6 Elements of Culture
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Transcript of 6 Elements of Culture
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6 Elements of Culture
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What is Culture?
The ways of life & knowledge of a grp of ppl According to Ralph Linton:
The knowledge, attitudes, & behavior patterns shared and
transmitted by the members of a society Culture
is passed on by parents, grandparents, teachers, etc & affects the way we think, what we believe (religiously &
morally), what we eat, what we wear, how we behave, howour society behaves
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#1= Social Organization The way a culture divides its society into smaller
structures/ groups Sociology= the study of the development,
organization, & functioning of society What is the most important social unit?
Family
Family patterns Nuclear family- wife, husb, kids.
Typical to industrialized societies Extended family- Several generations in one
household. Parents, kids, grandparents, aunts,uncles. Usually in developing nations.
Patriarchal- family where the oldest male makes thedecisions
Matriarchal- family where the oldest female makes allthe decisions
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Kinship= concept that everyone is relatedto someone There are rules (ie uncles cant marry nieces)
Clan= ppl w/in an ethnic grp who claim tobe descended from a common ancestor
Social Classes= rank ppl according tostatus in society Can be based on $, occupation, heredity,
education, etc Social mobility= chance to move up and
down the social ladder.
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#2- Customs & Traditions Rules of behavior (enforced by social pressures or by
written laws) ways of doing everyday things Basic moral values Language
Linguistics= the study of languages Language families- most langs have root in same source.
Largest major language family is the Indo-European Language
Clothes
Foods Education Occupation
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#3- Arts & Literature Products of human imagination teach us about
cultural values. Can encourage pride or criticize.
Includes: Painting Sculpture music
Drawing Theatre Literature architecture
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#4- Religion Helps ppl answer the basic questions about the
meaning of life; supports the values of a culture; canshape morals & ethics of a grp of ppl Monotheism- belief/worship of 1 god Polytheism- belief/worship of more than 1 god Animism- belief that everything in nature has a spirit The 5 Major World Religions:
Hinduism Buddhism Christianity Judaism Islam
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#5- Forms of Government Govt is designed to provide for
ppls common needs - keepingorder in society & protecting it fromoutside threats
Refers to the person(s) who holds pwr and to societys laws & institutions. Types of Govt:
Democracy- the ppl have supreme
pwr. Govt acts by & w/ their consent Republic- ppl choose the leaders whowill represent them
Dictatorship- a ruler (or grp acting as1) holds pwr by force. Often usesmilitary to stay in office.
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#6- Economic Systems How ppl use limited resources to satisfy their wants & needs
3 questions : What goods & services should we produce? How should we produce them? For whom should we produce them?
Traditional economy- ppl prod most of what they need tosurvive. Hunting/gathering or farming/herding societies.
Market economy- indivs answer the econ questions by buying &selling goods & services
Command economy- govt controls what goods are prod, how
they are prod & what they cost. Indivs have little econ pwr Mixed economy- indivs make some decisions & govt makes
others