5G: A 2020 Vision
-
Upload
explanotech -
Category
Technology
-
view
626 -
download
0
Transcript of 5G: A 2020 Vision
5G: A 2020 Vision
Small Cells SIG & Radio Tech SIG event
3rd Feb 2015
Zahid Ghadialy @zahidtg V1.1.0
2
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
about eXplanoTech
Requirement Analysis
Project Management
Design, Implement.
Integration & Deployment
Testing Services
Maintenance
End to End Solutions
Technology Consulting
Technology Training
System Integration
Simplified ‘Network Capacity’ equation 3
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Quantity of Spectrum (Hz)
Cell Spectrum Efficiency (bps Hz-1)
Number of Cells x x Σ b a n d
= Network Capacity (bps)
• 4.5G whitepaper – published June 2014
• 19,000+ views
• Download from slideshare
4.5G = LTE-A + Wi-Fi simultaneously 5
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Image source: Wikipedia
Total bandwidth, nearly 90 MHz
7
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
2.4GHz ISM Band
Image source: RevolutionWiFi
Total bandwidth, nearly 900 MHz
8
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
5GHz Band
11
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Huawei’s vision of 4.5G
Huawei to finalise '4.5G' branding by
Q1, commercialise in 2016
21st November 2014: Huawei said it will finalise the name of
the emerging technology between 4G and 5G, which it is
currently calling 4.5G, in the first quarter of 2015 and targets
launching commercial products in 2016… “But we think it’s
not that important what you call it. It could be 4GX, 4G+ or 4G
B.”
EE exec takes swipe at 4.5G “hype”
22nd October 2014: Mansoor Hanif, director of RAN
development and programmes for UK number one operator EE,
said there is “a lot of confusion out there” about the industry’s
latest buzz-phrase, 4.5G.
…
“To some people, 4.5G is the combination of 4G plus Wi-Fi
aggregated, to some people it’s something like that but closer to
5G. Each partner, each vendor, each operator has their own
view. Vodafone in one presentation said that 4.5G refers to
carrier aggregation,” he said.
Pre-5G ZTE to launch 'pre-5G' base station next year
23rd December, 2014: Chinese vendor ZTE has said it plans to launch a ‘pre-
5G’ testing base station in 2015, commercial use of which will be possible in
2016, following tests and adjustment.
Pre-5G technology is a concept the company first proposed at a summit in
Amsterdam at a time when industry insiders said 5G technology would not be
deployed in the market before 2020.
12
• Two key mantra’s for 5G:
– ABC (Always Best Connected)
– ASR (Always Sufficient Rate) – to give users the perception of infinite capacity
What is 5G 15
“The 5G litmus test for me is a new air interface and different ways to do end-to-end policy set-up than just the nine QCIs [QoS
Class Identifiers] specified in LTE today. When those are combined, that will be
5G as far as I’m concerned” - Michael
Peeters, CTO of Alcatel-Lucent’s wireless business
unit Source: 5G Reality Check – Mobile Europe, Dec. 2014
16
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Conflicting views on 5G #1
“We believe OFDM, which we’ve inherited from LTE, is the best
combination with MIMO. We don’t see a strong motivation at this point in time to walk away from OFDM because it has in-
built flavour that can easily support a high number of antennas, as well as
being cost and energy efficient, which will outweigh the little performance you gain from the other waveforms.” - Peter
Merz, Head of Radio Systems, Technology and Innovation at Nokia Networks.
Source: 5G Reality Check – Mobile Europe, Dec. 2014
17
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Conflicting views on 5G #2
“In new frequency bands, perhaps around 6GHz, we think we’ll see allocations of
much wider bandwidth, perhaps hundreds of MHz, so we’re looking at some variant of access technologies, but not too unlike
what we have in LTE today, yes, there might be some things we do to OFDM in
higher frequencies – to optimise it for higher bandwidth and reduce latency – but we think the basic modulation scheme will be the same.” - Dr. Håkan Andersson, Head
of 5G Product Strategy, Radio Business Unit, Ericsson
Source: 5G Reality Check – Mobile Europe, Dec. 2014
18
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Conflicting views on 5G #3
ITU Requirements for IMT-Future 19
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Attribute IMT-Advanced 4G
IMT-Future 5G
Achievable Rates (Mbps)
1Gbps 10-50Gbps
Connection Density
106-107/km2
Mobility & Coverage
350km/h 500km/h
Energy Efficiency
1x 50-100x
Spectral Efficiency
1x 5-15x
Latency 10ms 1ms
• 1-10Gbps connections to end points in the field (i.e. not theoretical maximum)
• 1 millisecond end-to-end round trip delay (latency)
• 1000x bandwidth per unit area
• 10-100x number of connected devices
• (Perception of) 99.999% availability
• (Perception of) 100% coverage
• 90% reduction in network energy usage
• Up to ten year battery life for low power, machine-type devices
Source: Understanding 5G: Perspectives on future technological advancements in mobile - GSMA Intelligence, December 2014
20
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
IMT-2020 (5G) technology requirements
Image Source: 5G-From Research to Standardisation - Bernard Barani European Commission, Globecom2014
21
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
5G: Multiple inter-operable standards?
Optimize for data rate
Optimize for connection
numbers
Optimize for delay
• Clean-Slate
• 2G
• 3G
• 4G
• 5G?
22
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Internet of Things (IoT) – possibilities • Zigbee
• 6LoWPAN
• Z-Wave
• Sigfox
• Weightless
• BLE
• oneM2M
• LTN
• Thread
• 802.11ah
Non-exhaustive list
Note: Not according to scale
24
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Spectrum Bands Summary
300MHz 1GHz 2GHz 3GHz 4GHz
UHF
8GHz 12GHz 18GHz 27GHz 30GHz 40GHz
SHF
75GHz 110GHz 300GHz
EHF
30MHz
VHF
millimetre wave (mmWave / mmW) centimetre wave (cmWave)
Microwaves
L IEEE Bands S C X Ku K Ka V W
ITU-R Bands
E E
86GHz 57GHz
V
71-76, 81-86GHz
57-66GHz
Importance of Frequency Selection
2.1GHz 900MHz
Higher frequency means faster
decay
Lower frequency means more number of users in a
given cell
Higher frequency gets reflected from walls and have poor penetration
Lower frequency gets attenuated from walls but
still penetrates
25
NTT Docomo 5G Trials 31
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Image Source: Telecom TV
See NTT Docomo press release: DOCOMO to Conduct 5G Experimental Trials with World-leading Mobile Technology Vendors, May 2014
Source: Millimeter Wave Wireless Communications - The Renaissance of Computing and Communications – Ted Rappaport, ICC 2014
32
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
mmWave Wavelength Visualization – 60GHz
Source: Millimeter Wave Wireless Communications - The Renaissance of Computing and Communications – Ted Rappaport, ICC 2014
33
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
“Zero Area” Antenna Implementation
• These technologies are often lumped along with 5G but will happen anyway and will lay the foundation of 5G
– SDN and NFV
– Cloud RAN (C-RAN) and Remote Radio Head (RRH)
– Densification of Networks/HetNet’s
– Voice/Video and Messaging enhancements
– New Codecs
– Machine-to-Machine (M2M) enhancements
– Device-to-Device (D2D) enhancements
– Higher order modulations (HOMs) in downlink and uplink
– Dynamic spectrum allocation/sharing techniques
– Cloud, Caching and CDN
36
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Technologies independent of ‘5G’
• The key technologies that are being discussed for ‘5G’ are as follows (non-exhaustive list):
– Centimetre & Millimetre frequencies/waves
– Super wideband spectrum
– New waveforms, Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC)
– In-Band Full Duplex (IBFD)
– 3D Massive MIMO and Beamforming
– Cognitive radio spectrum sensing techniques
– No-Edge/Edgeless cells
– Smaller cells and Ultra-dense Networks (UDN).
– Multi-stream aggregation (MSA)
– Control/User plane spit in access network (Phantom Cell)
37
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Key ‘5G’ Technologies Under Discussion
China Mobile’s vision of ‘6 Pearls’ 38
Picture Source: Vision 2020 Perspective and Progress of CMCC, Dr. Chih-Lin I, 5G Huddle, Sep. 2014
Source: Exploring 5G: Performance Targets, Technologies & Timelines
39
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Rethinking Shannon
Picture Source: SK Telecom 5G whitepaper
40
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
In-Band Full Duplex (IBFD)
Ultra-Dense Networks (UDN) 41
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Ultra dense deployment
Multi-hop deployment
Industrial Automation Vehicle to vehicle
deployment
Relaying deployment
Military deployment
Multiple carriers
Different technologies
Multi-Stream Aggregation (MSA) 42
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Multi-RAT Carrier Aggregation (MCA)
HSPA/HSPA+ HSPA/HSPA+ HSPA/HSPA+
Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Wi-Fi
LTE/LTE-A LTE/LTE-A LTE/LTE-A LTE/LTE-A
TD-LTE TD-LTE TD-LTE TD-LTE
5G (low freq) 5G (low freq)
5G 5G 5G 5G 5G 5G 5G
The race to be ‘first’ with 5G 44
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Huawei targets 2018 World Cup in
Russia for 5G trial
November 20, 2014: Huawei is getting even deeper into 5G
waters, inking a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with
MegaFon in Russia, with plans to demonstrate 5G in a trial
during the FIFA World Cup in 2018.
That's two years ahead of when commercial 5G is expected to
be available…
NTT Docomo names suppliers for 5G
trials; targets 2020 commercial
launch
08/05/14: NTT Docomo, Japan’s biggest mobile operator,
announced it is working with six suppliers to conduct various
“experimental trials” for 5G involving higher frequency bands
than those used for existing mobile technologies.
SK Telecom teams with Nokia on 5G
demo slated for 2018
Jan 21, 2015: The race to be the first to demonstrate and launch
5G is heating up. The latest entrant is SK Telecom which
announced today that it has signed a memorandum of
understanding (MOU) with Nokia to conduct joint research and
development on 5G with the ultimate goal of demonstrating the
technology in 2018 and commercially launching it in 2020.
Samsung aims to debut 5G at 2018
Olympics
October 22, 2014: Samsung aims to launch 5G-based products
in time for the 2018 Winter Olympic Games in PyeongChang.
Speaking at the ITU's 5G Global Summit, Samsung head of
communications research Cheun Kyung-whoon said the
PyeongChang Winter Olympics and the Tokyo Summer
Olympics in 2020 will be an ideal time to showcase 5G
technology, the Korea Herald said.
Picture Source: Morgan Mullooly, Twitter
45
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Length of time between initial LTE and LTE-A Deployments
Road to 5G: Approximate schedule 46
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Requirements &
Exploration
Standardization &
Prototype
Trials
& Commercial
Deployments
IMT. Vision IMT. Proposals IMT. Specifications
IMT-Advanced
2018
Enhancements to
IMT-Advanced for
use in IMT spectrum
below 6,5 GHz
IMT-2020 [5G]
Including new RITs
that might or might not
be backward
compatible for use in
IMT spectrum below
and/or above 6,5 GHz
ITU Requirements WS
Rel-13 Rel-14 Rel-15 Rel-16
- Scenarios & requirements
- SI* for low spectrum
- Channel modeling for high
spectrum
- WI* for low
spectrum
- SI* for high
spectrum
- WI* for low
spectrum
enhancement
- WI* for high
spectrum
Phase I Phase II Phase III
Basic research work
Vision building
Large-scale trials
Early standardization
System optimization
Pre-standardization
* SI : Study Items
WI : Work Items
Metis
For Guidance Only
Source: Future Networks – Bernard Celli, ANFR, Digiworld 2014
• NFV based network implementation
• mmWave (or cmWave but mmWave preferable)
• Massive MIMO (at least 64x64) and 3D Beamforming
• Dense Small Cells network with MSA
48
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
5G Prototype: Minimum set of features
5G Target 49
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Internet of things
Automotive industry Medical care
Smart meters Sensors
UHD video streaming Augmented reality
Big data e-learning
Environment Remote medicine
Smart Home Robots
Enhanced mobile broadband
Safety networks
Interactive HD TV
Shipping logistic
Traffic safety control
Modern agriculture Industrial applications
Geolocation
Social gaming
Real 3D
Tactile Internet
Services
Cloud
Fiber
SDN
HetNet Satellite
Unlicensed Cognitive radio
4G LTE LSA
Small cells
Massive MiMo
Wi-Fi
Sharing
New waveform
Virtualized radio
Multi integrated wireless
High spectrum
Carrier aggregation
Technologies
Traffic x 1000 Density x 10
User convenience
Data rates x 10 Reliability
Availability Capacity
End to end latency (/ 5)
Seamless mobility
Systems continuity
Objectives
Spectrum efficiency
Energy efficiency
Cost efficiency
Security
Adaptability
Constraints
Source: Future Networks – Bernard Celli, ANFR, Digiworld 2014
For Guidance Only
I would like to thank the following people for their contributions through either online or personal discussions and guidance. In no particular order:
• Dr. Shahram Niri
• Elena Neira
• John K. Bramfield
• Dan Warren
• Philip Solis
• Morgan Mullooly
• David Rogers
• Ajit Jaokar
51
Non-confidential – Public © eXplanoTech Ltd.
Acknowledgements