7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

1/19

CHAPTER 3 :

BIODIVERSITY

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

2/19

1. Animals can be classified into two main groups :

Vertebrates

Invertebrates

2. Animals with backbones are called vertebrates.

3. Animals without backbones are called invertebrates.

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

3/19

VERTEBRATES

(with backbones)

COLD-BLOODED WARM-BLOODED

FISH

BIRDS

AMPHIBIANS

MAMMALS

REPTILES

INVERTEBRATES(without backbones)

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

4/19

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

5/19

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

6/19

INVERTEBRATES

Animals with jointed legs Animals without jointed legs

Worm-like

~Earthworms

~Flatworms

~Leeches

~Tapeworms

More than 4 pairs of legs

~Milipedes

~Centipedes

~Shrimps

~Lobsters

4 pairs of legs~Scorpions

~Spider

~Mites

~Ticks

3 pairs of legs~Butterflies

~Grasshopper

~Beetles

~Cockcroaches

Non-worm-like

~Jellyfish

~Starfish

~Snails~Cuttlefish

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

7/19

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

8/19

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

9/19

Their bodies are covered with hard and slimy scales.

Fish have fins and tails to help them swim. They have

streamlined bodies help them can move fast in water.

They are cold-blooded animals.

They breathe in the water through their gills.

They are lay eggs. ( External fertilisation )

They live in water.

Exp: eels, sharks, clownfish and salmons.

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

10/19

FISHES

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

11/19

They usually have loose and moist skin.

They are cold-blooded animals

Young amphibians breathe through gills.

Adult amphibians breathe through lungs when on

land and through skin when in water.

The females lay eggs in the water. The eggs are

fertilised outside the body.

They live in land or water.

Exp: Frogs, toads, salamanders and newts.

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

12/19

AMPHIBIANS

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

13/19

All reptiles have dry, scaly skins to prevent their

bodies from losing too much water.

Reptiles breathe through lungs and they are

cold-blooded animals.

They have four limbs ( except snakes ).

Reptiles reproduce by laying eggs on the land.

The eggs are fertilised inside the females body( internal fertilisation ).

Exp: Crocodiles, snakes, turtles, and lizards.

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

14/19

REPTILES

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

15/19

Birds are the only animals with feathers. They have

beaks and wings, but not all of them can fly.

They are warm-blooded.

They breathe with their lungs.

Birds lay eggs in their nests. The eggs are fertilised

internally and have hard shells.

They live in land. Exp: Owls, ducks, chickens, ostriches and penguins.

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

16/19

BIRDS

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

17/19

Mammals are warm-blooded animals.

Their bodies are covered by hair or fur.

They breathe with their lungs.

Some of the mammals give birth to live young.

Their eggs are fertilised internally and the young

develop inside the females body.

Young mammals feed on milk produced in the mammary glands.

Exp: bats, whales, squirrels and dolphins.

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

18/19

MAMMALS

7/28/2019 55335624-Science-Form-2

19/19