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WISENETWireless Sensor Network
BY G.JANAREDDY 08Q61A0569 IV CSE
Overview• Introduction• Design Goals• Design Methodology• Subsystems• Project Success• Future Extensions / Projects• Applications• Conclusion
Introduction
• Wireless Sensor Networks– One of MIT's 10 emerging technologies– Low-power systems– New applications: sensing, controls,
automation
• WISENET: Wireless Sensor Network– Office environment monitoring
• Temperature, humidity, light– Quantitively evaluate heating & A/C systems– Funding & support provided by Honeywell, Int'l.
HISTORY:• The technological drive for smaller devices using less power with greater functionality has created new potential applications in the sensor and data acquisition sectors.
• MIT even recognized wireless sensor networks and TinyOS as one of the ten emerging technologies that will change the future (Technology Review, 1 February 2003). “Wireless Sensor Networks for Habitat Monitoring”
Design Goals• Use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS)
software & standard interfaces where applicable
– Apache web-server (HTTP)
– MySQL database
– PHP web programming language
• Simple, web-based user interface
• Battery-powered, wireless sensor nodes: 'motes'
• Low-power consumption = Long battery life
• Motes create self-organizing ('ad-hoc') networks for robust communications
Design Methodology• Top-Down Design Process:
– Define major subsystems
– Define subsystem interfaces
• Primary Subsystems:– Client
• Standard Web browser via Internet– Server– Wireless mote network
System Block Diagram
Subsystem – Server
WiseDB• Written in C++
– Utilizes open-source APIs• Application Programming Interfaces (API)• MySQL++ database API• Serial API
• Relays information from mote network to database
• Sends commands to mote network
– Written in PHP4
– Utilizes Charting Software: ChartDirector v3.0
– Generates 3 Graphs (default)
– Passes Parameters via HTTP GET• Use bookmarks for specific queries
– Retrieves Data for Specific Mote or All Motes
Web Program
Data Retrieval Form:
Web Program
Generated Graphs:
Web Program
Subsystem – Sensor Network
Block Diagram – Mote
Picture – Mote
Picture – Mote
Picture – Mote
TinyOS• Real-time operating system for microcontrollers
• Open-source project at UC Berkeley
• Key Features:– Developed for sensing applications– Emphasis on low-power: Idle & sleep modes– Highly modular architecture– Efficient utilization of resources
• Currently developed for Atmega microcontrollers
TinyOS
– Wisenet is partially operational• 2 Motes w/ prototype sensor boards
• TinyOS modified for CC1010
• Server running WiseDB + web interface
• Sensor boards are not currently powered by batteries.
– Problems with DC-DC converter
– Unable to test multi-hop routing due to lack of motes
Project Success
– Expand network to develop & test multi-hop routing
– Develop a single-board mote• Create a expandable, plug-in sensor interface
– Research alternative energy sources • Solar cell, rechargeable batteries
– Continue development of TinyOS• Improve tools• Optimize performance / reduce power usage
– Improve web interface• Data analysis
Future Projects / Extensions
– Lab / Office Monitoring– Natural Habitat Monitoring– Automation / Process Control
• Where wired sensors are impractical– Security Systems
• Intrusion detection & occupancy sensors– Extreme Weather Surveillance
• Think “Twister”– Potential Biomedical Applications
• Critical fall alert for the elderly– Military Reconnaissance
• Monitor battlefields, sensitive locations
Potential Applications
ADVANTAGES:The following bullet-points show the benefits of using Wisenet against traditional methods.
•Typically ¾ the cost of a walkthrough.
•Can monitor offices over 24 hours.
•Captures true maximum and minimum occupancy figures.
•Installed at weekends – no staff disruption.
•Utilization figures viewable the very next day over portal.
– WISENET: Wireless Sensor Network– Emerging technology that will change the world– Many real-world applications– Low-power– Open-source software– Modular mote application design (TinyOS)– Flexible server implementation– Simple user interface via the web
WISENET is a step to the future of wireless sensing technology.
Conclusion
REFERENCES:1. Atkinson. MySQL++: A C++ API for MySQL, vers 1.7.9, online posting. 12 Dec 2002.<http://www.mysql.com/downloads/api-mysql++.html>.
2. Gay, Levis, et al. The nesC Language: A Holistic Approach to Network Embedded Systems,online posting. To appear in Proceedings of Programming Language Design and Implementation(PLDI <http://today.cs.berkeley.edu/tos/papers/nesc.pdf>.
Questions?
THANK YOU