: Create a guest operating system profile 1. In the Actions pane, click New guest OS profile.

2. In the Name field, type Default Guest OS Profile.

3. Click the Guest OS tab.

4. Click Admin Password.


6. Click Product Key.

7. In the Product Key field, type XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX.

8. Click Operating System.

9. In the Operating system list, click 64-bit edition of Windows Server 2008 Standard.

10. Click OK.


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Exercise 4: Deploy a Virtual Machine from the Library

Task 1: Create a new VM in the library 1. In the Actions pane, click New virtual machine.

2. The New Virtual Machine wizard appears. Select Create the new virtual machine with a blank virtual hard disk.

3. Click Next.

4. On the Virtual Machine Identity page, in the Virtual machine name field, type SEA-APP-03.

5. Click Next.


7. On the Select Destination page, select Store the virtual machine in the library.

8. Click Next.

9. On the Select Library Server page, click Next.

10. On the Select path page, click Browse.


12. Click Next.


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Task 2: Deploy a VM from the Library 1. Restore Jobs.

2. Click Create virtual machine.

3. Review the results under the Details tab. If this job is still running, wait for the job to complete before continuing to the next step. If the job is taking too long to complete, continue to the next exercise.


5. In the details pane, click SEA-SRV-01.

6. In the Actions pane, click Deploy.

7. The Deploy Virtual Machine wizard appears. Click Next.


9. On the Select Networks page, click Next.

10. On the Summary page, click Deploy.


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Exercise 5: Create a Self-Service Policy

Task 1: Create a self-service user role 1. Restore Virtual Machine Manager.

2. In the left pane, click Administration.

3. In the Administration pane, click User Roles.

4. In the Actions pane, click New user role.

5. The Create User Role wizard appears. In the User role name field, type Self-Service Users.

6. Click Next.

7. On the Add Members page, click Add.

8. The Select Users or Groups dialog box appears. In the Enter the object names to select field, type Administrator.

9. Click Check Names, and then click OK.

10. Click Next.

11. On the Select Scope page, select Contoso, and then click Next.

12. On the Virtual Machine Permissions page, click Only selected actions.

13. Clear the check boxes for Remove, Remote connection and Shutdown.

Note: The following should be selected: Start, Stop, Pause and resume, Checkpoint, Local administrator.

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14. Click Next.

15. On the Virtual Machine Creation Settings page, select Allow users to create new virtual machines.

16. Click Add.

17. The Select a Template dialog box appears. Click Contoso Windows Server 2003, and then click OK.

18. Select Set quota for deployed virtual machines.

19. In the Maximum quota points allowed field, type 10.

20. Click Next.

21. On the Library Share page, select Allow users to store virtual machines in a library.

22. Click Browse.


24. Click Next.


Task 2: Open the self-service portal 1. On the Start menu, click All Programs | Microsoft System Center | Virtual

Machine Manager 2008 | Virtual Machine Manager Self-Service Portal.

2. The Internet Explorer window opens. In the Domain\username field, type Contoso##\administrator.

3. In the Password field, type Pa$$w0rd.

4. Click Log On.

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Task 3: Create a New VM 1. In the left pane, click New Computer.

2. The New Virtual Machine – Windows Internet Explorer window opens. In the Name field, type SEA-APP-03.

3. In the Computer Name field, type SEA-APP-03.

4. In the Administrator Password and Confirm Password fields type, Pa$$w0rd.

5. In the OS Product Key field, type XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX.

6. Click Create.

7. The Windows Internet Explorer dialog box appears. Click OK.

8. Close Internet Explorer.

Results: After this exercise, you should have created a self-service user role, logged onto the Self-Service Portal as bhoffman and created a new VM.

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Lab B: Managing Checkpoints L8-49

Lab B: Managing Checkpoints Exercise 1: Perform Checkpoint Operations

Task 1: Create a checkpoint 1. Restore Virtual Machine Manager.

2. In the left pane, click Virtual Machines.

3. In the details pane, click SEA-SQL-01.

4. In the Actions pane, click New checkpoint.

5. The New Checkpoint dialog box appears. Click Create.

Task 2: View checkpoint properties 1. In the Actions pane, click Manage checkpoints.

2. The Virtual Machine Properties for SEA-SQL-01 dialog box appears. Under Available checkpoints, click the SEA-SQL-01.

3. Click Properties.

4. The Properties For Checkpoint SEA-SQL-01 dialog box appears. Click OK.

Task 3: Create a new checkpoint from the properties dialog box 1. Click New.

2. The New Checkpoint dialog box appears. In the Name field, type SEA-SQL-01 Second Checkpoint, and then click Create.

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Task 4: Delete a checkpoint 1. Under Available Checkpoints, click SEA-SQL-01 Second Checkpoint.

2. Click Remove.

3. The Virtual Machine Manager dialog box appears. Click Yes.

Task 5: Restore a VM to a checkpoint 1. Under Available checkpoints, click SEA-SQL-01.

2. Click Restore.


4. Click OK.

Results: After this exercise, you should have created a new checkpoint, viewed the properties of a checkpoint, deleted a checkpoint and then restored a VM to a checkpoint.

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Lab A: Using PowerShell with VMM L9-51

Module 9: PowerShell and Disaster Recovery

Lab A: Using PowerShell with VMM Exercise 1: Introduce the VMM Command Shell

Task 1: Open the VMM command shell from the Start menu 1. On the Start menu, click All Programs | Microsoft System Center | Virtual

Machine Manager 2008 | Windows PowerShell – Virtual Machine Manager.

2. The Windows PowerShell window opens. If the Do you want to run software from this untrusted publisher prompt appears, type A, and then press ENTER.

Task 2: Display Help topics 1. Type Get-Help about_VMM, and then press ENTER. Review the output.

2. Type Get-Help about_VMM_Tutorial, and then press ENTER. Review the output.

3. Type Get-Help about_VMM_Scripting, and then press ENTER. Review the output.

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L9-52 Module 9: PowerShell and Disaster Recovery

Task 3: View Help topics as a text file 1. Type Get-Help about_VMM | out-file c:\about_VMM.txt, and then press

ENTER.

2. Type notepad C:\about_VMM.txt, and then press ENTER.

3. The Notepad window opens. Read through the text file.

4. Close Notepad.

5. Type Get-Help about_VMM_Tutorial | out-file c:\about_VMM_tutorial.txt, and then press ENTER.

6. Type notepad C:\about_VMM_tutorial.txt, and then press ENTER.

7. The Notepad window opens. Read through the text.

8. Close Notepad.

Results: After this exercise, you should have viewed help information for VMM PowerShell topics and saved the help topics to text files.

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Exercise 2: Use Basic PowerShell Cmdlets

Task 1: List all PowerShell Cmdlets 1. Restore Windows PowerShell.

2. Type Get-Command, and then press ENTER.

Task 2: Use PowerShell to manage services 1. Type get-service, and then press ENTER.

2. Type stop-service –name VMMAgent, and then press ENTER.

3. Type start-service –name VMMAgent, and then press ENTER.

Results: After this exercise, you should have successfully stopped and started the Virtual Machine Manager Agent service.

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Exercise 3: Use VMM Cmdlets

Task 1: List VMM Cmdlets 1. Type Get-Command -PSSnapin

Microsoft.SystemCenter.VirtualMachineManager, and then press ENTER.

2. Type Get-Help New-VM -detailed, and then press ENTER.

Task 2: Connect to the VMM server • Type Get-VMMServer –Computername “6422-Hyper-V##.contoso##.com”,

and then press ENTER.

Task 3: Display specific properties of the VMM server • Type Get-VMMServer –Computername “6422-Hyper-V##.contoso##.com”

| Format-List –property Name, FullyQualifiedDomainName, PlacementGoal, MemoryPriority, DiskIOPriority, CPUPriority, NetworkPriority, and then press ENTER.

Task 4: Display all properties available for the VMM server 1. Type $VMMServer = Get-VMMServer –Computername “6422-Hyper-

V##.contoso##.com”, and then press ENTER.

Note: In PowerShell the $ symbol signifies a variable. In this example, you are storing the output in the VMMServer variable.

2. Type $VMMServer | Get-Member, and then press ENTER.

Task 5: Create a VM checkpoint 1. Type $Checkpoint = Get-VM | where {$_.Name –eq “SEA-SQL-01”} | New-

VMCheckpoint.

2. Type $Checkpoint, and then press ENTER.

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Task 6: Start a VM • Type start-vm –vm “SEA-SRV-02”, and then press ENTER.

Task 7: Get a list of failed jobs on a VMM server • Type Get-Job | where {$_.Status –eq “Failed”} | Format-List –property

Name, ID, Status, and then press ENTER.

Note: There may not be any failed jobs listed. The command will complete successfully if you don’t receive any errors.

Task 8: Backup VMM server • Type backup-vmmserver –path “c:\users\administrator”, and then press

ENTER.

Results: After this exercise, you should have successfully viewed properties of the VMM Server, created a Checkpoint for SEA-DC-02, started SEA-DC-02, viewed a list of failed jobs and backed up the VMM server.

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Exercise 4: PowerShell Scripts in VMM Wizards

Task 1: Start the Add Library Share Wizard 1. Minimize Windows PowerShell.

2. Restore Windows Explorer, and then navigate to E:\.

3. On the File menu, click New | Folder.

4. Type NewLibrary, and then press ENTER.

5. Right-click NewLibrary, and then click Share.

6. The File Sharing dialog box appears. Click Share, and then click Done.

7. Restore Virtual Machine Manager.


9. In the Library Servers pane, right-click 6422-Hyper-V##.contoso##.com, and then click Add library shares.

10. The Add Library Share wizard appears. Select NewLibrary, and then click Next.

Task 2: Save Add Library Share Wizard script 1. On the Summary page, click View Script.

2. The Notepad window opens. On the File menu, click Save As.

3. The Save As dialog box appears. In the File Name field, type Add_Library_Share.ps1.

4. In the Save as type field, select All Files.

5. Click Save, and then close Notepad.

6. In the Add Library Share wizard, click Cancel.


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Task 3: View execution policy 1. Restore Windows PowerShell – Virtual Machine Manager.

2. Type get-executionpolicy, and then press ENTER.

Task 4: Set execution policy • Type set-executionpolicy unrestricted, and then press ENTER.

Note: This is a not a secure setting and should only be used in testing scenarios.

Task 5: Verify execution policy • Type get-executionpolicy, and then press ENTER.

Task 6: Run Add_Library_Share.ps1 script • Type c:\users\administrator\documents\ Add_Library_Share.ps1, and

then press ENTER.

Task 7: Verify new library share 1. Restore Virtual Machine Manager.

2. In the left pane, right-click 6422-Hyper-V##.Contoso##.com, and then click Refresh.

3. Click NewLibrary.

Results: After this exercise, you should have saved the PowerShell script from the Add Library Wizard and then ran the script successfully.

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Exercise 5: Create a Simple VMM Script

Task 1: Create Get-VM.ps1 1. Restore Windows PowerShell.

2. Type Set-Location c:\users\administrator, and then press ENTER.

3. Type notepad Get-VM.ps1, and then press ENTER.

4. The Notepad dialog box appears. Click Yes.

5. The Notepad window opens. Type the following:

# filename: Get-VM.ps1 Write-Host write-host –backgroundColor blue “The following are virtual machines located on SEA-Hyper-V##:” get-vm –vmmserver 6422-hyper-v##.contoso##.com | format-list –property Name, Owner, Description, OperatingSystem Write-Host # end of script

Task 2: Save Get-VM.ps1 1. On the File menu, click Save.

2. Close Notepad.

Task 3: Run Get-VM.ps1 1. Type .\Get-VM, and then press ENTER.

2. Type exit, and then press ENTER.

Results: After this exercise, you should have created and ran a PowerShell script that listed the virtual machines located on 6422-Hyper-V.

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Lab B: Creating Backups L9-59

Lab B: Creating Backups Exercise 1: Use Windows Server Backup to Backup Virtual Machines

Task 1: Install Windows Server Backup 1. Restore Server Manager.

2. In the console pane, click Features.

3. In the right pane, click Add Features.

4. The Add Features Wizard appears. Expand Windows Server Backup Features, and then select Windows Server Backup.

5. Click Next.

6. On the Confirm Installation Selections page, click Install.

7. On the Results page, click Close.

Task 2: Schedule a backup 1. In the console pane, expand Storage, and then click Windows Server Backup.

2. In the Actions pane, click Backup Once.

3. The Backup Once Wizard appears. Click Next.

4. On the Select backup configuration page, click Custom, and then click Next.

5. On the Select backup items page, click Next.

6. On the Specify destination type page, click Next.

7. On the Select backup destination page, in the Backup destination list, click Local Disk (E:). Click Next.

8. On the Specify advanced options page, click Next.

9. On the Confirmation page, click Backup.

Results: After this exercise, you should have scheduled a backup using the Backup Once Wizard.

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6422A-En Implementing Managing Windows Server 08 HyperV-TrainerManual

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