6 · Web view6 Analytical Exposition Persuading that Learning Objectives: The students are able to...

Chapter 6

Analytical ExpositionPersuading that

Learning Objectives:

1. The students are able to understand the meanings of spoken analytical exposition monologs accurately, fluently, and contextually accepted in daily life.

2. The students are able to express the meanings of spoken analytical exposition monologs accurately, fluently, and contextually accepted in daily life.

3. The students are able to read the meanings of written analytical exposition monologs accurately, fluently, and contextually accepted in the forms of written materials.

4. The students are able to write analytical exposition texts accurately, fluently, contextually accepted in the forms of formal and informal forms of writing.

SECTION ONE: Building Knowledge of the Field

Activity 1: Exploring Ideas

Identify the problems in the world. Which one is the most serious one and discuss them in your groups.

English for the Eleventh Grade of SMA/KTSP-2007 74

1. students’ fight 6. pollution

2. nepotism 7. poverty

3. crime 8. housing

4. drugs 9. traffic

5. unemployment 10. corruption

Activity 2: Writing the opinions

Write the opinion about the problems above. What do you or does your friend persuade after analysing the

problems?

1. I persuade that ……………………………………………………..

2. You persuade that …………………………………………………

3. He persuades that ………………………………………………….

4. She persuades that …………………………………………………

5. They persuade that ………………………………………………..

Activity 3: Reading the text and answering the questions

Read the text; then answer the questions.

Cars create pollution and cause a lot of road deaths and other accidents.

Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the

world. Cars emit a deadly gas that causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung


cancer, and ‘triggers’ off asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that people

can die from them.

Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and cars

commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are our

roads biggest killers.

Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to

sleep at night, or concentrate on your homework, and especially talk to someone.

I persuade that it is good for the city government to bend too many cars

come into the big city because they make the city in troubles, crowded, and heavy

traffic jams every time.

1. What kind of the text is it above?

2. What does the text tell?

3. What does the first paragraph tell?

4. In what paragraph do you find some arguments?

5. What is the summary of the text?

Activity 4: Giving the opinions based on the text

Give your opinions about advantages and disadvantages of the car Based on the text you read above.

Advantages Disadvantages

1. comfortable 1. wasteful

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.


5. 5.

Activity 5: Studying the grammatical patterns

Study the following Dependent and Independent Clause usually used in the analytical exposition.

Dependent Clause adalah anak kalimat yang mengandung Subject dan

Verb yang merupakan bagian dari suatu kalimat majemuk. Dependent Clause

tidak bisa berdiri sendiri tetapi selalu bergantung pada Main Clause atau induk

kalimat.

Independent Clause adalah induk kalimat dari kalimat mejemuk yang

sifatnya dapat berdiri sendiri dan tidak bergantung pada anak kalimat.

Dependent & Independent Clause memiliki pola kalimat sebagai berikut:

Subject + Verb (that/Relative)+ Subject + Verb + Object/Adjective/Adverb

Main Clause = Independent Clause Sub-Clause = Dependent Clause

He thinks that it will rain.

She said that her mother was sick yesterday.

I don’t know who the girl is.

Do you know why she comes late to school?

John acts as if he were good at Indonesian.

Catatan:

Jika induk kalimat (Independent Clause) berbentuk present atau future tense,

maka anak kalimat (Dependent Clause) boleh dalam bentuk tense apapun.

Jika induk kalimat (Independent Clause) berbentuk past tense, maka anak

kalimat (Dependent Clause) harus dalam bentuk past tense (lampau) atau

bentuk yang lebih lampau.


Kata kerja-kata kerja berikut ini digunakan dalam induk kalimat (Independent

Clause) biasanya diikuti oleh anak kalimat (Dependent Clause):

agreeaskbe afraidbelievedecideexpectexplain

feelguesshearhopeimagineknowlearn

promiseremembersayseeshowto besorry

supposetellteachthinkunderstandbe worriedwonder

Perhatikan contoh-contoh kalimat dari kata kerja-kata kerja di atas:

Verb Example agree ask be afraid believe decide expect explain

I agree what you have said just now. She asked how where I came from. He is afraid that he could not do his job well. We believe that they are honest people. They decided that they went to Sydney for a vacation. You expected that your friend was well. I explain that that problem is very easy for students.

feel guess hear hope imagine know learn

I feel that I am fine now. She guessed that he would come late. He heard that his father had passed away. We hope that he will get married soon. I imagined how beautiful she was. I don’t know why he comes late to the meeting. We learned that it was a significant experience.

promise remember say see show to be sorry

I promised that I would come to her house. She remembered that we met her many years ago. He said that he got a gold medal for swimming. I see that she is a very kind lady. He showed that his research was very great. It is what I mean. He was sorry that he could not keep her well.

suppose tell teach think

I suppose that my son gets a Nobel prize. She told that she was born in California. We teach that the new students are still lack of

English.


understand be worried wonder

They think that their cat stole some fish in the kitchen. I don’t understand why my dog died yesterday night. He is worried that he can not do the test correctly.. I wondered why he never comes.

SECTION TWO: Modelling of the Text

Activity 6: Identifying the schematic structure of the analytical exposition Study the following model of analytical exposition text.

Identify the structure of text: THESIS, PREVIEW, ARGUMENTS, SUMMING UP.

The Public Trustee is a Sound Investment

It is a well-known fact that it is a dilemma for many people to

make a will, without the added problems of deciding who

should draw up this document.

This task is made simple with the availability of service from

the Public Trust Officer.

Firstly the Office has a large efficient staff which includes

barristers, solicitors, accountants, valuers, and qualified

property inspector. Knowledge of the legal aspect is very

well covered.

Also the charges need consideration. Here at this Office there

are no charges for making or the holding of a will.

Furthermore, the Public Trustee is guaranteed by the State of

Queensland and has special powers to solve problems or

simplify procedures which, in the long term, save expense.


Arguments

Summing Up

Thesis: Position

Preview

Therefore, it can be clearly seen that there is only one sound

choice in making your will – the Public Trustee – as it is

permanent, efficient, and secure. You should consider this!

Taken from English for Special Purposes, 1992.

Activity 7: Identifying the linguistic features of the analytical exposition

Study the following model of analytical exposition text and identify the linguistic features.

It is a well-known fact that it is a dilemma for many people to make a will, without the added problems of deciding who should draw up this document.

This task is made simple with the availability of service from the Public Trust Officer.

Firstly the Office has a large efficient staff which includes barristers, solicitors, accountants, valuers, and qualified property inspector. Knowledge of the legal aspect is very well covered.

Also the charges need consideration. Here at this

Office there are no charges for making or the holding

of a will.

Furthermore, the Public Trustee is guaranteed by

the State of Queensland and has special powers to

solve problems or simplify procedures which, in the

long term, save expense.

Therefore, it can be clearly seen that there is only

one sound choice in making your will – the Public

Trustee – as it is permanent, efficient, and secure.

You should consider this!

Taken from English for Special Purposes, 1992.

Vocabulary:

trustee : a member of a group of people responsible for managing the financial affairs of an institution or


Words that indicate writer’s

attitude

Relational verb

Mental verb

Relational Verb

Modality

Mental Verb

Connective

Present Tense

Connective

Pronoun

Modality

organization dilemma : a situation in which somebody must choose one of

two or more unsatisfactory alternatives barristers : a lawyer who is qualified to represent clients in the

higher law courts in England and Wales solicitors : somebody who solicits, especially somebody who

asks for financial contributions property : something of value such as land or a patent that is

owned charges : to ask somebody for an amount as a price or fee guarantee : something that assures a particular outcome secure : safe, especially against attack or theft

SECTION THREE: Joint Construction of the Text

Activity 8 : Analyzing the schematic structure of the text

Analyze the schematic structure of the following text. THESIS, PREVIEW, ARGUMENTS, SUMMING UP.

In Australia there are three levels of government, the federal government, state governments and local governments. All of these levels of government are necessary. This is so for a number of reasons.

First, the federal government is necessary for the big things. They keep the economy in order and look after things like defence.

Similarly, the state government look after the middle sized things. For examples they look after law and order, preventing things like vandalism in schools.


……………………………………………….

……………………....

……………………....

Finally, local governments look after the small things. They look after things like collecting rubbish, otherwise everyone would have diseases.

Thus, for the reasons above we can conclude that the three levels of government are necessary.

Taken form Making Sense of Functional GrammarActivity 9: Identify the language features used in the text above.

Language Features of the Text

NounsThree levels of government, ……………, ……………….,

……………,……………,……………,

Pronouns They, ……………,……………,……………,……………,

Relational

verbs

Is, ……………,……………,……………,……………,

Connectives First, ……………,……………,……………,……………,

Simple Present

Tense

Keep, ……………,……………,……………,……………,

……………,……………,……………,……………,…………

Activity 10: Answering the questions based on the text

Answer the questions based on the text in Activity8.

1. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text above?

2. According to the writer, what should be done with cars?

3. Underline the sentence that shows the writer’s position.

4. What arguments (reasons) does the writer use to support his/her position?

5. Underline the sentences in the text that show the writer’s arguments.

Activity 11: Composing own arguments

Reread the text in Activity 8 and make your own arguments and compose them into a text using the following sequence with connectives.

Firstly, …………………………………………………………………………………..

Secondly, ………………………………………………………………………………..


……………………....

……………………....

Thirdly, ………………………………………………………………………………….

Finally, ………………………………………………………………………………….

Activity 12: Discussing the problem

Discuss the followings and make your group’s arguments Towards the TV programs nowdays.

Many TV channels such as RCTI, SCTV, TPI, TV7, ANTV, etc, have

regular news programs specially reporting crimes. The news is often very detailed

with disturbing pictures, such as murdered victims with blood all over their body.

The programs also report how a crime, for example a murder is planned and done.

What are your arguments towards those programs? Are the programs

needed to censored in order not to give bad impact for young watchers. Discuss

these and make a written exposition as your argumentative opinions.

Activity 13: Arranging paragraphs into a text

Arrange the following paragraphs into a correct sequence of analytical exposition text. Use the plan of the analytical exposition.

Another piece of conflicting evidence concerns the dingo. Lindy claimed that Azaria was taken by a stray dingo. Some of the other campers said that they


saw no dingo, but there were several who confirmed Lindy’s story, and who stated that they heard a dingo’s cry just before Azaria went missing.

Firstly there is the question of the blood found in the car. It was claimed that it was a baby’s blood. However, the tests used to identify the blood were later found to be unreliable and the blood could have come from an adult.

In the light of such conflicting evidence, I believe that it was wrong to convict Lindy Chamberlain without finding more definite proof of her guilt.

In 1982 Lindy Chamberlain was convicted of murdering her baby Azaria while camping at Ayers Rock. In my opinion, Lindy should not have been convicted for Azaria’s murder as there is too much conflicting evidence.

And finally there is the matter of the baby’s jumpsuit which was later found with holes in it. The prosecution maintained that these holes could only have been made by a pair of nail scissors – the ones they claimed Lindy used to kill her baby. The defence on the other hand demonstrated that the holes could just as easily have been made by a dingo’s teeth.

Source text: Derewianka, 1990, p. 70

Thesis : ………………………………………………………………….

Argument 1 : ………………………………………………………………….

Argument 2 : ………………………………………………………………….

Argument 3 : ………………………………………………………………….

Argument 4 : ………………………………………………………………….

Argument 5 : ………………………………………………………………….

Summing up : ………………………………………………………………….

Activity 14: Giving own opinions

What is your opinion about the followings?


We persuade that some TV programs are not good because:

It disturbs other shows.

It makes audience scare.

It inspires other criminals to do the same crimes.

It gives bad effects to children’s behaviours.

It is not good to see.

Activity 15: Making a draft of analytical exposition

Make a draft of an analytical exposition based on the problems above. Do this in your group.

Thesis : ………………………………………………………………….

Argument 1 : ………………………………………………………………….

Argument 2 : ………………………………………………………………….

Argument 3 : ………………………………………………………………….

Argument 4 : ………………………………………………………………….

Argument 5 : ………………………………………………………………….

Summing up : ………………………………………………………………….

SECTION FOUR: Independent Construction of the Text

Activity 16: Giving your own opinions

Give your own opinions by answering the following questions.

Do you agree or not with the following statements1. Illegal drug dealers must not be sentenced to death. 2. Corruptors should be jailed or hung.3. Alcoholic drinks must be banned.4. Movies that contain pornography must not be played on TV.5. Crimes News should be reduced or stopped on TV.

6. TV stations should reduce entertainment programs and add more news.

7. The government must provide more jobs for the citizens.8. Prostitution doers should be sentenced to death.9. Prostitution must not be localized.10. Free sex must be forbidden.


Activity 17: Writing an analytical exposition text

Choose one the problems stated and discussed above. Write an analytical exposition using the provided plan.


An Analytical Exposition Plan

……………………………………………………..Title

Thesis (What is the topic? What is your opinion about the topic?) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Arguments (What reasons do you use to support your opinion? Explain the

reasons point by point)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Summing Up (Sum up or restate your opinion)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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