6 ANNUAL REPORT - Pekka tahunan Pekka 2015 - EN.pdf · Arisan Sembako and Rice Savings and Loan...

ANNUAL REPORT

WOMEN HEADED HOUSEHOLDS EMPOWERMENT (PEKKA)

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List of Contents I. PEKKA WITHIN THE STATE POLICY CONTEXT. ............................................................... 6

II. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF RPJMN 2015-2019 .............................. 8

1. PEKKA’S STRATEGIC ACTIONS ............................................................................................ 9

1. 1. Organizing and strengthening PEKKA Unions .................................................. 9

1. 2. Developing women cadres and leaders ............................................................ 15

1. 3. Community-Based Welfare Monitoring ............................................................ 18

1. 4. Multistakeholder Forum ......................................................................................... 23

1. 5. Evidence-Based Advocacy ...................................................................................... 31

1. 6. Community-Based Initiatives ............................................................................... 38

1. 7. Credit Union ................................................................................................................. 38

1. 8. PEKKA Mini Market .................................................................................................. 42

1. 9. Arisan Sembako and Rice Savings and Loan Scheme .................................. 47

1.10. Community-based Tourism – The Story of Adonara ................................... 48

1. 10. Developing sources of organic food ................................................................... 50

2. DEVELOPING COMMUNITY-BASED INSTITUTIONS ................................................. 52

3. KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTS .................................................................................................... 59

III. INSTITUTIONAL AND NETWORK PARTNERSHIPS ...................................................... 61

IV. FUNDING ........................................................................................................................................ 63

V. REFLEKSI DAN REKOMENDASI ............................................................................................ 65

1. Outcomes ................................................................................................................................... 65

2. Challenges .................................................................................................................................. 65

3. Recommendations .................................................................................................................. 66

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Table List Table 2. 1 Table Growth of PEKKA Groups by December 2015 ............................................. 10

Table 2. 2 Table PEKKA Locations by December 2015 ........................................................... 11

Table 2. 3 Table PEKKA Training ................................................................................................... 13

Table 2. 4 Table Cadres in PEKKA Locations by Activity Focus ........................................... 16

Table 2. 5 Table SMS Monitoring Results by Category ............................................................ 19

Table 2. 6 Table Buletins published in every region in 2015 ................................................. 20

Table 2. 7 Table PEKKA Multistakeholder Forum .................................................................... 25

Table 2. 8 Table PEKKA Union Visits to Government Agencies ............................................. 26

Table 2. 9 Tables Access to Sources of Livelihoods .................................................................. 28

Table 2. 10 Table Access to Social Protection Programs ........................................................ 29

Table 2. 11 Table Policy Products on Legal Identity in 2014-2015 .................................... 33

Table 2. 12 Table Legal Identity Documents Issued through the Integrated Service System in 2014 - 2015 ......................................................................................................................... 33

Table 2. 13 Table Facilitation of Cases on Legal Identity by Paralegals Other Than Through the Integrated Services Mechanism.............................................................................. 35

Table 2. 14 Table Growth Trend of PEKKA Credit Union. ...................................................... 40

Table 2. 15 Table PEKKA Mini Markets ........................................................................................ 44

Table 2. 16 Table Organic farms and vegetable gardens ...................................................... 50

Table 2. 17 Table Cases Consulted with KLIK-PEKKA in 2015 ............................................. 53

Table 2. 18 Table Main PEKKA Centers in 2015. ....................................................................... 54

Table 2. 19 Table Participants of PEKKA HairdressingTraining ........................................ 56

Table 2. 20 Table Marketing of PEKKA Community Products at Alta Karya .................. 57

Table 2. 21 Table PEKKA Video Production in 2015 ................................................................ 60

Table 3. 1 Institutional and Network Partnerships ................................................................... 62

Tabel 4. 1 Tabel Alokasi Dana untuk Kegiatan PEKKA 2015 ................................................ 64

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Pictures List Picture 2. 1 Pekka Framework 8 Picture 2. Pekka working area 11 Picture 2. 3 Traditional house in Desa Tasik Mentodo 12 Picture 2. 4 Vision mission, and group motivation training 13 Picture 2. 5 Pekka National Workshop on women’s movement in rural empowerment 15 Picture 2. 6 Hapsah activity in the Pekka group, Kalimantan Selatan. 17 Picture 2. 7 Hapsah, Pekka cadre in Kalimantan Selatan. 18 Picture 2. 8 Pekka involving in National Survey, Nusa Tenggara Barat 20 Picture 2. 9 Multistake holders Forum in Desa Jengkar Madura. 23 Picture 2. 10 BPJS Health Card 30 Picture 2. 11 Itsbat Nikah at the backyard of Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) Sumatera Selatan district head office. 34 Picture 2. 12 Tri Zaenah, Pekka cooperative leader in Desa Tulis, Jawa Tengah. 38 Picture 2. 13 Jo Hann Tan and Roem Topatimasang are facilitating Pekka members inthe planning for developing Pekka Supermarket, Nusa Tenggara Barat 44 Picture 2. 14 Pekka SuperMarket in Nusa Tenggara Barat 45 Picture 2. 15 Rice savings and borrowing in Nusa Tenggara Barat. 47 Picture 2. 16 Susan Sarandon – a famous Hollywood movie star a the first guest of community based tourism of Pekka in Nusa Tenggara Timur. 49 Picture 2. 17 The launching of Pekka Centers in Sumatera Barat and Jawa Timur attended by Pekka Director and multistakeholders members in that areas 53 Picture 2. 18 Weaving from Nusa Tenggara Timur, the product of Alta Karya produce by Pekka members. 56 Picture 2. 19 The Training for mentors and management of Paradigta Academy 58 Picture 2. 20 Socialization of Paradigta Academy in several areas attended by community members and stakeholders.59 Picture 3. 1 PEKKA networking at National, Regional and International level 61

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ANNUAL REPORT WOMEN-HEADED HOUSEHOLD EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM

2015

PREFACE BY PEKKA DIRECTOR

Based on an analysis of PEKKA’s resources available over time, from the year of its establishment until now, the year 2015 witnessed a declining trend in resources accessible to PEKKA. Without overlooking the possibility of reaching greater heights, it is now time to stand back for a moment and reflect on the upward journey that PEKKA has navigated through, and meticulously take stock of the situation in order to stride confidently into the future. 2015 was also a momentous year for PEKKA as it undertook two critical measures which will further support

PEKKA’s ability to ensure its continued presence. PEKKA not only deemed it necessary to establish a Reform Team, but also made the decision to launch a new initiative to develop PARADIGTA Academy into an educational institution. In addition, the KLIK-PEKKA and Alta Karya initiatives were also further developed in 2015 with much clearer direction to ensure their sustainability. The PEKKA Reform Team which consists of the PEKKA National Secretariat, field facilitators, executives of the Federation of PEKKA Unions, and executives of PEKKA Unions, was conferred with the mandate to design an institutional mechanism to unify all organizations and elements that were established and developed through PEKKA processes in the past 14 years. PARADIGTA Academy on the other hand, is an initiative to develop a structured educational institution based on experiences gained in developing PEKKA cadres through the years in response to the reality in rural areas where grassroots women are often denied the privilege to participate in decision-making processes. The establishment of PARADIGTA Academy coincided with the enforcement of Law No. 6/2014 on Rural Areas which essentially is intended to open up more space and greater opportunities for women and other marginal groups to be actively involved in developing their respective villages. Meanwhile, KLIK-PEKKA which originally was a strategy to raise awareness on the importance of legal identity documentation and better access to such services has evolved into an embryo for developing institutions that offer consulting and legal aid services for the rural community. On the other hand, Alta Karya as a marketing initiative for products created by the PEKKA community has developed into a strategic instrument for economically empowering women heads of household on a national scale.

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Apart from those mentioned above, in 2015 PEKKA also conducted several other noteworthy activities such as the production of a documentary drama in widescreen film format on the PEKKA movement and the writing of a book titled Melawan Keganjilan that portrays the lengthy journey towards organizing women household heads. For the two activities, PEKKA National Secretariat collaborated with several other organizations such as Biru Terong for the film production, as well as SEAPCP and INSIST for writing the book. Although the film was made in cooperation with other organizations, the production process fully engaged the media team from PEKKA National Secretariat and the PEKKA community as part of capacity building. PEKKA’s 2015 annual report is part our responsibility to inform about PEKKA’s progress, and reflect on its journey and future plans. The entire PEKKA team and the Federation of PEKKA Unions have to a great extent contributed meaningfully to the completion of this report. We hope that the report will be a source of reference for relevant parties from which critical lessons can be drawn from. We look forward to any constructive input and feedback for PEKKA to march fearlessly onward into the future. Our utmost appreciation to all parties who have been supportive of PEKKA. We hope you enjoy reading the report. Jakarta, 15 January 2016 Nani Zulminarni Director, PEKKA

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I. PEKKA WITHIN THE STATE POLICY CONTEXT. In 2015, Indonesia was poised to usher in a new era under the leadership of President Joko Widodo and his deputy Jusuf Kalla, who was elected following the general elections in 2014, along his line-up of cabinet ministers. The new government brings a breath of fresh hope, yet it also inherits a host of unresolved issues, one of which concerns gender inequality in many facets of life. In the Medium-Term Development Plan released by Bappenas (National Development Planning Agency) in early 2015, gender inequality is unmistakably prevalent in nearly every social, economic, political and cultural aspect where women are left far behind than their male counterparts. Numerous indicators, including education, health and political participation, reveal data that appears to remain practically unchanged.

Women also continue to be vulnerable to poverty which among others can be observed from data on average monthly wages which differ between female and male workers. Women workers earn an average of IDR 1.427 million compared to IDR 1.795 million for men. Data from the 2013 National Labor Force Survey showed a widening gap in the income

contribution between women and men. Furthermore, 30.83% of women are unpaid workers; either as housewives or helping others run businesses. Meanwhile, data published by the National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Eradication (TNP2K) revealed that the proportion of poor families headed by women has increased 1.09%, whereas for poor households headed by men the numbers have decreased 1.09% for the years between 2006 and 2012. TNP2K also observed how the depth and severity of poverty is worse for poor families headed by women than it is for those headed by men. Among poor families headed by women, poverty depth is reduced to only 19%, whereas for male-headed families it reached 25%. Various social protection and poverty eradication programs, including those targeted at women as the key beneficiaries, have been implemented yet access to these programs for poor families headed by women remain limited. The government has released the Draft Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) to provide greater focus and strategize on improving the people’s welfare and responding to problems. The government will focus on four key areas in 2015-2019:

1. Scale up efforts for sustainable economic development by increasing growth and income levels (per capita), while reducing inequalities, opening up more employment opportunities, lowering poverty rates, ensuring food and energy resilience, increasing the people’s mobility and encouraging production and consumption efficiencies.

2. Scale up efforts for sustainable social development that include better access

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to public services, gender equality in different facets of life, eliminating violence against women and children, implementing democracy (democracy index) and security.

3. Scale up efforts for sustainable environmental development that include the quality of water, air and land, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, protecting biodiversity, controlling pollution of the sea, coastal areas, rivers and lakes, and protecting sources of water.

4. Promote transparent, participatory and inclusive governance of development, while raising the minimum standard of services in all areas and sectors to support sustainable development in all aspects.

Specifically for gender mainstreaming, the government shall focus on three aspects:

1. Improve the quality of life of women and promote their engagement in

development processes. 2. Better protect women from violence, including the trafficking of persons. 3. Build the capacity of institutions related to gender mainstreaming and

women’s protection from different forms of violence. The data and information mentioned above points to how PEKKA’s consistent and strategic efforts in empowering female household heads can significantly contribute to easing the poverty situation for poor households headed by women. In regard to this, PEKKA given its limited capacity concentrates on several government priorities as the basis for developing its program throughout 2015 and in coming years.

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II. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF RPJMN 2015-2019

THROUGH PEKKA’S WORK

The proportion of poor families headed by women has increased 1.09%, whereas for

poor households headed by men the numbers have decreased 1.09% for the years between 2006 and 2012. TNP2K also observed how the depth and severity of poverty is worse for poor families headed by women than it is for those headed by men. Among poor families headed by women, poverty depth is reduced to only 19%, whereas for

male-headed families it reached 25%. Various social protection and poverty eradication programs, including those targeted at women as the key beneficiaries, have been implemented yet access to these programs for poor families headed by

women remain limited (RPJMN, 2015-2019)

PEKKA seeks to fulfill its vision of creating a life for women heads of poor households, within the Bappenas framework, that is prosperous, just and dignified. To pave the way for realizing this grand ambition, PEKKA has developed a strategic framework as illustrated in the following diagram.

Picture 2. 1 PEKKA Framework

PEKKA FRAMEWORK

COMMUNITY ORGANIZING ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION

REGION ISSUES COOPS HRD RESEARC PUBLICATION DATA CENTER

REGIONAL SECRETARIAT

FINANCE HRD SECRETARIAT

Strategic Impact

Pekka and other marginalized groups have access and control over basic needs,

resources and public services.

Pekka and other marginalized groups able to improve their livelihood and have social protection

Pekka and other marginalized groups actively involved in implementing, monitoring and

evaluating the development program

Goals

Family headed by women are having prosperous life

Output

↑ ↑ ↑ Commmunity

participation and control over decision making

increased ↔

Programs are developed based on beneficiaries needs ↔

Improvement of the policy, targeting system, and programs ↔

Family and Family Headed by Women are discussed

Objectives

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ Knowledge and Critical Awareness

Community based

organizations of Pekka and

marginal groups

↔

Community based data and information center

↔

Political will and effective policy

↔

Grass root movement for social change

↔

Community Based

Knowledge management

Strategic action

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑

Pekka organizing and empowering

Cadres and leaders

developmentCo

Community Based Poverty

Monitoring

Multi stake holders Forum

Advocacy Community Based

Initiatives - Pilot

Community media

Legal Framework

LAWS POLICY NORM AND VALUES

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Based on this framework, throughout 2015 PEKKA has conducted several strategic actions which directly and indirectly contributed to achieving the national medium-term development plan.

1. PEKKA’S STRATEGIC ACTIONS PEKKA has undertaken 7 strategic actions to make its vision and mission real.

1. 1. Organizing and strengthening PEKKA Unions This is a routine field activity that takes the form of regular Union meetings, training, developing new groups, and expanding out to other villages, sub-districts, districts and provinces. In 2015, at least 196 new groups have been formed in 120 villages, 43 sub-districts, 13 districts and 20 provinces, with membership multiplying to 2,996 people, in addition to 11, 870 participants. Since this activity was rolled out in 2002 until now, PEKKA groups have continued to grow, even though some groups have inevitably dissolved. The annual growth rate of groups reached over 10% with a drop-out rate of less than 1% at the group and individual level. The withdrawal of groups and individuals occurred in the early stage of organizing them in nearly all regions, and will only begin to stabilize after they have passed the third year. A total of 1,530 groups have been developed in 2015 with 28,197 members and 48,010 participants. No Region District Sub-

districts villages Groups Members Participants

2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015

1 Aceh 9 10 35 37 153 171 171 193 3,503 3,737 4,955 5,595

2 Sumut 2 2 9 12 28 39 74 98 1,272 1,667 1,866 2,425

3 Sumbar 2 2 2 2 11 14 46 56 1,029 1,053 1,395 3,605

4 Sumsel 2 4 8 9 42 45 76 86 1,390 1,644 1,806 2,189

5 Jabar 4 4 17 27 50 60 95 99 1,672 1,599 2,339 3,140

6 Banten 2 2 6 12 18 26 40 50 628 868 1,245 1,731

7 DKI 2 2 3 3 5 6 16 19 236 24 236 260

8 Jateng 5 6 14 16 42 56 76 116 1,421 2,243 1,753 3,008

9 Jogja 2 2 5 6 10 12 38 41 663 793 945 1,332

10 Jatim 1 2 2 4 15 20 33 24 478 472 896 1,236

11 Kalbar 5 8 13 21 52 65 115 127 1,929 2,024 2,720 3,605

12 Kalsel 1 1 4 5 33 31 65 62 1,449 1,427 1,829 2,076

13 Bali 3 4 6 5 8 9 14 19 213 278 302 459

14 NTB 4 4 13 14 61 63 166 182 3,897 3,937 4,878 5,532

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No Region District Sub-districts

villages Groups Members Participants

2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015

15 NTT 2 2 14 15 80 99 123 145 2,518 2,785 3,712 4,507

16 Sultra 3 5 16 20 59 68 72 78 1,298 1,571 2,603 3,439

17 Sulut 1 1 5 5 26 17 43 26 508 266 537 718

18 Sulsel 1 2 8 10 17 26 35 62 590 977 826 1,404

19 Malut 2 2 8 6 29 29 36 35 507 634 1,297 1,551

20 Sulbar - 1 - 2 - 3 - 12 - 198 - 198

Total 53 66 188 231 739 859 1,334 1,530 25,201 28,197 36,140 48,010

Table 2. 1 Table Growth of PEKKA Groups by December 2015

PEKKA groups are dispersed across 859 villages, 231 sub-districts and 66 districts in 20 provinces in Indonesia.. No Province District 2014 District 2015

1 Aceh Aceh Bireun, Aceh Barat Daya, Aceh Besar, Pidie, Aceh Timur, Aceh Jaya, Singkil, Aceh Selatan, Simeulu

Aceh Bireun, Aceh Barat Daya, Aceh Besar, Pidie, Aceh Timur, Aceh Jaya, Singkil, Aceh Selatan, Simeulu, Aceh Tamiang

2 Sumatra Utara (SUMUT) Kab. Asahan, Kota Tanjung Balai Kab. Asahan, Kota Tanjung Balai 3 Sumatera Barat (Sumbar) Sijunjung, Dharmasraya Sijunjung, Dharmasraya 4 Sumatra Selatan

(SUMSEL) Ogan Komering Ilir, Muara Enim Ogan Komering Ilir, Muara Enim,

Ogan Ilir, Ogan Komering Timur 5 Jawa Barat (JABAR) Cianjur, Subang, Sukabumi, Karawang Cianjur, Subang, Sukabumi,

Karawang 6 Banten Tangerang dan Pandeglang Tangerang dan Pandeglang 7 Daerah Khusus Ibukota

Jakarta (DKI) Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta Timur

Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta Timur

8 Jawa Tengah (JATENG) Batang, Pemalang, Brebes, Pekalongan, Tegal

Batang, Pemalang, Brebes, Kota Pekalongan, Tegal, Pekalongan

9 Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY)

Bantul, Gunung Kidul

Bantul, Gunung Kidul

10 Jawa Timur (JATIM) Bangkalan Bangkalan, Sampang 11 Kalimantan Barat

(KALBAR) Kab. Mempawah(dulu kab. Pontianak), kodya Pontianak, Kubu Raya, Bengkayang, Singkawang

Mempawah, Kota Pontianak, Kubu Raya, Bengkayang, Singkawang, Sekadau, Sanggau

12 Kalimantan Selatan (Kalsel)

Hulu Sungai Utara

Hulu Sungai Utara

13 Bali

Gianyar, Buleleng Gianyar, Buleleng, Bangli, Tabanan

14 Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB)

Lombok Barat, Lombok Tengah, Lombok Timur, Lombok Utara

Lombok Barat, Lombok Tengah, Lombok Timur, Lombok Utara

15 Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) :

Flores Timur dan Lembata Flores Timur dan Lembata

16 Sulawesi Tenggara (SULTRA)

Buton, Bau-Bau, Muna Buton, Bau-Bau, Muna, Buton Selatan, Buton Tengah,

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17 Sulawesi Utara (SULUT)

Bolaang Mongondow Bolaang Mongondow

18 Sulawesi Selatan (SULSEL)

Bone Bone, Maros

19 Maluku Utara - (MALUT)

Halmahera Utara, Pulau Morotai Halmahera Utara, Pulau Morotai

20 Sulawaesi Barat (SULBAR)

- Mamasa

Table 2. 2 Table PEKKA Locations by December 2015

Picture 2. 2 Pekka working area

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Tasik Mentodo (West Sulawesi)

Bebassian is a village nestled in the sub-district of Mamasa. It stands on hilly ground with

a dirt road running uphill in several sections before going downhill. During heavy

rainfall, most parts of the unpaved road leading to the village are difficult to pass through.

This makes it nearly impossible for local residents to go out of the village. The village

offers a scenic landscape with its surrounding pine trees and other forest vegetation

where a river streams below, and on the side of the mountain that leads to another village

lies many hot springs.

In November 2015, three groups were established in Bebassian, namely the Buta Tanette,

Sanggungguyun and Misa Kada groups. Membership in the Bura Tanette group consists

of 20 weavers. Bura Tanette literally means mountain foams, and group members liken

the group to foams that will to continue to increase over time. Sanggunguyun Tabu which

means a bundle of sugarcane, has 22 weavers as members. Meanwhile, Misa Kada

meaning ‘one mind’ has a membership of 10 weavers.

Every woman in the village can weave, including those married to men from areas

outside of the village. They were typically taught by their parents to weave at an early

age of 10. Tasik Mentodo, a group member, is only 11 and still in grade 6 of elementary

school. She lives with her grandmother following the divorce of her parents. Tasik was

keen to become a group member because she wanted to improve her weaving skills. She

weaves to pay for her school fees. In a month, Tasik can finish weaving a sarong.

Picture 2. 3 Traditional house in Desa Tasik Mentodo

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To strengthen PEKKA Unions, various forms of basic training are provided, including on vision and mission, the motivation to form groups, and managing savings and loan. Training is also provided to strengthen leadership skills and livelihoods according to the local context and needs, including on health promotion and entrepreneurial skills. No less than 18 types of training were available for women household heads and the local community in general. Total participants reached 8000 people from which 3% are from the public at large. No Training Activities Participants

Pekka

Non Pekka Total

F M

1 Vision building 2,278 - - 2,278

2 Group motivation 1,888 - - 1,888

3 Group and Association Management 353 - - 353

4 Community organizing 237 - - 237

5 Leaderships 100 - - 100

6 Business skills 390 15 - 405

7 Business management 179 20 - 199

8 Cooperative managemet 86 - - 86

9 Book keeping and financial administration 189 - - 189

10 Early Childhood Education Teacher 154 8 - 162

11 Literacy teacher 6 - - 6

12 Paralegal at district and national level 1,033 - - 1,033

13 Legal Empowerment for Community leaders 7 25 - 32

14 Legal Empowerment for family 29 39 41 109

15 Reproductive health and rights 420 - - 420

16 Community based data collection 106 - - 106

17 Permaculture 290 72 25 387

18 Technical aspect of video, radio, foto 14 - - 14

19 Exchange visits 73 8 - 81

7,832 187 66 8,085

Table 2. 3 Table PEKKA Training

Picture 2. 4 Vision mission, and group motivation training

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The Advantages of Becoming a PEKKA Group Member

I wrote this narrative of a PEKKA cadre in between attending the Regional PEKKA

Union meeting in Lembata, East Nusa Tenggara. Her name is Susana Saida, and she

recounted her experience when became a PEKKA member. “I was delighted and proud

for having joined PEKKA. Previously, I was never involved in any customary event such

as the sole oha dance. I used to observe from afar, when I would be glad to take part in

the dance. Now I am happy that I can join the dancers, and they readily accept me. This

means that I am being recognized and accepted. I am also pleased that through PEKKA

activities I can engage in dialogues with the government. There are many issues that my

community needs to deal with, and we can ask about this to the government. I had once

asked about a power issue. Why can’t the national power utility serve us directly? But

instead we get our power supply locally, and in every two days there is a power outage.

In addition, our well water tastes salty. I wish that the village have access to piped water

so that we have clean water to drink.” That was Susana’s response when asked about the

suggestions that she put forward during her dialogues with the government.

Susana also spoke about herself with pride: “I have 4 children. My two sons and a

daughter are now in college in Makassar. My third child is in high school, while the

youngest is in primary school. It has been 14 years since I became a widow. And I had to

take sole responsibility in raising my children. I borrowed money from the PEKKA group

to pay for my daughter’s college fees. At the PEKKA group, we were taught on how boys

and girls have the same right to pursue higher education. Every month I send IDR 1.5

million to my two children at college for their education. They lead a hard life there. I

will work hard to make sure that my children can reach higher levels of education unlike

myself who did not go to school. At PEKKA, I gained free knowledge which changes my

mindset, and I also receive training on vision and mission which gives me the spirit to

raise my children into becoming clever individuals“.

Susana, who deceptively appears to be a plain and uneducated woman, is in fact

broad-minded and with an extraordinary spirit. With the little knowledge that she

has, Susana is capable of fully absorbing it and turning it into concrete actions.

Susana has learned plenty from becoming a member of the PEKKA group. She

may not be a learned person and despite living in a remote area, Susana could

optimize her abilities to guide her family and nurture her children into becoming

successful individuals.

As a PEKKA staff member who have been assisting PEKKA Union activities, I

pray and hope that God Almighty will make the dreams of such exceptional

PEKKA women come true, and guide them into becoming noble individuals who

can be of benefit to others, and who can lead the world with compassion and

peace. Attending a regional forum meeting like this helps renew our spirit when it

has grown weary and worn out. It also helps me be more grateful of all the

conveniences and privileges in my life.

Written by Mien Rianingsih

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1. 2. Developing women cadres and leaders Developing women cadres and leaders at the local level is a strategy for ensuring the sustained efforts of empowering women household heads. Despite their lack of formal education, these women have enormous potential, including in terms of leadership, and are dedicated individuals. These women receive intensive training through in-class and out-of-class sessions and a mentoring system where they put into practice their acquired knowledge in real life. As a result, nearly 75% of the community organizing process conducted by PEKKA Unions is now taken over by cadres from field facilitators.

In carrying out their work, women cadres and leaders from the PEKKA community delegate roles and responsibilities according to their capacity, interest and ability to divide their time with their families. The more active trained cadres are in a region, the better the progress achieved by women household heads in the area. To date, no less than 5,900 women cadres and leaders have been developed through this program. They are spread across PEKKA locations. The average growth of cadres each year is over 15%. No Region Organization

Committee Tematik Cadres

Community Cadres

Public Leaders

2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015

1 Aceh 513 576 71 67 1 26 0 0

2 Sumatra Utara 222 294 51 50 0 0 0 0

3 Sumatra Barat 138 112 41 47 22 30 0 0

4 Sumatera Selatan 228 258 70 24 0 6 0 2

5 Jawa Barat 285 342 69 87 9 64 1 5

6 Banten 120 162 33 49 2 15 0 5

7 DKI Jakarta 48 15 0 0 0 6 0 2

Picture 2. 5 Pekka National Workshop on women’s movement in rural empowerment

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No Region Organization Committee

Tematik Cadres

Community Cadres

Public Leaders

8 Jawa Tengah 228 372 56 67 0 32 0 9

9 Yogyakarta 114 141 53 58 5 6 0 1

10 Jawa Timur 99 78 33 34 0 4 0 0

11 Kalimantan Barat 345 381 79 79 1 0 0 0

12 Kalimantan Selatan 195 186 24 30 1 1 0 0

13 Bali 42 57 13 14 0 6 0 1

14 Nusa Tenggara Barat 498 546 71 108 15 36 0 0

15 Nusa Tenggara Timur 369 435 77 139 34 37 0 8

16 Sulawesi Tenggara 216 234 32 52 0 11 0 1

17 Sulawesi Utara 129 78 47 11 22 8 3 0

18 Sulawesi Selatan 105 186 30 35 11 16 2 3

19 Sulawesi Barat - 36 - 6 - 0 - 0

20 Maluku Utara 108 105 20 17 0 0 0 0

Total 4,002 4,594 870 974 123 304 6 37

Table 2. 4 Table Cadres in PEKKA Locations by Activity Focus

Meanwhile, PEKKA cadres and leaders drop out due to various reasons, such as remarrying and must follow their husbands, preoccupied with household affairs or earning a livelihood, or other social problems. To deal with a decline in the number of cadres due to their withdrawal, cadres undergo multi-tiered training. Every cadre has their own area of focus according to their capacity and interest. They may have the expertise to function as a paralegal, literacy tutor, early childhood education tutor, cooperative administrator, or to promote political education.

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The Extraordinary Spirit of a PEKKA Cadre

I once again met with Ibu Hapsah, a cadre from the Akur Sabarataan group in South Kalimantan. Ibu Hapsah is from the first batch of cadres. She is unique in her own way. She is naïve, but very keen to learn. Every time she introduces herself she would say, “Ibu’s name is Ibu Hapsah. Ibu Hapsah is from the Akur Sabarataan group. Ibu Hapsah is from Tapus which is on the way to Banjarmasin”.

Ibu Hapsah always addresses herself by adding “Ibu” (an Indonesian term used to address a

woman) to her first name. Ibu Hapsah’s progress throughout the functional literacy program was remarkable. She can now read fluently. With her childlike demeanor it was endearing to see her learn to facilitate groups and to confidently speak before group members. The other cadres admire Ibu Hapsah for her perseverance in learning, as well as her curiosity, self-motivation and self-confidence. Once when I was sleeping next to Ibu Hapsah, she recounted events that linked her to PEKKA, beginning from her being taught how to read and write by a PEKKA National Secretariat staff, Moelyati, and her participating in a training course in Jakarta. When she retold her experience in attending the training in Jakarta, Ibu Hapsah shed tears. She said that she felt particularly incompetent at the time, but the training left an indelible impression. At the training course, she was asked to speak in front of the large audience. During lunch break, Ibu Hapsah quickly finished her meal and wasted no time returning to the training hall. She practiced speaking into the microphone which was still switched to on. This caused a commotion in the dining room as participants thought that the next training session had started. When they rushed to the hall, they saw Ibu Hapsah speaking as if she was addressing an audience. Fellow cadres from South Kalimantan were furious because they were embarrassed by Ibu Hapsah’s blunder. Ibu Hapsah mentioned how that incident only proves her determination to show that she can do what is expected of her. Ibu Hapsah is indeed naïve, but she has the strong will to learn. Occasionally, she would ask me to listen to her read to check the quality of her reading. Whenever Ibu Hapsah speaks of her husband, her expression appears to be full of sadness. Ibu Hapsah’s age is 10 years apart from her husband. Throughout their married life, the couple could barely make ends meet, relying mostly on their harvests to last them the whole year. For their daily income, her husband sells fish, but sometimes there was no work at all. Ibu Hapsah helps out by doing odd-jobs in the village. Sometimes she would serve drinks or clean the village hall, or photocopy documents. For such work, she earns roughly IDR 100,000 each month. She uses the money for daily household needs.

Gambar 2. 6 Hapsah activity in the Pekka group, Kalimantan Selatan

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According to other PEKKA members, Ibu Hapsah was not treated well by her husband. She however would never confide to the field facilitator. If she was asked about the problem, she would always say, “Husbands are like that”. And tears would roll down her cheeks. Ibu Hapsah is pleased whenever her husband leaves the house for an extended

time because only then would she feel at peace.

Written by Novia Dessy .AA

1. 3. Community-Based Welfare Monitoring

Community-based monitoring of household welfare focuses on building the capacity of women household heads to help keep track of the implementation of poverty eradication and social protection programs in the community. The two key instruments applied in this activity are SMS monitoring and citizen journalism from which the final product will be a village bulletin. Members of the community who have registered and undergone training can report to the person on duty at the local PEKKA Union regarding their monitoring of the local situation and how people are leading their lives. The PEKKA Union team will then select the information, classify them and make the necessary verification. Some of the selected news will be published in a village bulletin to be distributed to the community at large, while the other news items inform the PEKKA community for dialogues with the local government. The initiative was launched in 2014 and implemented only in 4 regions, namely East Nusa Tenggara, Central Java, Southeast Sulawesi and West Kalimantan. In 2015, at least 1, 205 reports have been received through SMS monitoring. Compared to the previous year, the number of incoming news has risen 90% with the highest increase reported in West Kalimantan at a tenfold increase. The most reported news item in all regions concern public services. No Category NTT Jateng Sultra Kalbar

2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015

1 Education 8 9 4 28 3 9 0 13

2 Health 19 1 20 50 7 15 0 29

3 Social 18 0 4 17 13 17 0 0

4 Politics 0 1 2 13 1 10 10 0

5 Legal and Justice 0 7 6 18 2 2 1 0

6 Economy 0 0 0 39 2 29 0 0

7 Foods 3 0 25 24 11 11 6 0

8 Culture 5 0 13 43 1 1 0 0

Picture 2. 7 Hapsah, Pekka cadre in

Kalimantan Selatan

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No Category NTT Jateng Sultra Kalbar

2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015

9 Infrastructure 2 8 8 42 15 29 0 10

10 Public services 25 19 45 22 23 46 0 54

11 Environment 13 5 18 30 16 21 0 70

12 Domestic Violence 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 1

13 Housing 0 0 1 1 0 7 0 0

14 Legal Identity 1 2 4 15 2 2 0 1

15 Spiritual and religion 1 4 2 25 0 12 1 0

16 Security 1 11 11 45 1 33 3 29

17 Poultry 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0

18 Agriculture 0 0 0 13 0 6 0 0

19 Traffic 0 0 1 48 2 9 0 0

20 Pekka 0 0 0 44 0 32 0 0

21 Tourism 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0

22 Others 0 0 0 54 0 12 0 40

23 Social protection 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8

24 Accident 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0

25 Corruption 0 0 4 0 2 0 0 0

26 Job 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL 108 72 170 572 102 306 21 255

Table 2. 5 Table SMS Monitoring Results by Category

The results of SMS monitoring were gathered, reviewed and selected by coordinators before publishing them in the village bulletin. Every region gets to name the bulletin as they see fit. For example, in Central Java the bulletin is named Lantang or the contraction of Lantunan Suara Batang (The Voice of Batang). Compared to 2014, the number of village bulletins published in every region increased over 100%, except for East Nusa Tenggara where in 2015 not a single bulletin was published because work was focused elsewhere. The content of the bulletins mainly concentrated on social protection. Bulletins are not only distributed to the PEKKA community but also to the public at large. The response was fairly encouraging as evident in the heightened sensitivity and awareness of the public on issues close to them, and having the initiative to discuss these issues with the government. Provinces

Name of

newsletter

Number of edition

Isue and Theme

2014 2015 Jateng Lantang

(Lantunan Suara Batang)

4 Edition

9 Edition

Health, Social, Agriculture, Pekka, Social Protection, Traffic, culture, tourism, legal and justice, Poultry, Infrastucture, foods, legal identity, education, social and environment, Rice Aid, JKN, housing, public services, religion, corruption, economic, Jobs, security, politics, traffics, security, tourism

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Provinces

Name of newsletter

Number of edition

Isue and Theme

Kalbar Cermin Peduli 2 Edition

4 Edition

Health, Social, Agriculture, Pekka, Social Protection, Traffic, culture, tourism, legal and justice, Poultry, Infrastucture, foods, legal identity, education, social and environment

Sultra Capung (Cerita Kampung)

1 Edition

3 Edition

Health, Social, Agriculture, Pekka, Social Protection, Traffic, culture, tourism, legal and justice, Poultry, Infrastucture

NTT Onekoda (Onet Nei Koda)

2 Edition

- Environment, Legal and Justice, Public Services, Foods, Education

Table 2. 6 Table Buletins published in every region in 2015

The Challenges of Enumerating the Poor

It was around 6 in the morning, a woman named Miskiah just passed by my front yard and she was clutching several pieces of paper. I greeted her warmly and asked, “Where are you off to?” “I’m helping my husband collect data,” she replied as she stopped by the house. She requested my help to provide information on households who own possessions such as refrigerators, televisions, modern toilets and cooking gas cylinders of over 5 kilograms. Miskiah who is the wife of the RT 02 neighborhood chief went on to say, “Since you live in RT 01 neighborhood and I am from RT 02 you would know better about your neighbors’ situation, so that I will not fill in the wrong data. That is why I need to ask you, because the people here will not tell the truth about what they own”. After hearing her explanation, I agreed to help her out.

Picture 2. 8 Pekka involving in National Survey, Nusa Tenggara Barat

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I took a look at the sheets of paper that she brought with her. They were forms for filling in data for eligibility to receive the Trisakti card. From the names listed on the sheets, I noticed that they were well-off people who are not eligible to receive the government’s social protection funds. Meanwhile, those who were truly entitled to such aid were not included in the forms. I was taken aback and felt enraged. I even thought of immediately going over to the hamlet chief’s house to protest if not for Miskiah who prevented me from doing so. On 15 July 2015, an executive meeting was underway at the Gerung PEKKA Center where I met one of the PEKKA cadres who informed that the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) needs an additional 5 names for each neighborhood. The PEKKA cadre obtained the information from the hamlet chief where she lives. Upon hearing this information, I immediately went to the hamlet chief’s house to propose additional names of people eligible to receive assistance but were not registered. On one particular day at around 4 a.m. after the pre-dawn meal before the start of fasting as it was during the fasting month of Ramadhan, I hurried to the houses of people eligible for aid but unregistered, and asked for their family identity card. It felt as though time was moving too slowly, as I was eager to hand over the family cards to the neighborhood head. At 8 a.m. I headed to the neighborhood chief’s house but found it empty. The neighbor told me that the neighborhood chief went to visit his mother. I then made my way to where the neighborhood chief’s mother lived. Before entering the front yard, I spotted the neighborhood head. I got off my motorcycle and said to him, “There is information that BPS requires 5 additional names for each neighborhood”. The neighborhood head then immediately made a call to the BPS officer in charge of data collection. He put the phone speaker on and I could listen in on the conversation. The neighborhood head said, “Someone here has informed me that certain members in the community are not registered yet deserve to receive aid”. The BPS officer replied, “Not now, registration is closed. We have given time for the hamlet chief to collect the necessary data but it was not done. During the meeting at the village office, no list was presented”.

Hearing the reply, I was furious and said, “I find it strange that you have not collected data on people who are entitled to aid, but instead put down the names of those who do not deserve it. You have no idea about the situation facing the people here when you were the one who arranged for the necessary papers when they got married. You should know about their situation”. Without realizing it tears were streaming onto my cheeks. I was deeply concerned over the plight of those who were in dire need yet are excluded. How can the local authority only notice the rich but dare not question why those who deserve aid are not in the list of recipients.

I refused to give up. I immediately called Muhae, a PEKKA cadre from the Dasan Geres Village who is involved as an enumerator. I asked her about the additional names for BPS, “Is it true about BPS needing additional names?” Muhae answered, “Yes, 5 people for each neighborhood”. To confirm this, I also phoned a college friend

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in Lingsar who is also an enumerator. She said, “Yes, absolutely true about the additional names, but I’ll ask the BPS officer again just to make sure”.

After hearing the answers from my friends, without thinking twice I called the neighborhood head to explain about the additional data. I asked him to look again at the manual given to us during training. In a flat tone, he answered, “Yes I will try to call the BPS officer and explain about the problem, and try to have the additional names in”. After a day has gone by, I made a call to the neighborhood head inquiring about the outcome of his conversation with the BPS officer. He said that the officer could not be contacted, but added, “Tomorrow morning the officer will be coming to examine the data that I have filled in”. Two days later, there was still no news from the neighborhood head. At first I wanted to call him, but all of a sudden felt ashamed for contacting him too often and repeatedly asking him about the matter. In the end I decided not to call him. At the time I was prepared to accept whatever the situation, but never ceased to pray to God Almighty and trust in divine providence.

On the 20th of the month of Ramadhan at 7.30 p.m. as I was leaving for my night-time prayer when I was at my mother’s house in RT 02, a woman came running and was out of breath. It was Miskiah, the wife of the RT 02 neighborhood chief. She rushed to see me to inform that the BPS officer had earlier come to her house. The officer enquired about residents who were not registered, and had asked to be accompanied to their houses. Her husband showed the officer where they lived. Upon personally witnessing their condition, the BPS officer said, “I am very saddened to see their situation”. The officer instantly handed the form for adding another 15 households.

As I listened to what Miskiah had to say, I could not contain my happiness. With a sense of relief, I prostrated to God as an expression of thankfulness and joy. I was unbelievably happy and straight away filled in the form from Miskiah with the names of citizens eligible for aid. Even though their names were registered, I knew that it did not automatically guarantee their receipt of the aid, but nevertheless I was ecstatic. I was thinking positively, and simply glad that I have done my best to make sure that they were added to the list.

Written by Murtini M, Secretary of PEKKA Union, West Nusa Tenggara

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1. 4. Multistakeholder Forum

Multistakeholder Forum Meeting on Social Protection in Madura

On 26 May 2015, the Madura PEKKA Union in East Java held a multistakeholder forum meeting at the residence of Mr. Apel (head of the local neighborhood) in the village of Jengkar, Tanah Merah sub-district in Bangkalan district. Meeting participants represented PEKKA members, Union executives, and cadres from Bangkalan, in addition to prominent community figures, village chiefs, the sub-district secretary as well local government agencies such as the Social Affairs Office, Manpower Office, Local Development Planning Agency, Women’s Empowerment Office, Education Office, Agricultural Office, Animal Husbandry Office, Rural Community Empowerment Office, Health Office and the Social Security Agency (BPJS).

From the list of invitations sent out by PEKKA cadres, only BPJS and the Health Office responded and were willing to attend the meeting. One day prior to the event to reconfirm attendance, other local government bodies still did not respond. Cadres were disappointed and pessimistic that the dialogue will manage to draw in as many local government agencies as possible.

Unexpectedly however, on the day of the meeting, all invited government agencies were present without exception, and the dialogue was carried out smoothly and public officials pledged their commitments. The Health Office for example, promised that it will ask PEKKA to coordinate the enumeration of poor women household heads eligible as beneficiaries and to register them for the SEHATI health card

issued by the local government from the local budget. The Agricultural Office on the hand, advised PEKKA groups to band

together or form a farmers’ group to access programs provided by the office. The Social Affairs Office informed that they have a range of programs available, including foster child care and social rehabilitation, and programs targeted at senior citizens and former migrant workers. PEKKA group members who are in need may contact the Social Affairs Office and submit a proposal.

Regarding the Indonesia Health Card and Indonesia Smart Card, the Health Office and Education Office are merely implementing bodies and not involved in data collection. They have no information on the latest development in the enumeration of beneficiaries. The Education Office suggested that for the less fortunate and those

Picture 2. 9 Multistake holders Forum in Desa Jengkar Madura

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needing scholarships can apply to the school principal by enclosing a copy of their social protection cards. The school principal will forward the application to the Education Office for accessing the scholarship program for school drop-outs. For the early childhood education program, citizens can contact the Out-of-School Learning Unit. Bappeda (Local Development Planning Agency) encourages PEKKA members to participate in musrenbang (development planning consultative forum) in December-January, and the sub-district musrenbang in February and district musrenbang in March.

After attending the dialogue, PEKKA members and cadres and the public felt that the multistakeholder forum meeting went well and satisfactorily. As described by the head of the PEKKA Union, “I did not expect local government offices to attend. It was great to have the opportunity to know them, and to learn more about their programs, duties and functions. Before it was difficult to make sure that they attend such dialogues. I also appreciated the fact that they stayed on throughout the dialogue until 2.30 p.m.”. The meeting may have ended, but its leaves behind plenty of work that still needs to be followed up, particularly in making sure that local government bodies make good on their pledged commitments. The first step that PEKKA Unions must take is to start collecting data in their respective regions.

The multistakeholder forum, specifically related to social protection and legal identity, functions as an advocacy arena in which women household heads can be involved at the local level. Through this forum, that engages state apparatus including local governments, community organizations and influential figures from informal networks, women household heads and other marginalized groups can have easier access to services and a complaints mechanism which they are entitled to. No less than 5000 people have participated in the multistakeholder forum organized by PEKKA communities in 16 PEKKA locations in 2015. From those participating, 40% represent the public at large and 24% are male. This reflects how PEKKA activities are no longer exclusive only to women household heads as was the case in previous years. No Region Participants Total Multistakeholder

Pekka Non Pekka Total

P L

1 Aceh 736 42 135 913 DPRA, Bappeda, Badan Penyuluhan Ketahanan Pangan, Dinkes, BPJS dan BPM Bupati, PA, Capil, Kemenag Sekda, Disdukcapil dan Mahkamah Syariah

2 Sumut 69 - 59 128 PA, Capil, Kemenag Pemkot Tanjungbalai (Wakil Walikota, Pemberdayaan Perempuan, Dinas Lingkungan Hidup, Dinsos) dan pemkab Asahan (Dinsos dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan) , DPRD Asahan

3 Sumbar 8 - 11 19 PA, BPJS Kesehatan, BPM, Dinsos, Ketahanan Pangan

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Table 2. 7 Table PEKKA Multistakeholder Forum

Apart from the multistakeholder forum, PEKKA Union executives and members also

paid visits to government agencies for dialogues and communicating their ideas and

concerns regarding the social and economic situation of the public in general, and women

household heads in particular. No Wilayah Total Participants Visits Multistakeholder

Pekka Non Pekka Total

P L

1 Aceh 46 34 22 102 PA, Capil, Kemenag Puskesmas

2 Sumut 192 - - 192 PA, Capil, Kemenag, KUA, PN BPPKB, Dinsos, Dinkes, Pertanian, Kesbangpol, Politehnik Tj. Balai

3 Sumbar 12 82 82 176 PA, Capil, Kemenag, Kesbangpol, BPJS, Bupati

4 Sumsel 86 - - 86 Kesra, PA, Capil, KUA, BPPKB, Dinas Peternakan, Ketahanan Pangan, Dinas Koperasi

5 Jabar 13 121 24 158 Dinas Pendidikan, Bappeda, kesbangpol, Dinsos, Dinkes PA, Capil, Kemenag, KUA, Kabag Hukum, Polres, KBPP

6 Banten 9 - - 9 Kemenag, PA, Capil, Dinsos, Dinkes, Puskesmas

7 Jateng 100 2 3 105 PA, Capil, Kemenag Dinas Pendidikan, dinkes, BPJS, KLH, Dinsosnakertrans,

4 Sumsel 160 - - 0 Bappeda, Dinsos, Disdik, Diskes, Kemenag, Capil, WCC

5 Jabar 76 144 138 358 PA, Capil, Kemenag, Dinsos, Kabag Hukum, Polres, KBPP

6 Banten 114 - 36 150 PA, Capil, Kemenag

7 Jateng 204 - 68 272 PA, Capil, Kemenag, BPMD

8 Kalbar 256 116 53 425 PA, Capil, Kemenag BPJS, Dinkes, Dinsos TKSK, Puskesmas, Camat, Lurah/Kades

9 Kalsel 2 10 14 26 HSU : Sekda, BP3A, Kemenag, Capil, PA

10 Bali 2 1 12 15 Capil, Kemenag (Bimas Hindu Budha), Dinas Pendidikan, Pertanian, Pariwisata, kesehatan

11 NTB 60 52 235 347 PA, Capil, Kemenag, Sekda, KUA, camat, Bappeda, Wakil Bupati

12 NTT 758 - 9 767 Dinas Ketahanan Pangan, Dinsos, Puskesmas, BPJS Capil, PA, LSM Bengkel APPEC

13 Sultra 306 304 404 1014 PA, Capil, Kemenag, Kabag Hukum, Dinsos, BPS, PU, Dinkes, BPMD, Pendidikan, Perikanan, Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan BKKBN, Kesra

14 Sulsel 156 - 2 158 Dinkes, BPJS, Dinsos, Pertanian, Ketahanan Pangan, Peternakan, Asda PA, PN, Capil, Kemenag, LSM MDC – Madrasah Development Center

15 Sulbar - - - 0

16 Malut 163 28 76 267 PA, PN Capil Bappeda, Dinsos & Tenaga Kerja, Pemdes, Dinas Pendidikan & OR, Dinkes, Padamara

3.070 697 1.252 5.019

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No Wilayah Total Participants Visits Multistakeholder

BPMD, Pertanian & Peternakan.

8 Jogja 20 - 9 29 Dinsos, Dinkes, Tenaga Kerja, Pemberdayaan Perempuan, Pertanian

9 Jatim 3 - 6 9 Pemda kabupaten

10 Kalbar 1 1 - 2 PA, Capil, Kemenag, KUA, Polsek Puskesmas BPJS, Dinkes, Dinsos, LPS AIR

11 Kalsel 57 10 9 76 HSU :Dinsos, BPJS, BP3A, Kesbangpol, Kemenag, Capil, PA BP3AKB Tabalong, BP3A Balangan

12 Bali 4 - - 4 Disdukcapil, PN, BLH, pariwisata

13 NTB 92 32 96 220 PA, Capil, Kemenag, Dinsos, BPMD, Ketahanan Pangan, BPJS, Dinkes, Bappeda

14 NTT 164 10 117 291 Pendidikan, PA, Capil, Kemenag

15 Sultra 49 2 10 61 PA, Capil, Kemenag, Kabag Hukum, Dinsos, BPS, PU, Dinkes, BPMD, Pendidikan, Perikanan, Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan BKKBN, Kesra, Kesbangpol, Bupati, Asda, BPJS

16 Sulut 19 9 9 37 PA, Capil, Kemenag,

17 Sulsel 141 27 48 216 BP3A, BPJS, Dinsos

18 Malut 2 - 5 7 PA, Capil, Kemenag

1.010 330 440 1.780

Table 2. 8 Table PEKKA Union Visits to Government Agencies

PEKKA communities have been positively affected by the existence of the multistakeholder forum and from the visits to government agencies. Through these activities, PEKKA communities are now more familiar with their stakeholders, specifically related to social protection. By way of continual dialogues and effective approaches, PEKKA communities can participate in various programs developed by stakeholders which can help them have easier and less costly access to services and programs for improving their well-being, albeit still limited to certain regions. The following table provides information on their access to aid and services in 2015 as the outcome of the establishment of the multistakeholder forum. No Region Type of Assistant Benefit/beneficiaries

1 Dinas Peternakan, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir, Sumatera Selatan

Cows 10 cows

2 PNPM Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir, Sumatera Selatan

Technical skills training to produce crackers

5 people


Technical skills training for fish processing Fish processing equipment

5 people


Traditional Hand Weaving training

10 people

5 Badan Pemberdayaan Perempuan, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir, Sumatera Selatan

Business management training 120 People

6 Badan Pemberdayaan Perempuan, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir,

Food processor to make crackers

Blender, stove, sealer, etc.

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No Region Type of Assistant Benefit/beneficiaries

Sumatera Selatan 7 Badan Pemberdayaan Perempuan,

Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir, Sumatera Selatan

Food processor 1 set

8 Badan Pemberdayaan Perempuan, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir, Sumatera Selatan

Food processor Oven and stove, press, Mixer

9 Diskoperindag Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalsel

Handicraft training 18 people

10 Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalsel

Handicraft training 6 people

11 Diskoperindag Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalsel

Exchange visit to Tasikmalaya 1 person

12 BLK Propinsi Kalsel Hair Beauty Salon 8 people 13 Penyuluhan Pertanian, Perikanan dan

Peternakan, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalsel

Home gardening training 35 people

14 Kepala Desa Sungai Binuang, Kalsel Land for Pekka center and garden

500 meter2

15 Dinsos, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalsel

Handicraft materials 3000 set

16 Diskoperindag Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalsel

Sewing mechanie 1 set

17 Dinsos Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalbar Fish processing training 5 people 18 Dinsos Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalbar Fish processor 1 set 19 LSM PPSW Borneo, Kalbar Food decoration training 5 people 20 PT Loreal Indonesia, Jakarta Hair Beauty Salon 33 people 21 Dinas Koperasi, Kabupaten Aceh

Besar Cooperative management training

10 people

22 Wakil Bupati, Halmahera Utara, Malut Donation for Pekka center IDR 6.000.000 23 BLK Disnakertrans Kabupten Batang,

Jateng Tailoring training for 36 days 20 people

24 Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Sijunjung, Sumbar

Seeds 7 package

25 Dinsos Kabupaten Sukabumi, Jawa Barat

Lamb breeding training 15 people

Dinsos Kabupaten Sukabumi, Jawa Barat

Lamb 18 lambs

26 BPMKB Kabupaten Subang, Jawa Barat

Laptop computer and operational cost of the center

IDR 25.000.000

27 KBPP Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat Scholarships for poor Pekka children (elementary and secondary school)

Community center Insentive for Pekka cadres

for 12 months

IDR 50.000.000


Sewing machines, garments equipment

2 unit


Food production materials 1 set


Food processor 1 set

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No Region Type of Assistant Benefit/beneficiaries

31 KBPP Kabupaten Karawang, Jawa Barat

Regional Forum Handicraft training

IDR 30.000.000

32 KBPP Kabupaten Subang, Jawa Barat Handicraft training Food production training

56 people

33 APBDes Desa Potorono, Kabupaten Bantul

Insentive and operational cost of Pekka cadres

IDR 600.000

34 Dinsos Kabupaten Bantul Food processor and equipment production

20 set for 20 people

35 Dinsos Kabupaten Bantul Plastic Recycling training 20 people 36 Banten, I care Community, Trans TV Waste recycling trainin g 30 people

Table 2. 9 Tables Access to Sources of Livelihoods

Aid does not necessarily come in monetary form, but can also be delivered in-kind such as production equipment, production materials, livestock, seedlings and construction materials. A piece of land had also been donated for building an activity center. Skills training is another form of assistance provided to women household heads in 2015. Such aid is typically provided by local government agencies under relevant ministries in the respective regions as recommended by PEKKA communities or according to the type of government program.

Women Should Not be Cattle Farmers

In an FPK meeting on social protection in South Sumatra, PEKKA Union members engaged in dialogues with stakeholders from the district of Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) concerning access to social protection programs. During the Q&A session, a member put across an idea to the Second Assistant to the OKI district government and Bappeda (Local Development Planning Agency), “We propose to breed cattle and need heifers to breed. PEKKA now has 10 bulls to be fattened up before selling them during the Eid Adha celebration. The bulls were all bought by using revolving soft loans from the PEKKA National Secretariat that was disbursed through the PEKKA Union Micro-Finance Institution. The cattle is healthy and in good condition. Field extension workers from the Animal Husbandry Office come every month to check on the animals”. Extension workers who were present at the meeting confirmed what she had said. “Yes, and as she said the bulls are in fine form and the cattle pen is cleaned up regularly. The bulls are well looked after and healthy.” A Bappeda representative responded, “Women should just propose to rear chicken or ducks because cattle farming is more difficult compared to poultry. Cattle farming is a man’s work.” The PEKKA Union head refused to stay silent upon hearing this and attempted to convince the Bappeda officer otherwise, “According to our own experience, women are capable of rearing cattle. We have proven this from the 10 bulls that have been reared well in the past 4 months”.

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Hearing this, the Bappeda officer will reconsider the proposal and replied, “Alright ladies, I will pay a visit to the cattle farm run by the PEKKA women in Tanjung Lubuk to personally see the condition of the animals up close”. A month later in late March, several PEKKA cadres received an invitation to a meeting at the Bappeda office. At the meeting, Bappeda expressed its willingness to provide 9 heifers and 1 bull for the PEKKA Union to manage. To follow-up on this offer, PEKKA Union must submit a proposal to the local government through Bappeda. Based on information from Bappeda, all 10 cows will be handed over soon in May. Furthermore, social protection services that were previously difficult to access by women household heads are now much easier to obtain. This is one of the outcomes of the multistakeholder forum and from the visits to the local government by PEKKA members. The BPJS (social security) cards and assistance to repair the houses of poor families are two social protection programs now accessible to women household heads in 2015. No Region The Assistant Benefit /

Beneficiaries

1 Dinkes Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir, Sumsel

Health Insurance funded through local government budget. Simple procedure, only show the ID card

500 people

2 Dinkes Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalbar

BPJS PBI cards for Serikat Pekka members. 376 people

3 Dinkes, Kota Pekalongan, Jateng

Bllod test equipment for older people assistant

1 set

4 Dinsos Brebes dan Tegal Home Improvement 2 family 5 Dinsos Kabupaten

Batang, Jateng Home renovation – as result of Pekka sms monitoring report

IDR 60.000.000 (for 10 people)

Table 2. 10 Table Access to Social Protection Programs

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Advocating for Health Insurance Coverage for a PEKKA Member Living with

Breast Cancer Zubaidah is a member of the Sanggar Jaya PEKKA group in the village of Wajok Hilir, Siantan sub-district in Mempawah district. She actively participates in monthly group meetings. She is a just a member, not a cadre. In a group meeting several months ago, a field facilitator was also in attendance. Towards the end of the meeting, Zubaidah unexpectedly lifted her blouse and showed the facilitator a lump on her breast. The facilitator looked concerned, but Zubaidah simply smiled and told her that it did not hurt. The middle-aged woman has breast cancer and she clearly does not realize that it is a life-threatening disease. Zubaidah told her story with a smile, and showed the lump to other group members. When the field facilitator asked whether she is registered with jamkesmas (health insurance scheme for the poor), she replied, “No”.

The facilitator requested the help of local village cadres to assist Zubaidah in applying for jamkesmas or BPJS. Since BPJS PBI (health insurance with premium waiver benefit) is no longer available, PEKKA cadres Awang and Anita with village cadre Susi and Zubaidah’s daughter had no other choice but to apply for BPJS Mandiri (health insurance without premium waiver benefit). To

apply for BPJS Mandiri, Zubaidah must have her family card, which consists of the names of 5 family members, separated into a new family card for two family members. In the end, Zubaidah is registered with BPJS. Zubaidah was finally brought to the provincial Soedarso Hospital in West Kalimantan which is located much closer to her house than the Mempawah District Hospital. At the hospital, there was nothing that the doctors could do because the cancer had spread to her lungs. With only some medicine in a plastic bag, Zubaidah and her family headed back home. When attending a cadre meeting in the sub-district, the field facilitator took the time to visit Zubaidah. Her cancerous tumor had ruptured, leading to a foul-smelling discharge. Zubaidah however was her usual self. She was smiling throughout, not a single expression of pain from her middle-aged features. She seemed resigned to her fate. It was heartbreaking to see, yet it was also amazing that she could still manage to smile. It turned out that Zubaidah has a sister who is blind and mentally unsound

Picture 2. 10 BPJS Health Card

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from an early age. Zubaidah has been the one taking care of her sister all this while. Knowing this was even more upsetting. The field facilitator told about Zubaidah’s plight to PEKKA colleagues across Indonesia. Many have been touched by the story and donated money to Zubaidah. At the time this piece was written, Zubaidah had been brought to the district hospital in Mempawah with the money donated by the PEKKA community. The diagnosis was the same as the one given by Soedarso Hospital. There was not much that the hospital could do, except to put her on medication and administered intravenous drips. The field facilitator asked cadres Awang and Anita, and group members accompanying Zubaidah at the Rubini Hospital to take photographs of her current condition, and urged them to bring attention to Zubaidah’s case to village officials and local legislators in the hope of finding a solution for her treatment. Or at least to get Zubaidah registered with BPJS PBI so she would not have to pay for her monthly insurance premium. We also sought information on herbal treatment that uses mangosteen skin juice and the decoction of soursop leaves. Zubaidah is now undergoing inpatient treatment at Rubini Hospital

1. 5. Evidence-Based Advocacy

To push for strategic change, particularly related to access to social protection and legal identity, evidence-based advocacy is of utmost importance. Two policies which advocacy work has focused on in 2015 are as follows: Regulations that promote easier access to affordable one-stop services for

legal identity documents In 2015, two national policies and 6 Memorandums of Understanding (MoU) were the outcome of PEKKA’s advocacy work with other institutions such as PUSKAPA UI under the Australia Indonesia Partnerships for Justice (AIPJ) program. These policies complement several other earlier policies which PEKKA has advocated for, including on integrated court proceedings available for resolving cases on legal identity documents specifically related to families, which are issued by stakeholders such as the Supreme Court, Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Religious Affairs.

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2014 2015

Policy Substance Policy Substance

Supreme Court Regulation No. 1/2014 on Guidelines on Legal Services for the Poor

Court fee waiver for the poor

Circular Letter of the DirGen on Guidance for the Muslim Community of 2015 on Fees for the Retroactive Registration of Marriages by the Court

The retroactive registration of a marriage based on a court decision is free of charge

Supreme Court Circular Letter No. 3/2014 on Procedure for Services and Examination of Cases Related to the Retroactive Registration of Marriages through Integrated Services

Services and case examination related to the retroactive registration of marriages are free of charge for the poor and application may be done collectively

Supreme Court Regulation No. 1/2015 on Integrated Services and Circuit Courts under the District Court and Religious Court for Issuing Marriage Licenses, Marriage Books and Birth Certificates

Regulates on the procedure for the delivery of integrated services and circuit court services, including court fee waiver (pro deo) for the poor

Government Regulation No. 48/2014 on Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP) Tariff of the Ministry of Religious Affairs

Free registration of marriages when applied at the civil registry office during working days and working hours

Aceh Province MoU of 24 February 2015 between the provincial Sharia Court, Provincial Civil Registry Office, Provincial Office and Provincial Sharia Office

Provision of integrated services for access to legal identity for the poor

Directive of DirGen on Guidance for the Muslim Community of the Religious Affairs Ministry No. 748/2014 on Technical Guidelines for PNBP

All registration of marriages at the integrated service unit are free of charge

Southwest Aceh

District, Aceh

MoU of 22 December

2014 between the Sharia

Court, Religious Affairs

Department and Local

Civil Registry Office


MOU of the Religious Court Body and Religious Affairs Ministry (August 2014) on Registration of Marriages

Buton District, Southeast Sulawesi MoU of 17 April 2015 between the District Head, Religious Court, Religious Affairs Department and PEKKA Union


Cianjur District, West Java MoU of 16 June 2015 between the Religious Court, Religious Affairs Department and Local Civil Registry Office


South Buton District, Provision of integrated

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2014 2015

Policy Substance Policy Substance

Southeast Sulawesi MoU of 18 March 2015 the District Head, Religious Court, Religious Affairs Department and PEKKA Union

services for access to legal identity for the poor

Hulu Sungai Utara District, South Kalimantan MoU of 10 November 2015 between the Religious Court, Religious Affairs Department, Local Civil Registry Office and BP3A (Agency for Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection)


Table 2. 11 Table Policy Products on Legal Identity in 2014-2015

These policies have made it much easier for women household heads and other marginal groups to apply for their legal identity documents for themselves and their families. In 2015, at least 7,740 cases on legal identity such as marriage licenses, divorce certificates and birth certificates of their children could be resolved by PEKKA paralegals in 11 regions by using the policies issued by stakeholders through the availability of integrated services. This is a staggering increase compared to 2014 at only 559 cases in just 2 regions. Various implementing policy instruments introduced by the central government have indeed managed to increase access to legal identity for women household heads and other marginal groups.

No Region The Assistant

Benefit / Beneficiaries

Region The Assistant

2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015

1 Sumut 36 15 29 15 36 13 130 -

2 NTB 104 782 102 773 104 822 18 471

3 Aceh 461 403 403 240

4 Kalbar 101 96 96 223

5 Jabar 301 257 257 364

6 Sultra 43 42 42 70

7 Malut 198 198 198 229

8 Sulut 37 31 31 32

9 Kalsel 40 20 20 11

10 Sumsel 70 70 70 30

11 Sulsel 47 36 36 46

140 2,095 131 1,941 140 1,988 148 1,716

Table 2. 12 Table Legal Identity Documents Issued through the Integrated Service System in 2014 - 2015

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We Now Have Legal Identity Documentation On Friday morning of 16 October 2015, some 70 couples were sitting anxiously at the rear lawn of the District Head’s office in Ogan Komering Ilir, South Sumatra, waiting for their names to be called out by the officer on duty. This is the day that they have long been waiting for. And this is also true for hundreds and even thousands of other married couples in the district. It is the day when their marriages are legally recognized by the state after decades of going unregistered. They are ready to go through proceedings at the Religious Court to have their marriages retroactively recognized. Through integrated services provided jointly between the Religious Court, Religious Affairs Ministry and Local Civil Registry Office and facilitated by the district government of Ogan Komering Ilir, the couple will finally have legal identity documentation in the form of a marriage book and birth certificates for their children. The couples are from 2 sub-districts, Pedamaran and Pangkalan Lampam. They are particularly pleased because not only will they finally have the necessary legal identity documentation, but they will get them for free. The local government is financing the program, which includes transport expenses for applicants. The day went on smoothly and satisfactorily. The success is attributed to PEKKA’s advocacy of the right to legal identity for the respective communities. In 2012, PEKKA cadres attempted to collect data on ownership of marriage certificates. They found a significant number of citizens without such documentation. With the available data, PEKKA cadres coordinated with the local and national government to ensure access to legal identity. In 2015, the district government of Ogan Komering Ilir eventually allocated budget for issuing marriage licenses for 750 couples and birth certificates for their children. The local government even plans to continue with the program until all married couples and the rest of the local citizens in Ogan Komering Ilir have the necessary legal identity documentation.

Picture 2. 11 Itsbat Nikah at the backyard of Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) Sumatera Selatan

district head office..

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Apart from the integrated services program, legal identity documentation is also accessible as a result of the routine facilitation of PEKKA paralegals in the respective regions through the conventional process which PEKKA paralegals have arranged for in the past five years. There has been a drop in the number of cases which PEKKA paralegals have helped resolved through the mainstream route compared to the previous year in nearly all regions. This is because most cases are now handled through the integrated service mechanism. In addition, the number of people without legal identity documentation continues to decrease since facilitation was provided more than five years ago. No

Province

Birth

Certificate

Marriage

Certificate

Divorce

Certificate Family Card ID Card

2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 1 Aceh 362 27 18 - 44 9 146 27 72 13 2 Sumut 1,177 186 266 79 2 1 227 77 251 13 3 Sumbar 737 35 289 86 9 - 302 47 81 9 4 Sumsel 353 63 - 23 4 1 249 177 14 8 5 Jabar 1,781 417 470 44 82 7 303 191 231 104 6 Banten 169 282 138 30 2 1 2 8 - 3 7 DKI Jakarta - - - - - - - 3 - - 8 Jateng 582 100 3 - 14 22 212 114 130 56 9 Yogya 22 11 - - - 1 5 17 10 4

10 Jatim 28 3 72 - 1 - 2 4 10 4 11 Kalbar 107 31 35 13 9 - 218 75 5 27 12 Kalsel 423 325 33 10 3 10 46 57 21 25 13 Bali - 103 2 136 - - - 47 19 - 14 Ntb 1,985 893 2,127 1,424 44 8 1,462 341 756 132 15 Ntt 884 571 60 379 - - 93 313 114 105 16 Sultra 360 191 2 102 2 - 215 90 43 23 17 Sulut 165 126 112 - 1 - 116 137 72 10 18 Sulsel 471 319 773 16 22 5 278 377 63 98 19 Malut 1,350 21 - - 55 - 56 - 37 -

Total 10,956 3,704 4,400 2,342 294 65 3,932 2,102 1,929 634

Table 2. 13 Table Facilitation of Cases on Legal Identity by Paralegals Other Than Through the Integrated Services Mechanism

Ensuring the visibility of women household heads through the national database system PEKKA works to ensure that women household heads are comprehensively recorded in BPS database by influencing questionnaires for the government data collection process in 2015. BPS welcomed PEKKA’s contribution, and added another column to insert Question 408: “If Married (404=2), Does the Husband/Wife (Name) Normally Live in this Household?” Column 408 is expected to provide data on the number of women forced to become the heads of household even though they are married. Evidence-based advocacy efforts are also conducted through TNP2K in charge of integrated database for poverty eradication.

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Muhae…. Entrusted to Examine Trisakti Data Muhae is a PEKKA cadre from the village of Dasan Geres, Gerung sub-district in West Lombok district, West Nusa Tenggara. The 29-year old woman has set up a small grocery shop at home. With only IDR 30,000 to start her business, the shop now is worth IDR 600,000. She started out selling in cardboard boxes to place what little goods she had to offer. As her capital increases, she was able to buy a small bench to arrange her goods, and now has a display case bought from honorarium money she received to help BPS collect data related to social protection programs (PPLS). Muhae was paid IDR 2.4 million for the job. She used IDR 1 million to buy the display case, another IDR 1 million to pay off her installment loan to the Micro-Finance Institution, and the remaining money for buying her children’s school uniform. Muhae’s children are in grade 5, grade 1 and the youngest in kindergarten. She divorced her husband three years ago after finding out that he married another woman. Her husband had left her for 2 years without any word. And because of her uncertain marital status, she decided to file for a divorce at the Religious Court. On one particular day, Muhae was approached by a village officer who asked her to come to the village office to see the head of the urban ward. At the village office, Muhae met the head and secretary of the urban ward who handed over the names of local residents listed as potential recipients of the Trisakti program. Trisakti is a social protection scheme introduced by President Jokowi that consists of 3 cards, Indonesia Healthy Card, Indonesia Smart Card and Family Welfare Card. Trisakti is still in the pipeline, and data of potential beneficiaries will be drawn from the list of raskin (subsidized rice for the poor) recipients. As the urban ward head presented the list of names to Muhae, he said, “Here is the Trisakti data from the head office. Can you please check and look at the names of those in it? You should know better about the people listed here. So please have a look and make a thorough check.”

Muhae accepted the sheets of paper and replied, “I’m sorry Sir, it’s not that I’m refusing, but shouldn’t you discuss my assignment with the neighborhood head. It will be awkward between the neighborhood head and me because I am a PEKKA cadre.” Despite the truth in Muhae’s reply, the urban ward head wanted to see improvements in the village and said, “I have noticed how you seem to be more concerned and more active in helping the people than the neighborhood head. He may not necessarily be able to do the job well. We also know how he only thinks of himself and he is dishonest.”

At the urban ward head’s insistence, Muhae agreed to take on the responsibility but asked that he explained the matter to the neighborhood chief to avoid a misunderstanding between the neighborhood head and Muhae. He agreed and instructed Muhae to work quickly and to also consult with the neighborhood chief. He informed that if she should come across citizens who are in fact eligible to receive the Trisakti card but not registered, she should add them to the list. “If you can finish this quickly, I will appoint you as coordinator,” the urban ward head

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promised Muhae.

Muhae examined the data on eligible raskin recipients and the names registered for the Trisakti card. She found the names of well-off citizens in the list, but some poor people were excluded. She discussed this with the urban ward head who gave her a form to add the names of the unregistered poor citizens.

Muhae collected the necessary data as instructed and the completed forms were handed over to the village office to be forwarded to the sub-district level. Several weeks later, Muhae asked the urban ward head, “How is the progress with the data, Sir? Many have kept asking me about the outcome.” He replied, “Tell them what is important is that the data has been collected and presented to the head office.” And that was the answer which Muhae gave when asked the same question.

Muhae has often been involved in collecting village data. When the BPS database was updated for PPLS 2015, she was contracted for 1 month as an enumerator. Muhae was invited by the urban ward head to undergo training for enumerators at the Jayakarta Hotel, Senggigi Mataram, organized by the District BPS for 3 days. Another PEKKA cadre from Lingsar was also part of the team of enumerators. An enumerator is tasked to collect data from door-to-door and check the necessary documents as proof of receipt of social protection assistance from the central or local government such as the BPJS and PKH cards. As an enumerator, Muhae may not fabricate data, and there are guidelines and criteria to determine who are categorized as poor or non-poor. From the registry of raskin recipients, many non-poor citizens are on the list, yet the poor are not. Muhae had to add at least 30 eligible households from her hamlet to the list from a total of 176 families enumerated. In other hamlets, only 5 names needed to be inserted. Muhae received information from other PEKKA cadres that the neighboring hamlet had some poor households that were not registered. Muhae approached a BPS officer and said, “If you don’t believe, just go down to the hamlet and check personally with the local residents.” He did visit the hamlet, but the list of additional names was not comprehensive enough as the enumerator refused to make any more additions. The trust given to Muhae by the urban ward head was not confined to data collection duties. He once offered Muhae the position of neighborhood head, seeing that she has done plenty for the people. She has helped local residents apply for their family cards, identity cards, marriage licenses, divorce certificates and birth certificates, and even in accessing BPJS. The urban ward head said, “I want you to be the neighborhood head because you are willing to work hard to help the people out.” Muhae simply smiled without saying a word. She told Riadul, a field facilitator in West Nusa Tenggara, about the urban ward head’s offer. Ria said, “Do you want to be the neighborhood head? This is a perfect opportunity for you, and you can do it. You

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Picture 2. 12 Tri Zaenah, Pekka cooperative leader in Desa Tulis,

Jawa Tengah.

have helped the people a lot.” Muhae answered, “Yes, but I have no money. If this involves money, I’m not ready. The cost of running for the position of neighborhood head can reach IDR 3 million.” “Well, you just tell the urban ward head that you don’t want any money involved,” advised Ria. Muhae felt that she has not gain the full support of her family and community. Some are supportive, while others are not. The village chief asked Muhae why she refused to be the neighborhood head when she has had frequent dealings with the village office. Muhae still believed that she is not ready. She felt that she still needs to learn. Muhae has frequently assisted residents in her hamlet and from the neighboring hamlet in applying for their family cards and identity cards. In both hamlets, 99% of the population has family cards and identity cards. Only 1% of them are without this documentation as they are mostly the elderly. Some residents from a nearby hamlet have insisted on Muhae to collect the necessary data as she is considered to be meticulous and will see that there are no inclusion errors where the non-poor are instead listed as recipients. Interviewer: Kodar Tri Wusananingsih

1. 6. Community-Based Initiatives One of the strategic actions for empowering women household heads is to develop community-based initiatives for addressing their common problems and challenges, such as in developing their sources of livelihood. Besides continuing with initiatives launched in previous years such as organic farming, KLIK-PEKKA, microinsurance and credit unions, in 2015 several new initiatives were introduced such as the PEKKA Mini Market, rice savings and loan scheme, and community-based tourism.

1. 7. Credit Union

The Ups and Downs of Managing a PEKKA Cooperative

Before joining PEKKA, I thought that a woman like me who did not even finish primary school could ever have the opportunity to learn many things. By becoming a PEKKA member I have in fact gained plenty of knowledge and have the ability to put it into practice. My name is Tri Zaenah and I am 57. I am the head of the household. Everyday I sell snacks at the Quranic reading school in the village of Tulis, Batang, where my daughter teaches. I am a PEKKA member since late 2003. I was then the head of the Mawar Tulis PEKKA group in my village. In the beginning, the PEKKA group was full of spirit because

there were many members. But for various reasons, the number of members has

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decreased and now only 12 people are actively involved. I am currently the head of PEKKA Wanita Mandiri’s Micro-Finance Institution which in late 2014 was granted legal status as a credit union named KSP Wanita Mandiri. Since becoming the head of the micro finance institution, I realized the weight of the responsibility vested in me. My experience in leading the PEKKA cooperative is invaluable to me. As I was entrusted to become the head, I was asked to represent KSP Wanita Mandiri in several training courses on cooperative management from the district to provincial and national level. I was provided with theoretical and practical knowledge on computer-based bookkeeping. Imagine a woman like me who did not even graduate from primary school can operate the computer and a mouse. I remember the first time I was given computer lessons. It was extremely hard to control the mouse as it was too quick. Luckily I was not the only cooperative manager there as there were other younger managers who could assist me. Putting it into practice is even more extraordinary. Managing a credit union is extremely difficult. Society no longer knows how to be decent people. Not paying installment loans is fine to them. There is hardly any sanction. It has been so difficult to collect outstanding loans. Even the signed letter of agreement is ignored. Fortunately, there are far more members who pay their loans on time. This relieves me. It is a source of pride for a PEKKA cooperative manager to have many members who regularly save money and repay loans in a timely manner. There is even a greater sense of satisfaction when organizing the Annual Meeting of Members (AMM). Prior of AMM, I have to work overtime to finish administrative work. Sometimes even during the night before AMM, I will still be asking my neighbor to break money into smaller denominations to be given out as dividends. It is however simply satisfying to see the happy faces of members when receiving their portion of the shared profits. All the exhaustion and frustration when counting and checking the amount of each share is worth it. Although there is considerable administrative and bookkeeping work that still needs to be done, I hope that the PEKKA cooperative will continue to grow and develop, with many businesses to run, and can increasingly be relied on to improve the welfare of its members. The credit union is an effective instrument for economically empowering communities. Despite the challenges in managing a credit union, the PEKKA community will not only have access to sources of financing for developing livelihoods, but also have control over their cooperative. They are not merely borrowers, but also owners of the cooperative. Significant changes are evident over time in regard to members’ increasing ability to save and borrow.

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No Region 2014 2015

Savings Landing Savings

1. Aceh 732,155,453 10,732,967,100 247,245,000 11,300,732,100

2. Jabar 245,204,200 5,345,369,300 288,655,350 5,826,039,300 3. Jateng 301,120,402 5,856,880,800 294,927,900 3,197,699,500 4. Kalbar 591,189,021 6,549,816,627 627,833,940 3,874,474,875 5. NTB 310,382,600 6,743,076,050 717,465,700 8,850,291,797 6. NTT 3,027,310,992 19,229,861,165 3,569,469,956 32,613,851,150 7. Sultra 152,051,125 4,070,278,050 286,972,430 4,564,170,000 8. Malut 27,461,000 84,810,000 27,461,000 84,810,000 9. Sumut 154,487,500 1,768,508,000 11,236,200 2,451,586,500 10. Sumsel 152,484,500 1,186,877,000 319,928,500 3,180,577,500 11. Sumbar 17,359,000 325,800,000 32,744,500 489,800,000 12. Banten 127,212,000 679,880,400 135,106,750 957,282,800 13. Yogyakarta 48,766,079 378,515,000 69,386,617 767,951,000 14. Jatim 24,812,000 223,816,800 56,215,500 595,946,400 15. Kalsel 67,152,000 469,670,000 131,499,000 1,714,050,000 16. Sulsel 83,542,400 912,243,400 51,233,500 1,089,573,400 17. Sulut 20,948,500 41,080,000 97,058,000 493,350,000 18. Bali 9,995,500 61,300,000 28,344,000 65,439,000 19. Dki Jakarta 50,020,500 32,791,000 50,020,500 32,791,000 20. Sulbar 8,584,000 288,333,500

Total 6,143,654,772 56,131,704,367 7,152,514,143 82,178,749,822

Table 2. 14 Table Growth Trend of PEKKA Credit Union.

Members’ savings have collectively grown to over 15% from the previous year. Nevertheless, based on data for each region, a significant drop in savings is evident in Aceh, Central Java, North Sumatra and South Sulawesi. This is because members have been withdrawing their savings for household needs. As the financial situation of many households took a turn for the worse this year, it has consequently affected members’ ability to save. This drop in savings is also due to the withdrawal of members and dissolution of groups. For regions where there is still an upward trend in the amount of savings, this is attributed to the improved economic condition of households, the growth of groups and expanding membership. As is the case for savings, accumulated loans disbursed by December 2015 have also increased, while in several regions the numbers have seen a downward trend. Certain regions such as East Nusa Tenggara, North Sulawesi, North Sumatra, South Kalimantan and South Sulawesi, experienced a sharp increase in total loan turnover due to the disbursement of revolving funds from PEKKA. PEKKA members have indeed been fairly active in borrowing from their cooperative in order to meet their needs, including secondary needs for housing and asset purchases. The activeness of members in saving and borrowing shall affect the amount of year-end dividend received by every member.

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Annual Meeting of Members of LKM SISKOM Tapak Perempuan Pesisir The Annual Meeting of Members (AMM) is a grand occasion for members of the Tapak Perempuan Pesisir (TPP) LKM SISKOM (Community-Based Micro-Finance Institution) which will be held for the first time in 2 years. TPP LKM was established late 2011. The inaugural AMM was attended by 128 LKM members, the sub-district head, hamlet chief and representatives from the Local Industry, Trade and Cooperative Office. TPP LKM is the first PEKKA microfinance institution set up in the district of Asahan in North Sumatra which extends to the Tanjungbalai sub-district. It now has a membership of 445 people divided into 31 groups. Membership savings reached IDR 55,504,000, while the working capital turnover for revolving funds amounted to IDR 312,185,000.

TPP LKM started out with group savings and loan activities before it was merged with other LKMs at the district level or the nearest sub-district. It began with self-raised funds generated from membership primary savings deposit of IDR 50,000 when they first joined the LKM and can be paid in installments for a year. Each month, members pay IDR 2,000 as compulsory savings deposit. In the beginning it was not easy to encourage women household heads to set aside money for their savings deposit. However, with persistence and perseverance the results have been encouraging. During emergencies when they need money, members can use their savings. During the first AMM, TPP LKM shared IDR 35,758,371 in profits with members. This is a fairly large amount of money for an LKM that was only established two years ago. LKM managers were pleased with this achievement. It was beyond their expectations. The holding of AMM has made members even keener to continue with their savings and loan activities at the LKM. They are particularly pleased with their share of the profits which they see as the direct result of their savings. For LKM managers, AMM is a form of their accountability to members for the management of LKM finances. It is hoped that AMM can be held annually to allow LKM managers to present their accountability report to members who will also be receiving their annual share of the profits.

Written by: Rika Mamesti, North Sumatra field facilitator Edited by: Kodar Tri Wusananingsih

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1. 8. PEKKA Mini Market The initiative to develop a retail store to meet the daily needs of women household heads (PEKKA Mini Market) is the outcome of PEKKA Union’s reflections on the challenges in developing productive enterprises in times when resources are increasingly difficult to come by. Given an expanding membership base as an organizational strength, the idea to develop a retail store became a strategic move as it will permanently be capturing a market that consists of its own members. Furthermore, the initiative is believed to have a competitive edge over other conventional retail stores that can now be easily found from the sub-district to the community level. Its long-term goal is to also independently produce various basic commodities for members and the community in general through a retail system that will be profitable for its members. Most products sold at the mini market are still purchased from the main producers or wholesalers. As a consequence, not only will the mini market be highly dependent on producers, but profit margins will be low. Every region has different priorities and approaches, depending on the local context. Some focus solely on supplying rice, whole others diversify their products to include other basic needs, including organic vegetables grown by members. By the end of 2015, the PEKKA retail store has been developed in five regions totaling 40 mini markets. No Region Year of

establishment

Initial

Capital

(IDR)

Development

1 Desa Lalole, kecamatan Siompu, kabupaten Buton Selatan, Sulawesi Tenggara

Mei 2015 1.700.000 7.020.000

2 Kota Pontianak, LKM Sejahtera Kalimantan Barat

Januari 2016 534.000 Sembako

3 LKM Pekka Mandiri Sungai Raya, Kalimantan Barat

30 Januari 2015

1.000.000 1.500.000

4 Kelompok Sumber Rejeki, Batang, Jawa Tengah

2015 2.700.000 3.300.000

5 Gabungan kecamatan Gerung, Labuapi dan Kuripan, Lombok Barat, NTB

Januari 2015 9.000.000 50.000.000

6 Gabungan kecamatan Jonggat dan Pringgarata, Lombok Barat, NTB

Agustus 2015 5.900.000 6.950.000

7 Gabungan kecamatan Lingsar dan Narmada, Lombok Barat, NTB

November 2015

6.000.000 12.000.000

8 Kelompok Cahaya Ikhtiar, Desa Bagik Payung Induk, Kecamatan Suralaga, Kabupaten Lombok Timur

Februari 2014 1.300.000 4.000.000

9 Kelompok Annisa Sejahtera Desa Bagik Payung Induk, Kecamatan Suralaga, Kabupaten Lombok Timur

Oktober 2014 1.000.000 12.500.000

10 Desa Redontena, Kecamatan Kelubagolit, Flotim

2010 1,100,000 15,199,000

11 Desa Adobala, Kecamatan Kelubagolit, 2010 1,000,000

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No Region Year of

establishment

Initial

Capital

(IDR)

Development

Flotim 12,000,000

12 Desa Keluwain, Kecamatan Kelubagolit, Flotim

2008 875,000 10,000,000

14 Desa Hinga, Kecamatan Kelubagolit, Flotim

2010 1,000,000 6,000,000

15 Desa Mangaaleng, Kecamatan Kelubagolit, Flotim

2010 1,000,000 3,700,000

16 Kelompok Kelinci, Desa Lamapaha, Kecamatan Kelubagolit, Flotim

2013 1,000,000 9,800,000

17 Kelompok Tapang Holo, Desa Horinara, Kecamatan Kelubagolit, Flotim

2010 1,000,000 4,900,000

18 Kelompok Kiden Susah, Desa Nisa Nulan, Kecamatan Adonara, Flotim

2011 350,000 1,627,000

19 Kelompok Ibunda, Desa lambuna, Kecamatan Kelubagolit, Flotim

2014 810,000 7,000,000

20 Kelompok Ata Kiden, Desa Kolimasan, kecamatan Adonara, Flotim

2014 1,900,000 3,545,000

21 Kelompok Lewo Koten, Desa Weranggere, Kecamatan Witihama, Flotim

2014 1,500,000 2,780,000

22 Kelompok Mawar, Desa Lewobunga, Kecamatan Adonara Timur, Flotim

April 2015 1,500,000 3,200,000

23 Kelompok Asoka, Desa Lewobunga, Kecamatan Adonara Timur, Flotim

April 2015 1,000,000 2,450,000

24 Kelompok Kabenasipek, Desa Koli Padan, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Juni 2012 1.300.000 8.700.000

25 Kelompok Pasir Putih, Desa Palilolon, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Juni 2012 450.000 3.570.000

26 Kelompok Inak Senaren, Desa Tagawiti, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Agustus 2012 1.000.000 3.589.000

27 Kelompok Tulatuen, Desa Beutaran, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Juli 2013 1.000.000 2.475.000

28 Kelompok Gawe Gere, Desa Beutaran, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Juni 2013 1.050.000 8.345.000

29 Kelompok Lembah Nyiur, Desa Lamawara, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Juni 2012 1.000.000 4.560.000

30 Kelompok Bunga Naga, Desa Lamawara, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Juni 2012 2.614.000 8.700.000

31 Kelompok Maju Bersama, Desa Riang Bao, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Maret 2014 1.600.000 6.754.000

32 Kelompok Soron Sare, Desa Bunga Muda, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Maret 2014 1.900.000 3.545.000

33 Kelompok Pantai Damai, Desa Waowala, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Januari 2014 400.000 2.100.000

34 Kelompok Soga Naran, Desa Waowala, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Februari 2014 745.000 2.435.000

35 Kelompok Korohama, Desa Watodiri, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

April 2015 550.000 2.450.000

36 Kelompok Kasih Ibu, Desa Tanjung Batu, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Agustus 2014 450.000 1.335.000

37 Kelompok Nuba Onen, Desa Amakaka, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

Maret 2014 678.000 2.230.000

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No Region Year of

establishment

Initial

Capital

(IDR)

Development

38 Kelompok Peduli Anak, Desa Lemau, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

April 2014 800.000 2.450.000

39 Kelompok Nimo Beto, Desa Laranwutun, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

April 2015 1.000.000 2.450.000

40 Kelompok Ina Tao, Desa Kolontobo, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Lembata

April 2015 950.000 2.985.000

Table 2. 15 Table PEKKA Mini Markets

The retail business has been fairly profitable and has developed satisfactorily. In nearly all regions running this business, the annual growth in sales has been more than encouraging at 200%.

NTB PEKKA Union Introduces the PEKKA Mini Market

The PEKKA Union of Gerung sub-district in NTB (West Nusa Tenggara) is in the middle of setting up a PEKKA Mini Market, a retail store to meet the community’s basic needs. The idea for establishing PEKKA Mini Markets was developed at the recommendation of Roem Topatimasang and Jo Hann Tan, consultants with expertise on community organizing who were assisting the PEKKA National Secretariat to evaluate and explore potentials at the community level as the outcome of community organizing work that PEKKA has long been involved in. One of the recommendations put forward to PEKKA Unions, specifically in NTB, was to set up the PEKKA Mart which is a mini market that caters to the daily needs of

Picture 2. 13 Jo Hann Tan and Roem Topatimasang are facilitating Pekka members inthe planning for developing Pekka Supermarket, Nusa

Tenggara Barat

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PEKKA members and the community at large. The recommendation was made following observation of the growing number of mini markets sprouting even in out-of-the-way villages. The retail business is predominantly owned by large capital owners when it should be in the control of the community. Hence, the recommendation for PEKKA Union to seize upon this market opportunity and develop its own PEKKA Mart. The PEKKA Union has a clearly identifiable market which are members spread across 4 districts.

The PEKKA Mart in Gerung sub-district is managed by 3 people – manager, treasurer and secretary – elected from among PEKKA Union members during a Union meeting. As the mini market is not physically present as yet, the sales mechanism is specially designed. For marketing, PEKKA members will act as the distributor assigned to collect data on the basic necessities that PEKKA

members need and distribute the goods to each group in their respective villages, and hand in the money earned from the sales.

Each village has 1-3 distributors, depending on the number of PEKKA members in the village. Distributors will receive 10% of profits.

Gerung PEKKA Mart will make purchases according to the recapitulation of orders taken by the distributors. The mini market currently serves 3 sub-districts namely Gerung with 8 villages, Kuripan with 2 villages and Labuapi with 2 villages. If there is a large quantity of goods to be delivered, several distributors will collectively rent a vehicle to send the ordered items to the village. Rental fees will be shared according to the number of items delivered. Apart from serving households, PEKKA Mart also supplies other retailers. Goods supplied to shops and to households are sold at a different range of prices. The price offered to shops is the market price, whereas for households it is the same as the retail price at the given location. Many women household heads have now chosen to open up their own retail shops. PEKKA Mart has now been running for 16 months. Supervisors in charge of record-keeping and purchasing, and distributors will get their share of the profit. The profit-sharing arrangement is as follows: 5% for PEKKA members who shop at PEKKA Mart, 10% for supervisors, 10% for distributors, 25% for reserve funds (capital, covering losses, etc.) and 50% for paying installment loans to LKM (micro-finance institution).

PEKKA Mart’s storage house is currently located at the Gerung PEKKA Center. The range of items available to meet the daily household needs includes detergent, soap, shampoo, rice, cooking oil, sugar and coffee. As the mini

Picture 2. 14 Pekka SuperMarket in Nusa Tenggara Barat

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market will not run the risk of holding a large inventory, goods are purchased according to incoming orders. During the Ramadhan fasting month and celebrations of the birth of Prophet Muhammad, there will typically be a surge in orders that normally need 2-3 pickup cars to deliver them. In Ramadhan and the Eid-Fitr celebrations following it, the amount of cooking and baking ingredients and eggs ordered by customers can fit into a pickup car. The vehicle would normally be packed with 100 boxes of cooking oil in one-kg pouches where a box contains 12 of these pouches. From PEKKA Mart’s nearly two years of experience, supervisors can now determine when they should buy cooking oil, flour, soy sauce and sugar, and how much of each item. PEKKA Mart’s retail mechanism was developed according to the retail experiences of the field facilitator. PEKKA members at first were not interested in the idea, but the facilitator managed to convince them. They eventually agreed to start the business, initially selling sugar, cooking oil and coffee, and later following up on suggestions to include detergent, soap and other necessities. PEKKA Union and the field facilitator also conducted a small survey to find out more about members’ needs and their purchasing behavior such as where they would normally buy their groceries and at what price. Following the survey, there were discussions on items to be sold and the pricing strategy in order to be able to compete with the market and other retailers. PEKKA Mart originally caters only to individuals for their household needs. Later, there were also orders from shop owners. Start-up capital borrowed from LKM amounted to IDR 3.6 million. Within 6 months, the money managed to generate a profit of over IDR 3 million which was divided to PEKKA members who are customers of PEKKA Mart, distributors and supervisors in charge of taking orders and keeping records. When the business first started out, PEKKA members were not interested. Customers were initially limited only to PEKKA Union executives. PEKKA members later on began to order items because not only are the prices cheaper, they can also pay later. The rest of the community soon after also became customers and paid in installments within a month. The difference is that the general public will not be entitled to business profit. In several villages in Gerung, local residents are pleased with the operations of PEKKA Mart because they usually buy from creditors who come to the village every month in a small box truck. Goods from these creditors are more expensive. The price of a bar of soap for example is IDR 3,000 which normally costs only IDR 2,000, and detergent costs IDR 22,000 from the usual price of IDR 14,000.

PEKKA members and the local community in general have begun to feel the benefit of doing business with PEKKA Mart. Muhae once interviewed Nurul who owns a grocery shop and buys her supplies from PEKKA Mart. “The mini market has been most helpful because without any capital money how can we start selling and build a business. PEKKA Mart however makes it possible for me to do this. It offers low prices and I can get a share of the profit,” said Nurul. Muhae also interviewed Riok, a

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buyer. “My daily expenses are not as much as before. Previously, if I don’t have any money, I can’t buy anything. The prices are also cheaper compared to other shops.” Amen, another buyer also agreed, “It is less expensive and we can pay what we owe later. This is helpful for people like us brick laborers who do not earn money every day.”

PEKKA Union plans to set up a PEKKA Mart kiosk in front of the Gerung PEKKA Center, and buy a pickup car to deliver goods. Due to the current lack of funds, the immediate plan is to buy a motorcycle where its rear section will be modified to resemble a small box truck under the KAISAR brand.

Information provided by: Riadul Wardiyah, NTB field facilitator Interviewer: Kodar Tri Wusananingsih

1. 9. Arisan Sembako and Rice Savings and Loan Scheme

The rice savings and loan scheme is an initiative that aims to revive the tradition of many communities in Indonesia who collectively store staple food such as rice in a collective barn. The initiative was implemented earlier by the PEKKA Union in West Kalimantan. In 2015, PEKKA Union in NTB (West Nusa Tenggara)

introduced the initiative to help members cope with the drought season. During the harvest season,

members store their harvested rice in a collective barn established at the PEKKA Center. Members can borrow the amount of rice needed by returning the same quantity of rice after a certain period of time.

ARISAN SEMBAKO In facilitating groups in the district of Tangerang (on-site facilitation), we, the facilitators, experience difficulty in getting members to commit in attending meetings other than for savings and loan purposes. This is because many credit unions have now emerged (competing with Kosiva and other NGOs) that offer larger amounts of loan with no obligation to regularly attend meetings as long as members pay their installments in full. As we provide facilitation for empowering communities, regular meetings among members are a necessity. Apart from savings and loan activities, we also provide other forms of assistance as needed by group members. Facilitators have come up with an alternative idea. Since conventional rotating savings and credit groups are mostly about the accumulation of money, we

Picture 2. 15 Rice savings and borrowing in Nusa Tenggara Barat.

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thought of a similar scheme but it involves the pooling of basic goods (arisan sembako). An in-kind group savings scheme like this is still rarely organized. What is important for us is to have members regularly attend group meetings. Arisan sembako can be an alternative activity to gain the commitment of members. Arisan sembako can for example focus on the pooling of eggs under the following terms: Every member deposits 2 eggs (the pooled amount of eggs will depend on the

number of members participating in the group)

The time interval between each drawing of lots can be negotiated among

members, whether it would be on a weekly, biweekly or monthly basis.

If a member cannot attend a meeting but deposits the eggs by proxy, and her

name is drawn from the lot, the name is returned to the lot draw as only

members attending the meeting can win the lottery.

Members can benefit from this scheme. They may use the collection of eggs for own consumption or as business capital (for making cakes to sell, etc,). However they choose to use the eggs will somewhat ease their household burden. Nearly all groups have organized their own arisan sembako. They feel that it is more beneficial for them. The type of basic necessities involved in arisan sembako differs according to the needs of members. It can be either rice, cooking oil, sugar, eggs, instant noodles or others. This activity has been carried out since November 2015.

1.10. Community-based Tourism – The Story of Adonara In 2015, community-based tourism was developed specifically in tourism potential regions such as East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara and Bali. Although still in its embryonic stage, this initiative has gained momentum following the visit of a group of international tourists to Adonara in East Flores. This experience will help further consolidate the initiative.

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The First Visitors to NTT’s Community-Based Tourism Destination

Picture 2. 16 Susan Sarandon – a famous Hollywood movie star a the first guest of community based tourism of Pekka in Nusa Tenggara Timur.

On Sunday, 11 October 2015, PEKKA Union cadres and executives in East Flores

assembled at Longot Beach in the village of Riawale. After waiting for over an hour,

Patty, owner of the “Silolona” boat, and six American tourists finally pulled into the

shore. They were greeted with the “Nige” traditional dance performed by PEKKA

women before they were directed to the Maria Longot Cave. Inside the cave, candles

were lit and the guests were enlightened about the history of the cave and the mass burial

ground in it. Several minutes later, the local women escorted the visitors to the Senitawa

PEKKA Center to watch another dance performance, and enjoy the local delicacies such

as the jagung titi corn chips and young coconuts.

After a short rest, the guests paid a visit to one of the earliest villages in

Helanlangonwuyo. At the village, PEKKA women had arranged a weaving exhibition,

along with a weaving demonstration, and showed the guests how they make jagung titi.

An hour later, the local women brought the visitors to a traditional house in

Helanlangonwuyo Village. The customary elders spoke on the origins of the gading

culture in Adonara. As it was almost noon, the guests were returned to the PEKKA

Center in Senitawa.

At the PEKKA Center, the local women had prepared a traditional lunch and entertained

the guests with a rendition of traditional songs and shared their stories. According to

Patty, the guests were impressed with the visit and plan to return with a smaller group to

help the community around the PEKKA Center tackle the problem of clean water

shortages. Before the visit ended, Patty advised the PEKKA women to keep supporting

each other in preserving the local culture. She is also proud of the struggles that these

women have gone through to keep their culture and tradition alive.

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During the reception at the ancient village, Patty had informed that the guests were film

artists and directors from the United States. The local women however were not familiar

with them. Even until the end of the visit, the local women were not particularly keen on

taking photographs with the guests. The visitors on the other hand had used the

opportunity to capture the moment by posing with the local women. Several days later,

some of the local women recounted the visit and uploaded a photograph of them with the

guests on Facebook and Whatsapp. When the team from the PEKKA National Secretariat

saw the photograph, they noticed that one of the visitors was a well-known Hollywood

actor who received an Oscar in 1996. This however was oblivious to the local women

who rarely watch Hollywood movies or read about them.

1. 10. Developing sources of organic food In an effort to enhance food self-sufficiency, to reduce reliance on the market, and cut down on food expenses, since the last three years an initiative has been launched to develop the permaculture method for organic farming. The PEKKA community has been using different approaches including by combining vegetable gardening and rice cultivation. Although production remains limited, these efforts have been an effective empowerment tool as they have managed to renew PEKKA women’s spirit and enthusiasm in producing their own sources of food. By 2015, at least 10 hectares of land have been cultivated for organic farming and managed by women household heads in different regions. The size of land being cultivated has expanded nearly 300% compared to the previous year.

No Region Land Coverage (m2) Participants

2014 2015 2014 2015 1. Aceh 17.825 4.371 342 97 2. Kalimantan Barat 8.538 13.006 131 111 3. Nusa Tenggara Barat 12756 13.006 185 108 4. Sumatera Utara 600 13 5. Sumatera Barat 60.000 120 6. Sumatera Selatan 850 5 7. Jawa Tengah 786 56 8. Sulawesi Tenggara 400 3 9. Sulawasi Barat 30 88 10. Nusa Tenggara Timur 1.600 140 11. Maluku Utara 250 100 Jumlah 39.199 101.393 658 841

Table 2. 16 Table Organic farms and vegetable gardens

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When Coastal Women Farm…

By: North Sumatra PEKKA Union

PEKKA’s crop farming activities which began in October 2015 have enriched members in Tanjungbalai sub-district in Asahan district with new experiences and added another dimension to their lives. Women in coastal areas mainly earn a living by peeling prawns and coconuts and selling clothes on credit. Now they are attempting to grow crops. Despite not having any agricultural experience, the crop farming initiative has compelled them to learn how to dig, use the sickle, build fences and other types of work needed to cultivate crops.

The crop farming initiative at first did not elicit the response desired from PEKKA members in Tanjungbalai because they have never done any agricultural work before. However, after several discussions on food resilience and local initiatives that the local community can undertake, the crop farming initiative came up. It became even more relevant given the situation facing the coastal community where during high tide, the fishermen cannot go out to sea which means no stable income. If the agricultural land cultivated for the crop farming initiative is managed well, it can be an alternative source of livelihood for women-headed households. It will also allow family members to improve their nutrition intake as PEKKA members and the community at large can access sources of healthy food at lower prices compared to the market.

Concern over land availability is another challenge in implementing the initiative. Coastal areas are not known for their surplus of acreage, and houses are built close to each other. After discussions with PEKKA members in Tanjungbalai, one of them eventually agreed to borrow her land for cultivation. Crops are cultivated on a 20 x 30 m2 plot of land belonging to Faridah, a PEKKA member. The land is on loan for two years to the PEKKA crop farming team for free.

From early on in developing the initiative, coordination is of utmost priority, beginning from the establishment of a team to conduct crop farming activities, to the delegation of duties among team members, and preparing a work plan and budget plan. These responsibilities are not easy for the team to fulfill, even when several members in the team are used to growing plants. The team is led by Nuraini who enjoys gardening and has more spare time than the rest of the team. The team is also managed by 14 other members.

There have been changes since then to the formation of the team as several members felt it was heavy work, and were exhausted from cultivating the land. This is understandable as they are unaccustomed to working at the field, and according to treasurer Lindawati, it is even the first time for them to hold a farming hoe and spading fork. Nevertheless, they have been appreciative of the opportunity as they have at least gained a new experience.

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The first step that members had to take was to clear the land. It was covered in long grasses, and some large trees had to be removed. The team then leveled the ground, loosened the soil and built a perimeter fence. The coastal women did all this work on their own.

Some local residents criticized the efforts made by PEKKA members. They believe that farming is not suitable for coastal areas and rarely undertaken by coastal communities. They have doubts over PEKKA members’ ability to succeed in cultivating land on a coastal area. Despite the unfavorable response from the community, the team remains optimistic. Their motivation is to gain experience and engage in a positive activity in the community, and they would be even more grateful if the endeavor turns out to be an additional source of livelihood for their families.

2. DEVELOPING COMMUNITY-BASED INSTITUTIONS As a strategy for the sustainability of PEKKA and its community organizing work, since

2014 several initiatives have been developed as the embryo of autonomous institutions

that will support PEKKA’s work in the future. These initiatives are related to specific

areas of focus.

2. 1. KLIK-PEKKA To further develop legal clinics (KLIK-PEKKA) initiated in 2014, the program was

broadened to several other PEKKA locations in 2015. KLIK-PEKKA has been beneficial

for members of the community who wish to consult on issues related to legal identity.

PEKKA paralegals and lawyers from legal aid institutions and universities provide free

consultancy services to the public, available in regular scheduled sessions. Most cases are

followed up by the paralegal and lawyer until the cases are resolved. In 2015, there has

been a fourfold increase in the number of cases on legal identity that were consulted,

while the number of non-legal cases rose tenfold compared to 2014. No

Peovinces

2014 2015

Village Freq Legal

cases

Other

cases Village Freq Village Freq

1 Sumut 3 3 59 10 13 15 376 55

2 Jawa Barat 6 6 362 20 14 4 929 22

3 Jateng 2 7 279 23 17 24 605 143

4 Kalbar 5 8 160 50 5 8 337 8

5 NTB 2 2 301 19 1 1 134 0

6 NTT 5 9 1028 25 18 24 4398 554

7 Sulsel 3 3 646 0 8 9 762 24

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8 Malut 2 2 823 0

9 Sulut 6 6 77 0

10 Aceh 6 6 692 673

11 Sumsel 1 1 186 15

Total 26 38 2835 147 91 100 9319 1494

Table 2. 17 Table Cases Consulted with KLIK-PEKKA in 2015

2. 2. PEKKA CENTER As the hub of community-based activities, especially for women household heads,

PEKKA Centers have been developed since 2004 through self-funding and non-binding

aid. In 2015, three new centers were officially opened, namely in Bone – South Sulawesi

which was formed in 2014, in Batang – Madura, and in Sijunjung –West Sumatra. There

are now 36 main PEKKA Centers in total, located in 12 provinces where PEKKA

operates. Apart from being activity hubs, these centers are also where women household

heads develop their businesses. Although the journey towards developing PEKKA

Centers has not always been smooth, the entire process has allowed PEKKA cadres and

communities to draw valuable lessons, specifically in resource management.

No

Location Address Year of

establish-

ment 1 JABAR, Cianjur Sukanagalih 2010

2 JABAR, Sukabumi Desa pamuruyan 2012

3 JABAR, Karawang Desa Kalibuaya 2010

4 JABAR, Subang Desa Sirap 2008

5 JATENG, Brebes Jl.Raksa RT 05 RW 03 Blok Dahlia Kec.Larangan Kab.Brebes -Jateng 52262

2008

6 JATENG, Batang Desa Tulis RT 15 RW 04 Kec.Tulis Kab.Batang - 2010

Picture 2. 17 The launching of Pekka Centers in Sumatera Barat and Jawa Timur attended by Pekka Director and multistakeholders members in that areas

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No Location Address Year of

establish-

ment Jateng 51261

7 JATENG, Pemalang Jl.Lingkar Utara RT 06 RW 12 Kec.Petarukan Kab.Pemalang -Jateng

2010

8 NTB, Lingsar Desa Karang Bayan 2010

9 NTB, Gerung Desa Suka Makmur, Dsn Ketejer 2011

10 NTB, Jonggat Desa Gemel 2011

11 SULTRA, Button Kel. Lakambau, Kec. Batauga, Button Selatan (Center pekka Kambalagi)

2011

12 SULTRA, Buton Kel. Wolowa, Kec. Wolowa ( center pekka cempaka) 2006

13 SULTRA, Buton Kel. Bungi, Kec. Mawasangka Timur , button Tengah (Center Manuru )

2004

14 NTT, Kelubagolit Desa Hinga, Kelubagolit 2008

15 NTT, Adonara Desa Nisa Nulan. Center “Aba Tawan”

16 NTT, Ile Boleng Desa Riawale

19 KALBAR, Kubu Raya Kec. Rasau, Desa Rasau jaya umum 2010

20 KALBAR, Sei Raya Kec. Sungai Raya, desa sungai ambangah 2010

21 KALBAR, Pontianak Kel. Parit Mayor, kec. Pontianak Timur 2010

22 ACEH, Aceh Besar Desa Seumereung 2011 23 ACEH, Pidie Desa Jiem 2010 24 ACEH, Bireun Desa Teupin Kupula 2009

25 ACEH, Kuala batee Desa Alue Padee 2010

26 ACEH, Aceh Timur Desa Kp Blang 2010

27 ACEH, Aceh selatan Desa Tutong 2010

28 ACEH, Aceh Barat Daya

Desa Gunung Cut 2009

29 ACEH, Aceh Jaya Desa Lhok Geulumpang 2009

30 ACEH, Aceh Singkil Desa Tanah Bara 2010

31 SULUT, Bolaang Mongondow

Desa Montabang, Kec. Lolak 2014

32 SULSEL, Bone Desa Cellu, Kec. Tenete Riatang Timur 2014

33 BANTEN, Tangerang Desa Kemiri, Kemiri 2014

34 SUMSEL, Ogan Komering Ilir

Sirah Pulau. Padang 2014

35 SUMBAR, Sijunjung Jorong Sungai Ampang, Nagari Sungai Lansek, Kec. Kamang Baru

2015

36 JATIM, Bangkalan- Madura

Jl.Tanah Merah, Tanah Merah 2015

Table 2. 18 Table Main PEKKA Centers in 2015.

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Construction Completed, But No Refunds (South Sulawesi)

On 21 May 2015, twenty one PEKKA Union executives and PEKKA groups gathered for

a meeting at the PEKKA Center. One of the key agendas is to discuss the construction of

the PEKKA Center. Most meeting participants expressed their dissatisfaction. They

questioned the excessive cost of workers which reached IDR 70 million and building

materials (floor tiles, fixtures, etc.), and why the construction project manager did not

consult with the PEKKA committee and executives when making decisions.

At the meeting, the project manager made an attempt to defend her actions by blaming

the PEKKA committee and other PEKKA executives. “You did not advise me, and left

everything for me to handle,” she argued. Her statement angered the others, and intense

arguing ensued. Sadar spoke of an error made regarding the price of floor tiles.

The head of the committee summoned the worker hired to construct the center to the

meeting and asked him to explain himself to the attendees. He came with a friend, and

seemed furious. Several women in the meeting looked frightened. “Why did you ladies

accepted the offer for IDR 70 million? The construction is completed and the money is

not refundable,” the worker said in anger. Four women had the courage to question the

excessive cost but low-quality work. The worker responded crossly, and a heated

argument could not be avoided. The quarreling even shifted to the issue of “extramarital

affairs”. He defended Sadar and Salmah, and put the blame on the women who criticized

him. Seeing that the situation has gotten out of hand, the facilitator from the PEKKA

National Secretariat ended the Q&A session, and asked the worker and his friend to leave

the center.

To follow up on the outcome of the meeting, and to probe into any irregularities in the

construction of the PEKKA Center in Bone, the meeting decided to appoint 3 people to

form a team to look into the matter. The team has the following tasks to complete:

Ask for a reduction in the worker’s fee

Negotiate the price of materials, such as floor tiles, fixtures, etc.

Ask the head of the committee to provide valid proof for any expenditure worth over

IDR 1 million

Return any remaining project funds to the National Secretariat’s bank account

Ask for official proof from the public power utility

2. 3. PEKKA HAIR SALON Since 2014, PEKKA has partnered with L’Oreal CSR for developing hairdressing courses

and establishing PEKKA hair salons. This is an initiative to help women household heads

develop productive enterprises. Despite its weaknesses, this initiative has been well

received by the PEKKA community as it is closely related to a woman’s interest in self-

beautification. By the end of 2015, five PEKKA hairdressing training centers have been

established in Karawang, Sukabumi, Cianjur, Pontianak and Lombok with 226

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participants. At least 50% of trained participants are now working in PEKKA Beauty

Salons, or have opened up one in their respective areas. No Detail Region

Karawang Sukabumi Cianjur Pontianak Lombok Total

1. Angkatan Ke 1 10 8 10 23 23 74

2. Angkatan Ke 2 20 8 5 10 43

3. Angkatan Ke 3 9 17 24 50

4. Angkatan Ke 4 13 15 22 50

5. Angkatan Ke 5 9 9

Jumlah 61 48 61 33 23 226

Table 2. 19 Table Participants of PEKKA HairdressingTraining

2.4. ALTA KARYA

A proportion of PEKKA women are artisans and producers of various sales-worthy

products. Their products however are only sold at local markets. To broaden their

marketing networks to the national level, PEKKA has developed the Alta Karya initiative

to help PEKKA communities better market their products. Through Alta Karya, products

made by women household heads can be accommodated, promoted and sold to the

national market. Alta Karya has participated in a number of national exhibitions to

promote these products. By late 2015, Alta Karya has made significant progress as

evident in the upward trend in the sales of products. Products marketed through Alta

Karya are mainly handicrafts and food items. In the long run, Alta Karya is expected to

develop into a productive business unit that can support community organizing work in a

sustainable manner.

Picture 2. 18 Weaving from Nusa Tenggara Timur, the product of Alta Karya produce by Pekka members.

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No Provinces Product Values (Rp) Profit (%)

1 NTT Kain Tenun 14,000,000 28% Tas 3,500,000 20% Kerajinan anyaman 1,174,000 0%

2 NTB Kain Tenun 7,112,500 22% Kerajinan anyaman 11,223,500 22%

3 Sultra Kain Tenun 4,250,000 26% Makanan 2,740,000 22%

4 Aceh Dompet dan tas Bordir 31,444,000 43% 5 Jateng Pakaian 3,025,000 26% 6 Kalsel Kerajinan anyaman 2,595,000 69% 7 Sumsel Kain Songket 16,000,000 - 8 Jogjakarta Kain Batik 7,450,000 20%

Kerajinan kain 2,710,000 42% 9 Bali Kosmetik 45,000 11%

10 Sulsel Kain Tradisional 2,175,000 14% 11 Sulbar Kain Tradisional 7,410,000 34% 12 Jawa Barat Kerajinan tangan 653,500 13%

Makanan 977,500 88% 13 Sumut Kerajinan 250,000 22% 14 Banten Makanan 85,000 0%

TOTAL 118,820,000 36%

Table 2. 20 Table Marketing of PEKKA Community Products at Alta Karya

PEKKA Union Succeeds in Stimulating the Local Market in Morotai,

North Maluku

In the village of Bere-bere, North Morotai sub-district in Morotai district, North Maluku before PEKKA entered the area, a local marketplace has been built for 2 years but has been left idle. After PEKKA made a presence in the village and formed groups, during a training session on vision and mission, discussions touched on the issue of the unused village market. Training participants wished for the functioning of the marketplace which will set the village economic wheels in motion. At the end of the training session, participants drew up an activity plan for the PEKKA group to implement. One of the planned actions is to engage in discussions with the village and sub-district government and to convince them to activate the market which has been lying idle for two years since it was constructed. One of the group members is the wife of the sub-district head. In terms of membership criteria, she does not qualify as a PEKKA group member. However, she was keen to learn from PEKKA because as the sub-district coordinator of PKK (Family Welfare Program) she has observed how PEKKA activities are different

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from those conducted by other organizations. To know more about PEKKA’s activities, she applied to be a PEKKA member in the hope of acquiring knowledge which she can put to use in PKK. She was highly impressed with PEKKA training on vision and mission which she took part in. “PEKKA’s training material on vision and mission was very good, and the training method and presentations were interesting. I hope that activities like this continue. I also wish that once the market gets going, it will always stay active. I hope that as community organizers, PEKKA groups will continue to coordinate with the village government to make sure that the market is functioning.” Two weeks after the vision and mission training, the Morotai local market was finally officially opened for the local population to benefit from. PEKKA group members are sellers in the market. Men who used to be mobile vegetable vendors in the village are now also selling in the market. The local marketplace is now a hive of activity, the villagers are pleased and the village economy is regaining its pace.

2.5. PARADIGTA AKADEMY

Picture 2. 19 The Training for mentors and management of Paradigta Academy

Paradigta Academy is an initiative for empowering and supporting poor women at the grassroots level in carrying out their leadership functions in order to help women and other marginalized communities lift themselves out of poverty, and to be free from oppressions and injustices. The term paradigta originates from ancient Javanese word pardigta which means a woman who stands tall and strong. This word aptly reflects the situation for women household heads who in spite of the hardships in life remain resilient and unfazed. Paradigta Academy is designed as an educational process to support the emergence of women cadres and leaders from

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PEKKA’s empowerment process which will enable them to set out into the wider public domain at the village level. Some of them today have succeeded in contributing to the larger system among others by becoming the village head. The structured educational system applied in Paradigta is expected to accelerate the process of developing visionary grassroots women cadres and leaders who are capable of making a meaningful contribution to the their village and society in general. By the end of 2015, Paradigta Academy has made the necessary preparations that include developing a curriculum, modules and manuals. The academy will be fully functioning in 2016 where at least 400 rural women cadres are targeted to undergo training.

3. KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTS To document PEKKA processes and progress on the ground, and to share invaluable

knowledge and actual experiences, PEKKA as was the case in previous years have

developed knowledge products in print and visual form. In 2015, the PEKKA National

Secretariat team has produced 8 videos on the profile of PEKKA communities, advocacy

work and mentoring activities. No Production by

region Description

1 PEKKA Video

Profile for

Banten

Portrays the bittersweet struggles of PEKKA cadres in forming new groups.

This is unique for the region compared to previous efforts where groups are

usually established by field facilitators.

2 PEKKA Video

Profile for

Bolaang

Mongondow,

North Sulawesi

Shares the experiences of PEKKA cadres who have joined PEKKA groups

and how this has benefited them.

3 PEKKA Video

Profile for

Sijunjung, West

Sumatra

Tells the story of PEKKA cadres, Sukmawati and Ermawati. Sukmawati has

had to cope with the successive deaths of her loved ones, including her

husband, parents and brother to whom she relied on. It nearly drove her to

insanity. However, since joining PEKKA she made new friends and felt that

her life now has hope and a future to look forward to. Ermawati on the other

hand chooses to live alone in a small house rather than stay with her children

Picture 2. 20 Socialization of Paradigta Academy in several areas attended by community members and stakeholders.

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No Production by

region Description

who are all married and have their own families. She enjoys the freedom of

an independent life.

4 PEKKA Video

Profile for

Hulu Sungai Utara,

South Kalimantan

Depicts the life of PEKKA cadres and their struggles to rebuild their lives

and become the main breadwinner of the family, and their hopes and dreams

for a better life for their children and themselves.

5 Video Jalan

Martabat in

various regions

Under the coordination of PEKKA Unions, services are provided to ensure

access to legal identity in cooperation with the Religious Court through

circuit courts where services for the retroactive registration of marriages are

available at the village level.

6 Video on KLIK-

PEKKA in Central

Java and Asahan

(North Sumatra)

KLIK-PEKKA is implemented in Central Java and North Sumatra under the

coordination of PEKKA Unions in the respective region. Through KLIK-

PEKKA, local residents can apply for their legal identity documentation such

as having their marriage retroactively registered in court to obtain a marriage

book and subsequently be able to apply for the birth certificate of the

children. KLIK-PEKKA involves 3 government agencies – Religious Court,

Religious Affairs Office and Civil Registry Office. PEKKA Union cadres

help organize this activity.

7 Video on CO

Mentoring in North

Halmahera, North

Maluku, NTB, and

Southeast Sulawesi

Shows the process of organizing communities in 3 provinces where PEKKA

operates. The purpose of community organizing (CO) is to stimulate

discussions on shared issues and the most effective solutions. Discussions

are followed by an analysis of local potential and situation to plan for the

appropriate activities tailored to the local context.

8 Video on MSF

2015

Jakarta

Documents the multistakeholder forum meeting related to legal issues with

participants from all PEKKA locations from 19 provinces. Participants

include district heads, and representatives from the Religious Court and

Local Civil Registry Office. The meeting specifically focuses on efforts to

improve access to legal identity for the poor.

Table 2. 21 Table PEKKA Video Production in 2015

In 2015, PEKKA produced a documentary drama in wide-screen film format. The film was produced in partnership with Biru Terong as an institution with the experience in making docudramas. Filming took place at the islands of Adonara and Lembata. The film involves the local women household heads, both as actors and film crew. It provides a comprehensive picture of PEKKA’s work in empowering the local women and the dynamics involved. The film is expected to be launched and widely screened in 2016. Apart from the videos and film, another knowledge product is a bulletin named Cermin. This year, four editions of Cermin have been published. In cooperation with consultants from INSIST and SEAPCP, a book titled Melawan Keganjilan was also produced. The book presents the results of a monitoring and evaluation process conducted by the independent consultants.

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III. INSTITUTIONAL AND NETWORK PARTNERSHIPS PEKKA has long been an active member of several national and international networks.

Through these networks, PEKKA makes the most of the opportunity to continually learn

in order to further consolidate PEKKA’s work in the future. Furthermore, PEKKA forges

partnerships with other organizations for specific purposes according to the need and

expertise.

Institution-

Network

Country Activity PEKKA’s role

Institution-

Network Country Activity PEKKA’s role

ASPBAE Asia Pacific Asia Pacific Regional Workshop

on Gender, Education, Skills and

Work,

Facilitator and

resource person

NAMATI Global Legal Empowerment Leadership

Course

Active participant

Center for

Global

Development

USA Social Accountability Research

Initiative workshop

Presented

PEKKA’s case

study

Zardozi Afghanistan Training on organizing women’s

groups

Organizer of

comparative

Picture 3. 1 PEKKA networking at National, Regional and International level

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Institution-

Network

Country Activity PEKKA’s role

study and

learning process

Toraja Melo Indonesia Developing weaved products in

Adonara and Lembata

Program

organizer and

implementer

Sister in Islam

(SIS)

Malaysia Workshop on organizational

strengthening for women as

single parents

Facilitator and

consultant

ALIMAT Indonesia Training on Islamic Family for

religious scholars in various

regions

Program

organizer and

implementer

COADY

Institute

Canada Scoping study of the Citizenship

as Agency

Organizer of

research and

research team

member

INDIGO Australia Fundraising for scholarships

intended for the children of

women household heads

Institutional

recipient of

scholarship

ASIA LINK ASEAN-

Australia

Women’s leadership development Participant

Biru Terong Indonesia Production of PEKKA film Film producer,

crew and actors

Table 3. 1 Table Institutional and Network Partnerships

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IV. FUNDING In financing programs, PEKKA is still wholly dependent on grant aid from donor

agencies. In 2015, the amount of funding fell 13% compared to 2014. Apart from

continuing with ongoing programs in the previous year, in 2015 PEKKA received a new

source of support from KOMPAK, specifically for developing Paradigta Academy, albeit

only 1% of PEKKA’s total funding. Support from MAMPU is still the main source of

PEKKA funding, accounting for 50%. Meanwhile, JSDF which has been PEKKA’s main

donor for over 10 years since its establishment, has progressively reduced its support

from 31% in 2014 to less than 1% in 2015. Graph PEKKA Sources of Funding in 2014-2015 There has been a shift in the allocation of funds for PEKKA activities in 2015 compared

to the previous year. The most significant change is observed in the subgrant component

which decreased to over 20%, while the training and workshop component rose to more

than 25% compared to the previous year. These changes are necessary to remain

consistent with the areas of focus in 2015 which prioritized on the growth and

consolidation of new groups that require intensive facilitation and capacity building.

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

Subgrant Training & Workshop

Consultant Services

Goods Operational Costs

23,92%

38,07% 33,54%

0,68% 3,79% 2,24%

65,63%

28,18%

0,42% 3,54%

2014

2015

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

JSDF GRM BRACE MAMPU AIPJ KOMPAK L'OREAL HIVOS PEKKA

31,87%

13,67%

1,13%

36,91%

14,00%

0,00% 0,88% 1,03% 0,50% 0,69%

8,89% 1,08%

50,50%

32,89%

1,37% 1,48% 0,00% 3,11%

2014

2015

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No. Event Category Percentage 2014 Percentage 2015

1. Subgrant (BLM) 23,92% 2.24% 2. Training and Workshop 38,07% 65.63% 3. Consultant Services 33,54% 28.18% 4. Goods 0,68% 0,42% 5. Operational Cost 3,79% 3,54% Total 100% 100%

Table 4. 1 Table Alokasi Dana untuk Kegiatan PEKKA 2015

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V. REFLEKSI DAN REKOMENDASI Efforts that have been made to empower women heads of household have brought about

profound changes to different aspects of their lives as well as for their communities. The

independent monitoring and evaluation exercise performed by Tan Jo Hann of SEAPCP

and Roem Topatimasang of INSIST has highlighted on several changes observed on the

ground.

1. Outcomes • The presence of PEKKA Unions is a tangible form of resistance towards the

patriarchal ideology that negates women’s pivotal role and responsibility in the

household.

• PEKKA Unions have become a vehicle for unifying the community by putting aside

differences which are often the cause of disputes in order to attain the shared purpose

of giving women household heads the recognition and appreciation that they duly

deserve in order for them to lead dignified and prosperous lives.

• PEKKA Unions have been effective in facilitating the public at large in obtaining

their legal identity documents. Through advocacy work and various initiatives,

PEKKA Unions have made it possible for the community to access improved public

services. Members of the community now have also gained official recognition from

the government on their status and position as household heads.

• Savings and loan activities through local cooperatives have helped members improve

the financial situation of their households, and have laid the foundation for individual

and organizational self-sufficiency and independence. These activities have proven to

be an effective instrument for organizing women household heads.

• The organized presence of women household heads has gained cultural, social and

political recognition, and has won the trust of the public in general.

Nevertheless, the independent evaluators have underlined the following challenges for

PEKKA Unions in the future.

2. Challenges • Although plenty has been done, the actions initiated by PEKKA communities do not

fully address wider social and economic issues around them, such as solid waste

disposal, environmental degradation and lack of safe drinking water.

• Several activities that were initiated however are associated with gender stereotyping

which these actions should instead be countering. An example is the hair salon

initiative that tends to perpetuate the female stereotype of being absorbed with self-

beautification.

• The strategy to train PEKKA cadres to facilitate the community in accessing public

services such as legal identity documentation, has caused PEKKA cadres to be too

much involved in the delivery of services which should have been the duty and

responsibility of village authorities. This has taken too much of the cadres’ time and

energy to the extent that they could not effectively carry out community organizing

work for responding to other social and economic issues.

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In view of the above, the following recommendations were put forward to PEKKA:

3. Recommendations

• PEKKA communities should build the analytical ability to see how issues are

interrelated, specifically regarding gender injustices, such as the dual burden of

women household heads and the socio-economic situation until the macro level.

• PEKKA communities need to build their knowledge and have adequate data and

information on actual issues confronting them in order to be more effective in

tackling the problems.

• To sustain efforts aimed at easing the poverty situation for women household heads, it

is highly recommended to focus on food and energy in PEKKA’s community

organizing work. Food and energy are basic needs, yet the community uses up most

of their meager earnings to meet these basic needs.

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