6 Fasciae of the Neck E-learning
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Transcript of 6 Fasciae of the Neck E-learning
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Fascia of The NeckFascia of The Neck
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The NeckThe Neck
(The Cervical Region)(The Cervical Region)
The region of body that extendsbetween
Sup.: inf. border of mandib.
Sup. Nuchal line
Inf.: sprasternal notch
clavicle
Divided into 2 portions:
Anterolateral aspect:
ant. & post.
Post. aspect:
covered by trapezius
part of the back
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Covering Layers of The NeckCovering Layers of The Neck
- Skin
-Superficial Fascia
Fatty layer that contains:
Platysma Muscle
(attachments?)
Cutaneous N.
Superfi. Vessels (EJV)
L.N.
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Platysma MusclePlatysma Muscle
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Cutaneous Nerves in Superficial FasciaCutaneous Nerves in Superficial Fascia
Post. Aspect:
post. rami of C2-C5
*C2: greater occipital n.
Anterolat. Aspect:ant . rami of C2-C4
* 4 cutaneous Ns in each aspect
* C1 has no cutaneous branches
(muscular only)
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Ant. & Post. Rami of Spinal NervesAnt. & Post. Rami of Spinal Nerves
Anterior Ramus
Posterior Ramus
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Anterolateral Cutaneous NervesAnterolateral Cutaneous Nerves
Arise from post. border ofSCM
4 nerves:
Lesser occipital n. (C2)
innervation? 1
Great auricular n. (C2,C3)
innervations? 3
Transverse cutaneous n. (C2,C3)
ant. neck from mand. to st.
Supraclavicular n. (C3,C4)
3 (med., intermediate, lat.)
innervations? 3
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External Jugular VeinExternal Jugular Vein
Starts behind angle of mandible
By:
Post. division of retromand. V.
+
Post. auricular V.
Extends:
Angle mid. 1/3 of clavicle
Drains into:IJV or
Subclavian V. (common)
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Cervical Lymph NodesCervical Lymph Nodes
Superficial & deep L.N.
Superficial:
in superf. Fascia
the path of EJV
Deep:
deep to deep fascia
path of IJV
Both groups subdivided into
Sup. & Inf. parts
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Deep Cervical FasciaDeep Cervical Fascia
4 Parts4 Parts
Investing Layer
surrounds the neck
Pretracheal Layermuscles & viscera
Prevertebral Layer
prevertebral muscles
Carotid Sheath
bld. vessels & nerves
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Investing LayerInvesting Layer
Attachments:
Inf. border of mandible
hyoid bone
Zygomatic arch
base of skull
(mastoid & styloid)
Nuchal Lig.
manubrium
clavicle
Acromion & spine
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Encloses:
SCM & Trapezius muscles
Parotid gland (P. capsule)
Submandibular gland
Jugular venous arch
(in suprasternal space)
* Thickened between styloid
& mandibular angle to form=
Stylomandibular Lig.
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Pretracheal LayerPretracheal Layer
Attachments:Sup.: Thyroid & Cricoid cartilages
Lat.: Carotid Sheath
Inf.: extends into thorax
blends with??
Encloses:
(visceral& muscu
lar
layers)
Thyroid & parathyroid glands & ??
(thyroid sheath)
Infrahyoid Muscles
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Prevertebral LayerPrevertebral Layer
Tubular Sheath that extends:Base of Skull
T3
Attachments:
ant. long. Lig. (ant.)
nuchal lig. (post.)
Encloses:
cervical vertebral muscles
(ant., lat., post.)
spinal & phrenic nerves
Fascialextension?
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Axillary SheathAxillary Sheath (Contents?)(Contents?)
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Carotid SheathCarotid Sheath
Paired sheaths of DCT in anterolat. Aspect of the neck, that extendfrom skull base root of the neck.
Attachments:
investing & pretracheal fasciae (ant.)
Prevertebral fascia (post.)
Encloses:
Common carotid a. &?
IJV
Vagus n. (X)
Deep cervical L.N.
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Retropharyngeal SpaceRetropharyngeal Space
The interval between the pharynx fascia (buccopharyngeal fascia)& prevertebral fascia
The largest space in the neck
Allows movement of pharynx &esophagus during swallowing
*Clinically:
Provides major pathway forspread of infection into thorax
Ret. Abscess dysphagia,
dysphonia, dyspnea
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Muscles of The NeckMuscles of The Neck
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Muscles of Cervical RegionMuscles of Cervical Region
3 groups
1. Superficial muscles:
platysma, SCM, Trapezius
2. Hyoid related muscles
supra & infra hyoid
3. Cervical vertebral musclesant., lat. & post.