6.1: Early Romans Create

a Republic

Legend-

Rome was founded by twins Romulus & Remus in 753 B.C

Romans modeled their philosophy & lit. after Greece

(Zeus became Jupiter)

What things are named after Roman gods?

The Early Republic

Last king (Tarquin) was replaced by a republic= a form of gov’t

which power rests w/ citizens who have the right to vote to select their leaders

Struggles for power in the early republic Patricians= $

(minority) Plebeians= little $ (majority)

Unwritten laws= unfair ruling of plebeians

12 tables= 1st written laws of Rome- publicly displayed

land owners who held most of the power

farmers, artisans, &merchants

Gov’t Under the Republic 2 consuls controlled army & gov’t; 1yr term

(powerful officials elected each year to command the army and direct

the gov’t)

Senate- 300 members (term held for life) Assemblies- all citizen-soldiers; appointed

consuls

Praetors- 8 judges (criminal & civil)

Legal Code- 12 Tables

Dictator-

Chosen by consuls, elected by senate in times of crisis; term lasted 6 mo

Assemblies-

all citizen-soldiers

(appointed the consuls)

Senate-

300 members Serve for life

2 consuls controlled army & gov’t; 1yr term

Dictator- Chosen by consuls, elected by senate in times of crisis; term lasted 6 mo

Roman Senate

Roman Army All landowners had to serve Organized into legions= infantry & cavalry

Rome Spreads its Power 3 Punic Wars: Rome v. Carthage

on/off about 100 yrs; Rome defeated Carthage

(Rome won all 3 wars)

Hannibal, a Carthigan General, almost captured Rome during the 2nd Punic

War

Who founded the city of Rome? Who did the Romans improve on? What characterizes a republic as a form of gov’t? Difference b/t plebeians & patricians? Who commanded the army & directed the gov’t? What about during times of crisis? What is the huge military unit? What were the Punic Wars? What is the evidence that Hannibal was an excellent

military strategist?