GPS BASED VEHICLE NAVIGATION SYSTEM

Today vehicles are the common mode of transportation and

traveling, and the demand is increasing day by day. This is a project used to identify

the exact position of a vehicle. Here we aim to implement a project to track a vehicle

by using the GPS technology irrespective of the purpose they are used.

The vehicle tracking is the project implemented on the basis of the GPS and GSM

Technology. The controlling main portion of this project is a 8-bit microcontroller. In

this project we are using Atmega32. This project consists of two portions one is the

vehicle portion and the second one is the control station.

This project is used for tracking a vehicle by using the latitude and longitude. Every

place in the earth has its own latitude and longitude that is the latitude and longitude

is unique for one place, this is the main key portion in this project.

The vehicle portion consists of an embedded system which contains a GPS

modem for receiving the lattitude and longitude from the GPS system. And it consist

a GSM modem for sending the lattitude and longitude to a remote control station as a

sms format. The control station is a personal computer consists of a JAVA program

which consists of a Database of lattitude and longitude of different places and GSM

Modem.

WORKING

The control station has a provision for user interfacing, when the user

wants to track vehicle then the user can send a sms through the GSM Modem to the

remote vehicle, the vehicle will returns the current Lattitude and longitude to control

station instantly. This latitude and the longitude are compared with the Database of

the control station and display the current geographical location of vehicle.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

DISCRIPTION

Vehicle section:

In this section the micro controller keeps processing the data from

the GPS. The data processed is stored in the microcontroller and transmitted via

wireless unit to the central monitoring unit.

Monitoring Unit:

Here a database is created in which the details of vehicle and

the list of locations are being listed. Also, there is a list of nearby police stations and

hospitals corresponding to the locations.

If required the message is send to the vehicle which in turn

then sends the location. When a message is received from a vehicle, the location send

by it is analyzed and its corresponding police station and hospital numbers are found

out. After that messages are being send to the former ad latter with the location.

GSM

GPS

AVR CONTROL

SWITCH

MAX232

POWER SUPPLY

LCD

GPS module

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is the only fully functional Global

Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in the world. The United States' Global

Positioning System (GPS), which as of 2007 is the only fully functional, fully

available global navigation satellite system. It consists of up to 32 medium Earth orbit

satellites in six different orbital planes, with the exact number of satellites varying as

older satellites are retired and replaced. Operational since 1978 and globally available

since 1994, GPS is currently the world's most utilized satellite navigation system.

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is the standard generic term for satellite

navigation systems that provide autonomous Geo-Spatial positioning with global

coverage. A GNSS allows small electronic receivers to determine their location

(longitude, latitude, and altitude) to within a few meters using time signals transmitted

along a line of sight by radio from satellites. Receivers on the ground with a fixed

position can also be used to calculate the precise time as a reference for scientific

experiments. The GPS uses a constellation of between 24 and 32 Medium Earth Orbit

satellites that transmit precise microwave signals that enable GPS receivers to

determine their current location, the time, and their velocity (including direction).

GPS was developed by the United States Department of Defense. Its official name is

NAVSTAR-GPS. The location information is available as latitude and longitude. It

gives the location data from time to time so that when emergency arises we can know

where exactly it has occurred.

GSM

GSM is a cellular network, which means that mobile phones connect to it by

searching for cells in the immediate vicinity. GSM networks operate in four different

frequency ranges. Most GSM networks operate in the 900 MHz or 1800 MHz bands.

Some countries in the Americas (including Canada and the United States) use the 850

MHz and 1900 MHz bands because the 900 and 1800 MHz frequency bands were

already allocated. The rarer 400 and 450 MHz frequency bands are assigned in some

countries, notably Scandinavia, where these frequencies were previously used for

first-generation systems