GYLON Gasketing

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DIN EN ISO 14001:2004Zertifikat: 01 104 031904

Garlock – Over 110 Years of Competence

Garlock Sealing Technologies is one of theleading sources world-wide for demandingsealing technology with over 100 years ofexperience.

Production and sales locations in all importantindustrial nations form the foundations for theeconomical ”one-stop-shopping“ approach, soimportant to international customers today.Garlock Sealing Technologies offer qualityand delivery related guarantees world-wide

for all products. Regional Garlock consultantsare available to discuss application-specificissues.

For the European Market, the companyGarlock GmbH, Neuss, Germany providesstocking, co-ordination and consulting services.Ready-to-use gaskets are manufactured hereaccording to the customers specifications usingmost modern waterjet cutters. A service which saves the customer time andmoney.

The world-wide successful GYLON gaskets arebeing exclusively manufactured by Garlock.Their excellent properties – above all the com-bination of the advantages offered by PTFEcombined with superior creep characteristics.

Individual, competent and experi-enced

The Garlock consultants give you thereliability you need. Through compe-tent recommendations which take in-to account the specific requirementsof your company. Through the expe-rience and the personal commitmentto come up with the best solution toyour sealing problem economicallyand engineering wise.

We will be pleased to inform youabout your nearest Garlock consultant.

ISO 9000Garlock Sealing Technologies is certi-fied at all its manufacturing locationsin accordance with ISO.

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The benefits of using GYLON

GYLON combines many excellent properties:

• Excellent chemical resistance

• Resistant to cold flow

• Usable at high pressure-temperaturecombinations

• High recovery

• Temperature stability from -212 °C to +260 °C

• Excellent dimensional stabilityunder thermal stress

• Good electrical insulation

• Extremely resistant to wear andabrasion as well as adverse weather conditons

50

40

30

20

10

N/m

m2

Hours

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

100 °C175 °C200 °C250 °C

Before

After

GYLON-Standard GYLON-Blue GYLON-Off-White conventional PTFE

A comparison of GYLON gasketing and conventional PTFE when compressed at 14 N/mm2

for 1 hour at a temperature of 260 °C.

Creep tests according to DIN 52913.GYLON-Standard: 55 x 75 x 2 mm; initial compressive stress of 50 N/mm2.

3

GYLON – proved and successful

4

GYLON Style 3500 and 3501 E Standard

Multi-purpose gaskets for the chemical and petrochemicalindustries. Offers significant advantages over conventionalPTFE in higher pressure-temperature applications due toexcellent cold flow resistance.

GYLON Style 3504 Blue

Due to its inorganic microspheres, GYLON Blue is highlycompressible. This excellent gasketing material is espec-ially suited to glass lined, enamelled and plastic flangesas well as other applications sensitive to bolt load.

GYLON Standard, Blue and Off-White now TÜVCertified: Quality Tested in high quality in accordancewith German Clean Air Regulations (“TA-Luft”)

A comprehensive test programme was run by the TÜVSüddeutschland covering the following aspects:• Low leak rate of the seal under maximum operating

conditions. Proof of a leak rate≤ 1,0 x 10-4mbar x ltr / (s x m) acc. to TA-Luft 2002.

• Checks on how assembly and maintenance is controlledso as to ensure proper operation.

• Confirming leaktightness of the materials also in endurance tests.

• Proof of adequately high mechanical properties for corresponding temperatures.

• Test on safety against bursting and blow-out (2.5 x PN).• Proof of a controlled and consistently high quality pro-

duction output by the manufacturer.The analysis by the TÜV Süddeutschland on the GYLONmaterial for flat gaskets has yielded the results sum-marised in the table above and it has been determinedthat GYLON is, for the stated operating parameters andwhen used in connection with flat flanges according toDIN 2635 Form C, of high quality in accordance with thetesting programme of the Institute for Plastics in the senseof “TA-Luft” (Clean Air Regulations).

Gasket type

GYLON StandardStyle 3501 E 30

20

30

from RT up to 250

from RT up to 250

from RT up to 250

40

40

25

GYLON Blue Style 3504

GYLON Off-White Style 3510

jVU(N/mm2)

Operatingtemperature

(°C)

Operatingpressure

(bar)

GYLON – proved and successful

5

GYLON Style 3510 Off-White

Of all types within the GYLON family,GYLON Off-White is the most resis-tant to chemical attack. It is thereforeespecially well-suited for aggressivemedia like hydrofluoric acid, causticpotash solution, aluminium fluorideand electrolytic baths.

GYLON Style 3545

GYLON Style 3545 consists of a highly compressible outer layer of microcel-lular PTFE and a rigid PTFE core (which reduces the cold flow and creep). Thetwo layers have been sintered together homogenously. These materials aremade of pure PTFE without any fillers. Style 3545 has a very soft surfacewhich is particularly suited to flanges with uneven surfaces and where lowbolt loads are required.

GYLON HP 3560

The combination of GYLON Standard with the advantages of creep resis-tance, universal resistance to chemical attack and the integrated stainlesssteel sheet, result in the best sealing properties and the utmost reliability.GYLON HP 3560 was developed for chemical applications involving aggres-sive media where safety against a blow-out is paramount, for example in thecase of pressure bursts. One application among many is in the pulp & paperindustry in connection with boiling apparatus where the gaskets are exposedto pressure bursts at high pressures.

Custom-made Gaskets

6

GYLON Endless Gaskets

Especially for cases where the required dimensions exceed those of our stockgasket sheet, Garlock is capable of manufacturing endless gaskets using aspecial welding method. The welded gaskets offer the same homogeneityand sealing properties compared to the endless gaskets.

Large Gaskets in Segments

For economical reasons and in the case of less demanding requirements,large flange gaskets consisting of several segments may be employed. Theends of these segments are either button-holed or duck-tailed. At Garlocksuch segment links can be produced using water cutting technology withattendant manufacturing accuracy, very close fitting joints and leakage properties hardly any inferior to those of the endless gaskets.

High-Pressure Water Cutting Technology

With water cutting machines it is possible to manufacture gaskets of anyshape and size which offer the following advantages: high dimensional accu-racy, fast production of the desired shape of gasket without the need forexpensive cutting tools, single gaskets and small batches can be deliveredquickly and economically. The cutting tool used in this technology is a waterjet about 0.3 mm thick which impacts on the gasket material at a pressure ofup to 4000 bar and three times the speed of sound.

GYLON Gasket with stainless steel metallic insert

Dimensions in accordance with DIN EN 1514-1. GYLON gaskets with metallicinsert comply with the UVV ”Gases“ regulations (VGB611 of the employer‘sliability insurance association for the chemical industry as well as the AD rulings B7 (Vd TÜV)). This means that even in the case of toxic and easilyflammable media, flanges need not be of the tongue and groove type.

GYLON – Approvals and Installation Recommendations

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Approvals for GYLON

For special applications and requirements the materialsused for our gaskets have been subjected to specialtests. Detailed information on the tests outlined in the following is available upon request.

Use in connection with gaseous and liquid oxygen

BAM approval for GYLON Style 3501 E, Style 3510 and Style 3504.

TÜV-Certification

GYLON Style 3501 E, Style 3504 and Style 3510 are TÜVcertified: high quality in accordance with German CleanAir Regulations (”TA-Luft“).

FDA

GYLON Standard, Blue and Off-White conforms to FDAspecifications.

Approvals for chlorine

GYLON Style 3500 and 3510 are recommended by theChlorine Institute Washington/USA for sealing of liquidand gaseous chlorine.

US Department of Agriculture

The US Department of Agriculture has accepted GYLONStyle 3500 for all those cases where GYLON comes intodirect contact with meat or poultry.

Installation Recommendations forGYLON Gaskets

Only a few factors need to be con-sidered when fitting gaskets in orderto ensure proper functioning of thegasket.• The gasket must be placed correctly

central on the sealing surface.• The sealing surface must be clean,

level and undamaged.• The surfaces of the gasket and the

flanges must not be treated withgrease or separating agents.

• The bolts of the flange must betightened according to the diagram.During the first tightening round,the bolts must be tight-ened to 50%of the final torque. During the second round to 80% and the thirdround to 100%. In order to ensure aperfect seal for the flange connec-tion, the bolts should be checkedand re-tightened as appropriateafter 12 to 24 hours.

• Review basic suitability of the gas-ket used with respect to the entirethermalmechanical and chemicalstresses during operation (tempera-ture, pressure, medium etc.) andalso in consideration of the condi-tions for which the flange connec-tion has been designed.

• Check the dimensions of the gasket(inside and outside diameter, thick-ness) in consideration of the condi-tions for which the flange connec-tion has been designed or theapplicable flange and sealingstandards (nominal width, nominalpressure).

• Check the strength potential or thetorque data of the bolts with respectto attaining the minimum force persurface area required for the spe-cific gaskets, which is above all

affected by the operating medium,its state of aggregation, the oper-ating pressure, the permissible leakrate and the safety level of the system.

• Avoid exceeding the maximumforce per surface area specified forthe specific gaskets which is aboveall influenced by the operating tem-perature and the ratio betweenwidth of the gasket and thicknessof the gasket.

8

The specifications stated here havebeen determined in the lab in accor-dance with DIN or ASTM guidelines.In practice, deviations may be expe-rienced owing to differing operatingconditions.

* BAM approval for oxygen serviceat 200 °C and 25 bar.** Operating temperature and pres-sure loads, the maximum of whichmay not be reached at the sametime. The P x T factor (pressure-tem-perature factor) allows checking ofthe actual operating data as to thesuitability of GYLON gaskets.The value obtained by multiplying the

max. operating temperature (°C) andthe max. operating pressure (bar)must not exceed the value specifiedfor P x T max. Any pressure and tem-perature combination which remainsbelow P x T max. is permissible.

GYLON Availability

GYLON Standard, Blue, Off-White GasketsSheet-thickness with tolerances (mm): 0,4 (+0,13/-0,05) · 0,8 (±0,13) · 1,0 (±0,13) · 1,6 (±0,15) · 2,0 (±0,15) ·3,0 (±0,25) · 3,2 (±0,25) · 4,8 (±0,40) · 6,4 (±0,50)Sheet-sizes (mm):1500 x 1500 · 1500 x 2280 · 1780 x 1780

GYLON HP 35601,6 mm thick with perforated stainlesssteel inserts3,2 mm thick with two perforatedstainless steel insertsSheet size: 600 x 600 mm

GYLON Style 3545Thickness: 2,0, 3,0, 4,8 or 6,4 mmSheet size: 1500 x 1500 mm

GYLON gaskets are offered assheets or as ready-to-use gaskets.Production capabilities to customerspecifications or as flange seal inaccordance with all common stan-dards.

Technical Information

Temperature range

Pressure load

P x T, max.** thickness1 and 1,5 mm

3,0 mm

Compressive creep strength (DIN 52913)

150 °C - 30 N/mm2

175 °C - 50 N/mm2

Compressibility (ASTM F 36)

Recovery (ASTM F 36)

Creep relaxation (ASTM F 38)

Tensile strength (ASTM D 1708)

Sealability (ASTM F 37 B) ASTM Fuel A:

Internal pressure = 0,7 bar, Gasket load = 7 N/mm2

Gas sealability (DIN 3535/6)

Leak rate (DIN 28090-2), λ2,0

Density (DIN 28090-2)

GYLON StandardStyle 3501 E*

-210 to +260 °C

83 bar

12000

8600

16

25

7-12%

40%

18%

14 N/mm2

0,1 ml/h

0,10 cm3/min

< 0,001 mg/(s x m)

2,19 g/cm3

GYLON StandardStyle 3500

-210 to +260 °C

83 bar

12000

8600

16

25

7-12%

40%

18%

14 N/mm2

0,22 ml/h

0,25 cm3/min

< 0,001 mg/(s x m)

2,10 g/cm3

GYLON BlueStyle 3504

-210 to +260 °C

55 bar

12000

8600

15

–

25-45%

30%

40%

14 N/mm2

0,12 ml/h

0,15 cm3/min

< 0,001 mg/(s x m)

1,70 g/cm3

GYLON Off-WhiteStyle 3510

-210 to +260 °C

83 bar

12000

8600

14

–

4-10%

40%

11%

14 N/mm2

0,04 ml/h

0,10 cm3/min

< 0,001 mg/(s x m)

2,80 g/cm3

GYLON Style 3545

-210 to +260 °C

83 bar

12000

8600

14

–

60-70%

15%

15%

–

0,15 ml/h

0,04 cm3/min

< 0,002 mg/(s x m)

–

GYLON Style HP 3560

-210 to +260 °C

172 bar

25000

15000

–

–

4-9%

45%

20%

34 N/mm2

0,02 ml/h

0,02 cm3/min

–

–

Technical Information

9

All information and recommenda-tions provided in this catalogue isbased on many years of experience.Unknown factors may result in somerestrictions. Binding statements as tothe compatibility of our products are

thus only possible after conductingpractical experiments under theoperating conditions encountered inthe customer’s system. Therefore, thedata provided in our catalogues area general guide only.

Gasketing characteristic according to the „Sheet of Instruction B7“

Gasketing characteristic values according to DIN 28090 for the quality assurance and calculation of flanged connections

The values jVU are for gas and steam application.

For fluids lower values can be used (~ 20%).

kO x KD-values for fluid can be used 20% lower.

bD = effective gasket width.

The contact surface finish should be in-between Rt = 50-160 μm

Gasketing characteristic according to DIN E 2505 – Part 2

Maximum initial

compressive stress jV0DIN 28090-1 N/mm2

Maximum in-service

compressive stress jB0/200 °CN/mm2

Minimum

initial stress jVU/L0,1-40 barDIN 28090-1 N/mm2

Compression modulus at room temperature �KSW DIN 28090-2 %

Percentage creep relaxation at room temperature �KRW DIN 28090-2 %

Compression modulus at elevated temperature �WSW DIN 28090-2 %

Percentage creep relaxation at elevated temperature �WRW DIN 28090-2 %

GYLON StandardStyle 3500

Style 3501 E

160

100

20

3,1

1,1

12

2,5

GYLON Off-WhiteStyle 3510

150

70

19

4,1

1,3

29

4,2

GYLON BlueStyle 3504

150

70

10

20

6,1

32

5,7

GYLON Style 3545

140

70

17

–

–

–

–

GYLON StandardStyle 3500Style 3501 E

GYLON Off-WhiteStyle 3510

GYLON BlueStyle 3504

Thickness

hDmm

1,0-3,2

1,0-3,2

1,0-3,2

Gasket-typeInstallationCondition

jVU jVON/mm2 N/mm2

18 160

15 150

8 150

Operating Condition°C

20 100 200jBO; N/mm2

160 120 100

150 85 70

150 85 70

b D/h

D≥

10

Rem

arks

Temperature°C

2020-250

2020-250

2020-250

kO x KDN/mm

18 x bD10 x bD

15 x bD10 x bD

8 x bD6 x bD

k1mm

1,3 x bD1,3 x bD

1,1 x bD1,1 x bD

1,1 x bD1,1 x bD

GYLON Testing Report

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The information given on the following pagesshould put the user in a position to prove qua-litatively, in discussions with the relevant safetyauthority, e. g. TÜV for example, the quality ofthe gaskets used. The diagrams provided inthe following summarise the results obtainedfrom a series of experiments using the materialGYLON Standard.

Given in the first diagram are the leak rates which are to be expected as a function of surface pressure. Thesetests were performed with nitrogen at an internal pres-sure of 40 bar. The straight line of the characteristic wascreated from points which were determined under bothload and no-load conditions. The surface pressurerequired to attain a flange connection which is leak tightin accordance with the TA Air - (101 μg/s x m corresp.0.01mg/s x m) - equivalent to 17 MPa or 17 N/mm2. Sincethe samples were tested in an assembly which is resistentto bending, one is on the safe side when using the mate-rial in flange connections. All leak data were determinedat a constant leak rate.

Presented in the second diagram is the determination ofjBU at 200 °C under the test conditions already detailed.In order to determine jBU at 200 °C, a maximum leakrate was fixed, the value of which was one order ofmagnitude below the value specified by TA-Air. In thecase of a flange connection, the surface pressure maydrop for various reasons at certain points or along theentire circumference (often because of flexing, runningout of true, incorrect assembly among others). The valueof jBU at 200 °C represents a quantity which states howlow the surface pressure may get at a temperature of200 °C and an internal pressure of 40 bar using nitrogenso as to maintain the required degree of leak tightness.

GYLON Testing Report

11

In the face of strong compressive stress various PTFEbased materials have the tendency to change significantly;they may for example creep strongly and suddenly,break or fail in other ways. As depicted in the third dia-gram, the material GYLON Standard subjected to thetests does not change in its physical and structural pro-perties even when exposed to a high compressive stressof 135 N/mm2. The leak rates were in this case deter-mined at an internal pressure of 60 bar using nitrogen.When stressing the gasket, 3 leak rates were determined,specifically at 5 N/mm2, 65 N/mm2 and 135 N/mm2.Thereafter the stress on the sealing material was relievedstep by step at first to 65 and then 5 N/mm2, wherebyagain the leak rates were determined. In the case ofsuch high surface pressures, the GYLON Standard gas-kets showed no sign of physical change or mechanicalfailure. Even when relieved to 5 N/mm2, the leak rateremained below the value demanded by TA-Air.Characteristic for this investigation and the GYLONStandard gaskets is the unimpaired recovery capabilityeven after exposure to high surface pressures.

Shown in diagram 4 is the course of the recovery as afunction of the applied surface pressure exerted on thegasketing material. The course of this curve is quite un-typical for PTFE and clearly demonstrates that GYLONgaskets are capable of sustaining a surface pressure of140 N/mm2 without being damaged. Moreover, it is pos-sible to derive from this curve that it is one of the primarycharacteristics of the GYLON gaskets that their recoveryincreases at increasing compressive stress.

Diagram 5 shows the results of a long term test onGYLON Standard. This test was run for over 940 hours at 200 °C. The leak rate remained below 0.1μg/s x m.

These investigations which were performed by theFederal Material Research Laboratory provide theuser sound reasons for using the gaskets in accor-dance with TA-Air and in line with accident preven-tion regulations thereby forming a solid base of datafor checking the flange connection.

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