5G trends and potential – an industry view¤nen_sl… · Network densification: why and how 4....

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 1

Kari Leppänen, Walter Weigel

5G trends and potential – an industry viewEUCnC Oulu 14.5.2017


Contents

1. The path towards 5G2. Virtual reality and the mobility dilemma3. Network densification: why and how4. The new role of future access networks5. Micro operators and 5G spectrum6. What is 5G good for and what it is not?

p Examples V2V and industrial IoT

7. Recommendations


The path towards 5G

Spectrum

Air Interface

NetworkArchitecture

4G 4.5G 5G

6GHz

Extend from Sub 3 to Sub 6 GHz

6GHz

New spectrum + refarming

LTE LTE

256QAM

M-MIMO

Massive CANB-IOT

LAA

……

NEWAIR

Waveform

Channel Coding

Multiple Access

Duplex

Frame ……

EPC vEPC 5G NW Functions

86 GHz

Virtualization + CloudSDN / NFV

Virtualization

Ready for5G

Co-existEvolution

Refarming

3GHz

Sub 3GHz

50 ms, 600 Mbps 10 ms, 1 Gbps 1 ms, 10 GbpsIoT:10K / km2 Site:<300m IoT:100K /km2 Site:<100m IoT:1M/km2 Site:<50m

CoMP; CA (5CC) ;4*4 MIMO FDD 8T8R / TDD 16T16R MMIMO, no cell, mmW


The amazing need for speed: Virtual Reality

Example: Photorealistic Virtual Reality mayrequire mean rates in excess of 1 Gbps• The foveal area of human eye (6 degrees) can resolve

~200 dots / degree of arc [1]

• If we update only the image for the foveal field? Latency

issue: reaction to eye/head movement should notexceed ~13 ms (E2E to VR source [2])

• Example: transmitting the foveal FoW (1.1 million pixels)

in 5ms requires momentarily 16 Gbps! (see Annex)

• Home networks (fiber + WiFi) will reach

typical speeds of 1 Gbps per user inearly 5G era

• Also mobile users should be able toenjoy Virtual Reality

FThis is critical for people to pay formobile subscription

FWe need mean rates of at least severalhundred Mbps for mobile users


Dilemma: How to provide Virtual Reality for mobile, especially car users?

Macro MMIMO (4BS/km2), f=3.5GHz, BW=200MHz, Madrid grid, 1000 users/km2, see [4]

• 300 Mbps per user in dense urban needed (also the

requirement from NGMN White Paper [3])

• Macro only gives 10-20 Mbps mean rate per vehicle, a hugegap for VR and mixed reality services


Only densification can solve the mean rate problem

Macro MMIMO (4BS/km2) UDN MIMO (264 BS/km2)

HetNet:Macrowith hotspots

ContinuousUDN:always lineof sight

Highways can also be built with line-of-sight. There the required BS density is lower.

ZF = Zero Forcing, MF = Matched Filter


Densification is critical for the success of mm-wave access

• Typical difference in path lossbetween 200m NLOS (typical macro

case) and 30m LOS (typical UDN

case) at 28 GHz in Manhattan is

~70dB (a lot of obstacles)

• With UDN we can lower the antennagains by 40 dB which makes tracking

and discovery 10,000 times easier• At the same time we can lower the

transmission power by 30 dB!

• NOTE: Indoor can only be handled by

indoor mm-wave BS. From: Rappaport et al 2013 [5]


Street lamps are the key to viable ultra-dense outdoor deployment

Advantages– Power cabling available

– Efficient site acquisition

– Graceful degradation (no

site visits)

– No visual footprint

– Smart streetlighting control

– Outdoor 3D point cloudmapping for mixed reality


Accurate positioning by UDN will be an important 5G service

New possibilities for operators: self driving cars, drones, robots, intelligent traffic systems, logistics

See [6]


Morse’s law is slowing: UDN needed to reduce BB complexity1. Line-of-sight makes the

MIMO basebandprocessing simple

2. UDN use extremely lowtransmission powers (tensof milliwatts)

3. -> 10W BS unit possible:

BStype

Density(1/km2)

Power(W)

Power(kW/km2)

UDN 300 10 3

Macro 10 2000 20

See Mämmelä et al [7]


Mixed Reality will require a lot of help from access network

Future access networksare not just for carryingbits.They are criticalprogrammable multi-function platforms forcreating futureapplications, such asmixed/virtual reality,low-latency services,dynamic local discoveryand other location-based services.

Radio data link(100s Mbps, 1mslatency): images,models, audio,measurements,control

Fiber / mm-wave data link(10s Gbps)

Position &orientationmeasurement(radio beacons,gyroscopes,accelerometers)

IR laserpoint cloudmeasurement

Edge AR / VRcomputations(<5ms latency)

Local AR/VRcomputations

Eye pointingmeasurements& hand imaging


Micro-operators open new ways to share infra costs

Micro-licensing is also a key for factory URLLC solutions!


What should we use 5G for and what not?

5G is good for:l Applications requiring low latency, high reliability or vehicular mobility

(that need predictable, controlled access to the channel)

l Future IoT solutions requiring truly massive connectivity and automaticroaming capabilities

Do not use 5G for:l Unassisted outdoor-to-indoor mobile broadband as it cannot compete with

the performance of future indoor networks (e.g. fiber+WiFi)


Example of V2V: tests by Huawei Germany

q C-V2x / URLLC system supporting Sidelink

q Supported frequencies 2.6 GHz@SL, 3.5 GHz@UU

q Flexible numerology profile(TTI: 125us, 250us, 500us, 1ms),(SC: 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, 120kHz)(CP:1/16, 1/8, 1/4 )

q Dynamic numerology switching OFF

Direct communication test cases§ Distance§ NLOS / LOS scenarios§ Different relative speed

NLOS scenarios

LOS scenarios

Sidelink2.6GHz/20MHzantenna

UU 3.5GHzantenna

Key results:

§ 99.99% reliability without retransmission / no HARQ

§ Max. communication distance of ~ 1km

§ Speed up to 170kmph

§ End-to-end latency 0.7ms


V2X reliability tests using 5G NR air interface

Key results:

ü Test with 2 cars is done successfully.

ü Reliability: >99.999% with BS—UE

ü Average latency (BS-UE): 0.7 ms

ü Speed up to 170kmph

gNB: height≈10m

UE0UE1

Test area: 1.6Km

0

50

100

150

200

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Spee

d(0

Km/h

PDSC

Hde

codi

ngra

te

Time

PDSCH decoding rate VS Speed

PDSCH_DR Speed


Requirements of I4.0

GAP - Wireless standards do not meet:• availability (interference robustness)• latency, response time in production

cells (i.e. motion control, currentupgrade: IEC 62948)

• security• reliability

Quality ofService

MotionControl

ConditionMonitoring

AugmentedReality

Latency 250 ms – 1ms 100 ms 10ms

Reliability(1)

1e-8 1e-5 1e-5

Data Rate Kbit/s-Mbit/s Kbit/s Mbit/s-Gbit/s

(1) – Residual Packet Error Rate, see [8]Source: Plattform Industrie 4.0 „Network based communication for Industry 4.0“

Need:• Flexible & secure E2E communication• Interaction of M2M protocols, e.g. OPC UA (IEC 62541) with TSN• Local spectrum licensing


Recommendations for increased (std) focus

1. Mobility is critical for 5G. More focus on mmW and UDN mobilitychallenges.

2. 5G indoor & outdoor positioning, including user location privacy

3. Secure massive IoT with positioning

4. Technical solutions for platformized 5G, especially APIs and MEC5. Solutions to support local micro-operators: localized spectrum

sharing, new roaming models, seamless mobility between networks


References

[1] E. Bastug, M. Bennis, M. Medard, M. Debbah, ”Towards Interconnected Virtual Reality: Opportunities, Challenges andEnablers”, submitted to IEEE Communications Magazine 2016.[2] M. C. Potter, B. Wyble, C. E. Hagmann, E. S. McCourt, ”Detecting meaning in RSVP at 13ms per picture”, in Attention,Perception & Psychophysics, vol 76, no. 2, pp. 270-279, 2014.[3] NGMN (Next Generation Mobile Networks) Forum, ”5G White Paper”, March 2015, https://www.ngmn.org/5g-white-paper.html.[4] P. Kela et al, “Supporting mobility in 5G: A comparison between massive MIMO and continuous ultra dense networks,” inProc. IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), pp. 1-6, July 2016,http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7510708/.[5] Theodore S. Rappaport et al, “Millimeter Wave Mobile Communications for 5G Cellular: It Will Work!”, in IEEE Access, pp.335-349, 2013.[6] M. Koivisto et al, ”High-Efficiency Device Positioning and Location-Aware Communications in Dense 5G Networks”,accepted for publication in IEEE Communications Magazine 2017.[7] A. Mämmelä and A. Anttonen, ”Why will computing power need particular attention in future wireless devices?” IEEECircuits and Systems Magazine, vol. 17, pp. 12-26, First Quarter 2017, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7852545/.[8] Plattform Industrie 4.0, „Network based communication for Industry 4.0“

5G trends and potential – an industry view¤nen_sl… · Network densification: why and how 4....

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