6: Data Center Energy€¦ · – Reduce the cost of data center hardware, software and operations...
Transcript of 6: Data Center Energy€¦ · – Reduce the cost of data center hardware, software and operations...
Rhode Island Convention Center • Providence, Rhode Island
Data Center Energy Use and Opportunities: Applying Best Practices to meet Executive Order Requirements
Session 6: Data Center Energy Management Strategies
Dale Sartor, PELawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
August 10, 2016
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
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0.1 CEUs for Session 8
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Achieve 80% on the assessment and complete a brief evaluation by logging on to: www.wbdg.org/education/energyexchange2016.php
• Attendees will receive details for accessing the assessment by emailfollowing the Energy Exchange.
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Obtaining CEUs and Certificates
Note: Participants must register once with the National Institute of Building Sciences’ Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG.org) to complete the requirements and obtain their certificate.
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
US Data Center Energy Usage Reports (2007 & 2016)
~1.8% U.S. Electricity
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Change in Server Shipments
Nearly all server shipment growth since 2010 occurred in servers destined for large hyperscale data centers:• Hyperscale data centers typically operate more efficiently• Growing percentage of overall data center activity
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Key Observations
• Servers are improving in power scaling ability
– Servers typically operate at 10‐50% utilization
– Increased power scaling reduces average power demand
• Large reduction in physical server demand within data centers
– Increase virtualization and consolidation has tempered increase in annual server shipments
SPEC workbook data
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Energy Use Estimates
Savings: 620 billion kWh
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Efficiency Scenarios
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Future Challenges & Opportunities
Data center closet clunkers:• Improving/removing
closet and other poorly operated smaller data centers
Beyond 2020:• Established efficiency measures (consolidation, power scaling,
low PUE) to eventually hit upper limit
• Computational/storage demand only increasing
• Computational efficiency growth starting to wane
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Executive Order 13693: The New Driver
In March 2015, the President issued Executive Order (EO) 13693, Planning for Federal Sustainability in the Next Decade.
Specific goals for data centers• Promote energy optimization, efficiency, and performance• Install/monitor advanced energy meters in all data centers by FY2018• Establish a Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) target
- between 1.2 and 1.4 for new data centers- less than 1.5 for existing data centers
Other related goals • Reduce building energy 2.5% per year per sq. ft. thru 2025• Increase clean and renewable energy – to 25% & 30% by 2020 & 2025• Reduce water consumption 2% per year per sq. ft. thru 2025• Make ENERGY STAR or FEMP designated acquisitions
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Implementing Instructions for New Directive
Ensuring the agency chief information officer (CIO) promotes data center energy optimization, efficiency, and performance • Agencies are to have data center staff trained and certified in
data center energy efficiency. – All core data centers shall have at least one Data Center Energy
Practitioner (DCEP) assigned to manage data center performance
• Agency CIO should develop, issue and implement policies, procedures and guidance.
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Implementing Instructions for New Directive
Installing and monitoring advanced energy meters in all data centers by fiscal year 2018 • Advanced energy meters installed by agencies as
appropriate in all data centers shall be meters that enable the active tracking of power usage effectiveness (PUE) for the data center, as well as promote implementation of Data Center Infrastructure Management (DCIM).
• All new data centers shall include advanced energy and watermeters.
• Agencies shall evaluate consolidation/closure for existing data centers unable to cost‐effectively install meters by FY 2018
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Implementing Instructions for New Directive
Establishing a power usage effectiveness target of 1.2 to 1.4 for new data centers and less than 1.5 for existing data centers•
• Agencies should adopt a cloud‐first policy when developing new systems.
• Agencies will evaluate existing data centers unable to achieve 1.5 for alternative solutions.
– Encourages use of shared service providers and contracted data center services.
• Procurement preference for data centers with the lowest demonstrated PUE.
Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) is a measure of how efficiently a computer data center infrastructure uses energy.
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Other Federal Initiatives
• Federal Data Center Optimization Initiative (formerly Consolidation Initiative)– Reduce the cost of data center hardware, software and operations– Shift IT investments to more efficient computing platforms and
technologies
• Better Buildings Data Center Partners (voluntary)– Improve efficiency of data center’s
PUE – 1 by at least 20% within 10 years– Implement/Share best practices,
innovative technologies, and strategies– Metering required for tracking– Technical & communication assistance
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
FEMP Technical Assistance
• FEMP has assembled numerous technical assistance resources, including best practice guides, case studies, technical bulletins, and training on data center energy efficiency– Direct technical assistance is available through FEMP to agencies who
join as a Better Buildings Data Center Partner
– For more information visit: https://datacenters.lbl.gov
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Benchmark Energy Performance
Data Center Server Load
51%
Data Center CRAC Units
25%
Cooling Tower Plant4%
Electrical Room Cooling
4%
Office Space Conditioning
1%
Lighting2%
Other13%
Computer Loads67%
HVAC - Air Movement
7%
Lighting2%
HVAC - Chiller and
Pumps24%
• Compare to peers: wide variation• Identify best practices, ID opportunities• Track performance: Can’t manage what isn’t measured• The relative percentage of energy actually doing computing varies
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
High Level Metric: PUE
Power Utilization Effectiveness (PUE) = Total Power/IT Power
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Sample PUEs
PUEs: Reported & Calculated PUE
EPA ENERGY STAR Average 1.91
Intel Jones Farm, Hillsboro 1.41
T-Systems & Intel DC2020 Test Lab, Munich 1.24
Google 1.16
Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (LRZ) 1.15
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) 1.10
Yahoo, Lockport 1.08
Facebook, Prineville 1.07
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 1.06
Source: Mike Patterson, Intel
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Data Center Best Practices
1. Measure and Benchmark Energy Use2. Identify IT Opportunities, and modify procurement
processes to align with the procurement policy3. Optimize Environmental Conditions4. Manage Airflow (Air Management)5. Evaluate Cooling Options6. Improve Electrical Efficiency7. Use IT to Control IT
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
1. Measure and Benchmark Energy Use
• Use metrics to measure efficiency
• Benchmark performance
• Establish continual improvement goals
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
2. Identify IT Opportunities
• Specify efficient servers (incl. power supplies)
• Virtualize• Refresh IT equipment• Turn off unused
equipment• Implement acquisition
systems to assure efficient products are purchased
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
3. Optimize Environmental Conditions
• Follow ASHRAE guidelines or manufacturer specifications
• Operate near maximum of ASHRAE’s recommended range
• Anticipate servers will occasionally operate in the allowable range
• Minimize or eliminate humidity control
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
4. Manage Airflow
• Implement hot and cold aisles • Seal leaks and manage floor tiles• Isolate hot and cold air/contain hot or cold aisle • Control air flow (save energy with VSD on fans)
70–80ºF vs. 45–55ºF (21–27ºC vs. 7–13ºC)
95–105ºF vs. 60–70ºF (35–41ºC vs. 16–21ºC)
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
5. Evaluate Cooling Options
• Use centralized cooling system• Maximize central cooling plant efficiency• Provide liquid‐based heat removal• Compressorless cooling (“free” cooling)
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
6. Improve Electrical Efficiency
• Select efficient UPS systems and topography• Examine redundancy levels• Consider redundancy in the network rather than in the
data center (geographical redundancy) • Increase voltage distribution and reduce conversions.
Redundant Operation
Source: LBNL Benchmarking study
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
7. Use IT to Control IT Energy
• Evaluate monitoring systems to enhance real‐time management and efficiency
• Use visualization tools (e.g., thermal maps)• Install dashboards to manage and sustain energy
efficiency
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Most importantly
Get IT and Facilities people talking and working together as a team!
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
DOE’s Center of Expertise ‐ Datacenters.lbl.gov
Datacenters.lbl.gov
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Available Resources
• Profiling Tool• Assessment Tools• Best Practices Guide• Benchmarking Guide• Data Center
Programming Guide • Technology Case
Study Bulletins • Report Templates• Process Manuals• Quick-Start Guide• Professional
Certification (DCEP)
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
DOE’s Better Buildings Program
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Questions
Dale Sartor, P.E.Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryMS 90-3111University of CaliforniaBerkeley, CA 94720
[email protected](510) 486-5988http://datacenters.lbl.gov/